Restoring Children’s Outdoor Play

8/14/2019 Restoring Childrens Outdoor Play

1/13

Grund r play r playgrund ar n rly h crcial vnu crad y adul, u hav alway n whrvr

h pcial plac in h wd h cunryid and h vacan pac villag and cii can a childrn n agical

igh anay. Cyr playgrund r playing indr wih vid ga, lara war playcap a h par,

and vn plac whr adul g r nrainn ay calld playgrund. Nw, wih h xplding inr and acin

n ging childrn ac naur, lal uch a naurcap and playcap ar cing r cn. W cann

ring ac uran und childrn h xpaniv wildcap r play njyd y childrn r cnuri u w

can ring ac lil pic naur cpln hir cnprary playhing and nrich hir liv. W can ring ac

pnanu playh dlica danc childhd ha rnghn h ind and dy and nurih h ul.

*Adapd r Fr, J L. A History o Childrens Play and Play Environments: Toward a Contemporary Child Saving Movement.

Ruldg: Nw Yr & Lndn. 2009. www.Ruldg.c

Back to Nature aNdthe emergiNg child

SaviNg movemeNt:

Rorn Clrn Ouoor Ply*

DR. Joe L. FRost

Parr Cnnnial Prr eriu

Univriy txa

C&NN LeadeRshiP WRitiNg seRies

VoLUme oNe: NUmbeR 3

PHoto: JoN beARD
http://www.routledge.com/http://www.routledge.com/


2/13 Children & Nature Network | www.childrenandnature.org

Back to Nature and the Emerging Child Saving Movement

mri y wildrn and arnyard play and daily rc a chl in h ouachia munain Arana during

h Gra Dprin and Wrld War II rain rng and clarly jyul i uilding da in h cr hind

h chl; ching id, uilding r, and playing war in h r ynd h cr; playing hinny and aall in

h claring; caring r h ar anial ha rvd a p, wr c, and r d; nding gardn and aing raw

vgal dircly r h plan; wiing and fhing in h clar, a wing rivr and cr; playing rd wih ral

anial in h arnyard; wring in h fld wih h grwn n during h day and chaing cn dg hrugh h

wd a nigh. Childrn play hrughu hiry wa uch li hirlaivly r, inrwind wih wr, pnanu,and in h playgrund h wildrn, fld, ra, and arnyard. Childrn in cii njyd iilar r

play, u hir playgrund wr h vacan land, par, and urrunding cunryid r ahr. Fllwing Wrld War

II, h chnlgy rvluin uhrd in lviin, cyr y, nw r ranprain, and parn inn n giving

hir childrn advanag hy hlv had id. ovr i, h wring, r-raing child prviu ra wuld

rplacd wih a paprd child, crad and uaind y hvring parn incraingly arul r hir childrn ay

and anxiu au hir achivn in chl and vcain. bh parn wn wr, laving childrn hir cyr

playgrund and gvrnn-ipd,

incraingly rigid and illgical andard r

chl. th X and Y gnrain gav way

h XXL gnrain, a udr play and play

nvirnn wr aandnd, jun d

ca a ajr urc nuriin and

unanc, fn lvl dclind, wai lin

gan ar, and rar childhd dia

rgd and uliplid. thrughu hi rapid

raniin, ag-ld radiin play wr

hr-circuid and h cnqunc r

childrn halh and dvlpn wr rapid

and xniv. excp undr inuralcndiin pvry, au and diar,

aciv, udr play prvaild hrughu hiry

and childrn playd udr and ndd wih

naurunil now.

PHoto: sUsAN sHAFeR, NYsDeC




the diSappearaNce of

outdoor play

Nw, during h hr pan hr r ur dcad, cnuri-ld rd play ha vlvd in a play and play

nvirnn crii ha hran h halh, fn and wlar childrn. A h Gra Gnrain gav way h

chnlgy rvluin and xc grwing aunc, childrn play and play nvirnn changd in raral

way. schl y acr Arica jind h ruh vr-parning and vr-anagn and rducd r dld

rc, rricd phyical ducain, drilld childrn incanly n andardizd , and urhr inrrd wih hir

halh and dvlpn wih caria di jun d and ugar drin. Grwing nur chl prhii rugh

and ul, cha, ddg all, and hr ga allwing phyical cnac, and prhii running n h playgrund.exciv ay andard and hra lawui rplac adul vrigh and any childrn grw prgrivly wa and

ail dvlp h phyical and cgniiv ill prc hlv again injury. All hi ay prv nly h ip

h icrg, a nurcini and hr chlar cninu uncvr h dlriu c r, udr play

dprivain n childrn larning, and n hir cgniiv, cial and inal dvlpn.

