Research Work on Development Processes and Programs of Department of Agriculture – Second Cordillera Highland Agricultural Resource Management Project (CHARMP2)

8/18/2019 Research Work on Development Processes and Programs of Department of Agriculture – Second Cordillera Highla…

1/14

Research Work on Development Process and Programs of

Local Government Units and the Department of Agriculture –

Second Cordillera ighland Agricultural Resource !anagement Pro"ect

#CAR!P$%

A term paper to &e su&mitted in

partial ful'lment of the

re(uirements for the su&"ect

Political Science )*+, Politics of !oderni-ation

Su&mitted ./,

D01234 5UR6 17US L8

!A Political Science 9

Su&mitted 6o,

!s8 :lordeli-a Ramos

Political Science )*+

April $*9;


2/14


3/14

In answering and solving such challenges and problems, and attaining the aimfor agricultural growth and sustainable development, the (A implements such specialpro=ects to adhere agricultural interest and leading our farmers. 0ere in the /ordillera?egion, (epartment of Agriculture @ ?egional !ield ce /ordillera Administrative?egion %(A@?!@/A?- implements a special pro=ect called the :econd /ordillera0ighland Agricultural ?esource Canagement )ro=ect %/0A?C)6-. It is the second phaseof /0A?C)* which was implemented in *++< to 6227. Aside from the (A as theleading pro=ect agency, the pro=ect has also implementing partner agencies which arethe 'ational /ommission on Indigenous )eople %'/I)- /A?, Docal Eovernment &nits%DE&s- across /ordillera ?egion and 'on@Eovernment rganizations %'Es- such asthe Igorota !oundation and ?esearchCate Inc. he pro=ect is primarily funded andsupported by the International !und for Agricultural (evelopment %I!A(- which is aspecialized agency of the &nited 'ations dedicated to eradicating rural poverty indeveloping countries. Aside from I!A(, the pro=ect is funded by the Asian (evelopmentBan5 %A(B-, );/ !und for International (evelopment %!I(-, and with thecounterparts of the bene8ciary DE&s and even funds of the national government suchas the )(A! of some lawma5ers.

he main goals of the pro=ect are poverty reduction and improving the Fuality of life of rural highland indigenous peoplesGcommunities in /A?. he purposes of thepro=ect are> increased farm family income of the rural poor in target areas, improvedland tenure security, ensured food security, and conserved and improved highlandforests and watersheds based on sustainable practices. he impact of the /0A?C)* onpoverty need more direct poverty reduction investments so as a continuation, thecoverage of the pro=ect needs to be extended to the whole ?egion. In extending theservices of the pro=ect and the bene8ciaries, with the help of the 'ational ;conomic(evelopment Authority, ';(A and the (A assess the economic poverty index of eachDE&s focusing on the barangay level in order to choose its bene8ciaries. Basically thebene8ciaries belong to the poorest barangays in the region. In total, /0A?C)6 isimplemented to *12 barangays in 1 municipalities of the " provinces of /A?%Appendix A for the list of the barangay bene8ciaries-. Also /0A?C)6 is implementedbecause the grassroots institutional structure developed under /0A?C* needs furtherstrengthening. here are potentials in improving value added for poor householdswithout negative impact on environment due to> ?ecognition of sustainability of indigenous forest management and cropping systemH Eovernment3s emphasis ondeveloping organic productionH and, Erowth worldwide of demand for safe and organicfood. he duration of the pro=ect is implemented from 622+ to 62*# %/0A?C)6 Deaet,622+-.

008 Pro"ect 0mplementation

/0A?C)6 composes # components that would handle the di9erent tas5 in orderto attain its goals for poverty reduction of the rural areas in /A?, and developing theagricultural sector and the farmers. hese 8ve components are the :ocial Cobilization,

