Review for 4th 9 Weeks

4 Weeks TestUS HISTORY

Important Amendments•19th Amendment- Gave women the right to vote.•13th Amendment- Abolished slavery•14th Amendment- defined citizenship•15th Amendment- expanded voting rights•24th Amendment- eliminated poll taxes•26th Amendment- lowered voting age from 21 to 18

Title IX•Ended discrimination in sports in high school’s and universities for all races and genders.

The Great Society, Title IX & Affirmative Action

•These 3 legislative actions were all meant to provide greater economic opportunities for women, minorities and the poor.

Process of Lobbying Congress

•When lobbying congress people must do the following to get their voices & ideas heard:

◦ Petitioning◦ Speaking to lawmakers◦ Writing to senators◦ Suggesting legislation

Civil Rights Act of 1964•Officially ended discrimination in the work place.

Characteristics of the Civil Rights Era

•Voting rights legislation

•Racial Discrimination

•Leaders who rose to the occasion and became symbol for civil rights.

Civil Rights Organizations•SCLC- Southern Christian Leadership Conference •NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People•CORE- Congress of Racial Equality•BLACK PANTHERS- militant African American group. ONLY GROUP WHO USED VIOLENCE•UFW- United Farm Workers•LULAC- League of United Latin American Citizens•AIM- American Indian Movement

Martin Luther King Jr.•He was the founder of the SCLC

•Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his March on Washington & the “I have a dream” speech because it inspired people by giving them strength.

•He was assassinated in 1968

Betty Friedan•Was the founder of the NOW organization

•She also wrote the Feminine Mystique book

Cesar Chavez•Worked for the rights of the Mexican migrant farm workers.

Chicano Mural Movement•Mexican Americans expressed themselves and their culture through art.

•This led to an increase in awareness of the Mexican American heritage.

Important Court CasesMENDEZ V.

WESTMINSTER

•Challenged racial segregation in the California schools

DELGADO V. BASTROP ISD

•Challenged racial segregation in the Texas schools

Effects of the Cold War•Led to an increase in high tech industries, the development of the Military Industrial Complex and the government also increased Federal Funding for Math and Science Education.

Gulf of Tonkin•the North Vietnamese attacked U.S. Ships in international waters.

•Because of this event, it gave the President the support he needed to declare war.

Silent Majority•Was the idea that the American people supported the presidents policies regarding the war, only that they chose not to vocalize it.

Role of the Media•With all the graphic coverage that was shown on TV, this allowed Americans to form their own opinions on the US involvement in the Vietnam War.

Tinker v. Des Moines•The Supreme Court decided that the Tinkers had the right to wear the armbands because their freedom of expression was protected under the 1st amendment.

Tet Offensive•The North Vietnam soldiers attacked South Vietnam’s coast where there were many American & South Vietnam soldiers were stationed.

Vietnamization•President Richard Nixon developed this idea to get our troops out of the war by putting a greater responsibility for the war on the South Vietnamese.

Wars Powers Act Resolution

•Limited the power of the president to send troops into combat.

OPEC•Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)- was created by the middle east countries that are rich in oil.

•In 1973 OPEC placed an embargo (block of trade) on the US.