PHoto: JoN beARD




the coNSequeNceS of diScoNNect from

outdoor play aNd Nature

th cnqunc n playing udr, h diinuin rc, and h aandnn udr play in chl,

nighrhd and naural ara ar undanal iu in a grwing crii ruling in riu halh c and

pnially diinihing li pan h prn gnrain. th canari in h cal in, ignaling hi crii, wr h

incra in childhd iy vn r h urn h prn cnury, characrizd y arly ignal phyilgical

and pychlgical dirdr. br h nd h fr dcad h 21 cnury, rapid n iy, childhd

dia, circulary dia, ric, ay livr dia, and childhd dprin had nrd h cn, giving h halh

crii grwing characriic a pandic. Parn and achr wr acd wih h dila childrn dvlping

cancr r uch unligh and ric r lil. th childrn nir indurializd nain, pcially in h

Unid sa, ar ling hir naural udr grund r play and rging hw ngag in r, pnanu udr

play and culur-nhancing radiinal ga.

th cnqunc udr play and naur dprivain ar aggring in hir cp and inniy and cnundd y

alancd di a ugar drin in n hand and ci in h hr. scini wh udy h anial and huan play

and udr playcap n lngr viw h a nn-nial u ipran r urvival, adapain, and wll-ing. Play

and larning ar uually uppriv and ncary r a halhy childhd and a cpn adulhd. oudr play

dprivain can aciad wih phyical and inal illn, dprin, vilnc, diinihd ipul cnrl,

addiciv prdilcin, rducd chl achivn, and cial anralii. th wr nurcini hw ha play

uild rain and play dprivain can chang h rain in raraly daaging way.

th nf udr nvirnn and naur xprinc ar raral and xniv. th includ: innr

pac, r rducin, fn, haling, nal halh, and craiviy; phyical, inal and inllcual dvlpn;

nding wih naur, apprciain r naur, and highnd n auy. Unrucurd xprinc in naur ar

r nfcial han rucurd xprinc and h nf ar univral acr culural and ggraphic ara. Rarch

cncluin r udi h nf play and xprinc in naur and h cnqunc hir l ar iilar in

any rpc, raiing iu au h rlaiv cnriuin h activityand h cnx r environmentsha ar y

xnivly xplrd. Vluinu vidnc ugg ha udr play dprivain cnriu iy and, vr

i, h cial and phyical c iy cnriu, in circular ahin, play dprivain. A h child grw

prgrivly wa in rlain wigh, and dxriy and cializain ailii dclin r ail dvlp, h r h ay

wihdraw r rying and wandr ailly during rc and nighrhd play, aviding rnuu aciviy and ing

anin and au hrugh ullying r hlping allr childrn. many Arican hav nvr appard undrand ha

ingly rivlu, incnqunial childrn play i an inna, ilgical qualiy, and i xprin i nial halhy

dvlpn in h anial and huan. bh play dprivain and naur dprivain xac riu cnqunc n

childrn dvlpn, halh, and wll-ing. siilarly, h pnanu play and xprinc in naur ar dply

rd in hiry and culur and a grwing array vidnc lin ilgy hi riuvira.




the effectS of poverty

th crii in play, fn, and halhli hr cri in h paha inrdina c acr cicnic and culural

cnx. I xnd ynd r diinuin udr play and play nvirnn and ncpa pa ailur

prvid qual ppruniy all childrn, pcially h pr. Indd, h luin xnd ar ynd h prviin

playgrund, par, and rc ncpa a hi in cial valu and, cnqunly, a changd culur childhd.

In pa cnuri, h prl iy and pr phyical fn wr priarily n ang h aricracy r uppr

cla. th pr, vn childrn, ngagd in hard anual lar, and hir d wa liid and ca dircly r h land.

