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Resize Partition and Filesystem with fdisk &resize2fs

! on November 27 | " in All Posts, CentOS, FileSystem | # byMitch | $ with 3 Comments

There was a question in my post on Linux partitioning with fdisk onCentOS 6. Our reader asked if it is possible to extend an existinglinux non LVM partition without loosing its data here is a post onhow to resize partition and filesystem with fdisk and resize2fs.

IMPORTANT: In order to resize partition (extend), enough diskspace must be available! We can not extend a partition if there are nofree sectors/cylinders at the end of the partition to extend!

PLEASE BACKUP YOUR DATA BEFORE RESIZING ANYPARTITION! GeekPeek.Net is not responsible for any data loss!

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Resize Partition and Filesystem with fdiskand resize2fs

Lets Resize Partition and Filesystemwith fdisk and resize2fs!

Our system has two disks:

/dev/sda 16GB system disk with LVM partitions (root andswap)/dev/sdb 1GB clean disk for tutorial purpose

For the start of this tutorial tutorial we have created one partition on/dev/sdb disk. Partition size (/dev/sdb1) is 500MB. We created anext4 filesystem on this partition and put some dummy data on it. Wewill be modifying our partitions with fdisk and filesystem withresize2fs.

For more information on how to create and modify partitions withfdisk read Linux partitioning with fdisk on CentOS 6.

Extend Partition and Filesystem

Before we start, lets check the current disk configuration. Geekpeekmount point is the partition we want to extend. We can see that thepartition has 494MB of available space and 401MB is already used bydummy data. We want to extend the partition to 1GB:

[root@foo1 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_foo-LogVol01

13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /

tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot

/dev/sdb1 494M 402M 67M 86% /geekpeek

1. Unmount the partition

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Recent Comments

aliosha says: Hello Mtch:Thanks so much for thetutorial. I have a question;keeps complaining "Badmagic num...

Mitch says: Hi c1c3ru, you

[root@foo1 ~]# umount /geekpeek/




13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /


/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot

2. Delete the partition

[root@foo1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 1

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x2dbb9f13

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

should install daemonpackage: apt-get installdaemon. Regards, Mitch...

Sahil says: Hi Mitch , Thankyou very much for overviewand installtion for space walk,I want to learn more ab...

Bob says: Hi Alex, s tftp-server package installed? canyou run the following tocheck: # rpm -qi tftp-serv...

c1c3ru says: hi! thanks forsharing your knowledge,butnow in test is show:/usr/local/nagios/nagios-4.0.2# serv...

3. Create a new (larger) partition





Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First sector (2048-2097151, default 2048):

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2097151, default 2097151):




255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes





/dev/sdb1 2048 2097151 1047552 83 Linux




We are able to mount the partition at this point, but the filesystem onthis partition is only 500MB large. We need to resize the filesystemusing resize2fs command in the following steps.

4. Run fsck on your filesystem

[root@foo1 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1

e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/sdb1: 16/130560 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 426988/522080 blocks

5. Resize your filesystem with resize2fs

[root@foo1 ~]# resize2fs /dev/sdb1

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb1 to 1044192 (1k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/sdb1 is now 1044192 blocks long.

6. Re-mount extended partition

[root@foo1 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /geekpeek/




13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /


/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot


Voila! The partition was successfully extended, as we can see all of thedata survived! Always remember to resize the filesystem with

resize2fs.

Reduce a Partition and Filesystem

Reviewing the current disk configuration: Geekpeek mount point is thepartition we want to reduce. We can see that the partition has 988MBof available space and 324MB is used by dummy data. We want toreduce the partition to 400MB without loosing data:




13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /


/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot


1. Unmount the partition

[root@foo1 ~]# umount /geekpeek/




13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /


/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot

2. Run fsck on your filesystem

[root@foo1 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1

e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/sdb1: 15/261120 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 363953/1044192 blocks

3. Resize the filesystem with resize2fs

[root@foo1 ~]# resize2fs /dev/sdb1 400M

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb1 to 409600 (1k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/sdb1 is now 409600 blocks long.

4. Delete the partition





Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 1



255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes








Syncing disks.

4. Create a new (smaller) partition





Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-130, default 1):


Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130): +400M



255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes





/dev/sdb1 1 52 417658+ 83 Linux




Syncing disks.

5. Mount the new partition and filesystem

TweetTweet 1 0

[root@foo1 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /geekpeek/




13G 4.6G 7.7G 38% /


/dev/sda1 485M 105M 355M 23% /boot


Voila! The partition was successfully reduced to 400MB, as we can seeall of the data survived! Always remember to resize the filesystemwith resize2fs.

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About the Author: Mitch

I am an Open Source enthusiast and Red Hat Certified LinuxProfessional. I have been working professionally with Linux and OpenSource Software for over 7 years. I started GeekPeek.Net to share mylinux knowledge with you.

3 Responses

1. dan says:April 26, 2014 at 1:28 am

Hi Mitch,Nice comprehensive, precise guide for onine-resizing!This is exactly what i was searching for.Have your site bookmarked now.

I am deeply open-source interested as well, but its more ahobby of mine.Do you have a tipp for a good start into linux serveradministration perhaps? (and a recommendation for a suitabledistro as well)

Thanks in advance, dan

Reply

Mitch says:May 3, 2014 at 8:19 am

Hi Dan! Nice to hear from another open sourceenthusiast Where to start? It all depends what youwant from it. To work with linux professionally red hatclassess and certifications are the best. You learneverything from fundamentals up and it is really intense!As far as distributions go, i prefer red hat and centosover ubuntu. It is in the end your choice to make.Regards, Mitch

Reply

2. aliosha says:June 10, 2014 at 5:29 pm

Hello Mtch:Thanks so much for the tutorial.I have a question; keeps complaining Bad magic number insuper-block while trying to open /dev/sdb1. The superblockcould not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem... after creates the new partition. We tried with thealternative superblock provided by mke2fs -n /dev/sdb1 withthe same luck.Do you have any idea of what may be wrong?-aliosha

Reply

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