REVIEW ASSIGNMENT #2Putting the Constitution into Effect

George Washington

The first President of the United States was George Washington

Washington established the Cabinet – a group of advisors to the President

Secretary of Treasury was Alexander Hamilton

Secretary of State was Thomas Jefferson

Financial Plan Alexander Hamilton’s

financial plan included a National Bank, a protective tariff and an excise (sales) tax on whiskey.

Hamilton’s plan caused controversy.

The Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated that the new government intended to enforce national laws.

After serving two terms of office, Washington did NOT run for a third term as President;

A tradition that was not broken until Franklin Roosevelt - 1940

This led to the passage of the 22nd Amendment which limits the president to two terms

Washington’s Farewell Address Washington

warned of two things:

A. no foreign alliances

B. No political parties

During Washington’s Presidency, the first national debate began between the “strict and “loose” constructionists. How did each group view the Constitution? Give a modern day example of each view.

Strict Constructionist Strict

Constructionist Government can

only do those things that are specifically stated in the Constitution

2nd Amendment Right to bear arms

means allowing people to own guns

Loose Constructionist

Favor looking at the Constitution broadly and allowing it to meet changing times

Modern Example- Patriot Act Social Security

Political Parties Political Parties developed through

custom and tradition The first two parties were the Federalists

led by Alexander Hamilton and the Democratic-Republicans led by Thomas Jefferson

Three Main Ideas of each political party: Federalists 1. strong national

government 2. favored national

bank 3. wealthy and

well-educated men should lead

Dem-Republicans 1. strong state

government 2. opposed the

national bank 3. Common man

should lead

Louisiana Purchase President Jefferson

overcame his strict constructionist views in order to purchase Louisiana which doubled the size of the United States.

Judicial Interpretation Court Case Marbury v.

Madison McCulloch v.

Maryland Gibbons v. Ogden

Decision Established judicial

review Strengthened national

supremacy and the use of the elastic clause

Expanded the power of the national government in commerce

War of 1812 War of 1812 demonstrated that the

United States was becoming a more powerful nation.

Monroe Doctrine In 1823, the Monroe Doctrine was

introduced, which became the foundation of the United States’ foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere. The Monroe Doctrine called for:

An end to European colonization in the Western Hemisphere

NO intervention by Europe in existing nations in the Western Hemisphere