Nw h di h pr ar ypically carhydra and calri rich, and hy ur h a a a hr childrn ycnfnn hir indr cyr playgrund. Cnqunly, cunii high in pvry and lw in ducainal

lvl hav h high ra iy and h pr fn lvl.

Ppular liraur ll u ha any id ar vr-indulgd y hvring, hlicpr parn, and ha i ru, paricularly in

iddl and uppr inc aili. Hwvr, hvring i n cn ang pr aili and ingl-parn aili.

many ar rcd y circuanc urvival undr-indulg hir childrn, and h c ay painully viil whn

hir childrn arriv a chl. such dfcinci ar xacrad y xciv high-calri d and pr nuriin. evry

rganizain ha uppr childrn play, uch a undain and nn-prf rganizain, r prvid play and larning

pac, uch a par, childrn uu, and ur cap, can cnidr and ipln way nur ha all

childrn, rich r pr, hav any pprunii r udr play in h uil and naural playcap.

Cupld wih lac play pac and lac uppr, childrn lu and arri ay pnd hir childhd wih lil

r n ppruniy play in clan dir; wi in clar, running ra; har and anial in hir naural haia;

and l h nain waling hrugh adw and wdland n dwy rning, cliing r, uilding r,

and xplring wild plac. th ar h xprinc ha nd childrn h naural wrld, harpn hir n,

inpir a n auy, and uild rging cncp ilgy, glgy, phyic and languag. And hy ar criical

rain-uilding xprinc r cplning h phyical, cial, and cgniiv ill dvlpd in rc, r udr

play, and cpac naur ara in chlyard and nighrhd par.

th pr ur r han hr r h rain-dad viw ha h nly wrhwhil larning i ha clar ull

lary-yd childrn rizing rivia r .




toward a coNtemporary child

SaviNg movemeNt

mr han a cnury ag iigran wr waring in h crwdd lu larg arn cii, and aili r

ailing ar wr jining h in dpra r iprv hir liv hrugh h -ailing pri j in

indury. Dia, hln, hungr, and cri wr rapan; rphan wr vrywhr; and huand aandnd

childrn wr urviving in h r, hani, and ally whil hr ndurd lng hur in acri. th a

dangru plac wr hir play nvirnn. sing h dlriu c n childrn, charial grup, gvrnn,

cncrnd individual, ducar, and church awand h pligh childrn and iniiad a ri rr

cra a Child saving mvn.

s h rr h arly child aving vn wr inrwind y ran cn cnriur and

ladr. thi prid aw h crain h Playgrund Aciain Arica (PAA), h Arican Play and Playgrund

mvn, and rr r u-vn r childrn uu, chl gardn, naur udy, anical gardn,

and ur cap. All h rr ndurd in r h prn i and ar nw xpanding, cnvrging,

and cnriuing h rluin h prn crii in childrn play, fn, and halh.

thr ar crain cn hrad ang h philphi and wr any h wrld prinn philphr

and chlar hrughu arlir hirical ra and h r rcn rarch lading chlar acr h haviral

cinc. Dpi h paag cnuri, any h ln drawn u hr ar ill widly ignrd in Arican chl

and in Arican playgrundpcifcally h ln ha individual dirnc in childrn ar univral; ha hr ar

ag in childhd ha huld rcgnizd; ha adul can larn uch au child raring and ducain y rving

childrn; ha all h n huld raind; ha dirc xprinc huld play an ipran rl in child raring and

ducain; ha wr and larning huld playul; ha indn huld rul vr punihn; ha jc and vn

u rvd, l, and xprincd, in cncr r; ha chl huld child cnrd; and ha play, phyical

aciviy and xprinc in naur ar nial r h halh and dvlpn childrn. th ar ln rgn r

y larnd y h rpnil r cnprary acin and plici ha rduc rc, playcap and r,

pnanu udr play in naur.

