ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research, Design and Developmentof Optical Systems withExtended Depth Of Field

Luisa De Marcotutor: Prof. Paolo Bassi

cotutors: Ing. Federico Canini, Ing. Bassam Hallal

18 Ottobre 2010

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionResearch aimResearch Phases

2 Measurement toolBackgroundSaFaRiLABResults

3 Illumination SystemDesignPrototypingMeasurement

4 Optical SystemResearchDesign

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionResearch aimResearch Phases

2 Measurement toolBackgroundSaFaRiLABResults

3 Illumination SystemDesignPrototypingMeasurement

4 Optical SystemResearchDesign

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research aim

Problem: extending Depth Of Field (DOF)

Possible applications:

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research aim

Designing Barcode reader...

Design Phases:

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research Phases

Research planning:

First year measurement tool, basis for designing opticalimaging systems

Second year design of optical systems for extending depthof field (DOF):

illumination system which helps theextension of DOFoptical imaging system with high DOFusing an existing technology

Third year design and realization of an optical imagingsystem with high depth of field using a newapproach/technology

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionResearch aimResearch Phases

2 Measurement toolBackgroundSaFaRiLABResults

3 Illumination SystemDesignPrototypingMeasurement

4 Optical SystemResearchDesign

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Background

Spatial Domain:Point Spread Function (PSF)

Spatial Frequency Domain:Spatial Frequency Response (SFR)

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Background

Edge Source: Slanted edge to avoid sampling effect(dependency on pixel array alignment wrt the edge)

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

SaFaRiLAB

Software: SaFaRi

SFR calculation from a slanted edge imageISO 12233 standard gives guidelines for SFRevaluation

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

SaFaRiLAB

Measurement set up: LAB

Integrating spheres and slanted edge target

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Results

SaFaRi vs Imatest and ImageJ:

Tests on experimental images

SaFaRiLAB: comparable with other available softwares

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Results

Measurement vs Design:measured SFR refers to the whole systemoptical SFR obtained deconvolving different features

Good agreement between the measured SFR and theSFR obtained combining lens and sensor

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionResearch aimResearch Phases

2 Measurement toolBackgroundSaFaRiLABResults

3 Illumination SystemDesignPrototypingMeasurement

4 Optical SystemResearchDesign

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Design

Free-Form Lens:one surface plane: z = costthe other one free (polynomial):

z = f (x , y) = c1x2 + c2y2 + c3x4 + c4x2y2 + c5y4 · · ·+ c6x6 + c7x4y2 + c8x2y4 + c9y6

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Design

Desired illumination profile on the target:limited into a desired area and with more light along thearea edges (compensation for sensor light losses)implementation (in MATLAB) of a software foroptimization of the free-form lens coefficientsresults checked using TRACEPRO

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Prototyping

Lens Free-Form prototype:Size: 4.5mm×4.5mm×1.9mmMaterial: Acrylic (n = 1.49 at 632nm)

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Measurement

Surface measurement:Digital Electronic Automation (DEA), a coordinatemeasuring machine

Result:good agreement between measured and designedsurface

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Measurement

Irradiance profile measurement:set up: camera (barcode-reader), diffuser glass, LEDwith free form lensirradiance profile image

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Measurement

Result:

good agreement between irradiance profile of free-formlens DESIGNED and MEASURED

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionResearch aimResearch Phases

2 Measurement toolBackgroundSaFaRiLABResults

3 Illumination SystemDesignPrototypingMeasurement

4 Optical SystemResearchDesign

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research

There are many possible solutions to extend depth of fieldwe choose Cubic Phase Mask (CPM)

CPM = f (x , y) = α(x3 + y3)

...because:simple to design, prototype and testtheoretical basis (many studies about it)stable and cheap

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Research

good performance (the same SFR at differentdistances)

SFR

near

field

SFR

in focus

SFR

in focus

SFR

near

field

SFR

far

field

SFR

far

field

WITH PHASE MASK

WITHOUT PHASE MASK

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Design

Optical imaging system design (in ZEMAX):objective already designedoptimization of α in cubic phase mask

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Design

Performance design evaluation:minimum resolving power [Mils]

0 0.25 0.5 0.75 10

0.25

0.5

0.75

1

Normalized spatial frequency

SFR

threshold (th)

frequency limit (fth)

R =minimum resolutionM = magnification

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Design

Performance without CPM vs with CPM:

Results:objective better for intermediate resolutionsobjective with CPM better for high and low resolutionsbetter optimization obtained re-designing the objective

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions

Conclusions

Conclusions:Efficient measurement tool (ready to use)Good illumination system (ready to use)Good performance of cubic phase mask (ready toprototype)

Future developments:To prototype the optimized Cubic Phase MaskTo measure it with SaFaRiLABRealization of a NEW (not patented) optical imagingsystem with high Depth Of Field

ResearchDesign and

Developmentof Optical

Systems withEDOF

Luisa DeMarco

IntroductionResearch aim

Research Phases

MeasurementtoolBackground

SaFaRiLAB

Results

IlluminationSystemDesign

Prototyping

Measurement

OpticalSystemResearch

Design

Conclusions