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REPUBLIC OF KENYA
SECTOR PLAN
FOR
DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES
The Principal Secretary
Ministry of Devolution and Planning
National Drought Management Authority
P. O. Box 53547-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: ……………………………
e-mail:[email protected]
Website: www.ndma.go.ke
©Government of the Republic of Kenya 2013
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 iii
FOREWORDDrought has for decades been the single most disastrous natural hazard in Kenya that has destroyed livelihoods and caused hunger, disease and even death. Of the US$ 12.1 billion of drought-related damages and losses recorded in 2008-2011, US$ 11.3 billion was attributed to lost income flows across all sectors of the economy. All this happened despite the fact that drought evolves slowly and need not become a disaster if adequate and appropriate mitigation and resilience measures are put in place. The Jubilee Government fully recognises that national development is not possible unless the threat posed by drought is contained.
It is with this background that the Government has committed itself to ending drought emergencies in Kenya by the year 2022. This commitment has clearly been spelt out in the Second Medium Term Plan (MTP 2013-2017) for the Kenya Vision 2030, launched by H.E. Hon. President Uhuru Kenyatta, CGH, on 3rd October 2013. In the Second MTP, Ending Drought Emergencies has been recognized as one of the key foundations to attaining the 10 per cent GDP growth target envisaged in the Vision 2030.
This Kenya Vision 2030 Sector Plan for Drought Risk Management and Ending Drought Emergencies has been developed through extensive consultations between state and non-state actors. It reflects two significant changes in our understanding of drought emergencies in Kenya. The first is that they have their roots in poverty and vulnerability, and in the fact that Kenya’s drought-prone areas are also among those which have benefited least from investment in the past. The second is that drought emergencies are complex challenges which can only be managed by strong and competent institutions, able to draw on new streams of finance as well as the skills and resources of all actors.
The National Drought Management Authority under my Ministry will lead and coordinate our efforts towards the target we have set ourselves of ending drought emergencies by 2022. In so doing, we will also fulfil Kenya’s obligations under the IGAD framework for drought resilience, where all Heads of State and Government in the region committed themselves to ending drought emergencies in the Horn of Africa. I welcome all those who share our belief that drought emergencies can end to work with us towards that noble goal.
Anne Waiguru, O.G.W.
Cabinet Secretary, Ministry of Devolution and Planning
iv VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
PREFACE Following the 2011 drought that led to unprecedented humanitarian crisis in Kenya and the entire Horn of Africa, the Government has taken bold steps towards ending drought emergencies in the country. In this respect, the National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) has been established as a specialized institution for drought management and for spearheading efforts towards ending drought emergencies in Kenya. The commitment has further been entrenched into the Second Medium Term Plan 2013-2017 for the Kenya Vision 2030 where ending drought emergencies is now one of the foundations to rapid and sustainable development in Kenya.
This Sector Plan recognizes that drought emergencies cannot cease unless the key foundations for development in the drought prone ASALs are not effectively addressed. Key among these are infrastructure; education; health; livelihoods; peace and security. It also gives emphasis on strengthening institutional and financing framework for drought management.
All these interventions cut across many sectors and hence the need for all relevant stakeholders to work hand in hand to ensure Kenya realizes the goal of ending drought emergencies by the year 2022. Emphasis will be laid on close working relationship among Government Ministries, County Governments; development partners; private sector; NGOs; CBOs; and Faith Based Organizations.
Finally, I would like to sincerely thank all who spared their valuable time to actively participate in preparation of this Plan. Highly appreciated is the role of: the Ministry of Devolution and Planning; Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure; Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resource; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries; Development Partners; ASAL-Based NGOs; Pastoralists’ Parliamentary Group (PPG); and the National Drought Management Authority. I am confident that the Plan will play a key role in guiding the sector players towards ending drought emergencies in Kenya as envisaged in the Second MTP of Kenya Vision 2030.
Eng. Peter O. MangitiPrincipal Secretary for Planning
Ministry of Devolution and Planning
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 v
TABLE OF CONTENTSFOREWORD III
PREFACE IV
ACRONYMS VI
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 SITUATION ANALYSIS 2
1.1 Drought and its impacts in Kenya 2
1.2 Sustainable livelihoods in the ASALs 3
1.3 Peace and human security 4
1.4 Climate-proofed infrastructure 5
1.5 Human capital development 6
1.6 Gender and social analysis 7
1.7 Drought preparedness and response 8
1.8 Coordination 8
3 EMERGING ISSUES AND CHALLENGES 9
4 PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS FOR 2013/14 – 2017/18 12
5 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS 20
5 MONITORING, EVALUATION AND COORDINATION 22
6 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 24
BUDGET 25
IMPLEMENTATION MATRIX 27
INFRASTRUCTURE 34
ANNEX 1: MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK 68
vi VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
ACRONYMSACC African Conservation Centre
AfDB African Development Bank
ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution
ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Lands
ASF ASAL Stakeholder Forum
BMU Beach Management Unit
CAP Consolidated Appeal
CBAHW Community-Based Animal Health Worker
CCA Climate Change Adaptation
CCK Communications Commission of Kenya
CDM Clean Development Mechanism
CEWARN Conflict Early Warning mechanism (IGAD)
CEWERU Conflict Early Warning and Response Unit
CG County Government
CHS Community and Household Surveillance (WFP)
CLRC Community Learning Resource Centre
CMDRR Community Managed Drought Risk Reduction
COFI Community Owned Finance Initiative
CPP Country Programme Paper (EDE terminology)
CPRC Chronic Poverty Research Centre
CSP Conflict-Sensitive Programming
DCF Drought Contingency Funds
DEDE Drought and Ending Drought Emergencies (thematic group)
DI&RP Department of Immigration and Registration of Persons
DPC District Peace Committee
DRR Drought Risk Reduction
DRSRS Department of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 vii
DSG (CSG) District (County) Steering Group
EAC East African Community
EDE Ending Drought Emergencies
EFA Education for All
EHRP Emergency Humanitarian Response Programme
EMIS Education Management Information System
EMMS Essential Medicines and Medical Supplies
EWER Early Warning and Early Response
FSA Food Security Assessment
GAM Global Acute Malnutrition
HEA Household Economy Analysis
HINI High Impact Nutrition Intervention
HMIS Health Management Information System
HSSF Health Sector Services Fund
ICC Inter-Ministerial Coordination Committee
ICTs Information and Communication Technologies
IDDRSI IGAD Drought Disaster Resilience and Sustainability Initiative
IGAD Inter-Governmental Authority on Development
ILRI International Livestock Research Institute
ITK Indigenous Technical Knowledge
KAA Kenya Airports Authority
KfW KreditanstaltfürWiederaufbau
KDHS Kenya Demographic and Health Survey
KEBS Kenya Bureau of Standards
KEFRI Kenya Forest Research Institute
KEMSA Kenya Medical Supplies Agency
KENHA Kenya National Highways Authority
KFS Kenya Forest Service
KFSM Kenya Food Security Meeting
viii VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
KFSSG Kenya Food Security Steering Group
KIRDI Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute
KLDC Kenya Leather Development Council
KMD Kenya Meteorological Department
KNFP Kenya National Focal Point on Small Arms and Light Weapons
KRA Kenya Revenue Authority
KRDP Kenya Rural Development Programme
KWS Kenya Wildlife Service
LAPSSET Lamu Port South Sudan Ethiopia corridor
LCBS Low Cost Boarding School
LEAS Law Enforcement Agencies
LMB Livestock Marketing Board
MDGs Millennium Development Goals
MDNKOAL Ministry of State for Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands
MEMR Ministry of Environment and Mineral Resources
MoA Ministry of Agriculture
MoL Ministry of Lands
MoLD Ministry of Livestock Development
MoLG Ministry of Local Government
MoSPAIS Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security
MPND&V2030 Ministry of State for Planning, National Development and Vision 2030
MTAP Medium-Term ASAL Programme
MWI Ministry of Water and Irrigation
NACONEK National Council on Nomadic Education in Kenya
NCEWERS National Conflict Early Warning and Early Response System
NG National Government
NDMA National Drought Management Authority
NEMA National Environment Management Authority
NEP North Eastern Province
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 ix
NESSP National Education Sector Support Programme
NIB National Irrigation Board
NIMES National Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation System
NKIF Northern Kenya Investment Fund
NSC National Steering Committee on Peace Building and Conflict Management
NEMA National Environment Management Authority
NPS National Police Service
NSNP National Safety Net Programme
NWCPC National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation
PES Payments for Environmental Services
RECSA Regional Centre on Small Arms in the Great Lakes Region, the Horn of Africa and Bordering States
SACCO Savings and Credit Cooperative
SALW Small Arms and Light Weapons
SRA Strategic Result Area (EDE terminology)
TTC Teacher Training College
UNISDR UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
WFP World Food Programme
WRMA Water Resources Management Authority
WSB Water Services Board
x VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 1
1 INTRODUCTIONDrought is one of the biggest threats to Kenya Vision 2030. It has dramatic consequences for the country, causing widespread suffering and loss among drought-prone communities. It also has a major impact on the economy; the 2008-2011 drought cost Kenya US$ 12.1 billion in damages and losses combined and slowed GDP by an average of 2.8 per cent per annum.1Without urgent action, these impacts will worsen as climate change deepens. Better management of drought is therefore critical to national development.
Since droughts evolve slowly, their impacts can be monitored and reduced. Kenya will eliminate the worst of these impacts by pursuing two simultaneous strategies. First, on an ongoing basis, and regardless of prevailing drought conditions, it will take measures to strengthen people’s resilience to drought. These measures will be the responsibility of all sectors, since drought vulnerability is the product of deeper inequalities in access to public goods and services. Second, it will improve the monitoring of, and response to, emerging drought conditions in ways that harness the efforts of all actors – communities, the government and its development partners – in an effective and efficient manner. This will be the responsibility of the new National Drought Management Authority (NDMA).
The content of this document builds on the Ending Drought Emergencies Kenya Country Programme Paper (CPP). It draws to a significant degree from existing strategies, both for individual sectors and for the ASALs, and particularly the Vision 2030 Development Strategy for Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands. With the exception of the activities implemented by the NDMA (described in section 3.2), everything else in this document is already contained within the relevant sector MTPs and does not, therefore, require additional finance. The purpose of re-presenting activities in this document is two-fold. First, to highlight the contribution that each sector is making to drought resilience, particularly those which in the past were not conventionally understood in such terms, such as infrastructure or education. Second, to provide in one document a comprehensive portfolio of resilience-related activities, in order to facilitate monitoring and evaluation of the commitments the Government has made to Kenyans under the IGAD framework and for ease of communication with interested development partners.
This Medium Term Plan will be operationalised through a number of common programme frameworks against which the contributions of all stakeholders will be aligned. The operational details of this Plan, including its monitoring and evaluation framework will be refined through those frameworks.
1 Republic of Kenya (2012) Post Disaster Needs Assessment, 2008-2011
2 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
2 SITUATION ANALYSISThe programme to End Drought Emergencies emerged in the wake of the 2008-11 droughts in the Horn of Africa. At a summit of Heads of State and Government in Nairobi in September 2011, IGAD was directed to coordinate member states in implementing this initiative.2 The Kenya country paper seeks to create ‘a more conducive environment for building drought resilience’. It will do this primarily by investing in the critical foundations for development (such as infrastructure, security and human capital) and by strengthening the institutional and financing framework for drought risk management with the new National Drought Management Authority at its core. The Kenya paper commits the government to end drought emergencies within ten years.3
The concept of ‘resilience’ has become very topical, for three reasons: first, to avoid the human suffering and other costs of late response, highlighted for example in the Post Disaster Needs Assessment of the 2008-11 drought period. A second reason is the increase in climate variability and the need to prepare for the more substantial consequences of future climate change. Third, the concept of resilience appears to bridge the divide between the conventional spheres of ‘relief’ and ‘development’, offering a more holistic and helpful approach in situations of chronic food insecurity.
The EDE programme is in line with the Constitution, particularly the national values and principles of governance such as human dignity, social justice, and protection of the marginalised. Article 43 guarantees the right of all Kenyans to be free from hunger, one of the main causes of which is unmanaged drought. Significant parts of the programme will be implemented through the new devolved structures, particularly in peace and security, health, and sustainable livelihoods, and coordinated by the county offices of the National Drought Management Authority working in close partnership with County Planning Units.
1.1 Drought and its impacts in Kenya
Drought is the single most important natural hazard in Kenya. It shatters livelihoods and causes hunger, nutrition-related disease, and even death. Droughts may lead to a decline in food production, affect the migratory patterns of pastoralists, exacerbate resource-based conflict, and cause substantial loss of assets, triggering acute food insecurity among vulnerable households and placing a heavy strain on both the local and national economies. Of the US$ 12.1 billion in drought-related damages and losses between 2008 and 2011, US$ 11.3 billion was attributed to lost income flows across all sectors of the economy.4
The livestock sector was particularly badly hit during the last drought, accounting for 72% of total damages and losses.5 But drought emergencies also have significant social impacts – on gender roles, on young people’s prospects (when children are withdrawn from school, for example), on customary support systems, on the incidence of conflict, and on inequality (since the poorest have least capacity to recover, leading to a downward spiral of vulnerability).
While climate variability is a normal characteristic of dry land ecosystems, it will become more pronounced and unpredictable with climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) notes that climate change, if not tackled, will have a severe negative impact on global water supply, agricultural yields, marine ecosystems and the spread of vector-borne diseases. In recent years Kenya has experienced recurrent floods, which have caused widespread crop damage and livestock losses, and prolonged frequent droughts. Both phenomena are manifestations of a changing climate; both have significant social, economic and ecological implications, and both contribute to food insecurity, especially in the ASALs.2 IGAD Drought Disaster Resilience and Sustainability Initiative (IDDRSI) in the Horn of Africa3 The paper was tabled at Cabinet on 11th October 2012 and approved.4 Republic of Kenya (2012) Post Disaster Needs Assessment, 2008-20115 Ibid
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 3
Between 1975 and 2011 there were at least ten serious droughts, three of them in the last seven years (2005-6, 2008-9 and 2010-11). The number of people affected by repeated drought emergencies appears to be rising. According to the inter-agency Kenya Food Security Steering Group (KFSSG) an estimated 4.5 million people were affected in 2011, 3.8 million in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) and 700,000 in non-ASAL areas. The extent to which the rise in these numbers is attributable to the deepening vulnerability of drought-affected populations, or to the growing severity of drought conditions, is a subject of debate.
Droughts are a national concern and affect the whole of Kenya, either directly or indirectly. As well as their direct impacts on the economy, they affect the linkages between different sub-economies, ecologies and communities. For example, there may be structural problems of over-production in one area which could compensate for under-production in another if infrastructure were improved. Similarly, poor management of water towers has extensive downstream consequences, while drought stress can exacerbate conflict over natural resources between neighbouring social groups.
However, the direct impacts of drought are most severe in the ASALs. Although average annual rainfall in some arid counties can be as low as 150 mm, the challenge is not so much the quantity of rainfall as its distribution, and the lack of measures to store and manage it effectively. More fundamentally, drought emergencies are a product of deeper vulnerabilities affecting people’s livelihoods and well-being, the nature of which differs across the ASALs.
1.2 Sustainable livelihoods in the ASALs
More than 80 per cent of Kenyan land is arid or semi-arid and has great and varied potential, for example in livestock production, tourism and cultural diversity, irrigated agriculture, mining and mineral extraction, solar and wind energy, rangeland plants and crops, and seasonal water run-off that is currently not being harnessed. However, little of this potential is currently realised, while any revenue that is generated does not necessarily benefit the region; only a small proportion of the earnings from tourism reaches local communities, for example.
The ASALs are also characterised by harsh climatic conditions coupled with diminishing, and in places degraded, natural resources, water stress, and poorly coordinated management of water resources between the many actors involved. Competition over pasture and water can lead to conflict, which curtails pastoral mobility, undermines the productivity of pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihoods and makes chronic food insecurity more acute. Resource-based conflict also occurs between people and wildlife: 90 per cent of wildlife in Kenya is found in the ASALs, with 75 per cent residing outside the designated national reserves and game parks.
The defining feature of the ASALs is aridity, which ranges from 150-550 mm per year in arid areas to 550-850 mm in semi-arid. Certain parts of the ASALs have the lowest development indicators and the highest incidence of poverty in Kenya; poverty levels of more than 60 per cent for the general population are not unusual, and can be as high as 90 per cent. Livelihoods are undermined by unfavourable market conditions, inadequate infrastructure, limited access to services such as animal health, and a poorly developed financial sector. However, there are now opportunities within the financial sector to expand credit services and rural SACCOs, to promote financial literacy, and to use the taxation system to attract investment and expand the business sector.
The most vulnerable people in the ASALs have been dependent on relief assistance from the World Food Programme and the Government of Kenya for several decades. The government recognises that emergency food aid is needed to save lives in times of crisis. However, the focus will now be on building community resilience for sustainability, and improving the enabling environment in order to attract
4 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
investment and promote sustainable growth and development. Moreover, humanitarian assistance, when required, can be provided in ways that support the local economy, for example by substituting food with cash vouchers channelled through financial institutions.
Cash transfer safety net programmes are proving to be an important vehicle for addressing chronic vulnerability. By providing regular and predictable payments, particularly with the additional safeguard of electronic transfer, they protect some of the poorest households. The registration and payments infrastructure also provides a means to scale up in response to shocks, and to facilitate a wider range of investments that improve agricultural productivity, livelihood diversification, and outcomes in health, nutrition and education.
Land in arid and pastoral counties is predominantly managed on a communal basis, which facilitates nomadic pastoralism. However, this mode of production is threatened by factors such as land fragmentation, population pressure, urbanisation, large flagship projects, and encroachment into the ecosystem by invasive species such as Ipomea and Mathenge (prosopis juliflora). Charcoal burning, quarrying, firewood cutting and sand harvesting degrade the environment still further.
In semi-arid counties, the viability of marginal agriculture is being progressively weakened by population growth, land pressure, and an over-dependence on rain-fed production and on crop and pasture varieties which are poorly adapted to drought conditions. Crop production is largely at subsistence levels. Little of the value of agricultural production is captured locally because there are few processing or marketing facilities. In arid counties, and some semi-arid counties, drought resilience is undermined by lack of adequate investment in the basic enablers or foundations of development which weakens adaptive capacity.
Most production systems in Kenya enjoy some level of state support in areas such as research, market access and services. However, despite contributing 12 per cent to national GDP,6and despite its important role in natural resource management and environmental stewardship, pastoralism, the dominant production system in the arid lands, receives little public subsidy; instead, it is currently inappropriately subsidised by repeated injections of emergency aid. Inadequate investment in the enabling environment for development has several consequences: it undermines the resilience of communities and production systems, it deters private sector investment, it leaves the significant potential of the ASALs untapped, and it results inmajor inequalities in human development. The three most critical foundations for drought resilience are security, infrastructure and human capital.
