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REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
AZERBAIJAN AMELIORATION AND WATER FARM
JOİNT STOCK COMPANY
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT
FOR WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER SYSTEM
INVESTMENTS FOR 4 RAYONS
(AGSU, ISMAYILLI, SIYAZAN AND SHABRAN)
WITHIN SECOND NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT
SHABRAN RAYON
EPTISA Servicios de Ingenieria, S.L
Hydrometeorology Consulting Company
Baku- November 2010
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABREVIATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................4
EXECUTİVE SUMMARY… ……………………………………………………………….……………..5
1.0 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….…………...32
1.1 Context of the EIA ………………………………………………………………………….32
1.2 Purpose of the EIA ………………………………………………….………………............34
1.3 Methodology ………………………………………………………………………………..35
2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK………...……………………36
2.1 Policy Framework ………………………………………………………………………….36
2.2 Legal Framework …………………………………………………………………………...40
2.3 Administrative Framework …………………………………………………………………41
3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ……………………………………………………………………….45
3.1 Problem Statement…………………………………………………………………………..45
3.2 Project Identification ………………………………………………………………………..49
3.3 Map of project area and the location of project infrastructure to be included………............60
3.4. Legal and Institutional Strengthening……………………………………………………….62
4.0 BASELINE DATA ……………………………………….…………………………….………….64
4.1 Bio-Physical Description of Project Area ……………………………………….………….64
4.2 Socio-Economic Description of the Project Area ……………………………….………….72
4.3 Projected Changes In Project Area…………………………………….……………………76
4.4 Data Reliability …………………………………………………………….……………….77
5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ………………………………………………………..……….78
5.1 Environmental Issues…………………………………………………………….……….…78
5.2 Potential Positive Project Impacts ……………………………………………………….…79
5.3 Potential Negative Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures …………………….………..79
5.4 Data Evaluation ……………………………………………………………………….…….91
6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES …………………………………...…………………………92
6.1 No Project Scenario ………………………………………...................................................92
6.2 Water Supply System improvement only …………………..................................................93
6.3 Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement ………………………95
7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION………….……………………..………………………………….97
8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ……….…….………………….……….……105
8.1 Application of Mitigation Measures ………………………………………….…….…….113
8.2 Monitoring ………………………………………………………………………..….……123
8.3 Capacity assessment for the Environmental management of the Project ………………...128
List of references……………………………………………………………………………129
ANNEXES…………..……………………………………………………………………………….…… 130
ANNEX I. Project Area in Shabran region
ANNEX II. Proposed WS option
3
Annex III. Proposed Sewage System option
ANNEX IV. Proposed alternative Sewage System option
ANNEX V. Proposed water distribution system
ANNEX VI. Drinking water quality requirements and standards
ANNEX VII. Water quality analysis results of Shabran
ANNEX VIII . Characteristics of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water
ANNEX IX Treated waste water and sludge requirements
ANNEX X. Summary report of consultation meetings with key stakeholders
ANNEX XI. Public meeting on discussion of EİA report
4
ACRONYMS and ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank
AZERSU Azersu Joint Stock Company
AZN AZN Azeri New Manats
AWMC Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management Open Joint Stock Company
FS Feasibility Study
HH Household
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (The World Bank)
IT Information Technology
IDA International Development Association
IDP Institutional Development Plan
masl Meters above sea level
MENR Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources
mm Millimeters
MoH Ministry of Health
O&M Operation and Maintenance
P.A. Per Annum
PIU Project Implementation Unit
Project Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project - Feasibility Study for 16
Rayons in Azerbaijan
SNWSSP Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project
SSC State Statistics Committee
TOR Terms of References
UN United Nations
VAT Value Added Tax
WB World Bank
WHO World Health Organization
WSS Water supply and sanitation
WW Wastewater
WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant
5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. GENERAL
The Azerbaijan Second National Water Supply and Sanitation (SNWSS2) Project is financed by the
Government of Azerbaijan and World Bank. The employer for the project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and
Water Farm Open Joint Stock Company (OJSC) .
Gauff and Temelsu JV Int. Eng. Ser. Inc. Joint Venture is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water
Supply and Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons.
