Research On Dyeing Behavior Of Tencel Fabric dyeing With Pu-Erh tea

dyestuff

Chengcheng Yana, Fengchun Dongb, Gang Huangc, Tingting Sund

College of Textile and Clothing, Wuyi University, Guangdong, P.R.China, 529020

aChengchengyan1989@163.com, bdongfengchun6503@163.com

chg@wyu.cn, d847283908@qq.com

Keywords: Tencel Fabric, Pu-erh tea, Dyeing behavior

Abstract. Natural dye extracted from Pu-erh tea was applied to tencel fabric. The factors of pH

values, temperature, dye concentration and dyeing time on dyeing performance of tencel fabric dyed

with Pu-erh tea dyestuff were discussed. The color depth of tencel fabric was investigated on Data

Color matching system in terms of k/s values. The optimal dyeing results were obtained at 45°C, pH

3.5, and dye concentration 0.66% owf for 10min. To improve the color depth of tencel fabric dyeing

with tea dyes, the meta-mordanting (HferrousH HsulfateH) was added in the dyeing process and the

optimal meta-mordanting time for tencel fabric is 45 min.

Introduction

In recent years, with the awareness of green environmental rooted in the heart of human beings,

there has been growing interest in use of natural dyes in textile dyeing research[1].Considerable

research work is being undertaken around the world on the application of natural dyes[2]. Natural

dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and generally have a higher compatibility with the

environment[3].As one kind of natural dyes, tea dyes gets more attention as known for its healthy and

artistry and contain more natural coloring pigments. They are non-allergic, non-toxic to human body,

earth friendly and help maintain ecological balance [4]. After being treated by tea dye, the fabric not

only has everlasting faint-scent but also holds functions like the friendly feature for skin,

deodorization, antibiosis and antianaphylaxis [5].And the tencel fabric was get more attention

because of its healthy and comfortable for people in recent years. To further explore the dyeing

properties of tea dyes and combined both benefits, the dyeing experiment of extracted tea dyes from

the Pu-erh tea dyeing for tencel fabric was carried out in this research. Meanwhile, the effects of

dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and time, pH and the mordant salts FeSO4 on the color

depth of tencel fabric dyeing with Pu-erh tea were analyzed.

Experimental

Materials. Pu-erh tea, Tencel Fabric(12*12/55*54), CH3COOH(AR), Na2CO3(AR), KOH (AR),

washing power, FeSO4 (AR).

Extraction of Pu-Erh tea pigment. Put 50g Pu-erh tea powders into oven dry for 1-2 hours, and then

adding it to the saucepan which equipped with suitable amount of distilled water heated and hold at

boil for 3hours, allowed to standing for 15 min and then filtered. The above process was repeated

three times and next the filtrate was prepared for dyeing process.

Dyeing without a mordant. The above extraction of Pu-erh tea dye solution was diluted to 1000 ml.

Drain water after wash tencel fabric, and then dyed at liquor ratio of 1:30 in the dye bath. To study the

optimum parameters of Pu-erh tea dyeing for tencel fabric in the absence of mordant, the dyeing

process was carried out in different conditions i.e. optimal dyeing temperature, dyebath pH, dye

concentration and dyeing time.The dyeing experiment was carried out in dyeing machine.

Advanced Materials Research Vols. 821-822 (2013) pp 585-588Online available since 2013/Sep/18 at www.scientific.net© (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerlanddoi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.821-822.585

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Dyeing with a mordant. To improve the dyeing performance of Pu-erh tea dyes dye on tencel fabric,

the meta-mordanting method was employed dyeing tencel fabric using mordant salts FeSO4.In this

dyeing method, the tencel fabric was immersed in dye bath contain mordant and dyes extract, and the

dyeing temperature was maintain at 45°C, liquor ratio of 1:30, the pH3.5, the concentration of ferrous

sulphate was 5g/l.

Tests.The K/S value was tested by color-eye 700A Spectrophotometer (Greta Macbeth instrument

co., LTD).

Results and discussion

Influence of dyeing temperature on the dye depth of tencel fabric.

To research the effect of dyeing temperature on dye-uptake, the tencel fabric were dyed at five

different temperature, i.e. 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90°C using 1.26% owf of the extracted Pu-erh tea dye

solution at a liquid ratio of 1:30, pH 3.5 for 20 min.

30 40 50 60 70 80 90

1.61.71.81.92.02.12.22.32.42.52.6

K/S

Valu

e

Temperature(oC)

Soapping Before

Soapping After

Fig.1 Effect of dyeing temperature on K/S value

It can be seen from the Fig.1, the K/S value changes of tencel fabric soaping before was consistent

with soaping after. The above curves indicated that the color depth of tencel fabric was improved in

terms of the ascending K/S value. With the increasing of dyeing temperature, the K/S value was

further increased. The molecular activity of tea dyes was improved due to the dyeing temperature

raise from 30~45 °C.Meanwhile, the swelling rates of tencel fiber was increased, which made the

fiber absorb more dyes. When the dyeing temperature was above 45°C, the K/S value reduced. This

was mainly caused by the higher water solubility of Pu-erh tea dyes. Meanwhile, the molecular

activity of tea dyes was decreased due to the higher dyeing temperature, resulting in the lower

adsorption capacity of tencel fibers for tea dyes. Therefore, the optimal dyeing temperature of Pu-erh

tea dyeing on tencel fabric is 45 °C.

Influence of dyeing time on the dye depth of tencel fabric. The tencel fabric was dyed in pu-erh tea

in six points of 1.26% owf of extracted tea dye solution at 45°C, at a liquid ratio of 1:30 and pH 3.5

for different time intervals i.e. 5, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90min.