1.3 Peace and human security
a. Drought and conflict are mutually reinforcing. The scarcity of water and pasture experienced during drought periods, and the inter-communal competition over natural resources that results, whether within the pastoral system, between pastoralists and farmers, or between people and wildlife, increases insecurity within Kenya and across its borders. These stresses are overlaid on other drivers of conflict, such as the subdivision and commercialisation of rangelands, or boundary disputes exacerbated by competitive politics or the discovery of new resources (such as oil in the Kerio Valley). At the same time, insecurity increases vulnerability to drought, by impeding migration, curtailing access to services and resources, destroying assets, and damaging inter-communal relations.
b. The impact of conflict is exacerbated by the proliferation of small arms and their easy movement across borders. At least 500,000 weapons are thought to be in illegal hands.7Poorly harmonised
6 Behnke, R. and Muthami, D. (2011) The Contribution of Livestock to the Kenyan Economy, FAO / IGAD7 Estimate by the Ministry of Internal Security
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 5
disarmament policies between governments in the region, and weak surveillance and control of long and porous borders, prevent successful management of this issue.
c. Kenya has a well-established peace building and conflict management architecture, with a National Steering Committee (NSC), Provincial-level Committees, and close to 200 District Peace Committees (DPCs). The NSC has been hampered by inadequate government funding, while the DPCs lack capacity and resources and are not present in all areas that need them; nor are there comparable cross-border structures in place. Community peace agreements are not enforced, and the response to security emergencies is often late, inadequate and counter-productive.
d. However, this architecture is being strengthened. Approval of the Peace Building and Conflict Management Policy will ensure a more appropriate level of funding. County Peace Secretariats, and County Conflict Early Warning and Response Centres, are being established to advise each Governor on peace issues, to take preventive action, and to act as a hub for information sharing. A National Action Plan is being developed to implement Kenya’s contribution to CEWARN’s recently endorsed strategy for 2012-19,8 which extends jurisdiction of the CEWARN mechanism beyond the current cross-border conflict clusters to the country as a whole. At the continental level the African Union Policy Framework for Pastoralism provides a platform for Kenya to institutionalise a process to secure, protect and improve the lives, livelihoods and rights of pastoralist communities, for which peace is fundamental. The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) will maintain its support to the NSC given the close links between conflict and drought vulnerability.
1.4 Climate-proofed infrastructure
Kenya Vision 2030 states that Kenya will be a country that is firmly interconnected, where no part will any longer be called remote. This statement is highly significant for the north, where people consistently rank infrastructure as among their top three priorities. Poor infrastructure increases vulnerability to drought by reducing access to markets and basic services and by deterring the investment needed to expand and diversify the economy. Better infrastructure is key to opening up the region but it must be climate-proofed. This requires that current and future climate risks are factored into its design and implementation, given the cost, significance and anticipated life-span of infrastructure investments.
There are four priority sectors.
Transport (particularly roads): An area covering nearly 400,000 km2 of land has less than 1,000km of tarmac, much of which is in disrepair. Key arterial routes linking Kenya to international markets in Ethiopia, South Sudan and Somalia are poorly maintained and periodically closed by flooding or other damage; feeder roads are few. There are several airstrips; Wajir airport is being upgraded and Isiolo airport is under construction. There is no rail network – a situation which will not change until the railway component of the LAPSSET corridor is implemented – and no inland ports and waterways. The significance of the road infrastructure for drought resilience can be seen in the impact of the completed stretch of 136 km between Isiolo and Merille River, which is already expanding and stabilising markets.
Energy: The energy potential of the ASALs from both renewable and non-renewable sources is only starting to be tapped. Just one arid county, Isiolo, is served by the national grid. Population growth and urbanisation are increasing energy demand, with consequences to the environment; demand will increase still further as investment and the manufacturing sector expand. The work of the Rural Electrification Programme has had a positive impact: by June 2011 it had installed solar PV systems in 476 schools and health centres in the ASALs, with funds to connect a further 380 facilities by June 2013.9
8 CEWARN – IGAD’s Conflict Early Warning mechanism9 Republic of Kenya (2012) Vision 2030 Development Strategy for Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands
6 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Water and sanitation: In 1992, renewable fresh water per capita in Kenya was 647 cubic meters. This is projected to fall to 235 cubic meters by 2025 if water resources are not properly harnessed.10Water quality remains a major issue in the utilisation of water. The condition of underground water has not been fully assessed. Sanitation infrastructure in most arid counties is absent or inadequate; installation of a modern sewage system in Wajir town is underway.
The region’s large rivers could support the irrigated production of crops and fodder. However, the lessons from the many failed irrigation schemes of the past are yet to be learned. Moreover, the viability of large-scale irrigation requires prior and complementary investments in access roads, education and financial services. Catchment management is poor and water harvesting inadequate. Land reclamation activities are underway in seven ASAL counties (Turkana, Garissa, Baringo, West Pokot, Laikipia, Isiolo and Kitui), where 35,000 hectares have been reclaimed for agricultural production.
ICTs: Access to ICTs is comparatively poor, although the infrastructure for the fibre optic cable has now reached several locations in the north (Lokichoggio, Lodwar, Marsabit, Moyale, Mandera, Wajir, and Garissa). For the most part the region remains reliant on expensive satellite communication systems. Mobile telephone operators are expanding their networks but coverage is still limited to the major towns. ICT development will support the education, political participation and market integration of ASAL communities.
1.5 Human capital development
Educated and healthy people can draw on greater reserves of capital to withstand shocks such as drought. For example, families with children in employment are far less likely to suffer significant drought stress, while episodes of ill-health are the single biggest cause of people falling into poverty.11Sudden or prolonged sickness can trigger a downward spiral into destitution and loss.12However, many ASAL communities face major challenges in accessing basic education and primary health care due to complex structural and social reasons. As a result, the disparities in education and health outcomes between arid counties in particular and the rest of Kenya are so acute that major investment will be required if the Constitutional obligations under the Bill of Rights are to be met.
Education: In some arid counties female literacy is less than 10 per cent, against a national average of 69 per cent.13 While primary net enrolment in North Eastern Province (NEP) has more than doubled since 2000, in 2009 it was still only 35.5%, against a national average of 92.9%. Estimates of Kenya’s out-of-school children vary. Different sources range from 1.1 to 1.9 million children; close to 50 per cent of these are accounted for by just 12 ASAL counties.14Even urban-based children in arid counties are out of school, either because poverty forces them into work, or because of concerns about the quality and relevance of the education system.
Girls are further disadvantaged by cultural norms of early marriage and male preference: just 10 per cent of the girls in Wajir who enrolled in Standard 1 in 2003 were still in school by Standard 8 in 2010.15 People with disabilities and minority groups also face obstacles in accessing education. Educational, research and technical training institutions across the arid lands are few and under-staffed in comparison with population size and need. Moreover, the education system has relied until recently almost solely on a system of fixed schools even for nomadic populations.16 The creation of the National Council on Nomadic 10 Republic of Kenya (1992)National Water Master Plan11 Narayan/Petesch (2007) Moving out of Poverty, World Bank12 Ursula Grant (2005) Health and Poverty Linkages: Perspectives of the Chronically Poor, CPRC13 Republic of Kenya (2007) Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey, 2005-0614 Current EMIS figures are less than one million, but are not based on the 2009 census figures. Watkins, K. and Alemayehu, W. (2012) Financing for a
Fairer, More Prosperous Kenya: A Review of the Public Spending Challenges and options for Selected Arid and Semi-Arid Counties, Brookings Institution Working Paper 6.
15 Ibid16 The Ministry of Education now operates 87 mobile schools.
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 7
Education in Kenya (NACONEK), and the approval of a Policy Framework for Nomadic Education, open the way to more responsive service delivery models, such as mobile and distance learning.
Health and nutrition: As well as Kenyans’ individual rights to basic services as stipulated in the Constitution, the country needs a healthy and productive labour force to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the goals of Vision 2030. This means that children born today must be properly nourished and cared for. Sadly, many children are affected by growth faltering (poor growth) and iodine, iron and Vitamin A deficiencies. Several factors contribute to the poor nutrition situation in Kenya, including inadequate investment in food production and nutrition, climate-related stress, rising food prices, changing lifestyles, and poverty. A child in an arid county is more than twice as likely as the average Kenyan child to live in a household that has insufficient income to cover their basic nutritional requirements.17 The result is that among under-fives in North Eastern Province, acute malnutrition is estimated at 19.5 per cent, stunting at 17.7 per cent and underweight prevalence at 24.5 per cent.18There is an important link between nutrition and education. Children affected by malnutrition in their early years are less likely to enter school at an appropriate age and to reach secondary school. There is also evidence that malnutrition in early childhood can affect cognitive development.19Micronutrient deficiencies in Kenya are widespread: nationally, Vitamin A deficiency is 76 per cent and iron deficiency anaemia among children is 73 per cent.20
A significant proportion of people in arid areas have limited access to quality health care. Staffing levels in the region are 50 per cent below WHO recommended staffing norms. The current vacancy rate in 10 counties of Northern Kenya, assessed against establishment figures, is 79 per cent.21 Child mortality rates are high, at 80 per cent per 1000 live births in NEP.22 Maternal mortality rates are also high at 488 per 100,000 live births respectively (nationally).23 Only 17 per cent of children in NEP are delivered in health facilities and 31.6 per cent receive delivery assistance from skilled personnel. Less than half (48.3 per cent) of children in arid counties receive all their recommended vaccinations, against an average of 77 per cent for Kenya as a whole.24People’s health and nutritional status is further affected by a scarcity of potable water, which compromises sanitation and hygiene, and by chronic food insecurity.
1.6 Gender and social analysis
Drought vulnerability is also influenced by social systems and by cultural values and practices, since these determine access to, ownership of, and control over resources and the benefits accruing from those resources. In pastoral communities, as in other parts of the country, the roles, responsibilities and activities of women and men are distinct yet inter-dependent. Men dominate the public sphere, in areas of leadership, decision-making and politics. Women and men may have equal access to productive resources (such as land, water, livestock and wildlife), but control over these resources, and their benefits, is vested in men.
For example, in most ethnic groups, women, girls and boys receive livestock in the form of gifts and inheritance, but men control the same. Women own and control the benefits from animal products (such as milk, ghee, hides and skins), but decisions over land, water and other natural resources are taken by men, whether in male-dominated councils of elders or in group ranches. There is a tension between men’s dominance over resources and women’s roles as custodians of family welfare, which can have a major impact on food security.
17 UNICEF (2011) Northern Kenya Social Policy Data Summary18 Republic of Kenya (2010) Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, 2008-0919 Watkins and Alemayehu, 201220 Ministry of Health (1999) National Micronutrient Survey21 Capacity Kenya (2012) Human Resources for Health (HRH) Assessment of Northern Kenya22 Republic of Kenya (2010) Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, 2008-0923 Ibid24 UNICEF (2011) Northern Kenya Social Policy Data Summary
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Women’s subordinate position in society disadvantages them further, for example from participating in development decision-making. Rarely do women or youth occupy management positions in institutions such as water committees, for example, unless an external agency requires this. They also have limited access to information, education and training; female literacy in some arid counties is less than 10 per cent. Certain customary practices and beliefs also damage women’s welfare and well-being, including early marriage, wife inheritance, property inheritance, and female genital mutilation.
Many young people are also vulnerable and voiceless. There are few jobs for those who complete the school system, but also little possibility of returning to pastoralism from which the education system has distanced them. Some provide labour to herd-owning families while others seek a living within the informal sector in towns, where the lack of opportunity in education and employment destroys their chances of fulfilling their potential. With few economic options, lack of political power, and limited experience and confidence in the public sphere, women and young people are greatly disadvantaged.
1.7 Drought preparedness and response
Despite recent improvements to early warning and contingency planning systems, drought management in Kenya has continued to take a reactive, crisis management approach rather than an anticipatory and preventive risk management approach. Late response leads to an over-reliance on emergency food aid, which may deepen dependency, disrupt socio-economic activities and undermine existing marketing systems, thereby weakening rather than strengthening resilience. Failure to act promptly and appropriately on early warning information, coupled with a lack of contingency finance, contributes significantly to drought emergencies.
A contingency planning system is in place but still lacks set-aside contingency finance. Contingency plans are submitted through the District (County) Steering Groups but often without the evidence-based scenarios that are likely to convince partners to fund them. Another concern is the weak link between emergency operations and interventions designed to support recovery and development.
1.8 Coordination
Drought management is a cross-cutting issue that requires collaborative action by a range of public and private sector agencies at national, county and community levels. There are many actors implementing and coordinating drought management initiatives, resulting in duplication, confusion, lack of synergy, and poor accountability. This degree of complexity calls for policy, institutional and legal frameworks capable of aligning initiatives to the government’s development plans and harmonising approaches and strategies in different areas.
The existing government coordination structures include the Kenya Food Security Meeting (KFSM) and the Kenya Food Security Steering Group (KFSSG) at the national level, and the district/county steering groups at the county level (DSG/CSG). Under the former Arid Lands Resource Management Project (ALRMP) these structures operated informally; they relied on the goodwill of individual players, which made it difficult to enforce resolutions. This situation will change now that the National Drought Management Authority has been established with a statutory underpinning to coordinate and harmonise multi-stakeholder responses to drought.
A new institutional framework for the coordination of ASAL development has recently been put in place with the passing of Sessional Paper No. 8 of 2012 on the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands (discussed in section 4).
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3 EMERGING ISSUES AND CHALLENGESASAL livelihoods and lifestyles are changing in several ways. Drought management strategies and investments must therefore respond to these trends.
• Urbanisation: Rapid population growth, caused by both higher fertility and in-migration, is increasing the proportion of the settled population and consequently the demand for jobs. In-migration from non-ASAL areas is a particular feature of the southern rangelands, given their proximity to Nairobi, and of development ‘hot-spots’, such as Isiolo. Those who leave the pastoral system as a result of drought or conflict, and who may be unable or unwilling to return to a pastoral way of life, also swell the settled population. The pastoral system can anyway absorb only a finite number of people, since its productivity depends on an appropriate balance between population and environment. Urban livelihoods are largely based on the informal sector, which is dominated by women. As well as the main centres, unviable settlements are mushrooming, driven by political competition, and threatening both the environment and the viability of pastoralism. The number of settlements in Wajir, for example, increased from 4 in 1940, to 45 in 1996, to 71 in 2002 – an increase of more than 50 per cent in five years.25
• Pastoral transformation: The pastoral system itself is changing, as it always has. Processes of commercialisation and individualisation are widening the gap between wealthier and poorer households. In some places paid wage labour is starting to replace the labour previously provided by family members. Pastoralism is also changing as a result of processes affecting the rangelands, including the disruption of traditional seasonal transhumance patterns, the expansion of community conservancies, the unchecked influx of people and livestock, and the spread of invasive species. Both the movement of livestock (through their interaction with wildlife) and their concentration contribute to the spread of livestock disease, which disease control systems are not strong enough to contain.
• New investment, for example in roads and marketing infrastructure, is beginning to drive an expansion of private sector activity in the region. There is considerable potential for investment in processing and marketing facilities, for both livestock and horticultural products, which would retain value addition within the region. LAPSSET, and its associated investments (such as the Isiolo resort city), is a major new development with significant implications for the region. It will create new economic opportunities and strengthen integration, but if not well designed and managed it will also generate significant risks, such as displacement and barriers to mobility and natural resources. The new-found wealth from oil and other natural resources also brings both benefits and risks.
All these trends present both challenges and opportunities. The challenges include job creation and skill development for the growing urban population, particularly for young people; appropriate forms of social protection for the most vulnerable, whether they remain within the pastoral system or pursue a life in town; and new social dynamics which can, for example, increase the risk from factors such as HIV/AIDS, and which also change gender roles. Women often experience greater cultural and economic independence in urban settings, which may be both liberating and oppressing in equal measure. The opportunities presented by these trends include new sources of income and increased demand for services that are tailored to the particular needs of the region (such as sharia-compliant or livestock-focused services);26the potential for proper town planning and development; and easier service provision to settled populations. A noteworthy recent development is that both government and non-state actors are making much greater use of cash in their programmes, reflecting the growing strength of local markets and integration of rural and town-based economies.
25 Walker, R. and Omar, H. (2002) Pastoralists Under Pressure: The Politics of Sedentarisation and Marginalisation in Wajir District, Northeast Kenya, Oxfam GB26 One example is the Community Owned Finance Initiative (COFI) launched in 2012, the first sharia-compliant SACCO in Kenya.
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Reinforcement of pastoralism. Livelihoods are clearly evolving, but pastoralism remains the dominant production system in the ASALs and underpins its regional economy. In some counties it provides employment and food security to more than 70 per cent of households. It also makes an important contribution to natural resource management and sound stewardship of the natural environment. There have always been strong social and economic ties between mobile and settled populations; these are being cemented still further as the diversification of urban livelihoods is tending to focus on value addition within the livestock sector. However, pastoralism has never been afforded the policy and institutional support which will allow it to flourish to the full, despite evidence of pastoralists’ adaptability both to climate variability and emerging economic opportunities. The African Union’s Policy Framework for Pastoralism in Africa requires domesticating in the Kenyan context and measures taken to support mobility, a key drought management strategy.27 Further, the harmonisation of policies that facilitate cross-border mobility in the Horn of Africa region will enhance climate resilience, peace and stability, and intra-regional trade. This process should be guided by a mapping of cross-border migration patterns.
New architecture for peace. Insecurity in the ASALs, both domestically and cross-border, remains a fundamental barrier to resilience. The new national peace structures, including the National Peace Council and its Secretariat,28 the County Peace Secretariats and the County Conflict Early Warning and Response Centres, as well as the draft Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons, once approved, present a major opportunity to improve peace and security within Kenya, to strengthen the management of cross-border risks and relationships (such as the illegitimate movement of small arms and the legitimate movement of livestock for trade and food security), and to harmonise policies and approaches across the region. The formal establishment of these structures through a Legal Notice is imminent.
New ASAL-focused institutions, networks and forums, including the National Drought Management Authority. With the gazetting of the NDMA in November 2011, Kenya now has a permanent and specialised institution tasked with providing leadership on drought management, coordinating the work of all stakeholders implementing drought risk management activities, and ensuring delivery of the EDE strategy. The capacity of the NDMA will be strengthened to deliver this mandate.
A variety of other institutions have recently been established to focus on the distinct challenges and opportunities of the ASALs. As well as the peace structures mentioned above, the National Council on Nomadic Education in Kenya (NACONEK), established under the Basic Education Act of 2012, will lead implementation of the Policy Framework for Nomadic Education in Kenya. The Livestock Marketing Board, gazetted in 2011, will facilitate livestock marketing both domestically and in the region/internationally. The ASAL Secretariat is a permanent and specialised institution that will champion and coordinate development in the ASALs so that their distinct challenges and opportunities are appropriately and equitably addressed in national policy, programming and resource allocation.
There are several hundred civil society organisations working in the ASALs on a range of issues, which could make a significant contribution to the EDE through their technical expertise and reach on the ground. However, their work is often poorly coordinated, with little harmonisation or synergy within the sector. The ASAL institutional framework provides forums for both state and non-state actors to plan, execute, monitor and coordinate interventions more effectively in the ASALs. The ASAL Stakeholder Forum, for example, held its inaugural meeting in July 2012 and provides a platform at both national and county levels for dialogue between government, UN agencies, development partners, NGOs, the private sector and ASAL citizens. Other regional and national forums have recently been created that bring partners and donors together. These include the ASAL Alliance,29 the Kenya Humanitarian Forum, the Agriculture
27 African Union (2010) Policy Framework for Pastoralism in Africa: Securing, Protecting and Improving the Lives, Livelihoods and Rights of Pastoralist Communities, Department of Rural Economy and Agriculture.
28 Currently the National Steering Committee on Peace Building and Conflict Management29 A group of international NGOs working in the ASALs with an interest in resilience
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and Rural Development Forum and UNISDR, among others. While these networks expand opportunities for learning and exchange, they also complicate the task of overall coordination.
Financing for drought management. There are several different but related challenges. First, the most appropriate time to invest in resilience is when conditions are good; however, substantial finance is generally triggered by crisis rather than by normality. Second, the allocation of budgets, whether from government or its development partners, remains weighted towards either emergency response or conventional livelihoods activities; financing for the critical foundations (such as roads, education and peace), which will ensure that the other activities achieve their maximum impact, is comparatively lower. Third, decision-making on early warning information is slow and cumbersome, such that funds are released too late in the drought cycle to mitigate its impacts. Fourth, the significant resources which government does make available30 are channelled through each sector’s normal financing and procurement channels, which are not nimble enough to support timely action. In order to address these challenges, the government is establishing the National Drought Contingency Fund (NDCF). This will allow the pooling of resources from different donors, both state and non-state, and ensure a more timely, harmonised and efficient response to emerging drought conditions.
