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Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Results Presentation
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Stats SA signed an MoU with the Department of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries (DAFF) in April 2018, according to which
1 Stats SA is to conduct a Census of Commercial Agriculture for 2017 (CoCA2017) and publish results at municipal level
2 DAFF is to develop a Farmers’ Register, with special focus on small-holder farmers
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
OBJECTIVES THE CENSUS OF COMMERCIAL AGRICULTUREThe general objective of the 2017 Census of Commercial Agriculture is to collect basic quantitative information on South Africa’s commercial agriculture that is essential for planning, policy formulation, food security, etc.
To generate information on the size, structure & nature of commercial agriculture at industry and municipal level
To provide data to use as benchmarks for and reconciliation of current agricultural statistics
To improve frames (lists of farms) to be used for conducting commercial agriculture sample surveys
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Methodology: Phase (15 October to 14 December 2019)
The questionnaires were completed for the financial year ended on any date between 1 March 2017 and 28 February 2018, according to the usual reporting schedule of the enterprise, with the following exceptions:
Animals on farms as at 30 September 2018
Employment as at 30 June 2018
Land use as at 30 September 2018
REFERENCE PERIOD
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Number of farms
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
40 079 40 122
2007 2017
The total number of farms/ farming units involved in the commercial
agriculture industry in 2017 was 40 122 This was only a slight increase in the number recorded in 2007
Number of farms/ farming units in the commercial
agriculture industry, 2007 and 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Free State was the province with the highest number of farms in 2017
7 951 farms or 19,8% of the national total
5,7%
7,0%
7,6%
7,7%
10,5%
12,0%
12,3%
17,3%
19,8%
GP
MP
LP
KZN
EC
NC
NW
WC
FS
Number of farms/ farming units in the commercial
agriculture industry, by province
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Agricultural activity
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
33,9% 31,1% 21,3% 11,6%
Livestock and mixed farming amounted to 65% of all farms within
commercial agriculture
40 122
LivestockMixed farming
(crops & livestock) HorticultureField cropsServices
2,1%
Number of farms/ farming units in the commercial
agriculture industry, by activity 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Between 2007 and 2017, the number of farms in mixed farming increased by
8,4 percentage points.
Number of farms/ farming units in the commercial
agriculture industry, by industry 2007 and 2017
34,3%
Field crops21,3%
9,5% Horticulture11,6%
33,5%
Livestock33,9%
22,7%
Mixed farming (crops & livestock)
31,1%
Services2,1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
1 22007 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Farming Income
Agricultural income
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
R121 billion R95 billion
R66 billion
R45 billion R6
bill
ion
Total income for farming was R332,8 billionIncome by type of activity in the
commercial agriculture industry, 2017
Services
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
The largest gain in percentage share of income was in horticulture that
increased 2,4 percentage points, from 17,4% in 2007 to 19,8% in 2017
Income of farms/ farming units in the commercial
agriculture industry, by activity 2007 and 2017
13,9%
Field crops13,5%
17,4% Horticulture19,8%
35,9% Livestock36,2%
32,7% Mixed farming (crops & livestock)
28,6%
Services1,9%0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
1 22007 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
5,6%
8,1%9,4%9,7%10,2%
11,6%11,9%
14,1%
19,3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
NCECLPGPKZNMPNWFSWC
Western Cape contributed the most to total income in 2017
R64,3 billion or 19,3%
Number of farms, income and employment in the commercial
agriculture industry by province, as a percentage of total, 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
22,9%
37,0%
38,7%
50,8%
51,7%
52,2%
58,7%
63,9%
72,3%
75,7%
16,6%
16,3%
29,9%
43,3%
31,4%
23,4%
30,2%
7,4%
20,6%
12,3%
60,5%
46,6%
31,4%
5,9%
15,0%
23,9%