)articipatory Investment )lanning and Dand itling %:C)I)D-, /ommunity 4atershed/onservation, !orest Canagement and Agroforestry %/4/!CA-, Agriculture,Agribusiness and Income Eenerating Activities %AAIEA-, ?ural Infrastructure(evelopment %?I(-, and )ro=ect Canagement and /oordination %)C/-. his #components of the pro=ect manifest that /0A?C)6 is not =ust an agriculturalsustainable development pro=ect but as a rural sustainable development pro=ect sinceit handles all aspect that is interconnected to the agricultural sector the farmer’swelfare itself, the land, the agricultural and farmer businesses, the watersheds andforestry, the irrigations and water systems, the rural infrastructures. As /ameron ).dsey, the )ro=ect Canager said during a seminar about Barangay )articipatory and


4/14

;valuation eam raining said> Jthe pro=ect is indeed a Kspecial’ pro=ect, a uniFue andspecialize one since the approach doesn’t delimit only to agriculture but to the wholeother aspects which is not =ust interconnected to agriculture but to the way of living of the rural communitiesL.

A8 Pro"ect Components

he # components would handle di9erent roles. he 8rst component or the

:ocial Cobilization, )articipatory Investment )lanning and Dand itling %:C)I)D- whichwhere I belong aims to promote active participation of the communities includingtarget groups %indigenous people3s organization- in planning, implementation, andmonitoring and evaluation of community development plans. &nder this component,we have sub@components which are /ommunity Cobilization %/C- and !acilitation of Ancestral (omain itling or Dand itling %D- %(A@/0A?C)6, 622+-. As communitymobilization, our tas5 is to prepare the communities speci8cally the barangays withthe help of the )rovincial Docal Eovernment &nit %)DE&-, Cunicipal Docal Eovernment%CDE&- and the Barangay Docal Eovernment &nit %BDE&- in preparing the communityas not =ust bene8ciaries but as also partners in implementation. Basically tostrengthen the barangay’s, an indigenous people farmers organizations which isbarangay base is created. he :C)I) will assist the farmers to create this organization

and will help in registering at concerning bodies such as the :ecurity and ;xchange/ommission %:;/-, (epartment of Dabour and ;mployment %(D;-, and the/ooperative (evelopment Authority %/(A-. :C)I)D will also coordinate to the (A@?!for accrediting the farmer’s organization. :uch registration and accreditation is done toensure legal process and for the farmer’s organization to en=oy the pro=ects servicesand bene8ts. he component also facilitates trainings and seminar for leaderships5ills, organization management, operation and maintenance, monitoring andevaluation trainings, parliamentary procedures, gender analysis, etc. to the barangayocials, people’s organization ocers, and community elders and leaders. 4ith thehelp of the BDE& speci8cally the Barangay ocials and the Barangay (evelopment/ouncil %B(/-, we create this )articipatory )ro=ect Investment )lanning %))I)- whichcan be considering as the Bible of the barangay as a guideline in implementation of

the pro=ect. 4ith the help of the Barangay and the CDE&, they will also be a partner interms of the whole implementation process. An integrated group will be created 5nownas the Barangay )articipatory Conitoring and ;valuation eam %B)C;- compose of the bene8ciaries and the community who would be there for the wholeimplementation process, inspecting the pro=ects for encouraging accountability,transparency and also excellence %:C)I)D, 62*#-. he peopleGfarmers organizations%)-, B(/ and B)C; are all under the advice, counsel and possibly supervision of the:C)I)D. In terms of the facilitation of Ancestral (omain itling or Dand itling %D-, withthe help of the '/I), our component handles preparation of Ancestral (omain:ustainable )rotection )lan %A(:())-, issuance of /erti8cate of Ancestral (omain itle%/A(-, issuance of /erti8cate of Ancestral Dand itle %/AD- %(A@/0A?C)6, 622+-. (A@/0A?C)6 and '/I) are 5nown partners in facilitating for the needs of our indigenous

people. he main di9erence in terms of our D function is that (A@/0A?C)6 only focuson the rural area and pertains speci8cally to the farmers.

he second component or /ommunity 4atershed /onservation, !orestCanagement and Agroforestry %/4/!CA- aims to promote the rehabilitation of watersheds in the target areas to enhance conservation of ma=or watersheds in /A?considering that the region is the watershed cradle of 'orthern DuzonH and to providethe indigenous communities with opportunities to improve their socio@economic well@being. It also has its sub@components and responsibilities which are> /ommunity4atershed /onservation and ?eforestation, )romotion of Agroforestry, (evelopment of


