RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS in Rabi 2014-15

&

FUTURE RESEARCH PRIORITIES

Associate Director (Research)

CSK HP Krishi Vishvavidyalaya

Palampur – 176062 (H.P.)

Monthly rainfall during Rabi 2014-15 as compared

to Rabi 2013-14 in Himachal Pradesh

Month Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Seasonal

total

Actual (mm)

2014-15 18.1 3.9 51.2 68.4 145.0 189.4 68.2 33.4 569.5

2013-14 20.4 15.8 25.4 66.3 117.2 118.0 248.9 66.7 678.7

Normal

(mm)

40.6 19.2 42.9 92.5 92.5 104.8 59.1 61.4 451.6

Departure (%)

2014-15 -55 -80 19 -26 57 81 15 -46 26

2013-14 -50 -18 -41 -28 27 13 10 9 32

4

• Crop Improvement

• Crop Production

• Crop Protection

• Hill Farm Mechanization

Future Thrust Areas

• Natural Farming & Organic Farming

• Agro-techniques for Protected Cultivation

• Soil Health

• Rainfed Agriculture

Research Programme Areas

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

CROP IMPROVEMENT Release Proposal :Wheat Variety

HPW 360 (Palam Gehun 1)

HPW 349

Early sown rainfed conditions of HP

Status of Yellow Rust Resistant

Wheat varieties

Early sown Timely sown Late sown Foot Hills

(Plain zone)

HPW 360 HPW 368 VL 892 DPW 621-50

HS 542 HPW 349 HS 490 HD 2967

VL 829 HPW 249 WH 1080

HS 375 HPW 236

Himpratham HPW 155

Sapthdhara HPW 147

HS 507

VL 907

Release Proposal :Wheat Variety

HPW 360 (Palam Gehun 1)

HPW 349

Early sown rainfed conditions of HP

HPW 360 (Palam Gehun-1)

Early sown rainfed conditions

HPW 368 (Palam Gehun-2)

Timely sown rainfed/IR conditions

Yellow Rust Resistant Varieties of Wheat

VARIETIES IN PIPE LINE

Crops Line Time of

sowing

Irrigated/

Rainfed/

others

Yield

potential

(q/ha)

Status

Wheat HPW 413 Early sown Rainfed 36.0 AVT

HS 583 Timely

sown

Irrigated 48.0

AVT

HPW 422 Late sown Restricted

Irrigation

41.0 AVT

Linseed KL-257 Uttera

method

9.0

AVT

KL-263 Prepared bed

14.6

AVT

Oat PLP-14 Irrigated 350.0 IVT

Performance of Rye Grass 3 locations (Palampur, Bajaura & Akrot)

Entries Green

fodder Yield

(q/ha)

Dry Matter

Yield (q/ha)

Crude Protein

Content (%)

Makhan Grass (UPL Advanta

Pvt. Ltd.)

532.48 103.84 8.40

Palam Rye Grass 1 491.62 108.70 8.82

Punjab Rye Grass -1 (C ) 387.55 92.92 10.08

Varieties Identified for Recommendation

from SVRC/CVRC*

Crop Variety

Wheat HPW 360 (Palam Gehun-1)

HPW 368 (Palam Gehun-2)

Gram DKG 986 (Palam Chana 1)

Gobhi Sarson GSC 7

Tall Fescue Grass* Hima-14

Seed Production

Quality Seed Production (All major Cereals, Pulses, Vegetables, Fodder Crops

(2014-15)

Type of Seed Quantity (q)

Nucleus 12.76

Breeder 472.20

Foundation 483.17

Breeder and Foundation seed of different crops

produced in Rabi 2014-15

S. No. Crop Breeder seed (q) Foundation seed (q)

1. Wheat 428.93 458.00

2. Barley 7.65 2.50

3. Pulses 7.27 6.48

4. Oilseeds 6.32 5.90

5. Fodders 20.00 -

6. Vegetables 2.03 10.29

Total 472.20 483.17

2,39,200 Tall fescue grass root slips were supplied

CROP PRODUCTION

Block level Soil Fertility Maps have been developed for all

the districts of the State

17134 soil samples across the state analysed revealed:

43.9 percent samples had pH below 6.5 (acidic) and 47.8 percent

were neutral in reaction (pH 6.5-7.5)

Organic carbon was low in 10.6 percent samples while, 34.6 and

54.8 percent samples were medium and high, respectively.

