Research is More Than Google [email protected] Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 New Jersey Institute of Technology

Research is More Than Google Research is More Than Google [email protected] [email protected] Richard Sweeneyichard Sweeney 973-596-3208 973-596-3208

http://www.library.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/

New JerseyInstitute of Technology






Richard T. Sweeney [email protected] T. Sweeney [email protected]

Richard Sweeney

• University LibrarianUniversity Librarian –

New Jersey Institute of

Technology, Newark, NJ• Dean of LibrariesDean of Libraries,

Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY• Executive DirectorExecutive Director of Public of Public

Library of Library of Columbus & Franklin Co., OH• Director of Public LibraryDirector of Public Library - - Genesee County, Flint, MI• Director of Public LibraryDirector of Public Library - - Atlantic City , NJ



Research is More Than GoogleResearch is More Than [email protected] [email protected] Richard Sweeneyichard Sweeney 973-596-3208 973-596-3208

Teach your students and your new employees that quality research is more than they might think; and certainly more than Google.

High Quality ≠ Google Scholar (or Google)




Google Scholar is just one Google option for searching for

scholarship.






Peter Chen




Tenner, Edward. Searching for Dummies; Are search engines making today's students dumber? New York Times March 26, 2006

“Google modestly declares its mission "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful." But convenience may be part of the problem.

Now, thanks to brilliant programming, a simple query usually produces a first page that's at least adequate — "satisficing," as the economist Herbert Simon called it.”



“In 2002, graduate students at Tel Aviv University were asked to find on the Web, with no time limit, a picture of the Mona Lisa; the complete text of either "Robinson Crusoe" or "David Copperfield"; and a recipe for apple pie accompanied by a photograph. Only 15 percent succeeded at all three assignments.”




“Many students seem to lack the skills to structure their searches so they can find useful useful informationinformation quickly.




Research is not just about finding useful useful informationinformation, it is about discovering the latest, accurate, authoritative, and comprehensive knowledge available. Research is finding nonsubstitutable knowledge; not readily available elsewhere.



How to Evaluate Web Resources.http://www.library.njit.edu/howto/evaluate.cfm



How to Evaluate Web Resources.http://www.library.njit.edu/howto/evaluate.cfm



Today I will limit my search examples to the subject Pompe disease.



Pompe disease is a rare genetic fatal disorder that strikes your children.







Caution:Caution: Google includes more than just peer reviewed literature; it misses some key expert literature; it

does not have all the current research.




Caution:Caution: If you use Google as your only source, you will not obtain all of the most high quality resources. You are likely to find inaccurate, out-of-date, and/ or misleading results.

Google is free. Beware who is paying for it.



Today I will compare Google Scholar with Scopus, a respected abstracting and indexing service in science and technology. My intent is to show the weaknesses with Google and Google Scholar. I could just as easily compared them to the Web of Science published by Thompson-Gale to demonstrate these weaknesses.



Scopus is a subscription-based commercial search engine published by Elsevier. It is one of the principal search engines of science and technology scholarship.




Scopus has 490 hits for Pompe disease entered as key words.




Pompe Disease has 1,030 hits in Google Scholar.


Google Scholar Scopus has 253,000

hits for Pompe disease entered as

key words.

Clearly Google Scholar is not a “quality filter”.






Google Scholar Scopus has 253,000

hits for Pompe disease entered as

key words.






The first hit in Google Scholar is a a site put together

by a father of a child with Pompe

Disease.



Google Scholar has 1,034 hits for “Pompe disease”

as an exact phrase.




Scopus has 135 hits for “Pompe disease” entered as an exact phrase.





Google Scholar has 97 hits for

“Pompe disease” as an exact

phrase 2005 to present.



Scopus has 34 hits for “Pompe disease” 2005 to present.




Clinica Chimica Acta, the most

cited journal on “Pompe disease”

does not appear on the first page of Google Scholar.




Google Scholar has 97 hits for “Pompe disease” 2005 to present.





Google Scholar has Third hit is

from the National Institute

of Health.




1998


1998

2001

1996

2002




Research tools have to be current. Scopus is not only more current but easier to see the dates.




Is this an authoritative

source? Is this the current

knowledge on Pompe

Disease?





Can you tell from the link

whether this is authoritative?




Search terms is: statistical process controlAND Software development





















Evaluate Web Sources

Evaluate Search terms is: statistical process controlAND Software development



As a researcher:

• Who are/were the major contributors to a particular breakthrough? Who are the most important researchers in my field and which institutions are they from?

• In which journals were my article cited, by whom and how many times? What does my publishing contribution look like over time?

• Are there any other research groups working on my theory? Did my research cross disciplines?

• Where are most articles in my field published? Ie., did my area of research shift to another part of the globe and what are the key resources I should read to keep up-to-date? Is this still an active field?

