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ResiliencyResiliencyFostering Resiliency as Educators
Joseph A. Johnson
Rory W. Hughes
ResiliencyResiliency
Resilience is essentially defined by a class of phenomena characterized by patterns of positive adaptation in the context of significant adversity or risk ( Masten, Reed 2003).
Resilient individuals can be characterized by the developmental tasks they acquire and demonstrate in the face of risk or adversity
ResilienceResilience
Stories of heroic survival often include “exceptional” or “extraordinary” talents
As resilience pertains to our discussion, it can refer to those who function in a normative range but have overcome “extraordinary” obstacles
Risk and Risk FactorsRisk and Risk Factors
Risk factors are what is known as situation or circumstances which predict negative future outcomes on specific outcome criterion ( Masten, Reed 2003 ).
Risk factors include– Poverty– Teenage motherhood– Loss of parent(s), illness– Divorce, maltreatment
Protective FactorsProtective Factors
Protective Factors which help to bolster resiliency in students include:
IndividualRelationshipsCommunityCultural
Common denominators of Common denominators of resilient adolescentsresilient adolescents
Primary factors in resilient adolescents include: (1) social competence, seeking help and positive
response from adults (2) problem solving skills and confidence in one’s
ability (3) autonomy (4) and a sense of purpose and belief in the future
( Patterson, J.H. 2001 ).
Promoting Resilience in Promoting Resilience in School ClimateSchool Climate
School environment and support system is paramount to fostering resiliency ( Krovetz 2003 )
High expectations and appropriate infrastructure– Tutoring centers– Extended teacher availability
MotivationMotivation
Prosocial development, the ability to make friends and be well received socially, is of primary importance (Wentzel, 1994).
Considering Maslow’s pyramid, social needs precedes self esteem and self-actualization
amount of time students spent on their homework (effort) depended on the degree to which they endorsed socially responsible goals ( Convington, 2000).
Self-efficacySelf-efficacy
Self efficacy is instrumental in the individual category of resiliency
Four factors contribute to self efficacy– task performance– vicarious experience– verbal persuasion – physiological state ( Omrod, 2003 ).
Strategies for Improving Self Strategies for Improving Self EfficacyEfficacy
Types of task; assigning tasks that can be completed and improve confidence build momentum vs. “challenging”
Choice creates engagement, when missing leads to resistance ( Allington&Johnson2001 )
Modeling and Verbal persuasion ( Margolis 2006)