The first phase of the project includes Aghsu, Ismayilli, Shabran and Siyezen rayons. This feasibility report
has been concentrated on Shabran (Devechi) region water and sanitation investments proposed to be financed
under the noted project..
Eptisa (Spain) in association with Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to
prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to assess the environmental and
social impacts of project and to identify the mitigation measures both during construction and operation. This
EIA study provides recommendations on mitigation measures and proposes an environmental management
plan including mitigation measures and proper monitoring actions to reduce and prevent impacts form the
proposed civil works.
Shabran is located in the north-east of the Great Caucasus. In the east it is bounded by the Caspian Sea. Total
area of the rayon is 1088 sq km. The rayon comprises 68 villages. There are 22,533 (year 2009) people living
in Shabran town, the administrative center of the rayon.
The project service area for water supply will include the Sincanboyat and Surra villages.The wastewater
from Surra Village is taught to be collected as well as refugee camp located at the northeast of Shabran rayon
center. Estimated population to be connected figures for water supply and sewerage collection is
28,100(covering almost all population of the project area) and for sewerage and wastewater treatment is
29,000
2. EXISTING SITUATION
Water Supply
There are no water sources in Shabran or in the nearby area. The population of the rayon and the some nearby
villages is supplied from Baku Water Pipe I and II. No meters are present at key water collection points.
Records obtained form the local Birleshmish Sukanal Authority indicate that the amount of water consumed
in overall Shabran Rayon is estimated be3,5 million m3/year.
Water is supplied by gravity and pumped to the distribution network. Overall, the drinking water service in
the rayon of the Shabran is characterized as unsound and unable to satisfactorily fulfill the basic utility
mandate of community service. The consumed water is disinfected inconsistently. The service area of the
“urban centre” water supply system, the focus of this evaluation, encompasses about 14,400 person or 67.3
percent of the town of Shabran. The construction of the water distribution network has been started in 1985
and ended in 1995. The main pipe material is steel. The total length of existing supply and distribution lines
6
is around 87,5 km. Only 20% of the existing pipes are less than 10 years old. Significant amount of water
leakage has been observed from pumps, valves and pumping station manifolds during site visits.
Maintenance and repair activities do not include periodic preventive maintenance, but emergency actions.
Some emergency actions are being undertaken in relevant situations..
Existing water resources would meet current demand with proper design, maintenance and management of
the pipe network (to reduce leakages, maintain pressure levels and control customer usage). However, these
resources are squandered. Laboratory tests made during the project preparation shows compliance of
drinking water with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water” standards, except for bacteriological standards.
There are two main and one small water reservoir exist in the Shabran rayon center. Volumes of the bigger
ones are 1,500 and 200 m3 whereas the small one has a volume of 10 m
3 and is located at the central pumping
station. The biggest water reservoir has been constructed without consideration of the pressure requirements
according to the location and elevation conditions of the Shabran rayon center.
Wastewater System:
Wastewater is mainly collected in simple wells (shambo) owned by consumers. Untreated wastewater is
collected via canals and underground drainage to non-official areas. No part of the rayon is served by an
official community sewerage system. The primary sources of wastewater are the residential population and
commercial activities In most areas no a sewer network exists, so that wastewater is mostly disposed either in
ditches along the roads or in pits within the properties. The discharge of sewage around the houses -
especially during summer – has led to concerns on children’s health. According to health statistics of
Shabran Rayon between 2000 and 2009, the most common water borne disease is viral hepatitis. Its
occurrence averages is app. 5.8 in a year. Acute intestinal infections, dysentery and salmonellas follow viral
hepatitis with 3.9, 1.4 and 0.5 occurrences in a year respectively. Water source diseases are thought to be
decreased in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the rayon.
Currently a sewerage collection system is under the construction within the Shabran rayon center which is
expected to be completed in year 2010.
When replacing of existing asbestos cement requirements by WB ( See section 8) will be followed
according to the environmental management plan.
There is no central wastewater treatment plant. Houses are equipped with cesspits to which the wastewater is
discharged. The sludge collected in the pits is regularly removed by suction trucks and illegally discharged to
the surrounding area.