Information for drought response. Investment decisions must be guided by a serious and trusted drought information system, linked to the contingency financing mechanism, which all actors draw on to guide their response. This information system should provide accurate warning as droughts evolve and use evidence-based triggers to prompt appropriate and timely response at different stages of the drought cycle. Kenya has had a drought early warning system for more than two decades. This system is now being reviewed to improve its technical quality, to accommodate the new focus on resilience and drought risk management, to address the emerging challenges of climate change, and to exploit the potential offered by new technologies and information-sharing mechanisms.
Social protection. Plans are underway to bring together five major cash transfer programmes in Kenya within a National Safety Net Programme (NSNP), thus progressively harmonising the government’s response.31One of these five programmes is the Hunger Safety Net Programme which targets the most vulnerable households in four arid counties and which will in future be implemented under the oversight of the NDMA. The NDMA is already exploring the complementarities of social protection, climate change adaptation, and drought risk reduction (for example, the use of cash transfers through the HSNP infrastructure to mitigate drought stress). The HSNP is also conducting a comprehensive registration of households in its four counties of operation which will be accessible to the county governments and other actors in order to guide programmes other than social protection, including the scale-up of cash transfers during drought periods.
Regional and global linkages. Drought is a regional phenomenon and requires collaborative action to facilitate and promote cross-border mobility, trade and security. The IGAD EDE initiative is starting to provide this kind of inter-governmental coordination, although it is not yet adequately embedded in national processes, and its regional component is insufficiently driven by national priorities. At the global level, critical weaknesses continue to be the delay in the flow of adaptation finance to developing countries and the inability of international financing systems to respond, to any substantial degree, in the absence of crisis. Global trends such as food and fuel prices also have a major impact on drought vulnerability, as witnessed in 2011.
30 More than Kshs. 10bn in 2011, for example31 The five programmes are the Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children, the Hunger Safety Net Programme, the Older Persons Cash Transfer, Persons with
Severe Disability and the Urban Food Subsidy Programme
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4 PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS FOR 2013/14 – 2017/18Programmes and projects to build drought resilience and end drought emergencies fall into two categories: those which will be implemented under the leadership of the new National Drought Management Authority, and those which will be implemented through other sectors:
• The programmes and projects listed in section 3.1 below are consistent with, and included in, the relevant sector plans. They are presented here partly for emphasis, partly to demonstrate how the sectors will contribute to drought resilience and the achievement of EDE, and partly to provide in one document a comprehensive portfolio of resilience-related activities.
• The programmes and projects listed in section 3.2 are those which fall under the NDMA’s mandate and which are not otherwise being implemented by the sectors.
The programmes and projects outlined in this section are consistent with the Strategic Response Areas (SRAs) used in the IGAD framework. In Kenya, SRAs 2 and 6 fall under the mandate of the National Drought Management Authority and are therefore combined in a single matrix which is in line with the NDMA’s strategic plan.
4. Projects to be implemented through the sectors
4.1.1 Peace and human security (SRA 1): implemented by the National Steering Committee in the Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security and by County Governments, supported by the NDMA.
Flagship projects for 2013-2017
• Establish a forensic laboratory conforming to international standards.32
• Adopt and implement the Draft Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons.
Other interventions
• Strengthen peace and security infrastructure in the counties and across both internal and international borders, and by engaging all relevant actors, including traditional institutions, through the following activities:
• Establish and operationalise 23 County Peace Secretariats and 23 County Early Warning and Response Hubs to support drought and conflict mitigation, as envisaged under the National Peace Building and Conflict Management Policy.
• Establish a rapid response / contingency fund to narrow the gap between early warning of conflict and response.
• Implement peace dividend projects in 23 conflict-prone ASAL counties.
• Build the presence and capacity of the police service and law enforcement agencies (LEAS) to provide security in ASAL counties, deter inter-clan conflict, and build trust between LEAS and the public.
• Strengthen the monitoring capacity of the response apparatus in ASALs through increased
32 Sector flagship, to increase the successful prosecution of cases
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deployment & training and the provision of better equipment.
• Strengthen border management capacity at Liboi, Hulugo, Moyale, Mandera, El Wak, Kotulo, Wajir Bor and Lokichoggio, including training of LEAS and installation of modern screening equipment.
• Mainstream conflict-sensitive programming (CSP) in development planning.
• Operationalise the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) framework in the Constitution of Kenya 2010.
4.1.2 Infrastructure (SRA 2): implemented by various MDAs
Flagship projects for 2013-2017
• Construct, upgrade or rehabilitate 2,209km of priority roads to enhance connectivity and market access (KeNHA).33
• Construct 20 solar-powered ICT centres (Maarifa Centres) (Ministry i/c ICT).
• Expand mobile phone coverage by fully operationalising the Universal Fund (CCK).
• Harness the region’s energy potential through the construction of various wind farms (Ministry i/c Energy).34
• Construct and/or rehabilitate nine water supply systems and ensure quality management of water systems in well-established permanent settlements in the arid region (Ministry i/c Water).
• Construct nine waste water treatment plants and nine solid waste management projects in well-established permanent settlements in the arid region (Ministry i/c Water and Sanitation).
• Map groundwater in Turkana and Marsabit (underway), Isiolo (by WRMA),35and four other counties selected on the basis of their water stress indices, to assess groundwater potential and its distribution and guide the sustainable development of this resource.
• Construct multi-purpose dams: one large and 11 medium-sized.36
4.1.3 Education (SRA 3): implemented by the Ministry in charge of Education
Flagship projects for 2013-2017
• Establish and operationalise the National Council on Nomadic Education in Kenya (NACONEK). The Council is provided for within the Basic Education Act, 2012. It will be established through a Gazette Notice, and once operationalised will implement the Policy Framework on Nomadic Education which was launched in 2010. NACONEK’s objective is to promote access, retention and quality education for all nomadic communities. Its operationalisation is key to realising MDG and Education for All (EFA) goals.37
• Recruit and deploy more teachers to schools in arid and pastoral counties.38 The sector will 33 These roads are: Kitale-Marich Pass-Nadapal (534km), Malindi-Bura-Madogo (331km), Rumuruti-Maralal (120km), Modogashe-Wajir-Elwak (346km), Isiolo-
Garbatulla-Modogashe (195km), Garissa-Daadab-Liboi (209km), Marsabit-North Horr-Loiyangalani (274km), Nginyang-Lokori-Lokichar (200km).34 These are in Marsabit, Isiolo, Turkana, Wajir, Mandera, Ngong Hills & Lamu.35 This mapping is connected with the development of Isiolo resort city, and scenarios for the availability of water under climate change.36 The final number of dams will be determined by a technical assessment of the topography and environmental conditions of the county and therefore the
appropriateness of dam construction.37 Many of the interventions listed in this section are included in the implementation plan to operationalise the Policy Framework on Nomadic Education.38 The phrase ‘arid and pastoral counties’ is used to refer to counties where educational indicators are significantly below the national average, and where
educational access, equity and quality is made more complex by factors such as mobility, distance, cultural attitudes and poor infrastructure. These are Turkana,
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recruit more teachers to address the acute shortage and improve the pupil/teacher ratio at primary level to the desirable ratio of 1:25, and at secondary to 1:40.
• Establish one computer laboratory in each ASAL primary school. The sector will mainstream information technology in schools in order to achieve Vision 2030’s goal of anchoring economic development on solid foundations to drive economic development. A computer laboratory will be established in each primary school in the ASALs in order to equip students with modern ICT skills.
• Construct/rehabilitate 50 low-cost boarding schools (LCBS) in arid and pastoral counties. The sector will construct, rehabilitate and equip a total of 50 low-cost boarding primary schools in 14 arid and pastoral counties to improve access to quality basic education and address the challenges of distance and mobility. This will increase enrolment rates and ensure equity in education. The programme will supplement the national infrastructure programme under the National Education Sector Support Programme (NESSP).
Other interventions
• Construct 15 feeder schools in each of 14 arid and pastoral counties, to reduce distance to school, rationalise the use of resources and improve completion and transition rates.
• Equip 600 low-cost boarding schools in 14 arid and pastoral counties, to improve access to quality basic education and improve school retention rates.
• Designate and upgrade three Teacher Training Colleges as Centres for Nomadic Education, to provide teachers in nomadic communities with tailor-made professional support.
• Improve 100 existing mobile schools with logistics and teaching equipment.
• Develop a costed implementation strategy for the adult literacy policy framework to guide its implementation in 14 arid and pastoral counties.
• Construct 90 alternative basic education/non-formal education secondary centres in arid and pastoral counties to provide secondary education opportunities for adult learners.
• Construct and equip 70 Community Learning Resource Centres (CLRCs) in arid and pastoral counties to increase enrolment, literacy and numeracy of adults.
• Establish one vocational training centre in 14 arid and pastoral counties so that both school leavers and school drop-outs can acquire vocational skills, helping them access a wider range of livelihood possibilities or pursue pathways to other educational opportunities.
• Maintain scholarship places for girls’ education in arid and pastoral counties, administered through the Northern Kenya Education Trust, to improve access, equity and retention of girls in schools and tertiary institutions.
• Construct and equip one middle-level college in 6 ASAL counties, to increase skilled manpower for the region, and increase the bursary allocation for learners in middle-level technical colleges in the ASALs in order to improve retention, completion and transition rates.
4.1.4 Health (SRA 4): implemented by the Ministry in charge of Health
Flagship projects for 2013 – 2017
West Pokot, Baringo (East), Samburu, Isiolo, Marsabit, Mandera, Wajir, Garissa, Tana River, Lamu, Kajiado, Narok and Laikipia.
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Construction of facilities and provision of equipment:
• Refurbish and strengthen County KEMSA depots to ensure that no health facilities experience stock-out of essential medicines and medical supplies (EMMS). KEMSA will also be strengthened to procure and distribute supplementary and therapeutic feeds that comply with food safety standards.
• Equip all health facilities with basic medical equipment. Basic medical equipment are essential for diagnostic and treatment services, hence the need to assess and equip all health facilities on the basis of need.
• Build institutional capacity of Levels 2 and 3 (dispensaries and health centres) to provide functional referral services. Poor infrastructure, long distances to health facilities and lack of transport continue to hamper the provision of timely and quality health care in the ASALs. In order to improve the referral system and ultimately avert deaths, the provision of ambulances and skilled personnel in Levels 2 and 3 is necessary.
• Construct/rehabilitate food storage facilities that are secure and comply with food safety requirements. The high caseloads of severe and moderate acute malnutrition in ASAL areas require the implementation of supplementary and therapeutic feeding programmes. In turn these require the pre-positioning of the necessary nutrition commodities which were not initially planned for by the health facilities. This programme must be properly planned and implemented on a sustained basis given the challenges posed by climatic conditions, poor infrastructure and pipeline breaks.
• Strengthen outreach and mobile clinics among nomadic communities. Provision of health care services among pastoral communities is challenging given their remoteness and mobility. To enhance health care delivery in remote and hard-to-reach areas, outreach and mobile clinics will be supported with logistics, health personnel and drugs.
• Provide housing for health workers in rural facilities. Most rural health facilities lack basic shelter for the health staff deployed. The provision of housing is a form of motivation and will enhance the provision of timely and quality health care.
• Scale up of the High Impact Nutrition Intervention (HINI) in ASAL counties. Following the launch of the Scale up Nutrition (SUN) movement and the National Nutrition Action Plan, 2012, the capacities of ASAL counties will be enhanced to develop and operationalise specific county action plans. Among other things, these plans will explore the link between nutrition and learning outcomes, as well as strategies to scale up HINI components in response to shocks.
• Establish & expand innovative information technologies to strengthen health information systems and coordination mechanisms in ASAL counties. This will strengthen health and nutrition referral systems and improve patient care, e.g. through remote diagnosis.
• Enhance direct transfer of the Health Sector Services Fund (HSSF) to all health facilities in the ASALs to support operational and maintenance costs. The aim is to improve the delivery of quality essential services in an equitable and efficient manner.
• Roll out implementation of the Community Health Strategy and ensure that community health workers are adequately remunerated. The goal of the strategy is to build the capacity of households to demand for services from health providers by understanding their rights to equitable and quality health care.
• Develop and implement a motivational package to address retention challenges in arid and
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pastoral counties in line with the Second National Human Resources for Health Strategic Plan, so that the counties can recruit and deploy health and nutrition personnel in sufficient numbers.
Other intervention
• Support students, especially girls, from arid and pastoral counties to enter public health training institutions.39
4.1.5 Livelihoods (SRA 5): implemented by various MDAs and non-state actors. Many of the activities implemented by the NDMA and its partners under section 3.2 will also strengthen dryland livelihoods.
Flagship projects for 2013-2017
• Complete and fully operationalise the abattoirs in Isiolo, Wajir and Lokichoggio, with a clear management model in place for each, in partnership with the private sector.
• Produce/preserve 3000 hectares of fodder in Turkana, Marsabit and Garissa counties, i.e. in the Karamoja, Moyale and Somali peace clusters.
• Increase the production and marketing of drought-tolerant crops in semi-arid areas, by promoting dryland crop production technologies such as conservation tillage, appropriate drought-tolerant and early maturing seeds, and fertility management.
• Establish and operationalise the Northern Kenya Investment Fund (NKIF), to expand entrepreneurship and employment opportunities in the region. Job creation is a priority for the growing urban populations in the ASALs, whose well-being is significantly affected by factors such as food and fuel prices. The Fund is in the final stages of design and will be a private sector facility, supported by the ASAL Secretariat, that facilities investment with both social and economic returns.
• Establish a national livestock insurance scheme and introduce an acceptable livestock evaluation system that would make it easier for pastoralists to access credit.
Other interventions
Livestock:
• Operationalise the New Livestock Marketing Board, including development of a strategic plan, in order to give strategic direction to livestock marketing in Kenya and strengthen the legal and policy framework. The strategic plan will emphasise the role of the private sector and be informed by the lessons learned in this area, by both government and non-governmental agencies.
• Reclaim & rehabilitate livestock holding grounds in Isiolo, Samburu & Kajiado and ensure that these are appropriately developed and managed, in collaboration with the private sector.
• Develop & expand livestock markets by constructing / expanding those in 12 locations.
• Establish and/or rehabilitate meat processing factories in Wajir, Isiolo & Turkana.
• Strengthen disease control & surveillance systems along stock routes & trade markets.
• Improve range rehabilitation, fodder production and conservation.
• Take measures to support adaptation to climate change, including up-scaling of livestock
39 The budget for this is under the education sector.
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insurance, operationalisation of the Livestock Enterprise Fund, and subsidised livestock inputs.
• Promote apiculture and emerging livestock.
Agriculture, fisheries and other livelihoods:
• Promote conservation agriculture in semi-arid areas.
• Expand agricultural market access, marketing, value addition & agro-processing, especially in semi-arid counties.
• Support fish farming along Lake Turkana, Turkwel Gorge, Tana River and Lamu, through support to fishing cooperatives, producer organisations and beach management units.
• Promote ecotourism, apiculture, gums & resins and aloe vera production and protect indigenous technical knowledge.
Environment, water and sanitation:
• Monitor dryland conditions, including wildlife & livestock populations and their distribution and other ecological parameters.
• Develop land use / land cover assessments for spatial planning.
• Support climate change adaptation & mitigation, for example through the green economy road map and the introduction of CDM schemes.
• Implement catchment management strategies, and expand rainwater harvesting and the construction of sand dams, to increase the availability of sustainable water resources.
• Implement the trans-boundary waters policy and management strategy, to ensure effective management of shared water resources.
• Expand water harvesting for irrigation, in areas where it is environmentally and socially appropriate to do so.
• Strengthen forest management and income from tree-growing in drylands, through participatory forest management and the promotion of commercial growing of appropriate species.
4.2 Projects implemented under the leadership of the NDMA (SRA 2 & 5)
Flagship projects for 2013-2017
• The National Drought Contingency Fund: the NDCF will be a multi-donor basket fund that allows contributions from both the government and its development partners and has the capacity to disburse funds to drought-affected areas in a flexible, effective and efficient way. It will thus reduce the response and turn-around period. The Fund will ensure that implementation of contingency plans is fast-tracked to respond to emerging drought stress. The contingency planning process will also be computerised.
• Integrated Drought Early Warning System: this will integrate the different early warning systems used by various stakeholders and, through state-of-the-art technologies, provide accurate drought early warning information to all actors and provide triggers for response.
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• Integrated knowledge management system. This will be a platform where data, information and learning on drought and ending drought emergencies will be collected, collated and disseminated (involving, for example, websites, databases on actors and beneficiaries, MIS, stakeholder mapping, contingency fund tracking system, and so on).
• Hunger Safety Net Programme: the NDMA will take on institutional responsibility for implementation of the HSNP. It will also work with the county governments to develop registration databases, building on the comprehensive registration carried out by the HSNP in Mandera, Wajir, Marsabit and Turkana. As part of its responsibilities under the National Safety Net Programme, the NDMA will oversee the scale-up of social protection programmes such as HSNP within the national drought management system, as well as the use of other social protection measures (such as vouchers) to protect the most food insecure and vulnerable households.
Other interventions
• Reduce drought vulnerability and enhance adaptation to climate change.
The NDMA will mainstream drought risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA), social protection (SP) and EDE in planning and budgeting processes at all levels, and invest in strategic activities that reduce drought risks, enhance drought preparedness and strengthen adaptation to climate change. It will also implement strategic DRR projects, carry out DRR campaigns, mobilise resources for the EDE, and facilitate and invest in local adaptation plans.
• Provide drought and climate information to facilitate concerted action by relevant stakeholders.
The NDMA will strengthen, manage and operate the national drought early warning system, and strengthen the sharing and use of climate information at county and community levels. This will include the roll-out of an enhanced early warning system and the regular production of county drought bulletins. The NDMA will also consolidate process and disseminate all drought-related information from multiple sources, and coordinate and participate in national and county food security assessments.
• Protect the livelihoods of vulnerable households during drought.
The major lesson of drought risk management in Kenya and elsewhere is that early warning systems are of little benefit unless there is also the capability and will for early reaction. Specific activities can be carried out at different stages of the drought cycle which, in combination with the preparations made by communities, can significantly reduce the impact of drought. A key tool in this regard will be the NDCF.
The NDMA will facilitate systems of drought contingency planning and financing in response to drought risk, and invest in strategic activities that strengthen preparedness and response. It will promote early mitigation efforts that reduce the time that elapses between the warning of drought stress and the start of response. Drought mitigation activities will take a livelihoods perspective and be well-linked with long-term development strategies. Regular impact assessments will evaluate the extent to which the loss of assets by households during drought crises is being reduced.
• Ensure coordinated action by government and other stakeholders.
The NDMA will strengthen the coordination and linkages of long-term investment in resilience through the EDE framework. It will review and institutionalise the coordination mechanisms for implementing the EDE MTP, and work with relevant parts of government and other stakeholders to align their programmes and projects to the EDE framework. The NDMA will also coordinate the planning, design
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 19
and implementation of drought preparedness, mitigation, emergency response and recovery activities, and work closely with the climate change institutional framework, contributing its particular expertise in drought-related climate risks.
• Develop and apply knowledge management approaches that generate evidence for decision-making and practice.
