PowerPoint Presentation

Are Domestic Schools the only Option for a PhD? Anthony S. Eritano

MARC/RISE Fellowship MeetingApril 20th, 22nd 2015

Presentation OutlineWhy peruse a PhD outside the USRikenRiken Center for Developmental BiologyInternational Program AssociateMy ResearchLife in Kobe and JapanWhy peruse a PhD outside the USSee the world!New and exciting scienceGlobal push to basic scienceHigh level of supportWell fundedSupportive

By the factsDomesticTime: 5-7 yearsBachelor or Masters degreeTeaching requirementAverage pay: $28,000/year (taxed)Little housing supportClasses requiredStrict Requirements (GRE and GPA)RotationsInternationalTime: strict 3 yearsMasters degree requiredNo teaching requirementAverage pay: $30-35,000/year (tax free)Full housing supportResearch onlyFocused on Letters of RecommendationDirect admit

Rikens Mission..To foster research of the highest quality and open up new fields of research through collaboration and integration.To develop and maintain advanced, large-scale research infrastructure for the scientific community and promote its shared use.To pioneer innovative programs to support cutting-edge research and the training of young researchers.To return the results of research to society, improve peoples lives and contribute to culture and education.Facts about RikenPlease refer to the blue hand out..Riken is too big to talk aboutRiken CDB

Facilities at Riken CDB30 Scanning Confocal Microscopes4 Prototype LSM 900 series SCF3 Two Photon SystemsSequencing and Oligo CorePlasmid prep machineNext Gen and Sanger SequencingFantom Clone LibraryState of the art transgenic facility10 Electron Microscopes3 Cryo EMProteomics Core8 HPLC5 FPLC4 FACS Mass spec / gas chromatograph facility

Research Areas at Riken CDBCell Environment and ResponseOrganogenesisStem Cell and Organ RegenerationMathematical Developmental BiologyResearch and Development

Research Areas at Riken CDBCell Environment and ResponseMorphogenetic Signaling: Shigeo HayashiChromosome Segregation: Tomoya KitajimaGrowth Signaling: Takashi NishimuraDevelopmental Epigenetics: Ichiro Hiratani

Research Areas at Riken CDBOrganogenesisCell Adhesion and tissue modeling: Masatoshi TakeichiNeocortical Development: Carina HanashimaEpithelial Morphogenesis: Yu-Chiun WangCell Assymetry: Fumio MatsuzakiSensory Circuit Formation: Takeshi ImaiEarly Embryogenesis: Guojun Sheng

Research Areas at Riken CDBStem Cell and Organ RegenerationPluripotent Stem Cells: Hitoshi NiwaLung Development: Mitsuru MorimotoIn Vitro Histogenesis: Mototsugu EirakuOrgan Regeneration: Takashi TsujiTissue Microenvironment: Hironobu FujiwaraResearch Areas at Riken CDBMathematical Developmental BiologyHistogenetic Dynamics: Erina KuranagaAxial Patterning Dynamics: Hidehiko Inomata

Research Areas at Riken CDBResearch and DevelopmentRetinal Regeneration: Masayo TakahashiInternational Program AssociateBasic Info on page 15At Riken CDBJoint PhD Programs with Kyoto, Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe UniversityProvide Assistance with all paperworkTONS of Benefits and payWhy I chose Developmental Biology

Make sound sciencey17Embryo Patterning: A pathway to differentiation and organogenesis

18From dinosaurs to chickensUndergraduate ResearchFirst exposure to ResearchIntroduced me to morphogensWnts and winglessExamined role of Wnts in muscle developmentIdentified Wnt4 as a promoter of muscle development and hypertrophyDemonstrated the power of morphogens and morphogen patterning in development

Dr. Laura Burrus

Explain and elaborate on the result

19From chickens to fliesMasters Researchexposure to Drosophila as a model organismFocused on dynamics of cell divisionDesigned my project from scratchExamine ER dynamics during mitosis

Dr. Blake RiggsMy undergrad research focused on tissue level differentiation, now I focused on the dynamics within the cells20One development, two stories: differentiation and morphogenesisMasters work focused on potential mechanism of differentiationHow do these morphological changes give rise to tissues?

Previous worked focused on differentiation, but what about cellular changes (morphogenesis)How does morphogenesis influnece the temporal and spatial complexities of development21Patterning and Organogenesis

Yu-Chuin Wang (Primary PI)Laboratory for Epithelial MorphogenesisShigeo Hayashi (Secondary PI)Laboratory for Morphogenetic SignalingThe Cephalic Furrow (CF)Transitory Epithelial StructureLocated between head and thorax regionFunction and mechanism unknown

Dr. YC Wang

Magenta: resille marks MembraneGreen: h2avrfp imaged through two photon microscopy23The Cephalic Furrow (CF)

Sqh-GFPResilleH2AvThe mechanism and function of transitory epithelial folding of the Cephalic FurrowPropose three aims:Examine the mechanism of CF formation ThroughIdentify CF effector genes using cell-type specific genomic approachesExplore CF functionality by genetically ablating or synthetically reconstituting CF formation

Mention the overall goal of research is the title!!!25Examine the mechanism of CF formation and its interplay with neighboring tissueQuantitative and correlation imaging of CF initiationBetter observe the forces required for CF formationGenetic, pharmacological and mechanical perturbation of CF initiationEstablish which forces are required for CF formationThe interplay between CF and neighboring tissue Does surrounding tissue impact CF formation?

b0 sec.800 sec.

YC WangFirst type of imaging will show cell behavior and dynamics changes within the forming tissue

Second type of imaging will examine the interplay with neighboring tissue26Identify CF effector genes using cell-type specific genomic approachesDetermine Eve stripe 1 translatomes via T.R.A.P.Determine what gene are transcribed in CF forming region

Remind people of eve and btdDownstream targets are unknown

TRAP will be used to determine downstream expression patternsComplementary I will use DamID will determine what EVE and btd occupy in the genome27Explore CF functionality by genetically ablating or synthetically reconstituting CF formationGenetically ablate CF formationConfirm fidelity of target genesDetermine what targets are necessary for CF formationSynthetically reconstitute (ectopic) CF formationConfirm our gene networkDetermine sufficiency of target genes in CF formation

Synthetically create a CF once we have knowledge of the geneeeded for it to formquestion mark that you placed over the graphics. You will have a battery of genes that are specifically expressed in the CF regions and you will be able to link the patterning information (eve and btd) through the effector genes that you will identify to the morphological changes. And with these genes, you will be able to do the two things you listed on this slide: genetic ablation and synthetic reconstitution.

28Living In Japan

29Kobe University

Kobe University

Around Japan

Thank you for your time!Questions?

Contact InformationEmail: aeritano@gmail.comLINE: aeritano