Research and Higher Education Networking: A New Internet?

Douglas E. Van HouwelingPresident & CEOInternet2

University of MontanaMonday, 17 September 2007Gallagher Business Bldg., Room 122

Overview

• Where we have been, and why– Internet2

• Innovation in higher education and research networking

• Implications for infrastructure

• Implications for the Internet• The future: What we need to do

History & Background• ARPANet• 1987– NSFNet• Regional networks• 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services

• 1994 -- WWW• 1994 -- Commercialization• 1997 -- Next Generation Internet Initiative & Internet2

What is Internet2?

• Membership organization with more than:– 200 universities– 70 corporations– 40 affiliated organizations

• Supported by membership dues & fees

• Budget more than $30 million per year

What Does Internet2 Do?Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet

Internet2 Universities209 University Members as of August 2007

Internet2 Affiliate Members•ACUTA•Altarum•American Distance Education Consortium•Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)

•CERN•Charles R. Drew University•Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia•Cleveland Institute of Music•Cleveland Museum of Art•Coalition for Networked Information•Desert Research Institute•EDUCAUSE•ESnet•Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS)

•Howard Hughes Medical Institute•Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications System (IHETS)

•Inter-American Development Bank•Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation•Jet Propulsion Laboratory•Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory•The Library of Congress•Los Alamos National Laboratory

• Manhattan School of Music• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center• National Archives and Records Administration• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

• National Geographic• National Institutes of Health• NOAA – Washington, D.C.• National Science Foundation• New World Symphony• NIST• Oak Ridge National Laboratory• OSTN (Open Student Television Network)• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory• Ruth Lily Health Education Center• SURA• TOPIX• U.S. Census Bureau• United Nations System of Organizations• United States Antarctic Program• United States Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

• University of North Carolina General Administration

• The World Bank

Internet2 R&E Network Members• 3ROX• CEN• CENIC• CIC OmniPoP• CPE• FLR• GPN• Indiana GigaPoP• KanREN• LEARN• LONI• MAGPI• MAX• MCNC• Merit Network

• MOREnet• MREN• NJEDge.Net• Northern Lights GigaPoP• NOX• NYSERNet• OARnet• OneNet• OSCnet• OSHEAN• Pacific Northwest GigaPoP• PeachNet• SOX• UEN• WiscNet

State Education Networks Connected to Internet2

Internet2 Corporate Partners

Internet2 Corporate Sponsors•Arbor Networks•Campus Televideo•Codian, Inc.•Foundry Networks•inSORS Integrated Communications

•Polycom Worldwide

•RADVISION•TANDBERG•VBrick Systems

Internet2 Corporate Members•ADVA Optical Networking•Apparent Networks•Arbinet-thexchange, Inc.•C-SPAN•Caterpillar, Inc.•Cdigix•Cedar Point Communications•Comcast Cable Communications•CommuniGate Systems•EBSCO Information Services•Education Networks of America, Inc.•Fujitsu Laboratories of America•Global Crossing•Google•HaiVision Systems, Inc.•Johnson & Johnson•KDDI Corporation•LifeSize Communications

•Lucent Technologies•Media Links, Inc.•Napster, LLC•Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)•Northrop Grumman Information Technology•OCLC Online Computer Library Center•OpVista, Inc.•RIAA•Red Hat, Inc.•Ruckus Network, Inc.•Schlumberger•Steelcase, Inc.•The Thomson Corporation•Verizon Business•Video Furnace, Inc.•VoEx, Inc•Warner Bros.

Current International Partners

Asia-PacificAAIREP (Australia)APAN (Asia-Pacific)ANF (Korea)CERNET/CSTNET/ NSFCNET (China)JAIRC (Japan)JUCC (Hong Kong)MYREN/MDeC (Malaysia)NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand)PERN (Pakistan)REANNZ (New Zealand)SingAREN (Singapore)NCHC/TANet (Taiwan)

AmericasCANARIE (Canada)CEDIA (Ecuador)CLARA (Latin America & Caribbean)CNTI (Venezuela)CR2NET (Costa Rica)CUDI (Mexico)REUNA (Chile)RETINA (Argentina)RNP [FAPESP] (Brazil)SENACYT (Panama)