5/14

Innovative 4atershed /onservation Cechanisms, Innovative 4atershed /onservation!inancing Cechanisms, (ocumentation of Indigenous !orest Canagement :ystems,and )ilot /ommunity !orest Canagement %(A@/0A?C)6, 622+-. /4/!CA mainpurpose is to conserved and improved highland forests and watersheds based onsustainable practices. 4ith the help of the (;'?@?!@/A?, and the respective)rovincial ;nvironment and 'atural ?esource ce %);'?- of each )DE&s, the/4/!CA and the rest would harmoniously cooperate in order to validate the4atersheds and forestry. '/I) will also collaborate with the /4/!CA in allotting thegiven land for watersheds as accordance to the Ancestral (omains and Dand itle asaccordance to the ?epublic Act )romotion of Agribusiness and Car5eting, )rovision of Agricultural:upport :ervices, Cicro8nance and Income@Eeneration through Cicro@enterprise, :mall?ural ;nterprise (evelopment. he AAIEA serves =ust li5e a business consultant to thefarmersGpeople’s organization. In this way, the people’s organization may somehowfunction =ust li5e a cooperative. he :C)I) will only focus on the organizational aspectwhile the AAIEA focus on the business operation. 4ith the help of the AAIEA, farmersare encouraged at mar5eting and in improving such agricultural products. hecomponent would provide 5itchen tools and machinery at farmer’sGpeople’sorganization to create 8nish products such wines, =ams, veggie chips and such. A lot of products of /0A?C)6@AAIEA assisted people’s organization of the whole /A? aretoday sell here in Baguio especially on tourist stalls. Cicro@enterprise is also encouragewith the help of the Cicro@8nance capitalization through the Divelihood Assistance!und %DA!- cycle of AAIEA as a direct loanGgrant by the I!A(. Instead of calling itrelending services, the I!A( propose and insist that it’s should be label ascapitalization in the sense that the loan is intended for livelihood support and


6/14

development of small rural micro@enterprises. he AAIEA also conducts trainings andseminar on 8nancial literacy, 8nancial management, boo5 5eepings, basic accounting,and mar5eting strategy.

he fourth component or the ?ural Infrastructure (evelopment %?I(- aims toimprove rural infrastructure essential for the promotion of agricultural production andrural@based livelihood through the mobilization of bene8ciaries. It is basically thephysical arm of the pro=ect the engineers of the pro=ect. hey are the ones

responsible for providing the following> !arm@to@Car5et Access ?oads, !ootpaths,!ootbridges, /ommunity Irrigation :ystems, (omestic 4ater :upply, and :ocialInfrastructure such as Cultipurpose 0alls and )ublic 4arehouses %(A@/0A?C)6, 622+-.

hese infrastructures are very helpful for farmers and also to the rural communities. he transportation of goods and products become more ecient and accessibleespecially for the mar5et use. Culti@)urpose 4arehouses provide additional storagefacility for agricultural goods, it can also be a headFuarters or oce for AAIEA assistedpeople’s organizations. he access of better irrigation improves farming cultivationand production. he establishment of a (omestic 4ater :upply now can provide moreorganize water management and usage at household. he physical pro=ects of the ?I(will be co@implemented by the ?ural ;ngineering Agricultural (evelopment %?;A(-oce of the (A@?!, the ()40 and the DE&s. he DE&s provides counterpart to thesaid pro=ect. Basically in most physical pro=ects, the CDE&s and )DE&s will providecounterparts. After 8nishing such physical infrastructure the pro=ect that was namedafter (A@/0A?C)6 will turn@over the responsibilities to the DE&s responsible formaintaining the infrastructure pro=ect. Aside from physical pro=ects, the ?I( with thecollaboration of the :C)I)D, both will mobilize people at the community to establishan Irrigation Association %IA- for the newly built irrigation system and Barangay4ater4or5s and :anitation Association %BA4A:A- for the (omestic 4ater :upply, asthese association will do the operations and maintenance for the sub@pro=ect with thehelp of the BDE&s.(A@/0A?C)6 with the help of the '/I), 'ational IrrigationAdministration %'IA-, and 'ational 4ater ?esources Board %'4?B- will assist in helpingthe operation of the irrigation and to the associations involve. 'IA will handle on theIrrigation management, '/I) and '4?B will come up to the water rights andownership %IA and BA4A:A /onvention, 62*#-.