PHoto: kAtHLeeN DIAmoND




our prn play and naur crii i ar r xniv and cplx han h crii in ciy lu a cnury ag, y

during hi fr dcad h 21 cnury, a lwly grwing rc parn, prinal rganizain, lcal, a, and

nainal gvrnn agnci, and chl and par y ar jining rc ca h diliaing cnqunc

play dprivain and h diapparanc naural nvirnn r play. th naur and cp childrn play and

h qualiy and availailiy hir play nvirnn hav gn ull circl r naur and iprviain and ac a

rapidly rging cu n naur. A uch-ndd cnprary child aving vn i rging, and unprcdnd

nrgy i dircd aving childrn r, pnanu udr play, rc, and naural and uil play nvirnn.thi vn rcgniz h nd r a rand ingrain chnlgy and naur in childrn play and wr liv.

many ill aainal hrugh playing wih cyr y and carully lcd play quipn ar nfcial r child

dvlpn, fn, and ucc in a drn, chnlgical, uran rind ag. I i alanca naural alancha

childrn nd in hir play and in hir grund r play.

I rcnly andd an vrw crwd fcial and ladr lcal, a, and nainal agnci and rganizain

wring wih h Childrn and Naur Nwr (C&NN) rula plan r caing any acr undrlying h

prn halh and fn criinighrhd unrindly childrn play; l naur and udr play and wr;

rgind, ad chling; arul, hvring parn; diinuin chl play, rc and phyical ducain;

and xciv ay andard and hra playgrund injury lawui. such gahring ar grwing in rquncy a

Nrh Arican and hr hrughu h wrld ar incraingly ing h c play dprivain in rval,

aural chang in naural and uil nvirnn and pprunii r childrn play and larning. Arican

vnually rpnd and rlv ajr cri, u nly ar h cnqunc gin hran hir pc, hir

curiy, and vnually hir childrn.

All hi culd iprvd and hand y craing naural pac and aciviy-rindly

nighrhd ha ar a, challnging plac xplr and play, uing a dia

duca h pulic; cuing n rliving pvry; prviding halh and phyical ducain

cla in all chl; rinaing daily rc r lnary chl; and rducingignifcanly h i any childrn pnd in cyr play. W can a ln r luin

pa crilavry and ancipain ruggl and ucc; h pligh childrn

in cii a cnury ag and h arly child aving vn; h Gra Dprin and h

Nw Dal; Wrld War II and h wrld allianc; h aild rpn hurrican karina,

Guav, and I; and h cnic crii xplding in 2008 and cninuing in 2009. th

rluin uch cri rquir pulic awarn h vriy h cnqunc,

hard ladrhip, and lcal, a and nainal and/r inrnainal crdinain.PHoto: JoN beARD

A much-needed contemporary child saving movement is emerging, and,unprecedented energy is directed to saving childrens free, spontaneous

outdoor play, recess, and natural and built play environments.




the poSt-moderN era of play eNviroNmeNtS:

Bck o Nur

Grwing inr in prrving h plan and ging childrn ac naur ar ing indpndnly purrd y Al Gr

(2006) , An Inconvenient Truth, and hi Acady Award winning dcunary y h a il, and Richard Luv

(2005, 2008) -lling , Last Child In the Woods: Saving Our Children rom Nature-Defcit Disorder. bh ar

iulaing a nw awarn and call acin. Whil Al Gr cud n uilding pulic awarn cncrning glal

clia chang, Richard Luv, Chryl Charl, and hr rd h Childrn & Naur Nwr (C&NN) uild an

inrnainal vn rcnnc childrn and naur. by 2009 hy rd grar iniiaiv li-indd ppl

r any diciplin in lcal, nainal and inrnainal ing prvid nw and rarch, l, and a grwingnwr xplary udr play and naur prgra r childrn. In 2006, a handul childrn and naur cllaraiv

wr rd in h U.s. by 2009, r han 60 a and rginal capaign and cuniy-ad, uli-cr

cllaraiv had rd r wr ing ald, and ill wr pad in vral a uppr h ac naur

capaign r childrn. Cnin wih h rnd h iniiaiv, h cp radnd includ rligiu ladr

(piriual wndr naur), h sirra Clu (aving h plan), and h halh car cuniy (h halh cnncin).

In u, h appal i virually univraland rapidly prading. Currn, cprhniv rviw rarch and xniv

nainal and inrnainal nw au wha i nwn and n nwn au h naur dfci and h prad h naur

vn ar availal a www.childrnandnaur.rg. th and any hr piiv chang rcnnc childrn wih

naur ar rging, rd in larg par y C&NN.