• The NDMA will ensure that effective monitoring, evaluation, reporting and citizen-feedback processes guide drought actions, and that these actions are also in line with shared standards and guidelines across the sector. It will work with stakeholders to document, disseminate and promote best practices in drought risk reduction, climate change adaptation and social protection, and ensure adherence to agreed standards, guidelines and procedures in drought risk management.
• The NDMA will use knowledge and evidence to undertake and support legal, institutional and policy reforms, which will include enactment of the NDMA Bill, the development of a policy and legal framework that domesticates the African Union Policy Framework on Pastoralism in Africa, and support for the operations of the ASAL Stakeholder Forum. It will also identify, commission, supervise and execute relevant research and facilitate the uptake of new approaches and technologies.
20 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
5 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL REFORMSWhile it is recognised that drought is a national concern, and that its impacts extend beyond the ASALs, the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands (the ‘ASAL Policy’) provides for the institutional arrangements which will ensure effective management of drought risks in Kenya – principally the National Drought Management Authority and the National Drought and Disaster Contingency Fund, supported by the ASAL Secretariat.40 The NDMA and its contingency fund are also provided for within the NDMA Bill, currently before Parliament.
The ASAL Policy was passed by Cabinet in October 2012 and its Sessional Paper approved by Parliament in December 2012. It reinforces Constitutional provisions on inequality and marginalisation, emphasises the region’s contribution to national development, and commits the government to adopt flexible approaches to service delivery and governance in pastoralist areas. It also establishes an institutional framework for multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder ASAL development (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Institutional framework for ASAL development
1. Core ASAL Transformation Structures
Cabinet Sub-Committee
Inter-Ministerial Coordination Committee
2. Specialist ASAL-focused institutions
State (within parent Ministries)
National Drought Management
Authority
Livestock Marketing Board
National Council on Nomadic Education
etc
Non-State
Northern Kenya Education Trust
Northern Kenya Investment
Fund
etc
3. ASAL Stakeholder Forum
4. ASAL Secretariat
The ASAL institutional framework has four components:
i) Cabinet oversight, through a Cabinet Sub-Committee and Inter-Ministerial Committee.
ii) Specialist institutions in a range of areas relevant to the ASALs, including drought (the National Drought Management Authority), education (the National Council on Nomadic Education in Kenya), and livestock (the Livestock Marketing Board).
40 Sessional Paper No. 8 of 2012
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 21
iii) Stakeholder engagement through the ASAL Stakeholder Forum, whose inaugural meeting was held in July 2012.
iv) An ASAL Secretariat to service these structures and ensure policy coherence and coordination of ASAL development.
The Constitution guarantees rights to several of the provisions in this document. For example, Article 53 (1b & 1c) guarantees free and compulsory basic education to all children, and equitable and affordable health & nutrition. Article 43 guarantees rights to the highest attainable standards of health, reasonable sanitation, freedom from hunger, clean and safe water, social security and education.
Other policy documents relevant to the EDE strategy include the National Disaster Management Policy (which recognizes and validates the role of communities in disaster management), the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy, the National Land Policy, the National Livestock Policy, the National Social Protection Policy, the Policy Framework on Nomadic Education in Kenya, and the Vision 2030 Development Strategy for Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands.
The following policy, legal and institutional reforms are proposed in this document.
1. Policy and legal framework for pastoralism. In 2010 the African Union adopted a Policy Framework for Pastoralism in Africa, which seeks to secure, protect and improve the lives, livelihoods and rights of pastoralist communities and their contribution to national economies. The ASAL Policy also commits government to recognise pastoralism, through legislation, as a legitimate form of productive land use and development on the same basis as farming, and to incorporate the value of dryland goods and services within national economic planning.41 The NDMA will work with the ASAL Secretariat in leading the formulation of a policy and legal framework for pastoralism in Kenya which secures pastoral mobility and security, and which facilitates and recognises the cross-border trade and movement of livestock.
2. Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW). This policy is currently in draft. Once approved and operationalised, it will reduce the proliferation of illegal weapons.
3. NDMA Bill. This private members’ bill is currently before Parliament. Once approved it will strengthen the legal basis for the drought management architecture in Kenya. The NDMA will support its enactment.
4. Institutional reforms: the creation and/or full operationalisation of the ASAL Secretariat, the National Council on Nomadic Education in Kenya, the National Land Commission, and the National Drought and Disaster Contingency Fund are still pending. Once in place, these institutions will make important contributions to drought resilience in Kenya. The NDMA will coordinate effectively with all other ASAL institutions under the oversight of the ASAL coordination structures.
41 Sessional Paper No. 8 of 2012, Article 5.3.7
22 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
5 MONITORING, EVALUATION AND COORDINATION Monitoring and evaluation framework
The EDE country programme paper commits the Government of Kenya to end drought emergencies within ten years. Underpinning this goal is an assumption that drought-prone communities will become more resilient to shocks if two conditions are met (Figure 2):
• First, that there is accelerated investment in the foundations for development – principally infrastructure, security and human capital, in line with Vision 2030. This investment will also enhance the efficiency and impact of all activities in the region that support growth and sustainable livelihoods. It is being delivered primarily through the sectors, and is represented by the programmes and projects summarised in section 3.1. These programmes are those, in the judgment of the thematic group, most likely to improve resilience.
• Second, that the institutional and financing framework for drought management is strengthened, by establishing permanent and specialist institutions, by making contingency finance available, and by improving synergy and coordination between the various state and non-state actors involved. This is the responsibility of the National Drought Management Authority and will be delivered through the actions described in section 3.2.
Figure 2: Assumptions underpinning EDE in Kenya
Since all the programmes and projects in sections 3.1 and 3.2 are also captured in their respective sector plans and budgets, and in the NDMA’s strategic plan, they will be monitored by the institutions responsible for those plans in the normal way, and within the framework of the National Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation System (NIMES).
Over and above this, the role of the Drought and Ending Drought Emergencies (DEDE) thematic group in monitoring and evaluation is two-fold:
1. To determine whether or not the goal of ending drought emergencies within ten years has been met. This requires some definition of what is meant by ‘ending drought emergencies’ and the indicators to confirm that this has been achieved.
2. To monitor whether or not the sectors and the NDMA are fulfilling the commitments agreed in this MTP. This will be done by monitoring delivery of the outputs under each SRA in regular meetings of the DEDE thematic group. Progress will be captured in an annual progress report, produced in collaboration with development partners, and submitted for approval to the ASAL Inter-Ministerial Committee before subsequent submission to the Ministry of Devolution and Planning (as part of normal MTP reporting processes).
A monitoring and evaluation framework is in development (Annex 1), which uses a logframe-type structure and contains:
• A purpose statement (i.e. of ending drought emergencies within ten years), against which the government will be held accountable.
• Five outcome statements.
• The agreed outputs that the sectors and the NDMA will deliver. The sectors and the NDMA are responsible for delivering these outputs and reporting on the same to the DEDE coordination structures.
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 23
• At purpose and outcome level there are indicators to show progress towards the ten-year goal, both at 2017 (for this MTP) and at 2022.
Coordination
Coordination of Kenya’s Ending Drought Emergencies strategy is the responsibility of the NDMA, working in partnership with all relevant sectors and supported by the ASAL Secretariat. An early task of the NDMA will be to review the existing drought coordination structures (i.e. KFSM/KFSSG and the DSGs/CSGs) from several perspectives:
a) To bring them into line with the new structures of governance – both the devolved structures and the re-organisation of the national government after March 2013.
b) To re-orient their focus towards resilience, since KFSM/KFSSG has conventionally been most active during periods of drought crisis. It is seen as an emergency response institution, not as one planning for long-term resilience.
c) To take account of the various drought and disaster risk management networks and forums that have recently evolved.
The review of the coordination structures will clarify the relationship between KFSSG and the DEDE thematic group, since their membership is very similar (i.e. the NDMA, relevant line ministries, and development partners). For the time being it is proposed that KFSSG continue to meet monthly (for example, to review the monthly drought status), but that every third meeting be dedicated to monitoring progress against this MTP. The monitoring and evaluation framework in Annex 1 will be the principal reference point for these reviews.
The DEDE thematic group/KFSSG is ultimately accountable to the new ASAL Cabinet structures, through the ASAL Inter-Ministerial Coordination Committee. It will prepare an annual progress report, in accordance with MTP requirements, for submission to the Ministry of Devolution and Planning as part of national MTP reporting processes. It will also produce a shorter quarterly report for the use of all stakeholders and the ASAL ICC.
24 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
6 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITIONAL REQUIREMENTSThe EDE initiative is being introduced in Kenya at a time of significant change in governance and in the institutional arrangements for its delivery. Implementation of devolved governance will be lengthy and complex, particularly in arid and pastoral counties where institutional capacity is comparatively low and where the operating environment is more challenging.
The NDMA is responsible for ensuring that the drought management system is appropriately aligned with, and embedded in, the new institutions of governance. In each county it has two key responsibilities: first, to help the county structures mainstream drought risk reduction and climate adaptation into development planning and resource allocation. In this regard it will work closely with the Ministry of Devolution and Planning and build on initiatives already underway, for example under the EU-supported Kenya Rural Development Programme (KRDP), the DFID-supported climate adaptation pilot in Isiolo, and the Danida-supported Medium-Term ASAL Programme (MTAP).
The NDMA’s second responsibility is to ensure effective coordination of drought management in each county that engages all stakeholders, both state and non-state. These two responsibilities will be taken forward by the NDMA’s county teams, whose technical capacity is being enhanced, including through partnerships with specialist NGOs. A capacity building strategy for the NDMA as a whole will be developed.
The county governments will spearhead local development based on constitutional principles of citizen participation, transparency and accountability. The NDMA will support initiatives that formalize the role of communities, and the institutions that represent them, in development planning and disaster risk reduction. It is critical, for example, that planning in ASAL counties takes adequate account of factors such as mobility, clan dynamics, social structures, population distribution, and climate variability and climate change. The new ASAL Stakeholder Forum at county level will be a key partner in building effective citizen participation.
The NDMA is a permanent institution in government and as such is well-placed to provide continuity at a time of widespread institutional change. An important part of its work for the next two years will involve training county leaders, technical officers and civil society organisations in the new early warning and contingency planning systems and building their understanding of, and engagement with, the EDE initiative. The desired outcome is that county development plans contribute to the goals of EDE, and that county governments are able to hold the national government to account for delivery of the commitments set out in this strategy. The NDMA will support, as appropriate, needs assessments of the county governments’ capacities to deliver on their development agenda.42
42 MTAP has reviewed capacity development needs in 12 arid and pastoral counties.
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 25
BUDGETTable 2 is a summary budget: full details are in a separate matrix. With the exception of the Kshs. 31,877 million required for the NDMA, all other allocations are already contained with the respective sector MTPs; they do not represent ‘new’ money.
Table 2: Summary five-year budget 43
43 The budgets have been calculated by the relevant sectors (the NSC/Minis-try of Interior and Coordination of National Government; Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure/KeNHA; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries; Ministry of Environment, Water & Natural Resource; and are consistent with their sector MTPs and budgets.
26 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Priority Budget (Kshs. m)
2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 Total
Peace and security 3,978 2,762 2,033 1,580 1,220 11,573
Infrastructure 56,989 139,343 108,864 68,320 54,025 427,541
Education 11,189 11,749 12,090 4,891 5,258 45,177
Health 13,620 12,170 11,900 11,540 11,490 60,720
Livelihoods11,561 12,075 12,595 12,698 11,973
60,902
NDMA 7,275 5,560 8,472 7,136 6,535 34,978
TOTAL104,612 183,659 155,954 106,165 90,501 640,891
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 27
IMPL
EMEN
TATI
ON M
ATRI
X PE
ACE
AND
HUM
AN S
ECUR
ITY
28 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
1. E
stab
lish
&
oper
atio
nal-
ise
23 c
ount
y pe
ace
secr
e-ta
riats
To e
nhan
ce
the
capa
city
of
loca
l pea
ce
stru
ctur
es to
re
spon
d ef
-fe
ctiv
ely
to
confl
ict
23 c
ount
y pe
ace
secr
etar
iats
es-
tabl
ishe
d &
op-
erat
iona
lised
;
Quar
terly
cou
nty
& c
ross
-bor
der
peac
e &
secu
rity
foru
ms
held
No.
of
coun
ty
peac
e se
cre-
taria
ts e
stab
-lis
hed;
No.
of
peac
e fo
rum
s he
ld
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, N
SC, C
ount
y Go
vts,
NDM
A
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps,
IGAD
-CE-
WAR
N
7612
244
5050
342
2. E
stab
lish
&
oper
atio
nal-
ise
23 c
ount
y ea
rly w
arni
ng
& r
espo
nse
hubs
(EW
ER)
to s
up
por
t d
rou
gh
t &
co
nflic
t mit-
igat
ion
To
ensu
re
timel
y re
-sp
onse
to
co
nflic
t &
dr
ough
t ef
-fe
cts
23 c
ount
y EW
ER
hubs
est
ablis
hed
& op
erat
iona
l
Subm
issi
on o
f re
gula
r rep
orts
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, CE
WER
U, C
E-W
ARN,
Cou
nty
Govt
s, N
DMA
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps,
IGAD
-CE-
WAR
N
5070
3020
2519
5
3. E
sta
bli
sh
a
rapi
d re
-sp
onse
con
-tin
genc
y fun
d
To n
arro
w th
e ga
p be
twee
n ea
rly w
arni
ng
of co
nflic
t and
re
spon
se
Rapi
d re
spon
se
cont
inge
ncy f
und
esta
blis
hed
Tim
e la
pse
betw
een
ear-
ly w
arni
ng &
re
spon
se
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, N
SC, C
ount
y Go
vts,
NDM
A
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps,
IGAD
-CE-
WAR
N
200
200
200
200
200
1,00
0
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 29
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
4. I
mpl
emen
t ta
rge
ted
pe
ace
divi
-de
nd p
roje
cts
in 2
3 A
SAL
coun
ties
To a
ddre
ss
the
unde
rly-
ing
caus
es
of
confl
ict
& e
nhan
ce
peac
e le
vels
Peac
e di
vide
nd
proj
ects
impl
e-m
ente
d
No.
of
peac
e di
vide
nd p
ro-
ject
s im
ple-
men
ted;
No.
of
co
nflic
ts
repo
rted
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l G
over
nmen
t ity
, NSC
, CE-
WAR
N, C
ount
y Go
vts,
NDM
A
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps,
IGAD
-CE-
WAR
N
100
105
110
116
122
553
5. B
uild
the
ca-
paci
ty o
f the
po
lice
ser-
vice
& l
aw
enfo
rcem
ent
agen
cies
to
prov
ide s
ecu-
rity
in A
SAL
coun
ties
To e
nhan
ce
law
enf
orce
-m
ent &
bui
ld
trust
bet
wee
n LE
AS &
the
pu
blic
Trai
ned
&
equi
pped
LEA
S;
At le
ast 5
00 ve
hi-
cles
& c
omm
uni-
catio
n eq
uipm
ent
purc
hase
d;
Hou
sing
an
d te
rms
& c
ondi
-tio
ns o
f se
rvic
e fo
r pol
ice
serv
ice
impr
oved
;
Me
ch
an
ism
es
tabl
ishe
d to
in
tegr
ate
retir
ees
/ ex-
serv
icem
en
into
soc
iety
;
No. o
f veh
icle
s &
com
mun
ica-
tion
equi
pmen
t pr
ovid
ed;
No. o
f ho
uses
bu
ilt/
reha
bil-
itate
d;
No. o
f ex
-ser
-vi
cem
en r
ein-
tegr
ated
;
No.
of
illic
it ar
ms
colle
cted
de
stro
yed;
No.
of
esta
b-lis
hed
& w
ell-
equi
pped
pol
ice
post
s;
30 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
Peri
odic
com
-m
unity
-dri
ven
disa
rmam
ent
cond
ucte
d;
Polic
e po
pula
tion
ratio
incr
ease
d fr
om
curr
ent
1:60
0 to
the
UN
reco
mm
ende
d 1:
450;
Publ
ic a
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es co
n-du
cted
to
build
tr
ust
betw
een
polic
e &
com
-m
uniti
es
No.
of
publ
ic
cam
paig
n pr
o-gr
amm
es;
No. o
f ref
orm
ed
& re
inte
grat
ed
war
riors
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps2,
000
1,00
01,
000
500
100
4,60
0
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 31
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
6. S
tren
gthe
n m
onit
orin
g ca
paci
ty o
f re
sp
on
se
app
arat
us
in
AS
ALs
th
ro
ug
h
incr
ease
d
depl
oym
ent
& t
rain
ing
an
d pr
ovi-
sion
of b
ette
r eq
uipm
ent
for e
ffici
ent &
ac
coun
tabl
e in
terv
entio
ns
To b
uild
the
ca
paci
ty o
f fo
rens
ic in
-ve
stig
atio
n th
rou
gh
prov
isio
n of
ap
prop
riate
eq
uipm
ent
& sp
ecia
lized
tr
aini
ng. T
o en
hanc
e de
-pl
oym
ent
of
staf
f
Fore
nsic
labo
ra-
tory
est
ablis
hed
& op
erat
iona
lised
;
Publ
ic o
rder
of-
fenc
es s
peed
ily
&
effe
ctiv
ely
pros
ecut
ed
No. o
f lab
s es
-ta
blis
hed;
No. o
f offi
cers
de
ploy
ed
/ tra
ined
;
No.
/lev
el o
f e
qu
ipm
en
t in
stal
led/
pro
-vi
ded
No.
of
case
s su
cces
sful
ly
pros
ecut
ed
No.
of
wel
l-tr
aine
d &
eq
uipp
ed o
f-fic
ers d
eplo
yed
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, NS
C, N
PS, C
E-W
ARN,
Cou
nty
Govt
s, N
DMA
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps,
IGAD
-CE-
WAR
N
381
191
171
154
139
1,03
6
32 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
7. S
tren
gthe
n th
e ca
paci
-ty
of
bord
er
man
agem
ent
at L
iboi
, Hu-
lugo
, Moy
ale,
M
ande
ra, E
l W
ak, K
otul
o,
Waj
ir B
or &
Lo
kich
oggi
o
To e
nhan
ce
bord
er m
an-
agem
ent
&
cont
rol
of
smal
l arm
s,
light
wea
pons
&
cont
raba
nd
good
s
Enha
nced
ca-
paci
ty o
f LEA
S in
id
entifi
ed b
orde
r po
ints
Scre
enin
g eq
uip-
men
t ins
talle
d at
id
entifi
ed b
orde
r po
ints
Influ
x of
sm
all
arm
s, a
liens
&
cont
raba
nd g
oods
re
duce
d
No. o
f law
en-
forc
ers
train
ed
No.
of
bord
er
poin
ts eq
uipp
ed
with
mod
ern
fun
cti
on
al
sc
ree
nin
g eq
uipm
ent
No.
of
confi
s-ca
ted
cont
ra-
band
goo
ds &
ill
egal
arm
s &
alie
ns i
nter
-ce
pted
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, N
SC, D
I&RP
, NP
S, K
RA, C
E-W
ARN,
Cou
nty
Govt
s, N
DMA
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps1,
000
500
200
210
200
2,11
0
8. M
ains
trea
m
confl
ict-
sen-
siti
ve p
ro-
gram
min
g in
de
velo
pmen
t pl
anni
ng
To p
rom
ote
parti
cipa
tory
ap
proa
ches
in
proj
ect p
lan-
ning
, im
ple-
men
tatio
n &
mon
itorin
g
Line
min
istr
ies,
co
unty
offi
cial
s &
dev
elop
men
t ac
tors
trai
ned
on
confl
ict-
sens
itive
pr
ogra
mm
ing
No. o
f sen
siti-
satio
n fo
rum
s on
CSP
No.
of
CS
P-co
mpl
iant
pl
ans
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, N
SC
, M
P-
ND
&V2
030,
Co
unty
Gov
ts,
NDM
A
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps6
67
77
33
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 33
Goal
:Pe
ace
and
hum
an s
ecur
ity
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
the
peac
e &
secu
rity
infra
stru
ctur
e at
cou
nty
and
cros
s-bo
rder
leve
ls
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Impl
emen
t-in
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
9. A
dopt
& o
p-er
atio
nalis
e th
e Dr
aft P
ol-
icy
on S
mal
l Ar
ms
& Li
ght
Wea
pons
To e
nhan
ce
man
agem
ent
& c
ontr
ol o
f SA
LW p
rolif
-er
atio
n
SALW
pol
icy
&
legi
slat
ion
en-
acte
d &
ope
ra-
tiona
lised
;
23 c
ount
y ta
sk
forc
es o
n SA
LW
form
ed;
Effe
ctiv
e fra
me-
wor
k fo
r th
e co
llect
ion
& de
-st
ruct
ion
of ill
egal
fir
earm
s in
pla
ce
No.
of
illeg
al
smal
l ar
ms
redu
ced
& de
-st
roye
d;
No. o
f tas
k fo
rc-
es e
stab
lishe
d &
ope
ratio
n-al
ised
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, RE
CSA,
KNF
P, N
PS, C
ount
y Go
vts,
NDM
A
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps65
6871
7477
355
10.