he 8fth component or the )ro=ect Canagement and /oordination %)C/-facilitate the pro=ect coordination and management through the followingsubcomponents> perationalization of )ro=ect Canagement :tructuresH Informationand Mnowledge Canagement, )articipatory )ro=ect )lanning, Conitoring N ;valuationH:trengthen /apacity and ;9ectiveness of pro=ect :ta9 %(A@/0A?C)6, 622+-. Basicallyit is the pro=ect administration> the technical support, the accounting sta9, humanresource management, 8nancial administration. It handles the pro=ect’s bureaucraticmachinery. he )C/ is interrelated to all components as all components areinterrelated. It collaborates to each component in assisting the implementation of thepro=ect. 4ith the help of each component, DE&s, B)C;s and !armer’s rganization,

the )C/ ensures that the pro=ect is well monitored and evaluated % B)C; utcomeConitoring , 62*#-. 4ith the collaboration of the :C)I)D, the ))I) are well plannedand implemented with the target@accomplishment scale in assessing the duration of the pro=ect. :C)I)D and )C/ handles the databases from BDE&s, B(/, B)C;,!armers rganization database of their funds, members, pro=ects targets andaccomplishments, registration and accreditation and a lot to be a reference for suchdecision ma5ing processes and planning. /4/!CA and the )C/ assure that allvalidation of seedlings in the watershed pro=ects is properly implemented. )C/ willalso chec5 the DA! cycle of the AAIEA to ensure the proper usage of the funds and as


7/14

double chec5er in the utilization of the capital use. )C/ and ?I( handles to thephysical accomplishments and targets for the infrastructure pro=ects.

4hy /0A?C)6, a special pro=ect of (A@?!@/A? handles a lot of sub@pro=ectsnot =ust agriculture but also involves forestry, agroforestry, business or JagribusinessLand mar5eting strategy, infrastructure, irrigation and domestic water supply. he logicis that everything is interconnected and interrelated. he dependency of each sector isso close if one might be wea5enH a domino e9ect will too5 place. !or an example,

agriculture is heavily dependent on reforestation since reforestation provides the mainsource for agriculture which is water. In fact the mountainous region of /ordillera is themain source of water for 'orthern Duzon. he ma=or dams which are a main source of irrigation are from the mountains of /ordillera. he Cagat (am, :an ?oFue (am,Ambu5lao (am and Binga (am came from the /A?. All the four ma=or river systemshere in 'orthern Duzon%/agayan ?iver, Abulog ?iver, Agno ?iver, and Abra ?iver-, theroot streams of the rivers are heavily dependent from the mountains /A? %()40,62*#-. o manage irrigation you will need systematic pathways of waters which alsoneed communal irrigation systems and domestic water supply to be used by people.4ith better water systems, the cultivation and production of farmers improves. Also tohelp the farmers, infrastructures are needed such as roads and multipurpose halls areto improve their lives. 4ith the sustaining the farmlands, the farmer’s needs to sustaintheir livelihoods and one way is to strengthen themselves to form organizations. 4ithan organization, it is they will form livelihoods to sell their agricultural products. Also isto improve their capacities such as through learning more things such as leaderships5ills, boo5 5eepings, planting, etc. his is one strategy to combat poverty and toattain the aim for development.