Percent deficient samples in available N, P and K were 38.2,

11.8 and 6.1, respectively

DTPA extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were found deficient in

7.8, 1.5, 0.2 and 1.2% samples, respectively

Soil Testing

Long Term Fertiliser Experiment

Exclusion of potassium and sulphur in plant nutrition

resulted in a drastic reduction in crop yields as

compared to balanced application of nutrients. The

grain yield of wheat without sulphur application during

1980-81 was 19.7 q/ha which has decreased to 11.9

q/ha during 2014-15. However, 100% NPK is being

applied.

Declining trends in yield of maize and wheat crops

with higher application of chemical fertilizers (150%

NPK).The grain yield of wheat during 1972-73 was

47.0 q/ha which declined to 16.8 q/ha during 2014-15.

Identification of Need Based Cropping Systems (2014-15)

Crop sequence Yield main product (q/ha)

Rice equivalent

yield

(REY) (q/ha)

Kharif Inter

crop Rabi (I) Rabi (II)

Rice- Wheat 44.51 14.68 62.12

Rice - Pea-summer Squash 40.72 34.09 52.08 160.98

Okra- Radish – Onion 17.05 28.41 86.17 191.76

Turmeric – Peas – Summer

Squash 23.67 39.77 47.35 186.08

Rice- Lettuce - Potato 44.51 9.47 46.4 100.38

Rice – Palak – Cucumber 38.83 11.36 113.64 163.83

Rice – Broccolli – Radish 35.04 25.8 21.78 108.43

Colocasia – Peas + Coriander 42.61 5.97 23.34 137.88

LSD (P=0.05) 32.11

CROP PROTECTION

Four Point Strategy (Joint Venture of University & Department of Agriculture)

– Yellow rust resistant varieties

– Awareness: Preparation of Pamphlets

– Survey & Surveillance

– Chemical control

YELLOW RUST MANAGEMENT IN WHEAT

New fungicides for the control of yellow rust of wheat

Treatments Dosage

(gm or ml/l)

Rust Severity

(%)

Per cent

Disease

Control

Yield

(q/ha)

Azoxystrobin 11% +

Tebuconazole 18.3%

SC

1.0 8.6 (17.1) 90.5 37.3

Azoxystrobin 11% +

Tebuconazole 18.3%

SC

1.5 6.3 (14.5) 93.0 45.1

Azoxystrobin 11% +

Tebuconazole 18.3%

SC

2.0 4.7 (12.5) 94.7 47.5

CAVIET 1.0 10.0 (18.5) 88.9 44.9

CAVIET 1.5 7.1 (15.5) 92.1 46.6

CAVIET 2.0 4.2 (11.8) 95.3 47.4

Propiconazole 25%

EC

1.0 9.7 (18.2) 88.3 37.3

Control - 90.2 (71.8) - 24.1

CD - 1.5 - 3.1

Loss Assessment in Wheat by Aphids

The avoidable losses in grain yield of wheat is a function

of population density. At Palampur, losses to the

extent of 28.64 per cent have been established.

Evaluation of Biopesticides for the Management of

Mustard Aphid

Azadirachtin (0.00045%) and Melia (0.03%) were found

most promising against mustard aphid and resulted in 89.1

and 88.1 per cent reduction in population, respectively,

after 7 days of application on mustard crop.

Mustard aphid

•Application of imazethapyre @ 80g/ha in garden

pea as post emergence (2-3 leaf stage of the weed) gave

effective control of weeds and gave 61.3 q/ha pod

yield as compared to two hand weeding and weedy

(57.3 and 10.2 q/ha), respectively.