Op
era
-ti
on
ali
se
the
Alt
er-
nativ
e Di
s-pu
te R
eso-
lutio
n (A
DR)
fram
ewor
k in
the
Con-
stitu
tion
of
Keny
a 20
10
To i
nstit
u-ti
on
ali
se
tradi
tiona
l &
othe
r fo
rms
of
disp
ute
reso
luti
on
mec
hani
sms
ADR
fram
ewor
k es
tabl
ishe
d;
Disp
utes
spee
dily
reso
lved
;
Exis
ting
com
-m
unity
pea
ce
agre
emen
ts (M
o-do
gash
e, K
oloa
&
Loki
riam
a de
cla-
ratio
ns) r
evie
wed
, d
ocu
men
ted
, di
ssem
inat
ed &
en
forc
ed
Lega
l fra
me-
wor
k es
tab-
lishe
d;
No.
of
com
-m
ittee
s es
-ta
blis
hed
&
capa
cita
ted;
No. o
f con
flict
s su
cces
sful
ly
reso
lved
No.
of
peac
e ac
cord
s do
c-um
ente
d &
di
ssem
inat
ed
Min
istr
y of
In
terio
r an
d Co
ordi
natio
n of
Nat
iona
l Go
vern
men
t, N
SC
, S
tate
La
w O
ffice
, J
ud
icia
ry,
Coun
ty G
ovts
, ND
MA
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps10
050
020
025
030
01,
350
TOTA
L3,
978
2,76
22,
033
1,58
01,
220
11,5
73
34 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
INFR
ASTR
UCTU
RE
Goal
Clim
ate-
proo
fed
infr
astr
uctu
re
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To in
tegr
ate
the
ASAL
are
as w
ith o
ther
par
ts o
f the
cou
ntry
2.
To e
nhan
ce c
onne
ctiv
ity
3.
To h
arne
ss th
e en
ergy
& fo
od p
oten
tial o
f ASA
L ar
eas
4.
To im
prov
e ac
cess
to c
lean
& s
afe
wat
er
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut
indi
cato
rsIm
plem
entin
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
1. C
onst
ruct
pr
iorit
y ro
ads
To e
nhan
ce
regi
onal
co
nnec
tivity
&
mar
ket a
cces
s fo
r ASA
Ls
2,20
9 km
of
road
s co
nstru
cted
, up
grad
ed &
re
habi
litat
ed
No. o
f km
s co
nstru
cted
, up
grad
ed &
re
habi
litat
ed
Keny
a Na
tiona
l Hi
ghw
ays
Auth
ority
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
18,4
0036
,500
54,1
0057
,100
42,8
0020
8,90
0
2. D
evel
op &
ex
pand
ICT
infr
astr
uctu
re
To e
nhan
ce
regi
onal
co
nnec
tivity
20 s
olar
-po
wer
ed IC
T ce
ntre
s (M
aarif
a ce
ntre
s)
cons
truct
ed
No. o
f ICT
ce
ntre
s co
nstru
cted
;
No. o
f mas
ts
(boo
ster
s)
Min
istr
y of
ICT,
CC
KJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne
2016
GoK,
DPs
4040
4040
4020
0
3. H
arne
ss
rene
wab
le
& n
on-
rene
wab
le
ener
gy
To h
arne
ss
ener
gy p
oten
tial
of A
SAL
regi
ons
Win
d fa
rms
cons
truct
ed in
7
plac
es1
No o
f win
d fa
rms
in
7 pl
aces
co
nstru
cted
;
Amou
nt
of p
ower
ge
nera
ted
from
win
d fa
rms.
Min
istr
y of
En
ergy
and
Pe
trole
um /
PPP
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
29,6
4491
,738
43,6
110
016
4,99
3
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 35
4. C
onst
ruct
, re
habi
litat
e &
exp
and
wat
er s
uppl
y in
fras
truc
ture
To p
rovi
de
adeq
uate
&
safe
wat
er to
all
wel
l-est
ablis
hed
perm
anen
t se
ttlem
ents
in
the
regi
on
9 w
ater
sup
ply
syst
ems
cons
truct
ed
and/
or
reha
bilit
ated
in
wel
l-est
ablis
hed
perm
anen
t se
ttlem
ents
in
the
arid
regi
on
No. o
f wat
er
supp
ly
syst
ems
com
plet
ed
Min
istr
y En
viro
n, W
ater
&
Natu
ral
Reso
urce
s
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
2,00
04,
000
4,00
04,
000
4,00
018
,000
5. C
onst
ruct
se
wag
e &
so
lid w
aste
di
spos
al
infr
astr
uctu
re
To im
prov
e he
alth
&
sani
tatio
n in
ur
ban
area
s
9 w
aste
wat
er
treat
men
t pl
ants
and
9
solid
was
te
man
agem
ent
proj
ects
co
nstru
cted
in
arid
cou
ntie
s
No. o
f pla
nts
& pr
ojec
ts
cons
truct
ed
Min
istr
y En
viro
n, W
ater
&
Natu
ral
Reso
urce
s
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
600
600
600
600
600
3,00
0
6. G
roun
dwat
er
map
ping
in
Tur
kana
, M
arsa
bit,
Isio
lo a
nd
four
oth
er
coun
ties
sele
cted
on
the
basi
s of
th
eir w
ater
st
ress
indi
ces
To a
sses
s gr
ound
wat
er
pote
ntia
l & it
s di
strib
utio
n fo
r su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t of
the
reso
urce
Grou
ndw
ater
de
velo
pmen
t pl
ans
com
plet
ed
Map
of
grou
ndw
ater
po
tent
ial;
Min
istr
y En
viro
n, W
ater
&
Natu
ral
Reso
urce
s,
Min
istr
y of
Ag
ric, L
ives
tock
an
d Fi
sher
ies
& W
RMA
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
350
200
125
6025
760
7. C
onst
ruct
m
ulti-
purp
ose
dam
s
To in
crea
se
wat
er
avai
labi
lity
One
larg
e da
m
& 11
med
ium
-si
zed
dam
s co
nstru
cted
in
ASAL
s
No. o
f dam
s co
mpl
eted
Min
istr
y En
viro
n, W
ater
&
Natu
ral
Reso
urce
s,
NWCP
C
July
201
3 -
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
5,97
56,
245
6,36
86,
500
6,60
031
,688
TOTA
L:
57,0
0913
9,32
310
8,84
468
,300
54,0
6542
7,54
1
36 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
HUM
AN C
APIT
AL D
EVEL
OPM
ENT:
EDU
CATI
ON
Goal
:Hu
man
cap
ital d
evel
opm
ent:
educ
atio
n
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To e
nsur
e eq
uita
ble
acce
ss to
edu
catio
n fo
r all
child
ren
in a
rid &
pas
tora
l are
as, i
nclu
ding
the
disa
dvan
tage
d &
vuln
erab
le g
roup
s
2.
To fa
cilit
ate
the
inte
grat
ion
of e
mer
ging
tech
nolo
gies
& o
ther
alte
rnat
ive
inte
rven
tions
in th
e pr
ovis
ion
of e
duca
tion
in n
omad
ic a
reas
3.
To e
xpan
d th
e nu
mbe
r of r
esea
rch
& tra
inin
g in
stitu
tions
that
are
resp
onsi
ve to
the
need
s of
ASA
L co
mm
uniti
es
4.
To e
nhan
ce b
asic
lite
racy
leve
ls fo
r com
mun
ities
in a
rid &
pas
tora
l are
as
5.
To in
crea
se th
e nu
mbe
r of a
ppro
pria
tely
trai
ned
prof
essi
onal
s fo
r ASA
L co
untie
s in
the
educ
atio
n se
ctor
6.
To p
rote
ct &
pro
mot
e th
e rig
hts
of p
eopl
e w
ith s
peci
al n
eeds
in th
e AS
ALs
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Outp
ut in
dica
-to
rsIm
ple
-m
enti
ng
ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
1. E
stab
lish
& op
-er
atio
nalis
e th
e Na
tiona
l Cou
ncil
on N
omad
ic E
d-uc
atio
n in
Ken
-ya
(N
ACON
EK)
to i
mpl
emen
t th
e P
olic
y Fr
amew
ork
on
Nom
adic
Edu
-ca
tion
To fa
cilit
ate
impl
e-m
enta
tion
of t
he
Polic
y Fra
mew
ork
on
Nom
adic
Edu
catio
n in
ord
er to
impr
ove
acce
ss,
equi
ty &
qu
ality
of b
asic
ed-
ucat
ion
& tra
inin
g am
ong
nom
adic
co
mm
uniti
es
NA
CO
NE
K
est
ab
lish
ed
& o
pera
tion-
al a
nd p
olic
y fra
mew
ork
im-
plem
ente
d
Keny
a G
azet
te
Notic
e; N
ACON
EK
boar
d m
embe
rs
& Se
cret
ary
ap-
poin
ted;
Regi
onal
NA
CONE
K of
fices
es
tabl
ishe
d
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
203
213
224
235
247
1,12
2
2. C
onst
ruct
15
feed
er s
choo
ls
in e
ach
of 1
4 ar
id &
pas
tora
l co
untie
s
To im
prov
e ac
cess
&
redu
ce d
ista
nce
to s
choo
ls
Tota
l of
1380
cla
ssro
oms b
uilt
No. o
f cla
ssro
oms
built
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
202
222
244
342
478
1,48
7
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 37
3. E
quip
600
low
-co
st b
oard
ing
scho
ols
in 1
4 ar
id &
pas
tora
l co
untie
s
To im
prov
e th
e qu
al-
ity o
f edu
catio
n6
00
LC
Bs
equi
pped
No.
of
LC
Bs
equi
pped
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ja
n 2
01
4
- Ju
ne
2016
GoK,
DPs
180
189
00
036
9
4. C
onst
ruct
/ re
-ha
bilit
ate
10
low
-cos
t boa
rd-
ing
scho
ols
in
14 a
rid &
pas
-to
ral c
ount
ies
To im
prov
e ac
cess
to
qua
lity
basi
c ed
-uc
atio
n
140
LCBs
con
-st
ruct
ed /
reha
-bi
litat
ed
No.
of
LC
Bs
cons
truc
ted
/ re
habi
litat
ed
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Oc
t 2
01
3
- Ju
ne
2017
GoK,
DPs
200
210
221
232
243
1,10
5
5. a
. Rec
ruit
mor
e te
ach
ers
for
scho
ols i
n ar
id &
pa
stor
al c
oun-
ties
(prim
ary)
To im
prov
e th
e qu
al-
ity o
f edu
catio
nTe
ache
r/pu
pil
ratio
of
1:25
at
tain
ed in
all
targ
et c
ount
ies
Red
uctio
n in
te
ache
r/pu
pil
ratio
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ja
n 2
01
4
- Ju
ne
2018
GoK,
DPs
45
55
525
b. R
ecru
it m
ore
teac
her
s fo
r sc
hool
s in
arid
&
past
oral
cou
ntie
s (s
econ
dary
)
Cu
rric
ulu
m
Bas
ed E
stab
-lis
hmen
t of 1
:40
atta
ined
in a
ll ta
rget
cou
ntie
s
89
910
1047
6. D
esig
nate
& u
p-gr
ade
3 TT
Cs
as C
entr
es f
or
Nom
adic
Edu
-ca
tion
To im
prov
e th
e qu
al-
ity o
f edu
catio
nC
entr
es
for
Nom
adic
Edu
-ca
tion
prov
ide
tailo
r-m
ad
e m
odul
es f
or
teac
hers
in
no
mad
ic c
om-
mun
ities
No.
of
nom
adic
te
ache
rs a
cces
s-in
g pr
ofes
sion
al
supp
ort
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ja
n 2
01
4
- Ju
ne
2018
GoK,
DPs
2020
2020
2010
0
7. I
mpr
ove
100
exis
ting
mob
ile
scho
ols
(logi
s-tic
s &
teac
hing
eq
uipm
ent)
To im
prov
e acc
ess t
o ed
ucat
ion
at lo
wer
pr
imar
y
10
0
mob
ile
scho
ols
func
-tio
ning
effe
c-tiv
ely
No.
of
mob
ile
scho
ols
func
-tio
ning
effe
ctive
ly
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ja
n 2
01
4
- Ju
ne
2018
GoK,
DPs
(K
sh
s.
550,
000
per s
choo
l)
2020
150
055
38 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
8. D
evel
op c
ur-
ricu
lum
sup
-po
rt m
ater
ials
ta
ilore
d to
the
ne
eds
of n
o-m
adic
com
mu-
nitie
s
To im
prov
e th
e qu
al-
ity &
rele
vanc
e of t
he
curr
icul
um
Curri
culu
m su
p-po
rt m
ater
ials
pr
oduc
ed a
nd
avai
labl
e
No. o
f mat
eria
ls
prod
uced
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ja
n 2
01
4
- Ju
ne
2018
50
500
00
100
9. E
stab
lish
one
com
pute
r la
b-or
ator
y in
eac
h AS
AL p
rim
ary
scho
ol
To im
prov
e co
mpu
t-er
liter
acy i
n al
l ASA
L pr
imar
y sc
hool
s
A
com
pute
r la
bora
tory
in
all s
choo
ls
No. o
f com
pute
r la
bora
torie
s es
-ta
blis
hed
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
& pa
rtner
s
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
(2
m p
er
scho
ol)
3,09
23,
247
3,40
93,
579
3,75
817
,086
10.
Cons
truc
t &
equ
ip o
ne
mid
dle-
leve
l co
llege
in 6
AS
AL c
oun-
ties
To e
xpan
d ac
cess
&
qual
ity o
f edu
catio
nOn
e m
iddl
e-le
v-el
col
lege
con
-st
ruct
ed in
eac
h ta
rget
cou
nty
No. o
f mid
dle-
lev-
el c
olle
ges
con-
stru
cted
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
16
GoK,
DPs
6,80
07,
140
7,49
70
021
,437
11.
Incr
ease
th
e bu
rsar
y al
loca
tion
for
lear
ners
in
mid
dle-
lev-
el t
echn
ical
co
llege
s in
AS
ALs
To im
prov
e ac
cess
&
trans
ition
to m
id-
dle-
leve
l col
lege
s
Burs
ary
allo
ca-
tion
incr
ease
dNo
. of b
enefi
ciar
-ie
s re
ache
dM
inis
try
of
Educ
atio
nJ
uly
2
01
3
- Ju
ne
2018
GoK,
DPs
(fu
ll sch
ol-
arsh
ip f
or
50
st
u-de
nts
per
year
)
66
66
730
12.
Incr
ease
th
e bu
rsar
y sc
hola
rshi
p fo
r girl
s’ e
d-uc
atio
n in
ar
id &
pas
to-
ral c
ount
ies
To im
prov
e co
m-
plet
ion,
tra
nsiti
on
rate
s &
equ
ity o
f ed
ucat
ion
for g
irls
Incr
ease
in
nu
mbe
r of
fe-
mal
e be
nefi-
ciar
ies
No.
of
fem
ale
bene
ficia
ries
of
burs
ary
scho
l-ar
ship
s
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
& pa
rtner
s
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
99
1010
1150
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 39
13.
Dev
elop
a
cost
ed i
m-
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegy
for
th
e ad
ult l
it-er
acy p
olic
y 2
To g
uide
impl
emen
-ta
tion
of th
e po
licy
fram
ewor
k
Cos
ted
adul
t lit
erac
y im
ple-
men
tatio
n st
rat-
egy
deve
lope
d an
d en
dors
ed
Leve
l of p
rogr
ess
in d
evel
opin
g im
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegy
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
14
GoK
50
00
05
14.
Esta
blis
h 50
0 ad
ult &
con
tin-
uing
edu
catio
n AC
E) c
entr
es in
AS
ALs
To im
prov
e ad
ult
liter
acy &
num
erac
y sk
ills
in A
SALs
Num
ber o
f cen
-tre
s est
ablis
hed
Ava
ilabi
lity
of
ACEs
in A
SALs
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
& pa
rtner
s
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
240
252
265
278
292
1,32
6
15.
Esta
blis
h on
e vo
ca-
tiona
l tra
in-
ing
cent
res
in 1
4 AS
AL
coun
ties
To p
rovid
e vo
catio
n-al
ski
lls t
o sc
hool
le
aver
s & g
ive
drop
-ou
ts a
n op
portu
nity
fo
r fur
ther
trai
ning
Num
ber o
f cen
-tre
s est
ablis
hed
Avai
labi
lity o
f vo-
catio
nal c
entre
s in
ASA
Ls
Min
istr
y of
Ed
ucat
ion
and
the
Tech
nica
l &
Voca
tiona
l Ed
ucat
ion
Tra
inin
g A
uth
orit
y (T
IVET
A) an
d pa
rtner
s
Ju
ly
20
13
-
June
20
18
GoK,
DPs
150
158
165
174
187
833
TOTA
L: E
DUCA
TION
11,1
8911
,749
12,0
904,
891
5,25
845
,177
40 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
HUM
AN C
APIT
AL D
EVEL
OPM
ENT:
HEA
LTH
Goal
Hum
an c
apita
l dev
elop
men
t: he
alth
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To fa
cilit
ate
the
inte
grat
ion
of e
mer
ging
tech
nolo
gies
& o
ther
alte
rnat
ive
inte
rven
tions
in th
e pr
ovis
ion
of h
ealth
ser
vice
s in
nom
adic
are
as
2.
To in
crea
se th
e nu
mbe
r of a
ppro
pria
tely
trai
ned
prof
essi
onal
s fo
r ASA
L co
untie
s in
the
heal
th s
ecto
r
3.
To p
rovi
de e
quita
ble
acce
ss to
qua
lity
heal
th s
ervi
ces
4.
To a
dapt
com
mun
ity-b
ased
hea
lth s
yste
ms
for r
emot
e &
nom
adic
pop
ulat
ions
5.
To p
rote
ct &
pro
mot
e th
e rig
hts
of p
eopl
e w
ith s
peci
al n
eeds
in th
e AS
ALs
6.
To p
rom
ote
publ
ic p
rivat
e pa
rtner
ship
s in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
pro
gram
mes
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed o
ut-
puts
Out
put
indi
-ca
tors
Imp
le-
men
ting
ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sou
rce
of fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
1.