8,6%
28,6%
7,0%
12,0%
Limpopo
Western Cape
Northern Cape
Free State
Mpumalanga
South Africa
KwaZulu-Natal
Eastern Cape
North West
Gauteng
Livestock Field crops Horticulture Other
Gauteng’s commercial agricultural industry was highly skewed towards
livestock at 75,7%
Provincial commodity group contribution to gross farming income in the
commercial agriculture industry, 2017
South Africa
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
National field crop income is generated mostly in Free State, while
horticulture income is generated mostly in Limpopo and Western Cape (2017)
National share of income across the provinces. The darker the colour, the larger the share
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
In 2017, the top 10 district municipalities by income contributed R148 billion
to total income (44,5% of total income)
Top 10 district municipalities by income in the
commercial agriculture industry, 2017
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3,3%
3,4%
3,5%
3,5%
3,9%
3,9%
4,1%
5,1%
5,6%
8,2%
10. City of Tshwane (GP)
9. Fezile Dabi (FS)
8. Nkangala (MP)
7. Lejweleputswa (FS)
6. Sarah Baartman (EC)
5. Dr Kenneth Kaunda (NW)
4. West Coast (WC)
3. Thabo Mofutsanyane (FS)
2. Gert Sibande (MP)
1. Cape Winelands (WC)
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Income from various farming activities are concentrated in differing parts of
the country
Field crops HorticultureMixed farming
(crops & livestock)Livestock
Local municipalities by type of activity and income in
the commercial agriculture industry, 2017
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Agricultural employment
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
769 594 757 628
2007 2018
The total number of persons employed in commercial agriculture on 30 June
2018 was 757 628, down from 769 594 in 28 February 2007 (1,6%)
Employment in the commercial agriculture industry, last pay
period ended on or before 28 February 2007 and 30 June 2018
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
11,7%
16,4%
35,9%35,5%
17,6%
21,4%
34,8%
24,5%
2,2%
1 2
Field crops 89 716 p 123 977
Livestock 135 427 p 162 116
Mixed farming
(Crops and Animals)267 966 q 185 863
Horticulture 276 485 q 268 740
2007 2018
Services16 932
2007 2018
Mixed farming showed a 10,3 percentage point decrease in
numbers of employees
Type of Activity by employment
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
The top 10 employment districts accounted for 374 671 employees (49,5% of
total employment). Three of these 10 were in WC, and two were in FS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
89
10
Top 10 district municipalities by employees in the commercial
agriculture industry, 2017
2,5%
3,0%
3,6%
3,9%
3,9%
4,5%
4,8%
5,0%
6,1%
12,3%
10. Umgungundlovu (KZN)
9. Lejweleputswa (FS)
8. Thabo Mofutsanyane (FS)
7. Overberg (WC)
6. Mopani (LP)
5. West Coast (WC)
4. Sarah Baartman (EC)
3. Ehlanzeni (MP)
2. Z F Mgcawu (NC)
1. Cape Winelands (WC)
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
1,9%
2,9%
18,5%
9,7%
67,0%
6,0%
5,1%
26,0%
11,5%
51,4%
46,7%
15,5%
26,7%
4,6%
6,5%
Micro
Micro +
Small
Medium
Large
Large farms made up 6,5% of all farms, but contributed 51,4% to total
employment and 67,0% to total income
Number of farms, income and employment in the commercial
agriculture industry by farm size, as a percentage of the total, 2017
Employment
Income
Number of Farms
Annual income > R22,5 million
R13,5 million to R22,5 million
R2,25 million to R13,5 million
R1,0 million to R2,25 million
Annual income < R1,0 millionMicro: 18 710
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
33,9% 31,1% 21,3% 11,6%
36,2% 28,6% 13,5% 19,8%
21,4% 24,5% 16,4% 35,5%
Despite having only 11,6% of farms, horticulture contributed the greatest to
the employment profile
Farm
sEm
plo
ymen
tIn
com
e
LivestockMixed farming
(crops & livestock) HorticultureField crops Services
Farm type by income, number of farms and employment
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Land use
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
On 30 September 2018, the total land used for commercial agriculture was
46,4 million hectares, 38% of total land area in South Africa
36,5 m ha 7,6 m ha
2,3
m h
a
0 m ha 5 m ha 10 m ha 15 m ha 20 m ha 25 m ha 30 m ha 35 m ha 40 m ha 45 m ha 50 m ha0% 50% 100%
Commercial Grazing LandCommercial Arable Land
Other
m ha = millions of hectares
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
0,7 m
2,5 m
0,4
m
1,1 m
1,0 m
0,9 m
0,5
m0
,4 m
16,4 m
5,2 m
5,3 m
3,5 m