.8 Strategies and Good Practices

he other uniFueness of /0A?C)6 from other pro=ects is on how it employs andimplements its sub@pro=ects. hese strategies are DE& implementation, Indigenous)eople )articipation, Eender Cainstreaming and Mnowledge Canagement.

he DE& implementation serves that the pro=ect alone is not =ust a pro=ect of (A@/0A?C)6 but also is a pro=ect of the respective DE&s. his was reected especially inBenguet. he high support of the DE&s of Benguet =ust manifested the Fuic5 yete9ective and e9ective implementation of the pro=ect compared to the rest of thepro=ect. he best picture to illustrate the situation is that Benguet’s DE&s are highlycooperative and supportive in the implementation of pro=ects. 4ith all the provinces,Benguet was able to 8nish more and actually the 8rst to reach the actual targettowards accomplishments. he Benguet also has a high counterpart scheme inassisting the pro=ect. !or the ?I(’s physical infrastructure pro=ects, DE&s all overBenguet gave a counterpart of )h)",


8/14

to let the DE&s feel that their pro=ect is truly theirs and to show that this is theirresponsibility to maintain the pro=ect.

Indigenous people’s participation as incorporated as one of /0A?C)6’s strategyis highly e9ective in promoting participation of the people in the pro=ect, and havingthe full active support of the community. 4ith the design of incorporating Indigenousmethod in the pro=ect, the pro=ect itself was Fuoted as Ja design for the /ordilleraL4ith the help of the '/I), the pro=ect with its goal to eradicate poverty has been

e9ective in loo5ing the marginalize sector. /0A?C)6 sees the marginalized into twoma=or 8gures the indigenous being oppressed and the farmer being oppressed. 4iththis unit of analysis, (A@/0A?C)6 uses not =ust executive policies of the (A and stateslaws such as the ?A 1"21 or the Cagna /arta of :mall !armers, or ?A ""#1or the /A?)Daw that speci8ed to the welfare of the farmers but also to the I)?A Daw. /0A?C)6empowers indigenous people, indigenous practices and tradition. :ome indigenouspractices are even promoted since they are highly e9ective. 4hen I documented thegood practices of such people’s organization speci8cally for the /4/!CA sub@pro=ectsacross the region, the indigenous management practices is highly observed. In thecase of the /4/!CA component @ the JDapat :ystemL of the unggians and Itnegs of Apayao and Abra, the JCuyong :ystemL of the Ifugao communities and the Jayan:ystemL of the Bontoc tribe basically shows no one should touch or enter the forestonce this system is applied. It =ust display how deep the traditions of the indigenoustribes in not =ust respecting the environment but also in helping of conservation of thewatershed and forestry which is deeply endangered due to the growing urbanization of the country. he high supports of the rural indigenous communities also fasten upimplementation and later on to the path towards sustainable development. heJugnawa :ystemL of the Itnegs in Abra, the J)a5yaw :ystemL of the Itnegs in Apayao,the JBatangan or :aguday :ystemL in parts of Ct. )rovince, Benguet and Ifugaobasically reects to the lowland counterpart of Bayanihan and also how indigenouscommunities impose social =ustice. ?egardless the subpro=ects it is heavilymanifested that the community employs this type of system as the community 5nowsthat this pro=ect actually bene8tted them and the community %?;!/C Abra andApyao, 62*#-.

Another strategy for /0A?C)6 is through Eender Cainstreaming as reectedthrough the Eender and (evelopment program of the government. Eendermainstreaming is the promotion of gender eFuality into all aspects of an organization’swor5 and into its systems and procedures. It is a process that addresses what anorganization does %external mainstreaming- and how an organization wor5s %internalmainstreaming-. Eender mainstreaming means that all programs, pro=ects andactivities as well as organizational and management processes are designed,implemented, monitored and evaluated ta5ing into account the di9erent and relativeneeds and constraints of men and women with the aim of promoting gender eFuality.

he goal of gender mainstreaming is to ma5e sure that women and men realize theirrights and ineFuality is not perpetuated %Oerora, 62*#-. In one of my experience in

implementing the EA( related programs of the (epartment of Agriculture and I!A(,we document about Eender mainstreaming practices of the bene8ciaries of /0A?C)6.:imply, we documented the roles of both male and female and the implementation of the di9erent sub@pro=ects of /0A?C)6 and its impact in the society. 4e focused onsuch institutional mechanism, particularly the farmerGpeople’s organization. heresults are surprising, its states that women are more active participants than men aspartners for implementation of the pro=ects. hey dominate the men in such positionsin their farmersGpeople organizations. 4omen become leading 8gures in ruralorganization of /ordillera. In fact in my database regarding the registered