All
heal
th
fac
ilit
ies
adeq
uate
ly
stoc
ked
with
EM
MS
To in
crea
se a
vail-
abili
ty o
f EM
MS
in
all h
ealth
faci
litie
s
Sup
ply
all
heal
th fa
cilit
ies
with
ess
entia
l m
edic
ines
and
m
edic
al s
up-
plie
s (E
MM
S)
on a
sus
tain
-ab
le b
asis
No.
of
heal
th
faci
litie
s ex
-pe
rienc
ing
no
stoc
k-ou
ts
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
1,00
050
050
050
050
03,
000
2.
All
hea
lth
fa
cil
itie
s eq
uipp
ed
To e
quip
hea
lth
faci
litie
s w
ith n
ec-
essa
ry e
quip
men
t
Pro
cure
&
d
istr
ibu
te
equi
pmen
t to
al
l hea
lth f
a-ci
litie
s in
the
A
SA
Ls o
n a
need
s ba
sis
No. o
f hea
lth fa
-ci
litie
s equ
ippe
dM
inis
try o
f He
alth
Ju
ly
2013
- J
une
2018
GoK,
DPs
4,20
04,
200
4,00
04,
000
4,00
020
,400
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 41
3.
All
AS
AL
co
un
tie
s ha
ve f
unc-
tiona
l KEM
SA
depo
ts
To in
crea
se a
c-ce
ss &
effi
cien
cy
of d
istr
ibut
ion
of
med
ical
sup
plie
s to
hea
lth fa
cilit
ies
Ref
urbi
sh &
st
reng
th K
EM-
SA c
ount
y de
-po
ts
No. o
f cou
ntie
s w
ith fu
nctio
nal
KEM
SA d
epot
s
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
600
150
150
150
150
1,20
0
4.
Supp
lem
en-
tary
& th
era-
peut
ic fe
eds
avai
labl
e in
he
alth
faci
l-iti
es
To i
mpr
ove
the
supp
ly c
hain
man
-ag
emen
t of n
utri-
tion
com
mod
ities
Proc
ure
& di
s-tr
ibut
e su
p-pl
emen
tary
&
ther
apeu
tic
feed
s th
roug
h KE
MSA
No.
of
heal
th
faci
litie
s ex
-pe
rienc
ing
no
stoc
k-ou
ts
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
1,20
01,
350
1,40
01,
350
1,35
06,
650
5.
Fun
ctio
n-
al r
efer
ral
syst
em i
n
plac
e in
all
coun
ties
To im
prov
e re
ferra
l se
rvic
es in
ASA
LsBu
ild in
stitu
-tio
nal c
apac
ity
of L
evel
s 2 &
3
heal
th fa
cilit
ies
No. o
f cou
ntie
s w
ith fu
nctio
nal
refe
rral
sys
tem
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
2,80
02,
600
2,60
02,
300
2,30
012
,600
6.
Cons
truc
t /
reha
bilit
ate
food
sto
rage
fa
cilit
ies
To i
ncre
ase
the
secu
rity &
safe
ty o
f fo
od c
omm
oditi
es
All h
ealth
fa-
cilit
ies
have
a
food
sto
rage
fa
cilit
y co
m-
plyi
ng w
ith
food
saf
ety
requ
irem
ents
No.
of
heal
th
faci
litie
s w
ith
a fo
od s
tora
ge
faci
lity
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
135
100
100
100
100
535
7.
Func
tion
al
outr
each
&
mob
ile c
lin-
ics
in a
rid
co
untie
s
To in
crea
se a
cces
s to
hea
lth c
are
ser-
vice
s
Str
ength
en
outr
each
&
mob
ile c
linic
s am
ong
no-
mad
ic c
om-
mun
ities
No. o
f out
reac
h &
mob
ile cl
inic
s av
aila
ble
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
200
150
5050
5050
0
8.
All h
ealth
fa-
cilit
ies
have
a
de
qu
ate
ho
usin
g fa
-ci
litie
s
To m
otiv
ate
& re
-ta
in h
ealth
wor
kers
Prov
ide
hous
-in
g fo
r he
alth
w
orke
rs
in
rura
l fac
ilitie
s
No.
of
heal
th
faci
litie
s w
ith
adeq
uate
hou
s-in
g fa
cilit
ies
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
165
130
100
100
100
595
42 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
9.
HIN
I im
-pl
emen
ted
in 8
0% o
f h
ealt
h f
a-ci
litie
s in
all
ASAL
cou
n-tie
s
To in
crea
se u
p-ta
ke o
f nu
triti
on
serv
ices
;
Scal
e up
the
H
igh
Impa
ct
Nut
ritio
n In
-te
rve
nti
on
(HIN
I) in
ASA
L co
untie
s;
No.
of
heal
th
faci
litie
s im
-pl
emen
ting
HINI
pa
ckag
e
Min
istry
of
Heal
th;
J
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
Go
K,
DPs;
12
014
015
014
014
069
0
10.
Com
mun
ity
Heal
th S
trat
-eg
y im
ple-
men
ted
in
al
l A
SA
L co
untie
s
To i
ncre
ase
the
num
ber
of c
om-
mun
ity h
ealth
uni
ts
Roll o
ut im
ple-
men
tatio
n of
th
e Com
mun
ity
Heal
th S
trat
-eg
y &
ensu
re
that
com
mu-
nity
wor
kers
ar
e ad
equa
tely
rem
uner
ated
No. o
f com
mu-
nity
hea
lth u
nits
es
tabl
ishe
d
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
900
650
650
650
650
3,50
0
11.
Hea
lth
fa
cilit
ies
su
p-
por
ted
b
y th
e H
ealt
h
Sec
tor
Serv
ices
Fu
nd
To s
uppo
rt o
per-
atio
nal &
mai
n-te
nanc
e co
sts
of
heal
th fa
cilit
ies
Enha
nce
dire
ct
trans
fer o
f the
He
alth
Sec
tor
Serv
ices
Fun
d to
all
heal
th
faci
litie
s in
the
ASAL
s
No.
of
faci
li-tie
s re
ceiv
ing
finan
cial s
uppo
rt fro
m H
SSF
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
1,20
01,
000
1,00
01,
000
1,00
05,
200
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 43
12.
Mo
ti-
vati
on
p
ac
k-
age
to
addr
ess
rete
n-
ti
on
c
ha
l-le
nges
in
arid
&
past
oral
co
untie
s d
evel
-op
ed &
ap
plie
d;
To a
ddre
ss re
ten-
tion
chal
leng
es
in a
rid &
pas
tora
l co
untie
s
Dev
elop
&
im
plem
ent
a m
otiv
atio
nal
pack
age
to a
d-dr
ess r
eten
tion
chal
leng
es in
ar
id &
pas
tora
l co
untie
s
No.
of
offic
ers
bene
fitin
g fro
m
the
rete
ntio
n pa
ckag
e; N
o. o
f po
sitio
ns va
cant
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
500
500
500
500
500
2,50
0
13.
Hea
lth
In
for-
mat
ion
Syst
ems
& c
oor-
dina
tion
mec
ha-
nis
ms
in p
lace
in
ASA
L co
untie
s
To i
mpr
ove
the
qual
ity o
f he
alth
se
rvic
es
by
stre
ngth
enin
g re
-fe
rral
sys
tem
s &
im
prov
ing
patie
nt
care
, for
exa
mpl
e th
roug
h re
mot
e di
agno
sis
Deci
sion-
mak
-in
g in
form
ed
by
qual
ity,
timel
y da
ta
Tim
elin
ess
of
data
info
rmin
g de
cisi
on-m
ak-
ing
Min
istry
of
Heal
thJ
uly
20
13
- Jun
e 20
18
GoK,
DPs
600
700
700
700
650
3,35
0
TOTA
L: H
EALT
H13
,620
12,1
7011
,900
11,5
4011
,490
60,7
20
44 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
SUST
AINA
BLE
LIVE
LIHO
ODS
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
LIVE
STOC
K
1.
Live
-st
ock
Mar
-ke
ting
Boar
d op
era-
tiona
l-is
ed
To p
rom
ote
lives
tock
m
arke
ting
both
na
tiona
lly &
in
tern
atio
nally
Stra
tegi
c di
rec-
tion
for l
ives
tock
pr
oduc
tion
& m
arke
ting
Boar
d cr
eate
d an
d op
erat
ion-
alis
ed
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK
105
110
116
122
129
582
2.
Live
-st
ock
hold
ing
grou
nds
reha
bil-
itate
d3
To im
prov
e th
e qu
ality
of
live
stoc
k pr
oduc
ts fo
r be
tter m
arke
t ac
cess
Live
stoc
k ho
ldin
g gr
ound
s re
poss
esse
d by
Go
K;
Live
stoc
k ho
ldin
g gr
ound
s re
habi
litat
ed &
w
ell-e
quip
ped;
Liv
esto
ck
sale
yar
ds
cons
truct
ed
No. o
f hol
ding
gr
ound
s re
poss
esse
d &
regi
ster
ed;
No. o
f fun
c-tio
nal h
oldi
ng
grou
nds;
No. o
f sal
e ya
rds
con-
stru
cted
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
513
521
544
7376
1,72
7
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 45
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
3.
Live
-st
ock
mar
-ke
ts
con-
stru
ct-
ed/e
x-pa
nded
in
12
coun
-tie
s4
To e
nhan
ce
regi
onal
&
cros
s-bo
rder
tra
de
12 fu
lly fu
nc-
tiona
l & a
cces
-si
ble
mar
kets
co
nstru
cted
/ ex
pand
ed
No. o
f ope
ra-
tiona
l mar
kets
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sh-
erie
s an
d M
inis
try
of E
AC
Affa
irs,
Com
-m
erce
an
d To
uris
m
July
20
13
- June
20
18
2,94
22,
815
2,88
72,
964
3,03
814
,646
46 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
4.
Func
-tio
nal
abat
-to
irs in
W
ajir,
Is
iolo
&
Tur-
kana
op
era-
tiona
l w
ith
man
-ag
e-m
ent
mod
el
in p
lace
fo
r ea
ch, i
n pa
rt-
ners
hip
with
pr
ivat
e se
ctor
To e
nhan
ce
lives
tock
pr
oduc
tion,
m
arke
ting
& va
lue
addi
tion
of p
rodu
cts
To im
prov
e pr
oduc
tion
& m
arke
ting
of
mea
t pro
duct
s &
enha
nce
cros
s-bo
rder
tra
de
Func
tiona
l ab
atto
irs in
the
targ
et c
ount
ies;
Man
age-
men
t mod
el
deve
lope
d fo
r ea
ch a
batto
ir in
par
tner
ship
w
ith th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
Mea
t pro
cess
ing
fact
orie
s es
tabl
ishe
d /
reha
bilit
ated
No. o
f fun
ctio
nal
abat
toirs
;
No o
f mea
t pr
oces
sing
fa
ctor
ies
esta
b-lis
hed
with
in
the
abat
toirs
No. o
f fun
ctio
nal
mea
t pro
cess
-in
g fa
ctor
ies;
Volu
me
of
mea
t pro
duct
s pr
oces
sed
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
GoK
, PP
P 4
5075
01,
100
1,2
001,
000
4,5
00
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 47
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
5.
Dise
ase
con-
trol
&
surv
eil-
lanc
e sy
stem
al
ong
stoc
k ro
utes
&
trad
e m
ar-
kets
To c
ontro
l dis
-ea
se o
utbr
eaks
an
d en
hanc
e cr
oss-
bord
er
/ int
erna
tiona
l tra
de;
To b
uild
the
capa
city
of
CBAH
Ws
& pa
rave
ts fo
r m
obile
pas
to-
ralis
ts
Live
stoc
k di
seas
e su
rvei
llanc
e pr
ogra
mm
es in
pl
ace;
Capa
city
of x
no
. CBA
HWs
& pa
rave
ts in
all
ASAL
cou
ntie
s in
crea
sed
% re
duct
ion
in in
cide
nce
of li
vest
ock
dise
ases
;
No. o
f CBA
HWs
& pa
rave
ts
train
ed
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
1,11
51,
660
2,59
22,
719
2,83
510
,921
48 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
6.
Rang
e re
habi
l-ita
tion,
fo
dder
pr
o-du
ctio
n &
co
nser
-va
tion
To e
nsur
e co
ntin
uous
av
aila
blity
of
lives
tock
feed
Land
recl
aim
ed
from
pro
sopi
s;
Past
ures
re
-see
ded
with
im
prov
ed s
eeds
;
Past
ures
ha
rves
ted
& co
nser
ved;
Stor
age
stru
c-tu
res
for f
odde
r co
nstru
cted
;
Coun
ty g
razi
ng
man
agem
ent
com
mitt
ees
inst
itutio
nalis
e
Ha o
f lan
d re
clai
med
from
pr
osop
is
Area
und
er
impr
oved
pa
stur
e;
Amou
nt o
f fod
-de
r har
vest
ed &
co
nser
ved;
No. o
f sto
rage
st
ruct
ures
co
nstru
cted
;
No. o
f fun
ctio
nal
coun
ty g
razi
ng
man
agem
ent
com
mitt
ees
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
499
548
576
605
635
2,86
3
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 49
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
7.
Adap
-ta
tion
to
clim
ate
chan
ge
To a
ddre
ss
the
effe
cts
of
clim
ate
chan
ge
Wea
ther
-bas
ed
lives
tock
insu
r-an
ce u
p-sc
aled
;
Live
stoc
k En
terp
rise
Fund
op
erat
iona
lised
;
Live
stoc
k br
eeds
cha
rac-
teriz
ed
Subs
idis
ed
lives
tock
inpu
t ac
cess
ed
No. o
f far
mer
s bu
ying
insu
r-an
ce;
Leve
l of d
is-
burs
emen
t fro
m
Fund
;
No. o
f bre
eds
char
acte
rized
;
No. o
f far
mer
s ac
cess
ing
subs
idis
ed
qual
ity li
vest
ock
inpu
ts
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
590
591
593
595
597
2,96
6
50 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
8.
Set u
p m
ulti-
plic
a-tio
n /
bulk
ing
cent
res
for
apic
ul-
ture
an
d
emer
g-in
g liv
e-st
ock
To e
xplo
it th
e po
tent
ial o
f be
e-ke
epin
g &
emer
ging
liv
esto
ck
Farm
ers
train
ed
in b
ee-k
eepi
ng
& eq
uipm
ent
purc
hase
d;
Emer
ging
live
-st
ock
intro
duce
d
No o
f bul
king
/ m
ultip
licat
ions
ce
ntre
s e
stab
-lis
hed
No. o
f far
mer
s tra
ined
; No.
of
trai
ning
s co
nduc
ted;
Amou
nt o
f eq
uipm
ent
purc
hase
d
No. o
f far
mer
s ke
epin
g em
ergi
ng li
ve-
stoc
k / T
ypes
of
em
ergi
ng
lives
tock
intro
-du
ced
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies,
KW
S
1414
1814
1474
TOTA
L: L
IVES
TOCK
6,22
87,
009
8,42
68,
292
8,32
438
,279
AGRI
CULT
URE,
FIS
HERI
ES &
OTH
ER L
IVEL
IHOO
DS
1. C
onse
r-va
tion
agric
ultu
re
To in
crea
se
agric
ultu
ral
prod
uctiv
ity
in s
emi-a
rid
area
s th
roug
h ad
optio
n of
ap
prop
riate
te
chno
logi
es
Farm
ers
in
sem
i-arid
ar
eas
train
ed
in c
onse
rvat
ion
agric
ultu
re;
Area
und
er
cons
erva
tion
agric
ultu
re
incr
ease
d
No. o
f far
mer
s tra
ined
/ No
. of
trai
ning
s co
nduc
ted;
Size
of a
rea
unde
r con
ser-
vatio
n
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
MoA
362
379
386
389
401
1,91
7
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 51
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
2. P
rodu
ctio
n &
mar
-ke
ting
of
drou
ght-
tol-
eran
t & e
ar-
ly-m
atur
ing
crop
s
To p
rom
ote
prod
uctio
n &
mar
ketin
g of
dr
ough
t-to
l-er
ant c
rops
in
sem
i-arid
ar
eas
Prod
uctio
n of
dr
ough
t-to
lera
nt
& ea
rly-m
a-tu
ring
crop
s in
crea
sed;
Area
und
er im
-pr
oved
dro
ught
to
lera
nt c
rops
in
crea
sed;
Crop
yie
lds
incr
ease
d
Amou
nt o
f pro
-du
ce m
arke
ted
NG/C
G
(G
oK /
PPP)
July
20
13
- June
20
18
MoA
100
100
100
100
100
500
3. A
gric
ultu
ral
prod
uct d
e-ve
lopm
ent
& m
arke
ting
syst
ems
enha
nced
To e
nhan
ce
Agric
ultu
ral
mar
ket a
cces
s,
mar
ketin
g,
valu
e ad
ditio
n &
agro
-pro
-ce
ssin
g
Prod
ucer
s &
mar
ket
asso
ciat
ions
fo
rmed
& li
nked
to
mar
kets
;
New
loca
l &
fore
ign
mar
ket
oppo
rtuni
ties
crea
ted;
Valu
e ch
ains
de
velo
ped
Agro
-pro
cess
ing
tech
nolo
gy
incr
ease
d
No. o
f pro
duce
r &
mar
ket
asso
ciat
ions
fo
rmed
;
No. o
f mar
ket
oppo
rtuni
ties
crea
ted;
No. o
f new
pr
oduc
ts d
evel
-op
ed;
No. o
f agr
o-pr
o-ce
ssin
g te
chno
logi
es
adop
ted
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies,
M
inis
try
of E
AC
Affa
irs,
Com
-m
erce
an
d To
uris
m,
KIRD
I
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
PP
P50
5050
5050
250
52 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
4. S
uppo
rt
fish
farm
ing
alon
g La
ke
Turk
ana
& T
urkw
el
Gorg
e, R
iver
Ta
na, &
La
mu
To im
prov
e co
mm
unity
fo
od s
ecur
ity &
in
com
e th
roug
h fis
h fa
rmin
g &
mar
ketin
g
Lake
Tur
kana
Fi
sher
men
Co
oper
ativ
e So
ciet
y fa
ctor
y at
Kal
okol
re
habi
litat
ed &
op
erat
iona
lised
;
Loca
l fish
ing
prod
ucer
or
gani
satio
ns
& gr
oups
func
-tio
nal;
Know
ledg
e &
capa
city
of
Beac
h M
anag
e-m
ent U
nits
&
fishe
rmen
soc
i-et
ies
impr
oved
Fact
ory
func
-tio
nal;
incr
ease
d qu
antit
y of
fish
la
ndin
gs;
No. o
f op
erat
iona
l or
gani
satio
ns &
gr
oups
;
No. o
f BM
Us
& so
ciet
ies
train
ed &
fu
nctio
nal
Min
istr
y of
Agr
ic,
Live
stoc
k an
d Fi
sher
ies
July
20
13
- June
20
18
1,46
699
00
00
2,45
6
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 53
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
5. P
rom
ote
ecot
ouris
m,
gum
s &
re
sins
&
aloe
pro
-du
ctio
n as
al
tern
ativ
e so
urce
s of
liv
elih
oods
To in
crea
se
alte
rnat
ive
sour
ces
of
inco
me
and
prot
ect i
ndig
e-no
us te
chni
cal
know
ledg
e (IT
K)
Incr
ease
d be
nefit
to c
om-
mun
ities
from
w
ildlif
e;
Prod
uctio
n,
cons
umpt
ion
& m
arke
ting
of
hone
y, gu
ms
& re
sins
and
alo
e ve
ra in
ASA
Ls
incr
ease
d
Com
mun
ity
awar
enes
s of
ITK
skill
s in
crea
sed
Polic
y &
lega
l fra
mew
ork
in
plac
e
Quan
tity
of
prod
ucts
pro
-du
ced
& so
ld
No. o
f hou
se-
hold
s ad
optin
g IT
K sk
ills
Min
istr
y of
EAC
Af
fairs
, Co
m-
mer
ce
and
Tour
ism
July
20
13
- June
20
18
560
560
560
560
560
2,80
0
6. E
stab
lish
&
oper
atio
n-al
ise
the
Nort
hern
Ke
nya
Inve
stm
ent
Fund
(NKI
F)
To p
rom
ote
entre
pre-
neur
ship
and
em
ploy
men
t in
the
regi
on
by fa
cilit
atin
g pr
ivat
e se
ctor
in
vest
men
t
North
ern
Keny
a In
vest
men
t Fun
d op
erat
iona
l
No. o
f bus
ines
s-es
ben
efitin
g fro
m th
e Fu
nd
ASAL
Se
cre-
taria
t
July
20
13
- June
20
15
22
00
04
TOTA
L: A
GRIC
ULTU
RE, F
ISHE
RIES
& O
THER
LIV
ELIH
OODS
2,54
02,
081
1,09
61,
099
1,11
17,
927
ENVI
RONM
ENT,
WAT
ER &
SAN
ITAT
ION
54 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
1.