7
3. PROBLEMS
Water has been supplied intermittently, and a water supply system has not been provided for half of
population. The hygienic conditions within the houses are poor due to unsupplied drinking water. Some
families pay for water supplied by truck. Most of the houses don’t have a water metering device therefore
their payment has been decided by an inspector of Local Birleshmish Su Kanal Authority. A large amount of
water leakage was observed at the pump stations of water system. Physical and administrative losses sum up
to estimated loss rates of more than 70%.
Untreated wastewater discharged to the small canals and wastewater seeping from the septic tanks to ground
result in groundwater contamination, odor and hygienic problems in Shabran rayon center. in addition,
ground water resources which are partly used by the consumers in Shabran Rayon center are contaminated
with the wastewater leaking from the septic tanks and reaching to the aquifers. The sewerage system under
construction is not designed well to make house connections efficiently
Also unhealthy situation of the existing wastewater treatment plant imposes health and safety conditions of
the people living around it.
In general existing problems are depletion of existing water supply and sanitation (WSS) assets due to lack
of sustainable investments and insufficient capacities for Operation and Maintenance (O&M), little
appreciation of public infrastructure sector and its organizations due to bad quality and service – consumers
implement their individual solutions without a general concept, limited budgets, low awareness of hygienic
interrelations of water supply, wastewater disposal and livestock farming cause high rates of water borne
diseases and major WSS supply lines and other facilities often affected by landslides and earthquakes.
In particular in the Water Supply system there is lack of mechanism for application of legislation to water
withdrawal from Water Transmission Pipelines, no sound legal protection of future investments, limited
number and capacity of water supply pumps and reservoirs – no extension according to growth of population
and industry, damages caused by great age, low material quality and insufficient installation depth of pipes
lead to high losses within the water distribution network. Interrupted water supply and temporarily empty
pipes cause bad water quality at house connections (bacteria, sediments, rust etc). There are hygienic
problems by private water storage tanks. New water supply lines/areas were implemented on the standards of
the old systems i.e. regular steel pipes and manually operated pumps and valves Manual operation of the
water distribution system – no automation and control. Preference of gravity flow systems and bad reputation
of pumps – as high manual effort and energy cost necessary to operate the existing old pumps.
Wastewater
Wastewater collection, treatment and discharge is considered to be of minor importance compared to water
supply facilities – it is low priority and receives no investment since 1990. Damages of existing sewers
results in irregular wastewater flows at the surface . There are too few shafts causing very limited access to
8
existing sewer network, no equipment for maintenance and repair – no chance for troubleshooting. Sewerage
disposal in unlined pits leads to pollution of ground and surface water – as private wells are also used for
water supply this constitutes a serious health risk. Sludge disposal from pits and septic tanks is done illegally
outside the municipal area
Socio-Economic Situation is characterised by the low connection rate to public water supply network
(estimated at 50-70%) – many people are used to living with little water as they must carry it for a longer
distance or buy it from tank trucks. Bathrooms not common in the Rayon towns – improvement requires
modification or extension of the houses and will depend on economic possibilities of the owners. Toilets
mostly outdoor using open pits without flushing – future connection to a new sewer system will depend on
personal interest and require private investments. Popular cohabitation with livestock within the urban
settlement without sufficient disposal of excrements.
Institutional Situation is characterised by the low level of support for Local Sukanal (water agency)
Departments by central organizations and institutions, and very limited provision of know how, equipment,
vehicles etc. from central departments, institutional complexity and dependency on central organizations and
institutions inhibits solutions and investments on Rayon level. National Water Supply Tariffs are not cost-
effective to cover necessary investments – for better water quality and 24 hour supply the majority of
consumers need to agree to higher rates. The current tariff rates apply to a normative demand which is much
higher than actual. Value and qualification of Rayon Sukanal staff are affected by the need of manual
handling and trouble shooting. They are not in line with future O&M requirements. Scepticism of villages
concerning incorporation by the cities and/or integration by larger WSS organizations – disadvantages due to
limited independence and priority of the city. The management structure and skills of Sukanals are poorly
aligned for operating as a service industry.
There is an immediate need to address these issues through development and implementation of an efficient
and effective WSS system that is affordable to local communities and which meets the needs of the range of
stakeholders that it must serve.