EuropeARNES (Slovenia)BELNET (Belgium)CARNET (Croatia)CESnet (Czech Republic)DANTE (Europe)DFN-Verein (Germany)FCCN (Portugal)GARR (Italy)GIP- RENATER (France)GRNET (Greece)HEAnet (Ireland)HUNGARNET (Hungary)NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)PSNC/PIONER (Poland)RedIRIS (Spain)RESTENA (Luxembourg)RIPN (Russia)SANET (Slovakia)Stichting SURF (Netherlands)SWITCH (Switzerland)TERENA (Europe)JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)

AfricaMCIT [EUN/ENSTINET] (Egypt)TENET (South Africa)

Middle EastEtisalat University College (UAE)Israel-IUCC (Israel)Qatar Foundation (Qatar)

South AsiaERNET/CDAC (India)

Internet2 International Partners

Summary

• Internet2 started October 1996• From 34 to over 200 universities today

– 50+ other research and non-profit institutions• From United Nations to Lawrence Berkeley Labs to the New World Symphony

– 50+ for profit companies– 30 state and regional R&E networks– Primary, secondary schools, museums, libraries, healthcare institutions through Sponsored Educational Group Participants (SEGP)

– More than 50 international partners

Summary

• Internet2– Provides a high-performance network environment for the US research and education community• optimized to meet the needs of research, teaching, learning, clinical and outreach missions of that community

– Enables the development and deployment of new network, middleware and applications technologies, services and protocols

– Draws the community together to support these efforts

Technology– Computing continues to follow Moore’s Law– Storage is moving to the atomic level– Networking is exploding in the optical and wireless domains

– Identity management middleware enables virtual communities

– Human/Computer interface is rapidly evolving

• Culminating in the Cybersphere – persistent, pervasive, global, and immersive information/knowledge environment

Integrated Systems Model

Internet2 infrastructure

K20 School

UniversityLibrary

Research Laboratory

UniversityLibrary

Library

ResearchLaboratory

K20 School

K20 School

Museum

Museum

NationwideNetwork Links

100 Mbps -10 Gbs

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

The Internet2 network

• Replaced the old “Abilene” backbone network• Hybrid optical and IP network • Fiber, optical equipment dedicated to Internet2; Level 3 maintains network and service level

• Infrastructure to support multiple networks– Internet2 IP Service– Dynamic and static circuit services– ESnet’s next generation network

• Platform supports production services and experimental projects

Internet2 Network Capabilities• Capacity and reliability to serve large scale projects – eVLBI, LHC, NEON, TeraGrid

• Flexibility to support smaller projects at lower bandwidths, for variable durations

• Lightpath provisioning to the campus

• Ideal platform for network research

Switched WDM Optical Layer

Provisioned Services

Internet2 Network: Infrastructure with Multiple Services

Routed IP Network”

“SONET Switched Network”

“Ethernet VLAN Switched Network (i.e., HOPI)”

Switched SONET Layer (vcat, lcas)

Multi-Layer GMPLS Networks

Ethernet Layer

Router Layer

Separate (Peering) Control Plane Instantiations for each of the above

Circuit Service Types

• Static Services - Configured by our NOC– Ethernet or SONET Framed over Lambda - Directly on the Infinera wave equipment

– SONET Circuits through the Ciena equipment– Ethernet Framed tagged or untagged circuits under SONET via GFP

– MPLS L2VPNs

• Dynamic Circuit Service– Only through the Ciena equipment at the start, eventually evolving to the full platform

– Create Circuits in seconds for periods of hours to weeks

Internet2 Network - Layer 1

Internet2 Network - Layer 1

Internet2 Network Optical Switching Node

Level3 Regen Site

Internet2 Redundant Drop/Add Site

ESnet Drop/Add Site

The Crucial Role of the RONs

Advanced R&E Networking:Networking CapabilitiesTODAY

– Megabit-per-second bandwidth– IP-based services– Campus-focused middleware– Loose coordination across networks

TOMORROW– Gigabit-per-second bandwith– IP-based and Dynamic Circuit (DC) services

– Inter-domain middleware – High coordination across networks

Middleware Infrastructure• Focus:

– Inter-institutional collaboration– Scalable authenticated/authorized access to remote resources