• Grant applications – What is the current state of knowledge of my research that I intend to advance?

As an administrator:

• Which applicant should I hire for a faculty post, researcher or graduate student? How well-known is this person and should I hire him/her?

• What about a faculty’s publishing- is this candidate eligible for tenure?

Value of Citation Analysis




Teach your students and your new employees that quality research is more than they might think; and certainly more than Google.



Thanks for Your Kind Attention

Richard T. Sweeney [email protected] Jersey Institute of TechnologyUniversity HeightsNewark, NJ 07102-1982

Presentation at: http://www.library.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/




Creating WOW! Services for MillennialsCreating WOW! Services for Millennials

• Finding collaborators / competitors• Recruiting faculty & researchers• Covering all of the most important cited literature on a topic• Faculty promotion and tenure• Collection development decisions






Petri Net

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia online

A Petri net (also known as a place/transition net or P/T net) is one of several mathematical representations of discrete distributed systems. As a modeling language, it graphically depicts the structure of a distributed system as a directed bipartite graph with annotations. As such, a Petri net has place nodes, transition nodes, and directed arcs connecting places with transitions. Petri nets were invented in 1962 by Carl Adam Petri in his PhD thesis.

At any one time during a Petri net's execution, each place can hold zero or more tokens. Unlike more traditional data processing systems that can process only a single stream of incoming tokens, Petri net transitions can consume tokens from multiple input places, act on them, and output tokens to multiple output places. Transition can only act on the tokens if the required number of tokens appear in every one of its input places.

Transitions act on input tokens by a process known as firing. When a transition fires, it consumes the tokens from its input places, performs some processing task, and places a specified number of tokens into each of its output places. It does this atomically, namely in one single non-preemptible step. Since firing is non-deterministic, Petri nets are well suited for modeling concurrent behavior of distributed systems.



Petri nets

Nick Chapman, Imperial College, London, 1997Petri nets, or place-transition nets, are classical models of

concurrency, non-determinism, and control flow, first proposed by Carl Adam Petri in 1962. Petri nets are

bipartite graphs and provide an elegant and mathematically rigorous modelling framework for discrete event

dynamically systems.Petri net models have emerged as a very promising modelling tool for systems that exhibit concurrency,

synchronisation and randomness. The use of stochastic Petri nets has become particularly important in the modelling of automated manufacturing systems.











Search Zhou and petri net He has 77 articles.



Note Zhou’s most cited articles are from before 2000.



Most of Zhou’s articles after 2000 are still being cited. He is current.



Over 7703 petri net articles have been published and indxed in Scopus.



Note that one article has 1003 citations and the sond highest is 193.



Tadao is tied with Zhou for largest number of petri net articles. Tadao has the most cited article.



Can we compare Tadao with Zhou? Actually if we look at alternate author names; Zhou has more.



Can we compare Tadao with Zhou?



Head to head Zhou has five of the top seven cited artices between the two (i.e. Tadao).



When you compare a sample year of articles,1992, Zhou has far more articles and citations than Tadao.





Zhou has the 13th most cited petri net article of all authors.







Who are potential current competitors and collaborators?





Lin from China, for instance, is a likely current and future competitor and/or collaborators.





Limit petri net search to 2000 to 2003



Rank in “cited by” order

Note new authors now most published



Further limit results to 10 authors with most publications from 2000-2004



Conclusion: M C Zhou is still publishing and getting sited among top ten authors.



I searched for all petri articles from 2000 through 2004. There were 2611.



Except for Zhou the top three in published articles changed.



Note Zhou now has the second highest cited article again.



So how can we compare the five authors (2000-

2004) with the most articles?



I limited the search to those five authors (2000-2004) with the most articles? 119 in total.



I then ranked the 119 articles by “cited by”.



I then ranked the 119 articles by “cited by”.



I then selected the top ten “cited by articles of which Zhou had four.



I then did a citation analysis of these ten articles. Zhou has 20 citations for a 2004 article, far above the others.



Next I went back to all petri articles 2000-2004 looking for the 10 most “cited by articles from any authors. Zhou had 2 of the articles.



Next I did a citation analysis of the 10 most “cited by” articles from any authors. Zhou had 2 of the articles.



Note Zhou had the only top 10 most “cited by” article since 2001.



If I am looking for current competitors and potential collaborators this is the group. Most “cited by” authors in 5 years.



Here are the publications we need in order to keep up with petri net authors.




Creating WOW! Services for MillennialsCreating WOW! Services for Millennials

• Finding collaborators / competitors• Recruiting faculty & researchers• Covering all of the most important cited literature on a topic• Faculty promotion and tenure• Collection development decisions

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Research is More Than Google [email protected] Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 New Jersey Institute of Technology