9/14

organizational bene8ciaries of the pro=ect, there are 717 livelihood interest groups of farmer organization bene8ciaries and among the 717 chairpersonGpresidents there are6+ female presidents, in a total of "6$ females who are leading the livelihoodinterest sector. In agroforestry and irrigation organizations, out of **1 organizations,there are 7+ organizations or 7+$ are led by female presidents. Agroforestry alone isstrati8ed as a male dominated 8eld according to some. et regardless of type of wor5or organization, we can see that females are not =ust participating in such pro=ects butalso are valuable actors in the pro=ect. In terms of the composition of the membershipof farmers organization registered at /0A?C)6 for the whole /ordillera, there are*1


10/14

such events such as environmental catastrophes such as typhoons and politicalproblems such as the issues of )(A!, it hinders the bureaucratic machinery of thepro=ect to ful8l its pro=ect completion. he )C/ facilitated a wor5shop to the B)C;)ilot Conitoring utcome in the Cunicipality of Mapangan, Benguet which able tomonitor the results of the pro=ect at the perception of the locals in the ruralcommunities. he B)C; )ilot Conitoring utcome used a result chain and result webtool %see Appendix B-. Basically the chain is presented through an input@activity@output@outcome@impact chain of seFuence. his method was used because it wassimpler and easy understands for the locals. In the result of the wor5shop, theparticipants who are also the bene8ciaries and partners in implementing the di9erentsubpro=ects of /0A?C)6 are satis8ed at the results at the pro=ect. In the end it hashelp the rural communities in their lives, the pro=ect provided bene8cial outcome intheir daily live which they en=oyed. In the concept of the result chain, the impact stageis where overall and long@term e9ect of an intervention. he concept of impact is closeto Jdevelopment e9ectivenessL. :ince the pro=ect is still on@going and towards to itsend or newly 8nish, the impact is still not yet felt by the community. he outcomeperhaps may be felt already yet the impact stage once it will be felt, a staggeringchange which is a positive change. he means and end for attaining developmentwill be at last felt and achieve by these rural communities %)icpican, 62*#-.

:ince the pro=ect is near to its end, in terms of recommendation I would agreethat the only recommendation is since all the 8nished pro=ects of /0A?C)6 will beturnover to the respective DE&s %Cunicipal and Barangay levels- is to maintain thepro=ects which was given by /0A?C)6. owards the end of 62*#, the :C)I)Dproduced /0A?C)6 Barangay Accomplishment ?eport %/BA?- of each barangaybene8ciary which contains not =ust the accomplishment report but also sustainabilityplans for the barangay as a continual support and guide to sustain the pro=ectscreated. his will be initiated by the respective BDE&s ocials, B(/s, and the CDE&agriculture and development oce. :peci8cally for the /4/!CA pro=ects, the );'?of the respective )DE&s of /A? promise through a covenant to continue support andassistance to people’s organization who serves as forest guardians to the reforestationand agroforestry pro=ects. In terms of the farmersGpeople’s organization, the role of thecommunity mobilization ends since they have trained already the farmers to be self@dependent in running the organization and the rural communities. /0A?C)6 not =usthelp the communities in terms of development but also it has lead the ruralcommunity towards their main goal for pushing sustainable development. nerecommendation since the pro=ect is e9ective is to continue the pro=ect into /0A?C)and expand its bene8ciaries to more barangays and municipalities. et it would alldepend to the next regime due incoming election. It was never a pro=ect of a certainpersonality or a presidential candidateH it is a pro=ect of the people since it is from thegrassroots of the people who formulated the pro=ect proposals. It is from thebureaucratic sta9s and personals that initiated and are motivated to the tas5 of serving the community. It is the government, not any political actors or 8gures thatinitiated the pro=ect. And it will always be people who are main unit of the pro=ect. In/0A?C)6, it is them who are the bene8ciaries, partners, evaluators and implementersof development.

.i&liograph/B)C; utcome Conitoring . %62*#, :eptember 1@ )C/, (A@/0A?C)6.


11/14

Benas, C. . %62*, :eptember />S&sersSD;'OS(ocumentsS(ept. of Agri @ /0A?C)6S) dataS)P!? )IOas of 'ov".

