Residential Land Use Residential Land Use and Population and Population

DensitiesDensities

By: Alexis Smallwood, By: Alexis Smallwood, Taylor Poling, Jordan Taylor Poling, Jordan

Butts, Meghan Hissam, Butts, Meghan Hissam, Tia LeMasterTia LeMaster

Mill Creek of Opequon Creek Mill Creek of Opequon Creek DataData

Chemical conditions Result Units

Temperature (C/F) 5.5 C

pH 7.5  

Conductivity 680 us

Dissolved Oxygen 10 ppm

Nitrate/Nitrite 0 ppm

Alkalinity 275 ppm

Turbidity 0 JTU

Bacteria (Fecal/E-coli) na na

Phosphate 1 ppm    

Physical conditions

Run width (ft) na Riffle width (ft) 5.0'

Run depth (ft) na Rifffle depth (ft) .43'

Discharge (cfs) 5.5 Streambed color brown

Water level normal Surface foam slight

Water clarity clear Algae color light gr / br

Water color none Algae abundance moderate

Water odor none Algae texture even coating

Sediment odor na Channel shade fair: 60 -40% shaded  

Left Right

Sediment Deposition 4 Bank Stability 3 3

Embeddedness 6Riparian Buffer

width 1 1

Substrate comp (LG) na Habitat Score: 18

Mill Creek Mill Creek

and Local and Local ResidentiResidential Areasal Areas

Overall, the Mill Creek data that our school collected Overall, the Mill Creek data that our school collected

showed that the stream was considered “healthy.” showed that the stream was considered “healthy.”

The Big Run data that was collected by the TMI The Big Run data that was collected by the TMI

Watershed group showed that their stream was Watershed group showed that their stream was

healthier than the Mill Creek stream. The Big Run healthier than the Mill Creek stream. The Big Run

stream for example had less algae than the Mill Creek stream for example had less algae than the Mill Creek

stream. We believe that the reason the Mill Creek stream. We believe that the reason the Mill Creek

stream isn’t as healthy as the Big Run stream is stream isn’t as healthy as the Big Run stream is

because the Mill Creek area is largely populated because the Mill Creek area is largely populated

compared to the Big Run area.compared to the Big Run area.

April 19, 2010April 19, 2010Free Chlorine- 0.0ppmFree Chlorine- 0.0ppmpH- 8pH- 8Total alkalinity- 0ppmTotal alkalinity- 0ppmTotal chlorine- 0.2ppmTotal chlorine- 0.2ppmTotal hardness- 0ppmTotal hardness- 0ppmNitrates- 0ppmNitrates- 0ppmNitrites- 0ppmNitrites- 0ppmIron- 0ppmIron- 0ppmCopper- 0ppmCopper- 0ppmSulfates- 100ppmSulfates- 100ppmHydrogen Sulfide- Hydrogen Sulfide- 0.2ppm0.2ppmChloride- 400ppmChloride- 400ppmTemp.- 15.0 degrees CTemp.- 15.0 degrees C

April 12,2010April 12,2010Free Chlorine- 0.0ppmFree Chlorine- 0.0ppmpH- 8pH- 8Total alkalinity- 120ppmTotal alkalinity- 120ppmTotal chlorine- 0ppmTotal chlorine- 0ppmTotal hardness- 0ppmTotal hardness- 0ppmNitrates- 0ppmNitrates- 0ppmNitrites- 0ppmNitrites- 0ppmIron- 0ppmIron- 0ppmCopper- 0ppmCopper- 0ppmSulfates- 100ppmSulfates- 100ppmHydrogen Sulfide- 0ppmHydrogen Sulfide- 0ppmChloride- 500ppmChloride- 500ppmTemp- 14.4 degrees CTemp- 14.4 degrees C

Current Data of Musselman High

School

Musselman High School Watershed

Photos

Conclusions of MHS

In conclusion, MHS is like a big house, we have a kitchen, restrooms, and cars. Due to the similar features our school has a negative affect on the water around Musselman High School. This is caused by the waste, water use, trash, any amount of cars. Fortunately, there are many things being done to help our surrounding water such as the green roof and the watershed groups monitoring, cleaning up the trash and planting trees.

(1) slight, (2) moderate, (3) high;

(W) watershed, (M) within ¼ mile, (S) streamside.

Land use Impact Location

single family residences S 3

recreation S 1

paved roads S 2

bridge S 2

Industrial areas W 1

active construction W 2

abandoned mining W 1

logging W 2

pastureland M 1

cropland W 1

sub-urban developments M 1

parking lots S 1

Pipes NOUrban/residential/road impervious areas

2998.1 acres

Examples of land use in this area are restaurants, homes and housing developments, hotels, small businesses, school,

banks, state highways, quarry, supermarkets, parking lots, farms, parks, recreational areas, orchards, etc.

This satellite photograph is the same picture as the previous slide except we

made a few changes. The areas on the map

that are blacked out are areas that have not been

affected by population densities and residential

land use. Things such as construction sites, quarrys, housing developments,

educational facilities, and recreational areas are all dominant land uses in the

local Mill Creek watershed area.

In this My World document, it shows different types of housing

data. It shows the number of housing units for different types of people and different types of homes. It tells us that the total

number of household units in the Mill Creek watershed area is

844,623. 108,142 of these units are vacant homes, 553,699 are owner households, and 182,782

of the units are rental households. We believe that the type of owner’s of the units may affect how well the property is taken care of physically. The conditions of the property can affect local watersheds. For

example, we believe that rental owners are not as considerate of

their property as people who own their property.

• The Opequon Creek covers 97,000 acres of land and the stream runs for 72.42 kilometers (45 miles).

• The Mill Creek watershed has an area of 47.88 square kilometers (29.75 square miles) and runs 23.34 kilometers (14.5 miles) north and east.

• A maximum of 30% of people know about watershed groups.

• Berkeley County population as of 2009 is 99,734 people.

• The local sewage is not treated well enough according to a local court case. This contributes to higher nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the streams.

•As populations increase, the percentage of people that flush expired prescriptions increases. This causes the fish in the streams to mutate and become intersex.

•Since 2004, construction sites clearing over 1 acre of land were required to have an erosion plan to compensate.

ConclusionConclusion

When population densities and new types of When population densities and new types of land use increase, the local watersheds around land use increase, the local watersheds around that area will be affected negatively. There are that area will be affected negatively. There are multiple factors such as whether the new land multiple factors such as whether the new land

uses are constructed of impervious surfaces, the uses are constructed of impervious surfaces, the location of homes, and many other things that location of homes, and many other things that

can affect local watersheds. Due to the 28.49% can affect local watersheds. Due to the 28.49% increase in population since 2000, local increase in population since 2000, local watershed groups (such as the one at watershed groups (such as the one at

Musselman High School) have teamed together Musselman High School) have teamed together to protect our local watershed.to protect our local watershed.

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