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Order Fullfillment basic (SAP SD)
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Order Fulfillment I part 1 T-SCM60 part 1 of 2:
Process in Sales and Distribution
Monica Radytia Chrismawati
Overview
• Enterprise Structures in SD & Overview of Sales Process
• Master Data in SD
• Sales From Stock – Available
• Sales From Stock – Shortage
• Make-to-Order
• Return and Credit Memo Processing
Sales Order Management
Sales Process in SAP
Presales Sales Order
Outbound Delivery
Transfer Order
(Picking)
Billing (Invoice)
Payment
Customer
Quotation Inquiries VA01 – Create Sales Order Save Doc. Number generated. VL01N – Create Outbound Delivery Save Doc. Number generated. Stock di warehouse belum berkurang. LT03 – Create Transfer Order Save Doc. No. Generated. Stock di warehouse belum berkurang. VL02N – Change Outbound Delivery Posting Good Issue. Stock di warehouse berkurang pada saat posting good issue. Update nilai di balance sheet untuk akun inventory. VF01 – Create Billing document Save Accounting document’s status Cleared
Organizational Units in SD
• Company code Legal entity and independent accounting unit.
Smallest organizational unit in external accounting.
• Sales Area
• Sales Organization
• Distribution Channel
• Division
• Plant
• Storage Location
• Shipping Point
Sales Organization
• Highest organization unit in Sales.
• Sales Org. is assigned to exactly a Company Code (CC).
• Sales Org. is assigned to one or more plants.
• The function of sales organization:
Determine responsibilities for:
• pricing structure, strategic to distribute goods & services, terms of
sales (sales condition), product claim, guarantee.
Sales Organization
• Relationship with Company Code: • CC : S. Org = 1 : N
• S. Org : CC = 1 : 1
• The reasons why it is possible to have more than one
Sales Org. :
• Different legal responsibilities to distribute different products lines
separately. Eg: medicine & veterinary medicine.
• Separated sales activities of different enterprise areas (marketing &
distribution purposes). Eg: domestic & export market.
• etc
Sales Org.
vs Sales
Area
• Sales Org. is a member of sales area.
• Sales org. together with distribution channel, and division create a sales area.
• Sales area represents geographical aspect of the particular company code, from there we can generate the reports.
• All SD documents belongs to sales area.
• In Sales Area there are sales office, sales group, and sales people to represent the representative office of sales.
Plant in SD
• Represents the location from which material (stocks) and services are
distributed.
• A plant must be uniquely assigned to a company code.
• It is possible that a plan belongs to different company code (inter-
company sales / cross-company sales).
• Sales Org. : Plant = N : N
• The plant is essential for determining the shipping point.
• Sales org. is assigned to plant through distribution channel.
Delivering Plant
• A plant to deliver goods to customers.
• Verify the stocks and later supply the goods the customers has ordered.
• A plant can be assigned to several distribution chains (distribution channel) as a delivering plan.
• Delivering Plant:
• Sales org. + distribution channel = delivering plant
Shipping
• Shipping Process:
• Outbound delivery
• Picking (Transfer Order)
• Packing
• Posting Goods Issue
• Shipping point is the highest organization unit of shipping.
• Shipping point is assigned at plant level.
• Plant : Shipping Point = N : N
Outbound Delivery
• Shipping Point : Outbound Delivery = 1 : N,
prerequisite:
• Shipping Point
• Due Date
• Ship-to address
same
Billing
Master Data in SD
SD Master Data
Material
Cust/
Material Info
Output Customer
Condition
- General Data - Company Code Data - Sales Area Data
- Prices - Discount - Freight/Incoter
ms - Taxes
- Cross reference material number
Customer Master Data
Mandatory fields:
- Account group (specific partner function)
- Cust. No
- Company code
- Sales Area (Sales Org/Dist. Channel/Division)
- General Data (last name, search term, city, country)
- To be used in all org. unit within a client.
- Company Code Data (Reconciliation account (G/L))
- To be used in accounting.
- Sales Area Data:
- Billing doc: Tax Classification
- Partner Function (Sold-to-party, Bill-to-party, Ship-to-party, Payer)
Customer Master Data
cont’d
The function to define Sales Area (Sales Org., Dist. Channel, &
Division) when creating customer master:
- Defined payment terms for each customer based on product sold
- Defined condition master
- Classified customers based on products sold to them.
- Make it possible to assign a customer to different sales area.
Customer - Material Info
Master Data
• Mapping customer’s defined material with code material
belongs to company.
• Mapping default value for delivering plant, delivery
priority, min. order, partial delivery to specific customer.
• E.g:
• Sampoerna A Mild T1002
• Customer X can only be served by delivering plant 1000.
Condition Master Data
• Prices
• Surcharges / Discount
• Freights (incoterms: CRF, CIF, FOB, etc)
• Taxes
Condition Master Data
Automatic Pricing
Sales Document Types
• Standard Order
• Cash Sales
• Rush Order
• Free-of-charge delivery
• Returns
• Consignment Fill-Up
• Credit/Debit Request
SO vs Cash Sales vs Rush Order
Standard Order Cash Sales Rush Order
Delivery & invoice on a fixed date
Delivery + invoice immediately
Delivery immediately, invoice later
Normal order Billing related Delivery related
Relevant for availability check.
Not relevant for availability check as you will be picking the goods directly.
Relevant for availability check.
Relevant for credit management
Not relevant for credit management
Relevant for credit management
Cust. Account group: SP Cust. Account group: one time
?
Example: Standard Order Example: buy in supermarket
Example: Delivery is made on the same day as when the order was created
Availability Check
• Take place on MAD (Material Availability Date)
• Function:
• To check current stock
• Planned inwards movements (PO, PR, etc).
• Forecast outwards movements (existing SO, deliveries, etc).
Backward Scheduling
Backward Scheduling
Requested delivery date - transit time = Goods issue date
Goods issue date - loading time = Loading date
Loading date - transportation lead time = Transportation scheduling
date
Loading date - pick/pack time = Material availability date
Fordward Scheduling
Forward vs Backward
Scheduling
If (MAD + Pick/pack time + Loading Time + Transportation < Req. Dev. Date) {
Backward Scheduling
}else{
Forward Scheduling
}
Delivery can be made if:
• Stocks are available for picking.
• Delivery documents (outbound delivery &
transfer order) already made.
• Req. Delivery Date != Replenishment Lead Time.
Make-to-Order
Materials are not stored in the warehouse
but produced especially for a particular
order.
Item Category
• Provide additional control for sales document.
• System can process a material differently in each sales
document type.
• Item Categories type:
• Standar Item
• Free-of-charge item (inclusive / exlusive free goods)
• Non-stock item
• Text Item
Return & Credit Memo
Processing
• Damaged goods
• Incorrect invoices
• It is made after:
• Created a sales order
• Delivered the goods and billed the customers for the goods
THANK YOU