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The Heart- pathway of blood flow through the heart
Deoxygenated blood from rest of body to right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lung where blood picks up O2 left atrium via pulmonary veins left ventricle oxygenated blood left heart via aorta to rest of the body
Blood from upper body
Blood from lower body https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSbbDnbSEyM
Try it yourself1. Label AD in the diagram below. 2. Which kind of blood
(deoxygenated/oxygenated?) that entering:
a. superior vena cavab. pulmonary veinc. pulmonary arteryd. aorta
3. Where does the blood come from before entering the superior vena cava?
4. Where does the blood come from before entering the inferior vena cava?
5. Where does the blood go to after leaving the pulmonary artery?
6. The part receives blood from lung is:a. left ventricle c. left atriumb. right atrium d. right atrium
• http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1372938/Live-human-heart-grown-lab-using-stem-cells-potential-transplant-breakthrough.html
The Respiratory System
Think/Pair/Share
• What is the function of the respiratory system?
• What are its parts?
• What is the structure-function relationship of its parts?
Respiratory System
• Function: to facilitate gas exchange which allows cells to obtain energy for growth, repair, movement etc.
Stayin’ Alive!All cells must carry out
cellular respiration:
C 6 H12O6 + 6 O2 →6 H2O + 6 CO2
Therefore, cells must constantly:• Get O2
• Get rid of CO2
PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1.Nose/Mouth
2.Trachea
3.Lungs
Respiratory System –Nose/Mouth• Air gets
moistened as it passes through the nasal and oral cavity
• Hair and mucous trap large particles, preventing them from entering
Respiratory System - Trachea• Tube-like structure that connects the
mouth/nose nasal passage to the lungs
Respiratory System - Trachea
• lined with epithelial tissue which
• -has cilia• -produces mucous
• Why?
Respiratory System - TracheaCilia and Mucous:• trap foreign particles• cilia beat upward to cause coughing to
bring up the foreign material
Respiratory System - Trachea• Cartilage rings
provide rigidity to trachea to keep airways open
An artificial trachea ready for transplantation.
The epiglottis A trap door covering the trachea that causes food and water to bypass it and enter the esophagus instead.
Respiratory System - Bronchi• Bronchi –tubes that carry air into each lung
• Bronchi branch off into smaller tubes called bronchioles
• (Bronchitis is a bacterial infection of the bronchi)
Respiratory System - Alveoli
• Bronchioles end with air sacs called alveoli• Alveoli- thin air sacs surrounded by capillaries
to allow gas exchange with the blood
Gas Concentration
in Alveoli
Concentration
in Blood
Moves from
Moves to
O2 high O2 concentrat
ion
lower O2
concentration
alveolus blood cells
CO2 lower CO2 concentrat
ion
higher CO2 concentrat
ion
blood alveolus
Gas Exchange in the Alveoli
Respiratory System - Lungs• Lungs are papery/spongy tissue due to the
many airways and air sacs.• Lungs inflate/deflate according to the
contraction/relaxationof your diaphragm muscle
Breathing-moving air in and out of lungs
Breathing
INHALATION EXHALATIONdiaphragm Contracts &
lowersRelaxes & raises
Volume of chest cavity
expands shrinks
Air moves Into lungs with higher O2 content
Out of lungs with higher CO2 content
Lungs inflate deflate
Respiratory System in Fish
• Fish use gills for gas exchange• Water with dissolved O2 flows over the gills
• O2 enters the bloodstream and CO2 exits into the water by diffusion
Lots of surface area to facilitate gas exchange.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A