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 901.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.83.03.23.4

K/S

Valu

e

Time(min)

Soapping Before

Soapping After

Fig.2 Effect of dyeing time on K/S value

586 Advances in Textile Engineering and Materials III

The effect of dyeing time on K/S values is shown in Fig.2. It can be seen that K/S value increase

with dyeing time till dye exhaustion attains equilibrium and there is no significant increase after

further increases in dyeing time and even decreased. The optimum time for dyeing the tencel fabrics

with the absence of mordant was achieved at 10 min. The Fig.2 shows that when the tencel fabric was

soap to wash before, the K/S value was reduced from 5 to 30 min. This was because when the

adsorption of tencel fabric for tea dyestuff reached over-saturated, the tea dyes molecular freed from

tencel fiber and thus the color fastness became weak. However, during the period of dyeing time on

30~90 min, the color depth of tencel fabric dyeing with Pu-erh dyes leveled off and even increased

slightly. This behavior due to a slightly higher temperature and dyeing time increasingly, under the

action of the tencel fiber further adsorption small amount of of tea dye molecules and attains

equilibrium.

According to soaped curve ,when the dyeing time on 5 ~10 min, with the time increasing, the

variations of K/S value was contrary to soaping before,this trend indicate that the colord depth more

higher dyeing on 5min,but the washing fastness of tencel fabric is poor. And the K/S value was

increased from 5~10min.As time delayed, the K/S value decreased. From the above that, the optimal

dyeing time of Pu-erh dye for tencel fabric is 10min without mordant in the dyeing process.

Influence of variations of pH on the K/S value. To determine the optimum pH, the dyeing

experiment was carried out in the absence of mordant FeSO4 at a liquid ratio of 1:30m, dyeing time

for 10min and the concentration is 1.26%owf.The pH of tea dyebath was adjusted by acetic acid

(1mol/l) and HsodiumH Hcarbonate H(1mol/l) .It can be seen from the Fig.3, the substrate soaping

before, more higher color depth at strong acidic condition. The higher dye uptake rates could be

attributed to the structural features of Pu-erh tea,which possibly functions as a cationic dye under

acidic conditions.After soap to wash, the fabric dyeing depth gradually increases when the pH value

from1.5 to 3.5.But when the pH over 3.5, color depth decreased with further increase in pH.Therefore,

the optimum pH value of tea dyebath at 3.5.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.83.0

Fig.3 Effect of dyebath pH on K/S Value

Soapping Before

Soapping After

K/S

Valu

e

pH

Influence of variations of dye concentration on the K/S value. The effect of tea dye concentration

on the color depth was also studied. The Fig.4 shown that extracted dye concentration was varied at

0.46%,0.66%,0.86%,1.06,1.26%owf.The tencel fabric was impregnated in dye solution at a liquid

ratio of 1:30 and pH 3.5,dyeing at 45°C for 10min. And finally the fabric rinsed with water at 85°C

and air dried.After soaping, when dye concentration rised from 0.46%~0.66%owf, the color depth of

fabric was gradually increased. In the range of 0.66% ~1.26%owf, there is no significant increase

after the concentration further increases, the flat curve predict that dye behavior attains adsorption

equilibrium.Thus, the optimum concentration was 0.66%owf.

Influence of meta-mordanting time on K/S value. To research the effect of mordanting on the

color depth of fabric, the meta-mordanting method was carried out in the dyeing process. It can be

seen from the Fig.5, the color depth and wash fastness of tencel fabric dyeing with Pu-erh tea dyes

was greatly improved by adding 5g/L mordant salt FeSO4 in the dye solution. This indicates that the

meta-mordanting method was better than the dyeing method without mordant. This is due to some

transition metal ions can bond strongly with tea dye molecule and devote to the color depth of fabrics.

Advanced Materials Research Vols. 821-822 587

In presence of mordant salt in the dyeing process, the optimum dyeing time of Pu-erh tea dyeing for

tencel fabric is 45min.

0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.40.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Soapping Before

Soapping After

K/S

Valu

e

Fig.4 Effect of dye concentration on K/S value

Dye concentration(owf)

0 20 40 60 80 1000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Common dyeing

Meta-mordanting

K/S

Valu

e

Time(min)

Fig.5 Effect of meta-mordanting time on K/S value

Conclusion

A natural tea dye extracted from Pu-erh tea has been employed to dye tencel fabric. The effects of

dyeing temperature, dyeing time, pH value and dyeing concentration on the dyeing properties of

tencel fabric were studied. The optimal dyeing condition was achieved at dyeing temperature of 45 °C,

dyeing time is 10 min and pH at 3.5, the concentration of Pu-erh tea dyes solution at 0.66%owf. With

the addition of mordant salts in the dyeing process, the color strength of tencle fabric was greatly

improved and the optimum meta-mordanting time is 45min.

References

[1] N.Punrattanasin, M.Nakpathom, B.Somboon, et al. Industrial Crops and Products, 2013,

49:122-129.

[2] A.Guesmi,N. Ben hamadi, N.Ladhari,et al. Industrial Crops and Products, 2013, 42:63-69.

[3] M.M. Kamel,Reda M. El-Shishtawy,B.M. Yussef,et al.Dyes and Pigments, 2005, 65:103-110.

[4] Daniela Cristea, Gerard Vilarem. Dyes and Pigments, 2006, 70:238-245.

[5] H T Deo and B K Desai. J.D.S.C, 1999, 115:224-227.

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