4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Government of Azerbaijan planned the implementation of National Water Supply and Sanitation Project
with the financial assistance of World Bank since 2007. The second phase of the same project has been
approved on date 27 May 2008 as Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (SNWSSP). The
implementing agency of this second phase project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management Open
Stock Company AWMC.
The general objective of this Project is to improve the availability, quality, reliability, and sustainability of
water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in 16 of Azerbaijan's regional (rayon) centers. Better
infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities shall be implemented to improve living conditions,
reduce poverty and support local economic growth.
9
Gauff and Temelsu JV consortium is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and
Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons, one of which is Shabran Rayon. The contract for this work entered
into force on 16th March 2010 with a mobilization period: 30 days. Official Project Commencement date is
the 5th of April 2010 and scheduled completion date is 5th of April 2011. The project is intended to provide
better infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities in order to improve living conditions, reduce
poverty and support local economic growth.
The Project contains 3 components:
A1: Rayon Investment component, which will finance priority investments in the WSS sector, such as
the rehabilitation and extension of WSS systems, including facilities for wastewater and septic sludge
treatment in rayon centers across Azerbaijan;
B1: Institutional Modernization component which will support development and implementation of an
Institutional Development Plan (IDP) for Azersu and its subsidiary companies and State Amelioration
and Water Management Agency (SAWMA), to improve the operational efficiency and sustainability
of WSS services;
C1: Project Implementation and Management component, which will support project implementation
by financing project management activities including Incremental Operating Costs due to the project,
training, and annual audits of the project and entity accounts and financial statements.
As Part of the Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (WSS) within the A1 project
component, consulting services are required to study the existing conditions and to identify feasible water
supply and wastewater investments in 16 Rayons, including Shabran. Gauff and Temelsu JV has assessed the
technical feasibility of proposed project measures and financial feasibility for each area based on cost
estimations of proposed measures. In the project documentation it is indicated that the primary objective of
the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities through the provision of safe,
potable water quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.
The Project aims to achieve its objectives through:
Implementation of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure by
rehabilitation of existing facilities and construction of new ones where this is necessary.
Determination of the operational bottlenecks of the water and sanitation system and development of
project proposals to improve efficiency
Strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain these services
Developing a sense of local ownership through community participation
10
The water source for the proposed project in Shabran rayon is the Baku Water Transmission Line. As
indicated above, laboratory water tests, samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking water
quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.”.
In the proposed water supply system there would be 2 pumping stations and 4 reservoirs. 3 of the reservoirs
are service reservoirs with 1,000 m3, 2,000 m
3 and 700 m
3 capacities. The fourth reservoir is a collection
reservoir with 100 m3 capacity near Pumping Station 1. PS1 feeds the reservoir with 2,000 m
3 capacity,
while PS2 feeds the reservoir with 800 m3 capacity. The water supply pipes will be renewed with PE pipes
within the scope of the Project and water will be supplied 24 hours.
Within the scope of the Project, polyethylene corrugated pipes will be laid to create a wastewater network
and a new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the
town center. The land belongs to the Municipality.
General characteristics of the WTTP are the Population Equivalent: 29,000 person (2030), Daily Flow: 4,963
m3/d. Dry Weather Peak Flow: 100.07l/s, Rainy Weather Peak Flow: 141.73 l/s
The WWTP will comprise: Screens and Inlet Pumping Station, Aerated Grit Chamber, Flow Measurement,
Primary Sedimentation Tanks, Activated Sludge Tanks, Final Sedimentation Tanks, Return Sludge and
Excess Sludge Pumping Station, Gravity Thickeners, and Sludge Drying Beds
Treated wastewater will be discharged to the drainage trench near the plant, which connects to Caspian Sea.
Water borne diseases are expected to decrease in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the
rayon.
Expected project benefits in the project area are the prevention of the ground and surface water pollution,
protection of the public health, prevention of wasting of water resources and energy and prevention of the
soil pollution and supply of free fertilizers (i.e. sludge of proper quality from the WWTP) to farmers
5. INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS
In Azerbaijan the following organizations are engaged in questions of water resources
management:
The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources;
Amelioration and Water Farm JSC
Azersu JSC
Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene
Responsibilities of above agencies are described in the Chapter 2 of the main text.