Mon
itor-
ing
&
as-
sess
-m
ent
of
dry-
land
s
To p
rovi
de
data
on
wild
life
& liv
esto
ck
popu
latio
ns &
th
eir s
patia
l/te
mpo
ral d
istri
-bu
tion
toge
ther
w
ith e
colo
gica
l pa
ram
eter
s (v
eget
atio
n ty
pes,
sur
face
w
ater
, agr
icul
-tu
ral a
ctiv
ities
&
settl
emen
ts)
Wild
life
& liv
e-st
ock
popu
latio
n st
atis
tics,
tren
ds
& sp
atia
l dis
tri-
butio
n pr
ovid
ed
Avai
labi
lity
& ac
cess
ibili
ty
of w
ildlif
e &
lives
tock
pop
u-la
tion
stat
istic
s,
trend
s, &
spa
tial
dist
ribut
ion
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
, DR
SRS
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK
3031
3335
3716
6
2. L
and
use
/ la
nd c
over
as
sess
men
t
To p
rom
ote
ratio
nal &
su
stai
nabl
e re
sour
ce u
se;
to im
prov
e ec
o-no
mic
gai
ns,
ecol
ogic
al s
er-
vice
s &
good
co
nser
vatio
n pr
actic
es
Land
use
/ la
nd
cove
r dev
elop
ed
for s
patia
l pl
ans,
incl
udin
g th
e fiv
e w
ater
to
wer
s;
Land
deg
rada
-tio
n, v
eget
atio
n co
ver &
urb
an
area
s m
appe
d
No. o
f lan
d us
e / l
and
cove
r as
sess
men
ts
com
plet
ed;
No. o
f rep
orts
pu
blis
hed;
No. o
f dat
a us
ers;
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
, DR
SRS,
KF
S
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK
3435
3737
1916
2
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 55
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
3. C
limat
e ch
ange
ad-
apta
tion
&
miti
gatio
n
To d
evel
op
clim
ate
adap
ta-
tion
proj
ects
;
To d
evel
op a
ro
ad m
ap fo
r a
gree
n ec
onom
y &
emer
ging
ini-
tiativ
es in
ord
er
to p
rom
ote
the
trans
ition
to a
lo
w-c
arbo
n, c
li-m
ate-
resi
lient
de
velo
pmen
t pa
thw
ay
To m
itiga
te
the
effe
cts
of
clim
ate
chan
ge
Clim
ate
chan
ge
adap
tatio
n pr
o-je
cts
deve
lope
d;
Natio
nal G
reen
Ec
onom
y St
rat-
egy
deve
lope
d;
CDM
sch
emes
es
tabl
ishe
d
No. o
f pro
ject
s de
velo
ped;
Reso
urce
effi
-ci
ency
fact
ors
for k
ey s
ecto
rs
iden
tified
&
oper
atio
nalis
ed;
Parti
cipa
tion
in
othe
r clim
ate
chan
ge-r
elat
ed
prog
ram
mes
(e
.g. R
EDD+
)
No. o
f sch
emes
es
tabl
ishe
d
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
,
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
, CCS
,
KFS
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
DP
s11
510
575
5757
409
4. W
ater
Ca
tchm
ent
Man
-ag
emen
t st
rate
gies
To in
crea
se
avai
labi
lity
of
sust
aina
ble
wat
er re
sour
c-es
thro
ugh
effe
ctiv
e m
anag
emen
t &
prot
ectio
n of
w
ater
sou
rces
Wat
er a
vaila
bil-
ity fo
r mul
tiple
us
es in
crea
sed
No. o
f su
b-ca
tchm
ent
man
agem
ent
plan
s
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
, W
MRA
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
DP
s50
5050
5050
250
56 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
5. A
ltern
ativ
e so
urce
s of
w
ater
To in
crea
se
avai
labi
lity
of
sust
aina
-bl
e w
ater
re
sour
ces
in
rura
l & A
SAL
area
s th
roug
h ra
inw
ater
ha
rves
ting
& co
nstru
ctio
n of
sa
nd d
ams
Relia
ble
wat
er
avai
labi
lity
in
rura
l & A
SAL
area
s
No. o
f rai
nwat
er
stru
ctur
es &
sa
nd d
ams
cons
truct
ed
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
, W
RMA
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
DP
s70
7070
7070
350
6. Tr
ansb
ound
-ar
y w
ater
s m
an-
agem
ent
stra
tegy
To e
nsur
e su
stai
nabl
e m
anag
emen
t &
deve
lopm
ent
of s
hare
d w
ater
re
sour
ces
Shar
ed w
ater
re
sour
ces
join
tly
man
aged
&
deve
lope
d
Tran
sbou
ndar
y w
ater
s po
licy
& im
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegy
in
plac
e;
No. o
f coo
pera
-tiv
e fra
mew
orks
&
deve
lopm
ent
plan
s fo
r sha
red
wat
er re
sour
ces
in p
lace
Min
is-
try
of
Envi
ron,
W
ater
an
d Na
tura
l Re
sour
c-es
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
DP
s10
108
85
41
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 57
Goal
:Su
stai
nabl
e liv
elih
oods
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To s
treng
then
live
lihoo
d ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ties
and
impr
ove
com
mun
ity re
silie
nce
to d
roug
ht
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
di-
cato
rsIm
ple-
men
ting
agen
cy
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce
of
fund
s
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
7. Ir
rigat
ion
proj
ects
To c
onst
ruct
fiv
e w
ater
ha
rves
ting
& st
orag
e da
ms
at P
erke
rra,
Ke
rio, &
Ko
rairr
igat
ion
sche
mes
Wat
er s
uppl
y fo
r irr
igat
ion
sust
aine
d
Wat
er s
tora
ge
capa
city
of
134m
cub
ic
met
res
NIB
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK
1,08
41,
084
1,50
01,
750
1,00
06,
418
To d
evel
op
Raho
le C
anal
&
Garis
sa ir
riga-
tion
sche
me
5,00
0 he
ctar
es
of la
nd ir
rigat
ed;
54km
can
al
Amou
nt o
f pr
oduc
tive
land
un
der i
rrig
atio
n
600
800
500
500
500
2,90
0
8. D
ryla
nd
fore
stry
To p
rom
ote
com
mer
cial
tre
e gr
owin
g on
dr
ylan
d fa
rms
Area
und
er
com
mer
cial
tre
e gr
owin
g in
crea
sed
No. o
f hec
tare
sKF
SJu
ly
2013
- Ju
ne
2018
GoK,
DP
s,
PPP
300
300
300
300
300
1,50
0
9. P
artic
ipa-
tory
fore
st
man
age-
men
t
To in
volv
e st
akeh
olde
rs &
co
mm
uniti
es
in jo
int f
ores
t m
anag
emen
t
Fore
st e
stab
-lis
hmen
t &
man
agem
ent
impr
oved
No. o
f hec
tare
sKF
S, P
PP,
com
mu-
nity
July
20
13
- June
20
18
GoK,
co
m-
mun
ity,
PPP
500
500
500
500
500
2,50
0
TOTA
L: E
NVIR
ONM
ENT,
WAT
ER &
SAN
ITAT
ION
2,79
32,
985
3,07
33,
307
2,53
814
,696
TOTA
L: L
IVEL
IHOO
DS11
,561
12,0
7512
,595
12,6
9811
,973
60,9
02
58 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
DROU
GHT
RISK
MAN
AGEM
ENT
& C
OORD
INAT
ION
Goal
Enha
nced
dro
ught
resi
lienc
e &
clim
ate
chan
ge a
dapt
atio
n
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
, 201
3-20
18:
1.
To re
duce
dro
ught
vul
nera
bilit
y an
d en
hanc
ed a
dapt
atio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge
2.
To p
rovi
de d
roug
ht a
nd c
limat
e in
form
atio
n to
faci
litat
e co
ncer
ted
actio
ns b
y re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
3.
To p
rote
ct th
e liv
elih
oods
of v
ulne
rabl
e ho
useh
olds
dur
ing
drou
ght c
rises
4.
To e
nsur
e co
ordi
nate
d ac
tion
by g
over
nmen
t and
oth
er s
take
hold
ers
5.
To d
evel
op a
nd a
pply
kno
wle
dge
man
agem
ent a
ppro
ache
s th
at g
ener
ate
evid
ence
for d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing
and
prac
tice
Proj
ects
Obje
ctiv
esEx
pect
ed
outp
uts
Outp
ut in
dica
-to
rsIm
plem
entin
g ag
ency
Tim
e fr
ame
Sour
ce o
f fu
nds
2013
/14
2014
/15
2015
/16
2016
/17
2017
/18
TOTA
L
Prog
ram
me
1:To
redu
ce d
roug
ht v
ulne
rabi
lity
and
enha
nce
adap
tatio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge
1. M
ains
trea
m
Drou
ght
Risk
Re
duct
ion,
Cl
imat
e Ad
apta
tion,
So
cial
Pr
otec
tion
&
EDE
in p
lan-
ning
and
bu
dget
ing
proc
esse
s
To b
uild
th
e re
silie
nce
of c
om-
mun
ities
th
roug
h de
vel-
opm
ent
plan
ning
th
at is
nu
ance
d to
dr
ough
t-pr
one
envi
ron-
men
ts
DRR/
CCA/
SP/E
DE
issu
es
inte
grat
ed
in n
atio
n-al
, cou
nty
and
com
mun
i-ty
pla
ns
Reso
urce
s al
loca
ted
to D
RR/
CCA/
SP
and
EDE
No. o
f nat
iona
l &
coun
ty p
lans
an
d bu
dget
s th
at
mai
nstre
am D
RR/
CCA/
SP/ E
DE
NDM
A, C
ount
y Pl
anni
ng U
nits
, M
in o
f Dev
olu-
tion.
& p
lann
ing
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps10
379
6261
6336
8
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 59
2. D
evel
op
guid
elin
es
that
hel
p im
plem
ent
DRR/
CCA/
SP-r
elat
ed
activ
ities
Docu
men
t &
diss
em-
inat
e be
st
prac
tices
in
DRR
, CC
A &
SP
and
deve
l-op
nat
iona
l st
anda
rds,
gu
idel
ines
an
d pr
oce-
dure
s
Natio
nal
stan
dard
s,
guid
elin
es
and
pro-
cedu
res
deve
lope
d an
d ad
opte
d;
Best
pr
actic
es
docu
-m
ente
d an
d di
ssem
i-na
ted
Leve
l of u
se;
No. o
f rep
orts
NDM
AJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
3222
1313
1494
3. Id
entif
y or
gani
-za
tions
/ in
stitu
tions
de
alin
g w
ith
DRR,
CCA
an
d SP
and
es
tabl
ish
colla
bora
-tio
n ag
ree-
men
ts
To e
nsur
e co
ordi
nat-
ed a
ctio
n by
gov
-er
nmen
t an
d ot
her
stak
ehol
d-er
s
Inve
ntor
y of
org
an-
izat
ions
/ in
sti-
tutio
ns
take
n;
Colla
b-or
ativ
e ag
ree-
men
ts
deve
lope
d
Inst
itutio
ns
data
base
;
No o
f agr
ee-
men
ts d
evel
oped
&
impl
emen
ted
NDM
AJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
34
44
419
4. D
evel
op
coun
ty
info
rmat
ion
data
base
To d
evel
op
a re
gist
ry
to ta
rget
be
nefic
iary
ho
use-
hold
s
Regi
stry
de
velo
ped
in th
e ta
rget
co
untie
s
No. o
f cou
ntie
s w
ith re
gist
ry
deve
lope
d
NDM
A, D
FID,
WB,
W
FP, M
inis
try
of
Labo
ur, S
ocia
l Se
curit
y an
d Se
rvic
es
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps5
42
22
15
60 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
5. S
uppo
rt th
e im
plem
en-
tatio
n of
sa
fety
net
pr
o-gr
amm
es
that
are
on-
budg
et a
nd
scal
ed u
p as
par
t of
the
natio
nal
disa
ster
ris
k m
an-
agem
ent
syst
em
To p
rote
ct
& su
ppor
t ch
roni
-ca
lly fo
od
inse
cure
ho
use-
hold
s
• Ho
use-
hold
s sa
fe-
guar
ded
from
dr
ough
t an
d hu
nger
Leve
l of G
oK
fund
ing
for H
SNP
in M
TEF;
Sys
tem
fo
r sca
le u
p of
tra
nsfe
rs d
urin
g dr
ough
t per
iods
in
pla
ce
NDM
A, D
FID,
WB,
W
FPJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DFI
D,
AusA
ID,
WFP
, WB
3,22
63,
684
4,15
44,
496
4,60
020
,160
6. In
vest
in
stra
tegi
c ac
tiviti
es
that
redu
ce
drou
ght
risks
, en
hanc
e dr
ough
t pr
epar
ed-
ness
and
st
reng
then
ad
apta
tion
to c
limat
e ch
ange
To
prom
ote
drou
ght
prep
ar-
edne
ss a
t co
mm
unity
le
vel
Proj
ects
im
ple-
men
ted
to re
duce
dr
ough
t ris
ks a
nd
its im
pact
on
hou
se-
hold
s
• No
. of p
roje
cts
• Ty
pe o
f pr
ojec
ts
NDM
A, li
ne
min
istri
es, N
GOs,
CB
Os
July
201
3 -
June
201
8KR
DP, K
DPR,
W
FP, U
NDP
6090
100
120
125
495
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 61
7. C
arry
out
dr
ough
t ris
k re
duc-
tion
and
adap
tatio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge
cam
paig
ns
To
enha
nce
awar
enes
s of
DRR
an
d CC
A at
al
l lev
els
Cam
-pa
igns
ca
rrie
d ou
t in
23
coun
ties
high
ly
vuln
erab
le
to d
roug
ht
No. o
f cam
paig
ns
carr
ied
out
NDM
AJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
4623
1515
1511
4
TOTA
L: P
ROM
OTIO
N OF
DRR
, CCA
, SP
3,47
53,
906
4,35
04,
711
4,82
321
,265
Prog
ram
me
2:To
pro
vide
dro
ught
and
clim
ate
info
rmat
ion
to fa
cilit
ate
conc
erte
d ac
tions
by
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s
1. E
stab
lish
food
sec
urity
an
d dr
ough
t in
form
atio
n pl
atfo
rm
To d
evel
op
an in
tegr
ated
fo
od s
ecur
ity
info
rmat
ion
syst
em a
nd a
ha
rmon
ised
da
ta g
athe
ring
& pr
oces
sing
m
echa
nism
;
Open
-ac-
cess
dat
a-ba
se o
f foo
d se
curit
y in
form
atio
n in
pla
ce
Plat
form
es
tabl
ishe
d
Data
base
de
velo
ped
& sh
ared
NDM
A, U
N ag
enci
es, l
ine
min
istri
es,
INGO
s, N
GOs,
CB
Os
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps7
81
11
18
2. D
evel
op a
na
tiona
l int
e-gr
ated
ear
ly
war
ning
sy
stem
To e
nsur
e th
at
early
war
ning
in
form
atio
n is
ob
ject
ive
& re
l-ev
ant t
o pr
ovid
e ea
rly re
spon
se
Met
hod-
olog
y fo
r im
prov
ed
early
war
n-in
g da
ta
colle
ctio
n &
anal
ysis
de
velo
ped
Revi
sed
EWS
deve
lope
d &
rolle
d ou
t in
23 c
ount
ies
high
ly
vuln
erab
le
to d
roug
ht
NDM
A, IL
RI,
WFP
, FAO
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps34
293
03
69
3. P
rodu
ce
coun
ty
drou
ght e
arly
w
arni
ng
bulle
tins
To p
rovi
de
drou
ght-
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion
for
deci
sion
-mak
-in
g
Mon
thly
bu
lletin
s pr
oduc
ed in
23
cou
ntie
s
No. o
f bu
lletin
s pu
blis
hed
& di
ssem
i-na
ted
NDM
A, c
ount
y go
vern
men
tsJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
7073
7578
8037
6
62 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
4. C
arry
out
co
unty
&
natio
nal f
ood
secu
rity
as-
sess
men
ts
To a
sses
s th
e fo
od s
ecur
ity
situ
atio
n in
dr
ough
t-af
fect
-ed
are
as
4 na
tiona
l as
sess
-m
ents
an
nual
ly,
and
4 as
-se
ssm
ents
an
nual
ly in
23
cou
ntie
s hi
ghly
vu
lner
able
to
dro
ught
No. o
f as-
sess
men
ts
cond
ucte
d
NDM
A, W
FP,
FAO,
line
min
-is
tries
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps19
2021
2223
105
5. D
evel
op a
co
mm
unic
a-tio
n st
rate
gy
Enha
nce
corp
o-ra
te im
age
and
com
mun
icat
ion
Diffe
rent
co
mm
u-ni
catio
n ch
anne
ls
iden
tified
&
used
Com
mu-
nica
tion
stra
tegy
de
velo
ped
NDM
A, c
ount
y go
vern
men
tsJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
20
00
02
6. D
evel
op
drou
ght
vuln
erab
il-ity
bas
elin
e an
d re
view
ba
selin
e in
-fo
rmat
ion
for
livel
ihoo
ds
To p
rovi
de
indi
cato
rs fo
r as
sess
men
t of
drou
ght i
mpa
cts
One
data
-ba
se a
nd
vuln
erab
ility
m
aps
de-
velo
ped;
Live
lihoo
d in
form
atio
n pr
ofile
d
Base
line
data
;
Upda
ted
data
base
NDM
A, E
CHO,
FA
O, W
FPJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
015
GoK,
KR
DP-E
U11
90
00
20
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 63
7. Id
entif
y, co
mm
issi
on,
supe
rvis
e an
d ex
ecut
e re
leva
nt
rese
arch
To p
rom
ote
appr
opria
te
tech
nolo
gies
fo
r dry
land
s; T
o st
reng
then
inno
-va
tion
in d
ryla
nd
food
sec
urity
&
deve
lopm
ent
Appr
opria
te
tech
nol-
ogie
s id
entifi
ed;
GIS-
base
d m
appi
ng &
in
vent
ory
of
reso
urc-
es (i
ncl.