• Internet2 role:– Defining/creating architecture: Shibboleth

– Tools to implement: Shibboleth, Grouper, Signet

– Infrastructure/Services to scale: InCommon, USHER

Advanced R&E Networking:ApplicationsTODAY• TV-Quality Videoconferencing• Gigabyte-class data sets among small research groups

• Limited access to remote scientific instruments

TOMORROW• Uncompressed HDTV and gigapixel displays• Terabyte-class data sets among global research groups

• Routine, reliable, and discipline wide access to remote scientific instruments

Access to Unique Scientific Instruments• Astronomy• High-Energy and Nuclear Physics

Health Science Research and Instruction

Tele-health• Medical instruction• Clinical practice• Research

Images courtesy of NOAA

Weather Prediction and Disaster Recovery

Supporting Large-scale Distributed Sensor Networks• Ecology• Seismology• Meteorology

Collaboration and Communication

Hi-fidelity Collaboration• HD-quality video• CD-quality audio

Fine Arts Rehearsal and Performance

NEPTUNE

http://www.neptune.washington.edu/

Lewis and Clark: Then and Now

http://ali.apple.com/lewisandclark/

JASON

http://www.jason.org/

Digital Learning Commons

http://www.learningcommons.org/

CI Functions and Interactions

Instrumentation

Security

Control

DataGeneration

Computation

Analysis

Simulation

Program

Security

ManagementSecurity and

Access

AuthenticationAccessControl

Authorization

User

ControlProgram

ViewingSecurity

3DImaging

Display andVisualization

.

DisplayTools Security

DataInput

CollabTools

EducationAnd

Training

HumanSupportHelp

Desk

Policy andFunding

ResourceProviders

FundingAgencies

Campuses

SearchData SetsStorage

Security

RetrievalInput

SchemaMetadata

DataDirectories

Ontologies

Archive

Cyberinfrastructure Vision:More Than High-End Computing and Connectivity• Focused making greater capabilities available across the science and engineering research communities

• Allows applications to interoperate across institutions and disciplines

• Ensures that data and software are preserved and easily available to all

• Empowers enhanced collaboration over distance and across disciplines

Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-RibbonAdvisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure

Implications of Internet2’s Experience for the Internet• Higher education is a leader in Internet technology innovation and deployment

• College student experiences drive commercial demand

• Fiber reaching ever-closer to the end user

• New industries (gaming, home video creation/sharing) are demand drivers

The Broadband Homeof Tomorrow

SON and FRIENDSwatching on-demandHDTV nature show

0 10 20 30

20 Mbps

DVR saving HDTV sportsevent for later viewing

0 10 20 30

20 Mbps

Family movies sharedwith UNCLE and AUNTacross the country.

0 10 20 30

6 Mbps

MOTHER consulting with DOCTOR andGRANDMOTHER via 3-way DVD-quality videoconferencing,Including real-time blood pressure and heart rate data

0 10 20 30

6 Mbps

FATHER working with COLLEAGUES viaDVD-quality videoconference and sharedvirtual whiteboard 0 10 20 30

6 Mbps

70 Mbps

70

04/21/23 55

Next Steps in Network Development• Optical and wireless technologies

– New types of transport technologies– All-optical switching– 10x leap in bandwidth– Ubiquitous coverage

• Middleware deployment• Next generation of Internet protocols (IPv6)

Gigaband Requirements vs. Current Broadband TechnologyGigaband Requires Current Broadband

At least 100 Mbps 7/24/365 Less than 1 Mbps-10 Mbps

Equal capacity upstream and downstream

Unequal upstream and downstream capacity

End-to-End Architecture Impediments to end-to-end architecture (Firewalls, NATs, Filtering, etc.)

Network-wide standards compliant authentication & security

Site-specific non-standard authentication & security

04/21/23 57

Last Mile Options for Gigaband• Phone lines

– Twisted pair requires fiber distribution to the curb• AT&T U-verse example

• Cable TV– Current ‘channelization’ won’t support GigaBand– Restructured architecture could provide gigabit service

• Wireless– Current licensed/unlicensed spectrum insufficient– Massive spectrum reallocation required for needed capacity

• Fiber to the home/establishment– Verizon FiOS

Top Outstanding Issues

• Gigaband deployment• Network Neutrality• Symmetric end-to-end performance

• Federated authentication• Network security

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International

Questions?

• Find us at www.internet2.edu

www.internet2.edu