&'(). %*++-. 0uman (evelopment ?eport. In &. '. )rogramme. 'ew or5> &'().

Oerora, O. %62*#, Ruly *2@**-. Eender Cainstreaming. %e,!nar on ender Ma!nstrea,!ng andCase %tudy Docu,entat!on. Ct. epeyac 0otel, Deonard 4ood :t., Baguio /ity> :C)I)D,(A@/0A?C)6 and I!A( )hilippines.

4/;(. %*+ xford&niversity )ress.

4orld Ban5. %62*7-. Agr!cu(ture Rura( De&e(o+,ent . ?etrieved from he 4orld Ban5>http>GGdata.worldban5.orgGtopicGagriculture@and@rural@development

Appendi< A Pro"ect Areas


12/14

#9=* .aranga/s in >= !unicipalities in ; Provinces%

A.RA #>$%Boliney> Baoyan, (aoangan, )oblacionBucloc> (ucligan, Dabaan, Dingey, DamaoDacub> Buneg, Euinguinabang, )acoc@alampac, )oblacionDicuan@Baay> /aoayan, (ominglay, Cogao, )oblacionDuba> Ampalioc, Barit, Duzong, :abnangan

Calibcong>(uldulao, Eacab, Calibcong )oblacion, aripan:allapadan> Bilabila, Caguyepyep, Eangal, :acaang, 'aguilian ubo> Cayabo )oblacion, :upo, iempo, 4ayanganAPA?A2 #9)%/alanasan> /adaclan, ;va, Cacalino, 'aguilian, anglagan/onner> Buluan, Mari5itan, )addaoan, alifugo, IliMabugao> Badduat, /abetayan, Maragawan, Denneng, Duttuacan.73GU76 #>)%Ato5> Abiang, /attubo, )aoay, )asdongBa5un> Ampusongan, Mayapa, :inacbat, Eambang, )oblacionBo5od> Bila, Bobo5@Bisal, ;5ip, 'awalBuguias> Amlimay, Amgaleyguey, Bangao, 'atubleng, Baculongan :ur, /atlubongMabayan> Ballay, Bashoy, Batan, )acsoMapangan> Beleng@belis, /uba, Easwiling, )udongMibungan> Badeo, Dubo, Cadaymen, acadang:ablan> Bagong, Balluay, Banengbeng, Bayaba0:UGA2 #$*%Asipulo> /amandag, /awayan, 'amal, )ula0ingyon> Bangtinon, Compolia, )iwong, &buag0ungduan> Dubu@ong, Bang@bang, Caggo5, Bo5iawanCayoyao> /haya, /humang, Cagulon, 'attum

inoc> Ahin, (anggo, Duhong, u5ucan5AL03GA #$*%Balbalan> Ab@abaan, Buaya, )oswey, awangDubuagan> Cabilong, Cabongtot, anglag, &pper &ma)asil> Balatoc, Bagtayan, /olayo, Ealdang

anudan> Anggacan, Anggacan :ur, (acalan, Eaang inglayan> Basao, Belong@Canubal, Butbut )roper, ulgao ;ast!2U36A03 PR2@03C7 #+%Barlig> !iangtin, Dingoy, Dunas, CacalanaBau5o> Banao, Bila, Euinsadan 'orte, Euinsadan :ur, Dagawa, Cabaay, Conamon 'orte,Conamon :ur, tucan 'orte, tucan :ur, apapan, :adsadanBesao> Eueday, Daylaya, )ayeo, :oFuibBontoc> Bayyo, /an@eo, (alican, Euinaang, Caligcong, Cainit, alubin, ucucan:abangan> (ata, Dosad, )ingad, ambingan:adanga> Belwang, Betwagan, (emang, :aclit:agada> Ambasing, !idelisan, Cadongo, )atay, anulong, etepan 'orte, etepan :ur

adian> Bunga, Bantey, (uagan, Dubon, :umadel

Appendi< . Result Chain


13/14


14/14

Documents

Research Work on Development Processes and Programs of Department of Agriculture – Second Cordillera Highland Agricultural Resource Management Project (CHARMP2)