Review What is a pogrom? What were two Jewish responses to

pogroms? What is the Bund? What political

ideologies/parties was it associated with?

The American Experience

Part I

In the Beginning: Early Settlement Amongst the early settlers

Joachim Gaunse 1654 – 23 Jews from Recife

Plan to settle permanently in New Amsterdam Governor Stuyvesant wants to exclude them Dutch West India Company wants them to stay

In the Beginning:Jews and the British Colonies British Colonies – Religious Freedom Massachusetts

Founded by Puritans Didn’t allow non-Puritans

Georgia 42 Jews – 1733 Governor allows them to settle based on

colony’s charter Sees economic advantage

In the Beginning: Revolutionary War Jews in American for over 100 years During the War

Patriots – same grievances Loyalists – given rights by Great Britain Francis Salvador – killed in battle in 1776

Jewish Rights in a time of war Hart Jacobs

Significance Few Jews in America First war in which Jews allowed to participate

In the Beginning:George Washington Visits The Touro

Synagogue in Rhode Island

“Demean yourselves as good citizens” Assures citizenship Hopes for peace What is a “good

citizen”?

Religious & Civil Rights I Basis for new government from beginning

Declaration of Independence (1776) Virginia Act of 1785

Religious Freedom Constitution of the United States of

America (1789) Article VI

Religious & Civil Rights II Jewish Army Chaplains

Civil War Mainly Jewish Unit Abraham Lincoln Approves

General Order Number Eleven General Ulysses S. Grant Jews expelled from Kentucky, Tennessee, and

Mississippi. Abraham Lincoln Revoked

Immigration: Why? Primary Sources

Proclamation to the Jews (p. 459) Off to America! (p. 463)

Directions Be prepared to share your document with the

class What is the context for your document? What specific points does it make? How do Jews view

America? Why is it significant?

Immigration: Who & When 3 Waves of Immigration

Sephardic Early colonists

Ashkenazic Jews – 1820-1880 Germany, Poland, Austria Religious adaptation Charitable organizations

Ashkenazic Jews – 1880 – 1924 Russia and Poland Traditional Judaism Bund and Zionism

Next Class Preview

Anti-Semitism in America Religious Adaptation – Similar and Different

than Germany