Innifd awarn rlainhip wn larning, halh, iy, and huan wll-ing rugh h cncrn

a nainwid and lar, an inrnainal audinc. on April 24, 2006 a an vn a h Nainal Pr Clu, Richard Luv

and Chryl Charl calld r a nainwid capaign Lav N Child Inid and rcnnc childrn and naur.

by Jun 2007, h capaign had n xnivly rprd y h dia hrughu h Unid sa and eurp, and

pulic cnciun and acin had aracd a divr arn ppl wh wr wring ghr n a wid rang

iniiaivwalal cii, aciv-living y dign, ipl living, halh, ciizn cinc, and land ru vn.

A landar vn plac in Wahingn in 2008 whn h N Child L Inid Ac 2007 wa raifd y Cngr.

thi Ac wa uil r vidnc prvidd y h Childrn and Naur Nwr and hr ha u--clar larningi criical r childrn inal, phyical and inllcual halh. Rarch indicad ha h prur r ing ruling

r h N Child L bhind Ac wr daaging childrn achivn, dvlpn, and fn, whil udr

aciviy and fr-hand xprinc in naur can iprv acadic prranc, l , rpniiliy, prnal

halh (including iy), and an undranding naur. th Ac cud n nvirnnal liracy r childrn in

indrgarn hrugh 12h grad, raining r hir achr, and ducain hlp ca clia chang and prrv

h nvirnn.




Ciy id in cnfnd chl and nighrhd, pcially h in lu and arri, cann an h wildrn

rgularly, u hughul, innvaiv adul can ring xciing chun naur ciy chl, nighrhd, and par.

s playgrund plannr ar ding ju ha y hlping child car cnr, par, and chl ruild hir ar, fxd

par and playgrund and ingraing naur in liid pac. ovr a n-yar prid, Rin mr and Hr Wng

(1997) ranrd an aphal chlyard playgrund in a nauralizd nvirnn r nvirnnal yard. thir

rarch and wr wih childrn ar a prund xprin h valu play and naural haia and a pwrul

xapl qualiaiv rarch. Nuru hr prinal lnd hir rarch and xprinc in ranring ril,fxd playgrund in ingrad play-yard auring arial and naural nvirnn ha accda a wid

rang dvlpnal nd.

th Univriy txa Play and Play envirnn Rarch Prjc (Fr et al., 1979, 2004, 2008) ha prad

cninuuly r r han hr dcad a Rdr Luhran Church, nrlling 500 childrn in Auin, txa. thi

rarch i aur hr play nvirnn wih h anuacurd and cnrivd quipn accda variu

r and lvl play, ga, vgal and hr gardn, ury gardn, gaz, grnhu, and anial haia.

th ury gardn wa crifd a a schlyard Haia y h Nainal Wildli Fdrain. th vrall nvirnn

i a cinc larary, a plac r rlaxain and rcin, a challnging playgrund r a wid rang childrn play,

and a i r chlarly rarch y univriy udn and prr. th ppular naural ara i a hal-acr

wland crad r a rnin pnd xnivly r-ahind c a wildrn wndrland. on h childrn

acinaly dud i h land dwn undr, a na ha ha n adpd y h nir chl. In h Rdr

playcap and wildcap, pnanu play and hand-n wr lnd in n ingrad, udr cpndiu

phyical, cial, and inllcual aciviy wih all h accpanying un and larning. Rc and phyical ducain

ar availal vry day, and h caria

aur a alad ar and rganic d,

r h chl gardn. th vrwigh

and iy ra i vry lw in a a whr

h vrall ra r childrn i 19 prcn.

PHoto: bob ALWItt




thr ar h lin and dirnc in h dvlpnal valu ypical uil play nvirnn, chlyard

haia r gardn, and naural playcap. sudying and wring in naural nvirnn ar cplnary h

phyical acivii playing in uil play yard. Childrn nd h naur udy and r, pnanu play in and n

phyically challnging play pac and quipn. schlyard gardning and naur udy prvid halhy phyical aciviy

and uild nwldg. Playgrund apparau uild rachiaing ill in ravring vrhad apparau, winging, running,

liding, chaing, hrwing, caching, cliing, and playing radiinal ga, n radily availal in chl gardn

and naur ara. In ing, h naural and uil play ara ar ndd r h fn and halhy dvlpn childrn.