2,7 m
1,2 m
0,9 m
1,2 m
0,2 m
0,2 m
0,0 m
0,1 m
0,7 m
0,4 m
0,3 m
0,4 m
0,1 m
0 5 10 15
NC
FS
EC
NW
WC
MP
KZN
LP
GP
Millions
Land used for commercial agriculture by province
Northern Cape accounted for the largest share of the country’s commercial
agricultural land at 17,2 million hectares, or 37,1%
Arable Grazing Other
m ha = millions of hectares
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Major products
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007
Production: 2017 Change % Change
Maize 7 373 032 10 801 025 p 46%Soya beans 177 765 842 549 p 374%Sunflower seeds 296 524 555 994 p 88%Wheat 1 603 872 1 011 704 q -37%Sugarcane 15 710 713 7 534 550 q -52%
Sugarcane and wheat saw the largest production decreases between 2007
and 2017. There was a large increase in soya bean production (metric tons)
Field crops
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007 Production: 2017 Change % ChangePotatoes 1 445 634 1 975 046 p 37%Onions 278 228 602 611 p 117%Tomatoes 409 550 362 167 q -12%Cabbages 200 330 153 267 q -23%
Onions saw a 117% increase in production between 2007 and 2017
(metric tons)
Vegetables
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007 Production: 2017 Change % ChangeOranges 1 489 071 1 372 238 q -8%Naartjies 69 764 201 618 p 189%Lemons 135 625 388 005 p 186%
Oranges showed a decline relative to some other citrus fruits in production
between 2007 and 2017 (metric tons)
Citrus fruits
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007 Production: 2017 Change % ChangeBananas 238 818 219 572 q -8%Pineapples 120 513 227 667 p 89%
Pineapples saw a 89% increase in production between 2007 and 2017
(metric tons)
Subtropical fruits
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007 Production: 2017 Change % ChangeApples 763 825 907 132 p 19%Pears 338 231 355 882 p 5%Table grapes 429 396 328 177 q -24%Wine grapes 1 083 375 783 298 q -28%
Both table and Wine grapes saw similar declines in production
between 2007 and 2017 (metric tons)
Deciduous fruits and viticulture
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Production: 2007 Production: 2017 Change % ChangeMacadamia nuts 18 312 49 169 p 169%Pecan nuts 3 469 25 349 p 631%
Pecan nuts saw a significant increase with a 631% change in production over
the period between 2007 and 2017 (metric tons)
Tree nuts
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
Field crops Overall Yield
Change in Overalll
Yield Dry land Yield
Change in Dry Land
Yield Irrigated Land Yield
Change in Irrigated
Yield
2007 2017 2007 2017 2007 2017Maize 3,4 5,0 45% 3,1 4,5 47% 6,5 8,6 32%
Wheat 2,8 3,1 9% 2,4 2,4 1% 5,1 4,9 -4%Sunflower seeds 1,2 1,6 27% 1,2 1,6 29% 1,8 2,3 27%
Soya beans 1,7 1,8 8% 1,5 1,7 12% 2,6 3,0 15%Sugarcane 58,7 40,4 -31% 78,0 68,6 -12% 53,0 33,4 -37%
All major field crops were mostly planted under dry land, i.e. their main source of water was rain. Field crops are important for food security, and they account for the largest portion of cultivated land in South Africa
Significant improvements in dryland production per hectare for maize
between 2007 and 2017 (tons per hectare)
Production per hectare (yield)
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
5,3 m
11,1 m
0,9 m
3,5 m
5,7 m
2,1 m
15,0 M 10,0 M 5,0 M 0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0
Cattle
Sheep
Pigs
Millions
5,9 m
8,0 m
1,5 m
3,6 m
3,1 m
2,2 m
NUMBER ON FARM NUMBER SOLD
2007 2007
Number of animals sold and on farm
Compared with 2007, the number of sheep sold in 2017 decreased by 45,4%
(from 5,7 million to 3,1 million).
m = millions
2007
2007
2017
2017
20172018
2007
2018
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
0,17 bn 0,97
0,4 M 0,2 M 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2
Chickens
Billions
0,16 bn 1,10
NUMBER ON FARM NUMBER SOLD
2007
2017
2007
Number of animals sold and on farm
The number of chickens sold increased by 13,8% between 2007 and 2017, but
the number of chickens on farm decreased by 8,0%
bn
bn
bn = billions
20172018
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
2,5%
11,7%
20,0%
44,4%
48,3%
53,7%
60,5%
68,0%
69,8%
70,4%
74,0%
77,7%
Wine grapes
Peaches
Pecan nuts
Apples
Macadamia nuts
Pears
Plums
Naartjies
Table grapes
Oranges
Grapefruit
Lemons
Exported Not exported
Almost 70% of table grapes produced in South Africa are exported,
compared with 2,5% of wine grapes
Percentage of total production from commercial agriculture
Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018
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