PCP Pump

PCP Pump

PCP Completion Schematic

• Prime Mover• Drive Head• Stuffing Box• Rod String• PC Pump• Torque Anchor

PCP Design

Two piece design: Rotor and Stator• Rotor:

- Attached directly to sucker rods- Precision machined high strength steel - Chrome plated for wear resistance- Helical design 1:2 geometry, circular section- Numerous sizes, pitch, eccentricity, diameters, connections- Displacement of PCP is a function of rotor diameter, eccentricity & pitch length

• Stator:- Attached directly to tubing- Steel outer tube with injection moulded rubber (elastomer) bonded internally- Body diameter, length, tubing connections vary from model to model- Elastomer type determined by application, H20, CO2, H2S, sand, aromatics.

• Cavities formed between the rotor and stator move fluid upward in a non-pulsating action

• Pressure builds linearly from the inlet to the discharge of the pump

PCP Selection

Several criteria are important when selecting PCPs:• Flowrate required (BBL/day)• Depth of pump or Lift (in metres of fluid head)• Elastomer (rubber in the stator)• Rotor – Stator fit

Manufacturers:

- Kudu (PCM)

- National Oilwell Varco (Monoflo)

- Weatherford

- RMES Moyno

Progressing Cavity System Application Considerations

Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) System

Vent Box

Motor Control

Pump

Motor

ProductionTubing

Produced Hydrocarbons Out

Flat CableExtension

Intake orRotary gasseparator

Seal Section

ESP System

ESP System Application Consideration

High Volume Excellent Low rates 200-400 BPD, 400 series @ 4-6MBPD; 513,538 @ 10-12MBPD; 562 @ 20-25MBPD

Depth Fair Practically limited by required motor HP and temperature, 10,000’ limit (burst)

Temperature Fair to Good <250° F standard equipment ; < 325° F special motor and cable; Systems running at 400° F

Gas Handling Gas Liquid Ratio GLR andfree gas at the intake

Fair Max Free Gas for Radial - 10-20%; mixed flow - 20-40%; charge pump 50%; >50% RGS. Cannot pump below the bottom perforation due to motor heating (no flow past motor).

Well bore deviation and crooked hole

Fair to Poor Typically 0 to 20° at pump depth; max 90°Build rates typically <5°/100’; max<10°/100’ Stress analysis through build sections. Need straight tangent at pump

Corrosion Fair Upgrade materials and inhibition down annulus. Motor below intake will not obtain inhibition.

Sand Fair Improved materials stages and bearings increase cost, impact RGS. Settling issues during shutdowns – check valve

Viscous oil Good Reduces pump efficiency. @100 cp water efficiency reduced by 50%.

Flexibility match to changing production and use on other wells

Poor Upgrade change if VSD is installed for speed control.

Casing size Avoid 4 1/2” casing. 7” or larger required for high rates. 5.5” casing 4000 BPD, 240HP; > 10000 BPD, 9 5/8”casing

Prime mover electric motor

System efficiency Good to Excellent

38% (< 400 BPD) to 52% (>1000 BPD) for low viscosity. 30% @ 100 cp, 10% @ 1000 cp.

How the ESP Works

Each impeller accelerates the fluid by rotation to a high velocity and the stationary diffuser changes the velocity head to a pressure head.

Multiple stages are required to develop the total pressure differential to produce the well.Diffuser

Impeller

Rod Pumps System

Components of a Sucker Rod Pump

Operation of a Sucker Rod Pump

•

START OF UP

STROKE

SV-open

TV-closed

A A

A

START OF DOWNSTROKE

TV-closed

SV-closed

B B

B

PLUNGER FALLS

THROUGH FLUID

SV-closed

TV-open

CC

C

FLUID LIFTED TOWARD

SURFACE

SV-open

TV-closed

D

D

D

SURFACE CARD

PUMP CARD

START OF UP

STROKE

START OF DOWNSTROKE

Dynamometer Card

Rod Lift System Application Considerations

Downhole Separator