mig
rato
ry
corr
idor
s)
com
plet
ed;
Data
base
of
rese
arch
de
velo
ped
& re
sults
di
ssem
i-na
ted
No. o
f re
sear
ch
initi
ativ
es
supp
orte
d
NDM
A, A
SAL
Secr
etar
iat,
KARI
, KEF
RI,
publ
ic u
nive
r-si
ties
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps56
6060
6167
304
8. U
nder
take
an
d su
ppor
t le
gal,
inst
itutio
nal
& p
olic
y re
-fo
rms
acro
ss
the
sect
ors
Deve
lop
a po
licy
& le
gal
fram
ewor
k fo
r pa
stor
alis
m
whi
ch d
omes
-tic
ates
the
AU
Fram
ewor
k;
Polic
y &
lega
l fra
me-
wor
k fo
r pa
stor
alis
m
form
ulat
ed
Polic
ies
publ
ishe
d &
diss
emi-
nate
d
ASAL
Sec
reta
r-ia
t, ND
MA,
line
m
inis
tries
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps37
3433
3033
167
TOTA
L: K
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t23
623
319
319
220
71,
061
Prog
ram
me
3:To
pro
tect
the
livel
ihoo
ds o
f vul
nera
ble
hous
ehol
ds d
urin
g dr
ough
t
1. C
arry
out
st
rate
gic
drou
ght p
re-
pare
dnes
s ac
tiviti
es
To p
repa
re
the
grou
nd fo
r dr
ough
t ear
ly
resp
onse
Prep
ar-
edne
ss
activ
ities
&
proj
ects
ca
rrie
d ou
t
No. o
f pr
ojec
ts;
Leve
l of
inve
stm
ent
in p
repa
r-ed
ness
ac
tiviti
es
NDM
A, li
ne m
in-
istri
es, c
ount
y go
vern
men
ts
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps20
021
022
023
025
01,
110
64 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
2. S
uppo
rt e
s-ta
blis
hmen
t of
Nat
iona
l Dr
ough
t Co
ntin
genc
y Fu
nd (N
DCF)
To d
isbu
rse
drou
ght c
ontin
-ge
ncy
fund
s fo
r tim
ely
drou
ght
miti
gatio
n, re
lief
& ea
rly re
cove
ry
NDCF
es
tabl
ishe
d an
d op
era-
tiona
lised
Lega
l ins
tru-
men
t;
Inst
itutio
n op
erat
iona
l-is
ed;
Budg
et
allo
catio
n fo
r NDC
F
Trea
sury
, NDM
AJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
KR
DP-E
U1,
242
1,02
21,
523
1,82
41,
125
6,73
6
3. R
oll-
out
com
pute
rized
co
ntin
genc
y pl
anni
ng
syst
em a
nd
prep
are
drou
ght
cont
inge
ncy
plan
s
To p
rodu
ce
high
-qua
lity,
stan
dard
ized
dr
ough
t con
tin-
genc
y pl
ans
Com
pute
r-is
ed s
ys-
tem
rolle
d ou
t in
23
coun
ties
high
ly
vuln
erab
le
to d
roug
ht
No. o
f cou
n-tie
s w
here
sy
stem
is
rolle
d ou
t
NDM
A, c
ount
y pl
anni
ng u
nits
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K,
KRDP
-EU
11
11
13
4. P
rovi
de
cont
inge
ncy
fund
s (D
CF)
and
carr
y ou
t res
pons
e ac
tiviti
es
To m
itiga
te
the
impa
cts
of
drou
ght c
rises
NDCF
ac
quire
s &
disb
urse
s fu
nds
Amou
nt
of fu
nds
sour
ced
& di
sbur
sed
NDM
A, N
DCF,
Trea
sury
, DPs
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, E
U,
WB
2,00
00
2,00
00
04,
000
5. R
oll-
out o
f M
IS fo
r DCF
di
sbur
se-
men
t &
repo
rtin
g
To e
nhan
ce
acco
unta
bilit
y &
trans
pare
ncy
in
the
use
of D
CF
MIS
rolle
d ou
t & o
per-
atio
nal i
n 23
cou
n-tie
s hi
ghly
vu
lner
able
to
dro
ught
No. o
f cou
n-tie
s w
here
sy
stem
is
rolle
d ou
t
NDM
A, c
ount
y go
vern
men
tsJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
015
GoK,
KR
DP-E
U5
105
00
20
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 65
6. R
efine
and
di
ssem
inat
e th
e dr
ough
t re
spon
se
man
ual
To d
efine
ac
tiviti
es e
ligib
le
for f
undi
ng fr
om
NDCF
and
to p
ro-
vide
sta
ndar
ds &
be
st p
ract
ices
for
impl
emen
tatio
n of
dro
ught
re-
spon
se a
ctiv
ities
Man
ual
revi
ewed
&
diss
emi-
nate
d in
23
coun
ties
high
ly
vuln
erab
le
to d
roug
ht
Drou
ght
resp
onse
m
anua
l;
Stak
ehol
der
repo
rts
NDM
AJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
KR
DP-E
U6
60
60
18
7. C
arry
out
M
&E
for a
ll pr
ojec
ts
& im
pact
as
sess
men
t st
udie
s fo
r co
mpl
eted
pr
ojec
ts
To a
sses
s th
e im
pact
of
drou
ght m
itiga
-tio
n in
itiat
ives
fin
ance
d th
roug
h th
e dr
ough
t con
-tin
genc
y fu
nds
M&E
and
As
sess
-m
ents
ca
rrie
d ou
t at
the
end
of e
ach
drou
ght
epis
ode
M&E
re
ports
;
Annu
al
revi
ew
repo
rts;
Mid
term
re
view
re
ports
;
Impa
ct
asse
ssm
ent
stud
ies
NDM
A, C
ount
y Go
vern
men
t, CS
G
July
201
3-Ju
ne 2
018
GoK,
DPs
1523
3626
4014
0
TOTA
L: P
rote
ctio
n du
ring
drou
ght
3,46
91,
272
3,78
52,
087
1,41
612
,029
Prog
ram
me
4:To
ens
ure
coor
dina
ted
actio
n by
gov
ernm
ent a
nd o
ther
sta
keho
lder
s
1.
Fina
lise
&
enac
t the
ND
MA
Bill
To e
stab
lish
& in
stitu
tiona
lise
stru
ctur
es fo
r pl
anni
ng &
co
ordi
natio
n of
dr
ough
t man
age-
men
t mat
ters
Com
mun
i-ty
, cou
nty
& na
tiona
l st
ruct
ures
re
view
ed &
in
stitu
-tio
naliz
ed;
Drou
ght
Bill
enac
ted
by
Parli
amen
t
NDM
A Bi
ll en
acte
dND
MA,
AG,
Na-
tiona
l Ass
embl
yJu
ly 2
013
- Ju
ne 2
014
GoK
30
00
03
66 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
2. R
evie
w &
in-
stitu
tiona
lize
coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sms
for i
mpl
e-m
enta
tion
of
EDE
MTP
To c
oord
inat
e st
akeh
olde
rs
invo
lved
in th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of E
DE
Coor
di-
natio
n st
ruct
ures
at
com
mu-
nity
, cou
nty
& na
tiona
l le
vels
in
stitu
tion-
aliz
ed
EDE
stru
c-tu
res
inst
itu-
tiona
lized
&
oper
atio
n-al
ised
at a
ll le
vels
.
NDM
A, M
in o
f De
volu
tion
& Pl
anni
ng, l
ine
min
istri
es, D
Ps
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps19
1915
1718
88
3. A
naly
sis
and
map
ping
of
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
To a
void
dup
lica-
tion
of a
ctiv
ities
, fo
ster
syn
ergi
es,
and
iden
tify
gaps
Web
-bas
ed
plat
form
of
map
ping
in
form
atio
n ge
nera
ted
Plat
form
es
tabl
ishe
dAS
F, ND
MA,
AS
AL S
ecre
tari-
at, U
N ag
enci
es
all p
artn
ers
July
201
3 -
June
201
4Go
K, A
SF,
DPs
73
11
113
4. S
uppo
rt th
e op
erat
ions
of
the
ASAL
St
akeh
olde
r Fo
rum
To d
evel
op &
ap-
ply
mec
hani
sms
whi
ch e
nsur
e th
e ac
coun
tabi
lity
of
stak
ehol
ders
Acco
unt-
abili
ty
fram
e-w
ork
& as
soci
ated
co
mm
uni-
catio
n pl
an
elab
orat
ed
Fram
ewor
k &
plan
in
plac
e
ASF,
ASAL
Se
cret
aria
t, ND
MA,
cou
nty
gove
rnm
ents
;
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K,
KRDP
-EU
1010
1111
1254
5. C
oord
inat
e pl
anni
ng,
desi
gn &
im
plem
en-
tatio
n of
dr
ough
t pre
-pa
redn
ess,
m
itiga
tion,
em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
&
reco
very
ac
tiviti
es
To e
nsur
e sy
nerg
y be
twee
n in
terv
entio
ns
by d
iffer
ent
stak
ehol
ders
Revi
sed
coor
di-
natio
n st
ruct
ures
fu
lly o
per-
atio
nal
• %
of
CSOs
, do
nors
&
GoK
wor
king
w
ithin
co
ordi
natio
n st
ruct
ures
•
No o
f fo
rum
s or
gani
zed
• Fo
rum
re
ports
NDM
A, K
FSM
, CS
Gs, c
om-
mun
ity D
RR
stru
ctur
es
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K,
KRDP
-EU
1515
1515
1575
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 67
6. S
uppo
rt
plan
ning
&
impl
e-m
enta
tion
of p
roje
cts
finan
ced
by
bila
tera
l &
mul
tilat
eral
in
stitu
tions
;
To e
nsur
e ta
rget
ed im
ple-
men
tatio
n of
EDE
pr
ojec
ts in
the
coun
try
Targ
eted
&
cons
ul-
tativ
e pr
ojec
ts
impl
e-m
ente
d
No.,
type
&
loca
tion
of
proj
ects
im-
plem
ente
d
NDM
A, K
RDP-
EU, M
TAP-
Da-
nida
, DFI
D &
Cord
aid,
HSN
P-DF
ID &
Aus
AID,
KA
CCAL
-UND
P, FA
P-FA
O
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K39
100
100
100
4138
0
7. G
uide
and
ad
min
iste
r ca
lls fo
r pr
opos
als
by
bila
tera
l &
mul
tilat
eral
in
stitu
tions
To e
nsur
e ha
r-m
onis
ed d
roug
ht
resi
lienc
e in
ter-
vent
ions
acr
oss
the
coun
try
Harm
o-ni
sed
in-
terv
entio
ns
carr
ied
out
No, t
ype
& lo
catio
n of
pr
ojec
ts im
-pl
emen
ted
NDM
A, K
RDP-
EU, A
SP-D
FID
July
201
3 -
June
201
8Go
K, D
Ps2
22
22
10
TOTA
L: C
oord
inat
ion
9514
914
414
689
623
TOTA
L7,
275
5,56
08,
472
7,13
66,
535
34,9
78
68 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
ANNE
X 1:
MON
ITOR
ING
AND
EVAL
UATI
ON F
RAM
EWOR
K
GOAL
STA
TEM
ENT
A se
cure
, jus
t and
pro
sper
ous
regi
on w
here
peo
ple
achi
eve
thei
r ful
l pot
entia
l and
enj
oy a
hig
h qu
ality
of l
ife.5
PURP
OSE
STAT
EMEN
TPU
RPOS
E IN
DICA
TORS
UNIT
BA
SE
LIN
E YE
ARBA
SELI
NE V
ALUE
MTP
TA
RG
ET
(201
7/18
)M
TP
TAR
GET
(2
022)
ASSU
MPT
IONS
DATA
SOU
RCE
Com
mun
ities
in d
roug
ht-
pron
e ar
eas
are
mor
e re
silie
nt to
dro
ught
and
ot
her e
ffect
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge, a
nd t
he w
orst
im
pact
s of
dro
ught
are
co
ntai
ned.
Num
ber
of p
eopl
e re
quiri
ng
food
ass
ista
nce
as a
resu
lt of
dr
ough
t em
erge
ncie
s
No20
11tb
cRe
duce
d by
40%
Redu
ced
by 8
0%Dr
ough
t res
ilien
ce in
vest
men
ts
mad
e as
pla
nned
KFS
SG
fo
od
se
cu
ri
ty
asse
ssm
ents
Rate
s of
acu
te m
alnu
triti
on
durin
g dr
ough
t per
iods
in e
ach
of th
e 23
mos
t dro
ught
-affe
cted
co
untie
s
Rate
s of
stu
ntin
g in
eac
h of
th
e 23
mos
t dro
ught
-affe
cted
co
untie
s.
% %
2011
2008
tbc
31%
<15
% G
AM
25%
< 1
0% G
AM
20%
Drou
ght r
esili
ence
inve
stm
ents
m
ade
as p
lann
edNu
tritio
n su
rvey
s
KDHS
Live
stoc
k as
set
depl
etio
n co
mpa
red
with
pre
vious
dro
ught
ep
isod
es
No20
11K
shs.
1
65
bn
dam
ages
& lo
sses
By 5
0%By
80%
Live
stoc
k m
arke
ting
inve
stm
ents
m
ade
PDNA
Ken
ya m
anag
es d
roug
ht
epis
odes
with
out
reco
urse
to
inte
rnat
iona
l em
erge
ncy a
ppea
ls
ND
CF
fully
ope
ratio
nal
and
repl
enis
hed
AR
C f
ully
ope
ratio
nal
and
func
tioni
ng
GoK
& UN
app
eal
docu
men
ts
VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017 69
POSS
IBLE
OUT
COM
E IN
DICA
TORS
AND
TAR
GETS
OUTC
OME
STAT
EMEN
TOU
TCOM
E IN
DICA
TORS
MTP
TAR
GET
(in d
evel
opm
ent)
1. P
eace
ful a
nd s
ecur
e AS
ALS
for s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent
Redu
ctio
n in
vio
lent
con
flict
s in
all
regi
ons
with
in A
SALs
Redu
ce b
y 60
% p
er y
ear
Impr
ovem
ent i
n po
lice/
popu
latio
n ra
tio to
UN
stan
dard
s1:
450
Redu
ctio
n in
illic
it sm
all a
rms
in a
ll re
gion
s w
ithin
ASA
LsRe
duce
by
40%
per
yea
r
2. E
nhan
ced
enab
ling
envir
onm
ent
for g
row
th a
nd d
evel
opm
ent i
n AS
ALs
Prop
ortio
n of
prio
rity
road
s w
ithin
the
targ
et re
gion
s th
at a
re p
aved
and
mai
ntai
ned
tbc
Prop
ortio
n of
the
popu
latio
n w
ithin
the
regi
on a
cces
sing
ICT
tbc
Rate
of c
onne
ctio
n of
soc
ial i
nfra
stru
ctur
e, c
omm
unity
infra
stru
ctur
e, s
mal
l bus
ines
ses
& ho
useh
olds
(bot
h gr
id &
off-
grid
)tb
c
Prop
ortio
n of
hou
seho
lds
with
acc
ess
to s
afe
wat
er fo
r con
sum
ptio
ntb
c
3.1
Incr
ease
d ac
cess
, equ
ity a
nd
qual
ity o
f edu
catio
n se
rvic
es in
ar
id &
pas
tora
l cou
ntie
s
NER
at a
ll le
vels
, dis
aggr
egat
ed b
y ge
nder
tbc
Tran
sitio
n ra
te fr
om p
rimar
y to
sec
onda
ry, d
isag
greg
ated
by
gend
ertb
c
Teac
her/
pupi
l rat
io1:
25 (p
rim);
1:40
(sec
)
KCPE
mea
n sc
ore,
dis
aggr
egat
ed b
y ge
nder
tbc
Qual
ity g
rade
at K
CSE
(C+
and
abo
ve),
disa
ggre
gate
d by
gen
der
tbc
Prop
ortio
n of
sch
ools
offe
ring
com
preh
ensi
ve ra
nge
of s
ubje
cts/
faci
litie
s [to
be
adde
d la
ter]
3.2
Incr
ease
d ac
cess
, equ
ity
and
qual
ity o
f hea
lth &
nut
ritio
n se
rvic
es in
ASA
Ls
Prop
ortio
n of
fully
imm
uniz
ed c
hild
ren
tbc
Prop
ortio
n of
mot
hers
del
iver
ing
with
ski
lled
prov
ider
And
/or:
Mat
erna
l mor
talit
y ra
tetb
c
Unde
r-fiv
e m
orta
lity
rate
tbc
Cove
rage
of i
nteg
rate
d m
anag
emen
t of a
cute
mal
nutri
tion
(IMAM
) pro
gram
me
50%
Vaca
ncy
rate
in h
ealth
faci
litie
stb
c
4. A
SAL
livel
ihoo
ds st
reng
then
ed
in a
sus
tain
able
man
ner
Grow
th is
incl
usiv
e &
sust
aina
ble,
inco
rpor
atin
g pr
oduc
tive
capa
citie
s th
at s
treng
then
live
lihoo
ds fo
r the
poo
r and
vul
nera
ble
tbc
Early
reco
very
and
rapi
d re
turn
to s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent p
athw
ays
are
achi
eved
pos
t-dr
ough
ttb
c
Long
-ter
m in
vest
men
ts in
saf
ety-
nets
pro
vide
sus
tain
ed p
rote
ctio
n of
hou
seho
ld a
sset
stb
c
70 VISION 2030 SECTOR PLAN FOR DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND ENDING DROUGHT EMERGENCIES 2013 – 2017
OUTC
OME
STAT
EMEN
TOU
TCOM
E IN
DICA
TORS
MTP
TAR
GET
(in d
evel
opm
ent)
5. In
stitu
tiona
l and
fina
ncin
g fr
amew
ork
for
drou
ght
man
agem
ent s
treng
then
ed
Resp
onse
tim
e fo
r dro
ught
con
tinge
ncy
fund
20 d
ays
Ratio
of f
unds
allo
cate
d by
GoK
& D
Ps to
the
foun
datio
ns fo
r dev
elop
men
t, co
mpa
red
with
dro
ught
em
erge
ncie
stb
c
Ratio
of C
SOs
in e
ach
of th
e 23
mos
t dro
ught
-affe
cted
cou
ntie
s an
d at
nat
iona
l lev
el w
orki
ng w
ithin
agr
eed
drou
ght c
oord
inat
ion
stru
ctur
es a
nd a
ctin
g w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
join
tly a
gree
d de
velo
pmen
t & c
ontin
genc
y pl
ans
75%
(for
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing)
tbc
(for a
ctio
n)
Num
ber o
f nat
iona
l and
cou
nty
plan
s an
d bu
dget
s th
at m
ains
tream
dro
ught
risk
redu
ctio
n, c
limat
e ch
ange
ada
ptat
ion,
soc
ial
prot
ectio
n &
EDE
com
mitm
ents
.tb
c
(Foo
tnot
es)
1 Is
iolo
(50M
W),
Mar
sabi
t (15
0MW
), La
ke T
urka
na (3
00M
W),
Waj
ir, M
ande
ra, N
gong
Hill
s, &
var
ious
site
s in
Lam
u (3
50M
W)
2 in
14
ASAL
cou
ntie
s (9
arid
& 5
sem
i-arid
)
3 in
Isio
lo, S
ambu
ru &
Kaj
iado
4 in
Man
dera
, Waj
ir, L
odw
ar, L
okor
i, Lo
kich
oggi
o, O
rtum
, Mar
igat
, Mar
sabi
t, No
rth H
orr,
Moy
ale,
Isio
lo &
Hol
a
5Vis
ion
stat
emen
t for
the
Visi
on 2
030
Deve
lopm
ent S
trate
gy fo
r Nor
ther
n Ke
nya
and
othe
r Arid
Lan
ds (f
rom
whi
ch th
e ED
E is
dra
wn)
.