•Application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha in

linseed, as pre-emergence and clodinofop propargyl

60 g/ha as post emergence were found to be most

effective herbicides.

Evaluation of Herbicides in Crops

Monitoring of Herbicide Resistance

• No herbicide resistance in weeds of dominant cropping

system was noticed in low and mid hill regions in wheat,

maize and rice.

Herbicide Residues in Crops

Cropping System : Transplanted Rice - Wheat

Crop: Rice Herbicide : Butachlor

Residue : Soil (ppm) :BDL Grain (ppm) : BDL Rice straw (ppm) : BDL

Crop: Wheat Herbicide : Isoproturon

Residue : Soil (ppm) : BDL Grain (ppm) : BDL Wheat straw (ppm) :BDL

BDL: Below detectable limit

Detectable limit = (0.001 ppm) (GC technique)

VEGETABLE CROPS

Vegetable Grafting

Grafted Tomato

Grafted Capsicum

Polyhouse technology perfected for high value crop cultivation

Technologies for Protected Cultivation

GI Wire meshed inner support net

Designs of Polyhouses for Zone- IV for areas experiencing heavy snow

Production technology evolved for… Tomato Capsicum Cucumber

Capsicum

Tomato Cucumber

Organic Crop Production

MAIN FOCUS

Pulses (low volume high value crops) and vegetables

• Effective utilization of

rainfed areas

INFORMATION GENERATED

Ad-hoc guidelines for Cultivation of important

crops of mid Himalayas under organic farming

conditions.

Enriched Composts

•In onion-soybean cropping system application of liquid manure Himsol

produced significantly higher total onion equivalent yield (82.56 q/ha) as

compared to the control (62.59 q/ha).

•Application of vermi-compost @ 7.5 t/ha + seed treatment with

Jeevamrit + 3 sprays of vermiwash is the most economical treatments for

nutrient management in garden pea.

Crop Genotype Seed Yield (q/ha)

Gram DKG 18-II 10.29

Check HC-II 9.70

Lentil HPLO-2 11.11

DKL-61 10.19

Check Vipasha 8.88

Nutrient Management

Organic Input Responsive Genotype Identified

Management of Insect pest and diseases Crop Insect pest/

disease

Management Yield

(q/ha)

Severity

(%)

Gram Gram pod borer

(Helicoverpa armigera)

NPV heli @ 3 ml/lt just before the

flower initiation stage of crop

17.28 10.50

Panchgavya @ 10% 13.58 10.78

Control 8.64 34.93

Gram root rot/wilt

complex

Seed treatment with Trichoderma (5g/kg) 16.96 10.30

Spray of Neem Seed Kernel Extract

(NSKE) @ 5%

14.64 15.60

Control 9.16 46.30

Potato Early blight of

potato

Trichoderma harzianum (5g/kg) and spray

with Tamarlassi (5%)

129.63 22.00

Panchgavya (10%) 114.81 25.50

Control 66.67 44.60

Pea Pea Leaf Miner

insect

Agneyastra (5%) 93.83 40.07

Neem oil (5ml/l) 79.01 45.39

Control 44.44 59.04 NPV = Nuclear polyhydrosis

Virus

Onion

Crop production under Organic Farming

Lentil Gram

Potato Garden pea Onion

organic

crop of

Garlic (Var.

GHC-1)

Training for

preparation

of different

composts

FARM MECHANIZATION

Seeder and seed cum ferti drill in operation

The effective field capacity of Seeder and seed cum ferti

drill was observed almost same i.e. 0.11 ha/h at a

forward speed of 2.4 km/h with field efficiency of

68 %.

On Going Research Projects

S. No. Particulars No. of

Projects

Budget Outlay (in lakhs)

ICAR Funded Projects

1. AICRPs 37 1494.18

2. Adhoc Projects 13 961.45

DBT Funded Project 7 237.23

DST Funded Projects 5 103.48

UGC funded projects 7 79.86

Miscellaneous Adhoc Projects 49 919.76

RKVY Projects 10 551.37

Total 128 4347.33

THANKS