Review 1

Astronomy 150, April 25th 2005

Phase diagrams

• Phase diagrams – describe state of a material• How cold would you have to make this room so that CO2 would be solid?

– Decrease temperature below -78 degrees Celzius• How would you change the conditions of this room so that CO2 could exist

as a liquid?– Increase pressure above 5.1 atm and temperature between -56.5 and -31 C

Vocabulary

• Densities– Water (ice) = 1 g / cm3

– Rocks = 3 g / cm3

– Iron = 8 g / cm3

• Mercury 5.4 g / cm3

– Rocks and iron

• Jupiter 1.3 g / cm3

– NOT made of ice!

• Moment of inertia factor K– Uniform sphere K = 0.4– Mass more concentrated in

the center K < 0.4 planet is differentiated

The Moon

The Moon• Regions:

a) Mareb) Highlands

• Mare– Albedo: low– Age: young (How do we measure age?)– Crater density: low– Main feature: lava flows– Primary rock type: basalt (low albedo)

• Highlands– Albedo: high– Age: old– Crater density: high– Main feature: impact craters– Primary rock type: impact breccias, highland pristine rocks

The Moon

• Impact processes:– Simple impact craters– Complex impact

craters mounds how do they form?

– Impact basins when were they formed?

The Moon

Rocks