Ciy ar, i ingrad wih advnur playgrund, ar grwing in ppulariy in any rgin h wrld.

th eurpan Fdrain Ciy Far ar nvirnnal and agriculural prjc whr childrn and adul wr, play,

and larn au h naural nvirnn and i inr-rlainhip wih plan and anial. th ciy ar ard in h

1970 and ruld r h dir ppl all vr eurp cunr h alinain ppl r naur. Prnly,

hr ar igh ciy ar drain in eurp, and hy ar prading arund h wrld. th gardning vn i

xpanding in Arica wih cuniy gardn ing xpandd and h and chl gardn cing r ppular,

parly cau rapidly riing d pric, u al du cncrn au h pnial halh cnqunc prcd

d and addiiv, and h nd r childrn dvlp h cial, inal, inllcual, and phyical ill ruling r

gardning. Frunaly, gardn d n rquir xniv pac and can ingrad in chl yard, playgrund,

acyard, vacan l, and ciy par.

th u wh playd in h wildrn a childrn naurally rc au ur rd ra h hill and vally,

xplr h r plac, larn h way anial and avr h dligh naur, and w yarn r a rurn uch

aw-inpiring xprinc. W will n parn uddnly urning hir childrn l, unuprvid, in uch wild

plac, vn i hy wr radily availal. Unrunaly, hy ar n availal r childrn du uranizain,

priva wnrhip, and rn r nighrhd. In January 2008, a txa landwnr prayd childrn playing in

a pulic cr nar hi prpry wih hgun pll. Furhr, han nainal, rpiiu rpring y h diaau child aducin, injuri, and hr pil calaii, parn n lngr allw hir childrn vnur ar r

h, in any inanc, vn wihin hir wn nighrhd.

In most settings, both natural and built play areas are needed forthe fitness and healthy development of children.




thr i n quic fx r agic ull r rlving h play, fn, and halh crii r Arican childrn. th

apprach u ulipl, crdinad, and prvniv in naur. thy u xpaniv in cp, aing n

h characriic a marhall Plan r a mn sh, r h arly 20h cnury child aving vn. Frunaly, any

h innvaiv apprach r aving childrn, iniiad during ha vn, cninud and ar xpanding during h

arly 21 cnury. W nd rganiz cunii; rhin and ruild nighrhd ha a i ay wal r,

par, playgrund, and chland invi variu r lcinwaling, jgging, iing. W nd cin

h nciy r xprinc in naur and phyical aciviy wih h grning Arica and prcing h plan rglal waring.

only h rar crii and aln, unacd y r rlv anhr. W u g ppl inal in a piiv n

au aving play and naural play nvirnn r prn and uur gnrain, and call n pliician, rganizain,

agnci, and vlunr grup dvlp nainal and lcal plici ha dircly r indircly hlp rlv h cri

acing childrn. many hav ard, and r ar jining h vlving vn a an unprcdnd ra. on march 4,

2009, Grdn brwn, Pri minir h U.k., addrd h U.s. Cngr au h wrldwid cnic crii, aing

ha h had nvr r n a wrld rady c ghr a nw rluin.

th ln r ucc and ailur in daling wih cri

hrughu Arica hiry p ridal challng r rlving

ur cplx, inrrlad, huan-ad play, play nvirnn,

fn, and halh crii. Having n h hiry h diinuin

play and play nvirnn, and h changing culur childhd, and

alr h cnqunc, w u hlp childrn rdicvr radiinal

r, craiv, udr play and rc, and hir wild, naural playcap.

th uur ur rlv i whhr w c ghr, a did

ur cunrpar a cnury ag, r a child aving vn

rcu childrn in h rgn r and lu cii, h arri rdr wn, and h ravag li in any u--h-way rgin

ur uhrn unain. W u r all childrn and achr r

h illgical rigr -ad chl curricula and ilad cyr

playgrund, rla h play, and larn prrv hir naural

play and larning nvirnn. Arican ar cing ghr

u w ar n y rady danc in h nd zn cau w rg

aily h ln hiry.

PHoto: JoN beARD

We must help children rediscover traditional free, creative, outdoor playand recess, and their wild, natural playscapes.




