Review Unit – A Global View: Regional Civilizations

Muslim Civilizations

Muslim CivilizationsI. Rise of Islam

A. Muhammad1. Born in Mecca in western Arabia about 5702. Muslims believe he is God’s messenger.3. Spent much of his life spreading Islam

B. Muslim beliefs1. One all-powerful, compassionate God2. Five basic duties, known as the Five Pillars of Islam3. Quran is final authority on all matters.

II. Islam SpreadsA. Abu Bakr—successor to MuhammadB. Conquests spread Islam.C. Abbasid Dynasty moved capital; ruled until 1258

III. Golden Age of Muslim Civilization

A. Muslim empire united diverse cultures.

Muslim Civilizations (cont.)

B. Muslim merchants established a vast trading network.C. Muslims pioneered advances in many fields.D. Islamic artists developed elaborate mosaics.

IV. Muslims in IndiaA. In the late 1100s, a Muslim sultan defeated Hindus.B. His successors founded the Delhi Sultanate.C. Muslims and Hindus

1. Muslim rule led to decline of Buddhism in India.2. Many Hindus were killed.

D. Mughal India1. Babur led Turkish and Mongol invaders into India.2. Ended Delhi Sultanate; set up Mughal Dynasty

V. The Ottoman and Safavid EmpiresA. The Ottoman Empire

1. In 1453, Ottomans captured Constantinople.2. Golden age existed under Suleiman.

Muslim Civilizations (cont.)

B. The Safavid Empire

1. Muslim dynasty located in present-day Iran.

2. Shah Abbas the Great ruled from 1588 to 1629.