Charl, C., et al. 2009. Children and Nature 2009: A Report on the Movement to Reconnect Children and the Natural World.

sana F: Childrn & Naur Nwr.

Childrn & Naur Nwr. 2009. Research and Studies, Volumes I IV.

www.childrnandnaur.rg.

Fr, J.L., & klin, b.L. 1979. Childrens Play and Playgrounds. bn: Allyn & bacn.

Fr, J.L., brwn, P.s., sury, J. A., & thrnn, C. D. 2004.The Developmental Benefts o Playgrounds.

olny, mD: Aciain r Childhd educain Inrnainal.

Fr, J.L., Wrha, s. C., & Ril, s. 2008. Play and Child Development.

Cluu, oH: mrrill Prnic-Hall.

Fr, J.L. 2009. A History o Childrens Play and Play Environments: Toward a Contemporary Child Saving Movement.

Nw Yr and Lndn: Ruldg.

Gr, A. 2006. An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency o Global Warming and What We Can Do About It.

Nw Yr: Rdal.

Luv, R. 2008. Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children rom Nature-Defcit Disorder.

Chapl Hill: Algnquin Pr.

mr, R., and H. Wng. 1997. Natural Learning: The Lie History o an Environmental Schoolyard.

brly: mIG Cunicain.

Joe Frost, Ed.D., L.H.D., Parker Centennial Proessor Emeritus, University o Texas, has lectured throughout Europe,

Asia, and North America and is currently writing articles and books, lecturing at proessional conerences, directing a

three-decades-running research program on childrens play and play environments, and serving as a volunteer to

not-or-proft child care organizations. His most recent books areth Dvlpnal bnf Playgrund (withPei San Brown, John Sutterby, & Candra Thornton);Play and Child Dvlpn (third edition, with Sue Wortham &

Stuart Reiel); andA Hiry Childrn Play and Play envirnn: tward a Cnprary Child saving mvn,

resulting rom a our-year research and review o hundreds o out-o-print books, historical documents, and current

publications on childrens play. He served as President o the International Play Association (USA) and President o the

Association or Childhood Education International (ACEI) and has received numerous awards, including the Patty Smith

Hill Award by ACEI, and the Great Friend to Kids Award by the Association or Childrens Museums.

refereNceS:
http://www.childrenandnature.org/http://www.childrenandnature.org/


13/13

th iin h Childrn & Naur Nwr (C&NN) i uild a

vn rcnnc childrn and naur. th priary gal h

C&NN i achiv yic chang vry child, vry yar, vry

day, will hav h ppruniy dircly xprinc cnac wih

naur. Rarch indica ha childrn wh xplr, larn, and play

uid n a rgular ai ar halhir, happir, arr, r

cpraiv, r craiv and r ulflld. thir wll-ing i

nhancd whil hy dvlp a n plac and nd wih aily,

cuniy and hir nvirnn. C&NN uild awarn, prvid

acc a--h ar rurc, uppr h grar wih

l and ragi, dvlp pulicain and ducainal arial,

ynhiz h availal rarch, and ncurag cllarain

hal h rn nd wn childrn and naur. sinc ur

unding in 2006, C&NN ha rd grar iniiaiv in r

han 50 cii, a and nain. our ggraphic rach i inrnainal,

ginning prdinanly in h Unid sa and Canada. N hr

rganizain r uch a cprhniv, nn-parian, uli-cr

apprach cing cial chang rcnnc childrn and naur.

Clrn & Nur Nwork

Bor of drcor

Richard Luv, Chairman

Chryl Charl, Ph.D., President and CEO

marin Lblanc, Vice President

marha Farrll ericn, Ph.D., Secretary

brhr Yuu burg, Member

sphn R. kllr, Ph.D., Member

Ay Prchu, Managing Director

Juan marinz, Natural Leaders

Network Coordinator

sara s. Anin, Senior Writer and

Switzer Fellow

by twnnd, Chair,

C&NN Grassroots Leadership Team

For onl nformon,

pl conc u :

Childrn & Naur Nwr

7 Avnida Via Grand b-7, #502

sana F, Nm 87508

www.childrnandnaur.rg

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Documents

Restoring Children’s Outdoor Play