11
6. EIA PROCESS
Eptisa (Spain) in association with Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to
prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to: (i) assess the environmental
and social impacts of project, (ii) identify the mitigation measures both during construction and post
development and (iii) prepare an environmental management and monitoring plan..
The issues covered by the EIA study are focusing on the most important environmental and social impacts
of the project, and especially to raise concerns of the impacted households . The EIA also identifies which of
the project activities has a potential to interact with the environment in the specific context of the natural,
regulatory (i.e. legal) and socio-economic environments in which these activities will occur.
Scoping was conducted early in the EIA process so that a focus on the priority issues (i.e. those that have the
greatest potential to affect the natural and/or socio-economic environment) could be established for the rest
of the EIA process. Scoping also helped identify gaps in the environmental, socio-economic and engineering
information that need to be addressed so that an informed impact assessment can be completed.
Different categories of issues, as identified below, were considered in the EIA. The potential beneficial and
adverse effects in each category were identified based on literature review, onsite data collection and
surveying, intensive investigations by individual experts through field surveys and site specific
investigations.
The following categories of impacts were considered:
1) Natural plants Flora and their habitat impacts were investigated using available technical reports and
through field survey.
2) Natural animal, birds Fauna and their habitat were investigated using available technical reports and
through field survey.
3) Surface and groundwater data were obtained from available reports and were used to map surface and
groundwater existence. Later these data were used to assess the hydrogeology and surface water
catchments.
4)Agricultural impacts were investigated by looking at the agricultural values, gathering crop and soil
types, and through field survey.
5) Air quality impacts were based on generalized regional level data combined with growth forecasts. In
addition, acoustic impacts (noise and vibration) were investigated.
6) Socio-economic impacts (living and employment conditions) were investigated using available data and
the data of the of State Statistical Committee.
7) Municipal services and utilities impacts (water supply, sewerage system, solid waste collection and
disposal, electricity, telecommunication, etc.) were investigated using existing information and the
Region Master Plan. Site visits enhanced these investigations.
12
8) Health and safety measures have been investigated and identified as being in accordance with the
national requirements and international Safety Guidelines
9) Further impacts and assessments were investigated through field survey and site visits.
In this section, identified Project components and project-related issues associated with those components
have been integrated to identify the extent to which the project may impact the natural and social
environmental components and the significance of those impacts has been assessed on national, community
and local scales. For assessment of what level of significance to assign to an environmental component and/
or the potential impact of a project on an environmental component an objective methodology is required to
permit assessment of the potential significance of environmental issues.
In the evaluation process a semi-quantitative analysis has been undertaken, to summarize “Valued
environmental components” (VEC’s) according to whether they are “high”, “medium” or “low”. Valued
environmental components that are valued as “high” are those that are broadly important across society.
VEC’s that are ranked as “medium” are those that are important at a community level, but are of limited
significance at a wider level. VEC’s that are ranked as “low” are significant at a localized level. All these
issues have been taken into consideration during development of mitigation measures and Environment
Management Plans.
7. ALTERNATIVES
Following alternatives have been considered during the EIA process:
-No Project Scenario
-Water Supply System improvement only
Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement
Project FS Consultant clearly described the situation in the Feasibility Study document according to all the
above sceneries. For each component of the project some alternatives also have been looked through. For the
water supply of Shabran rayon center there are two alternatives: (i) water supply from Baku II water
transmission line; and (ii) to supply water from the Tahtakorpu Dam. The first alternative includes two
pumping stations and three reservoirs. In the second alternative, one Drinking Water Treatment Plant and a
small reservoir need to be constructed additionally to the reservoirs. Whereas the pumps of the first
alternative will be replaced with a pump located at a place nearby the Drinking Water Treatment Plant of
second alternative. In second alternative lesser power is required form pumps(because of elevation), nut in
sum together with the cost of WTP it becomes more expensive that the use of first variant. In addition there
are some uncertainties when the second variant can start. There are no main technical alternatives for
reconstruction of water distribution network except the sub-alternatives like the type of pipe material.
The sewerage collected at North West edge of Shabran presents two technical alternatives in order to transfer
the collected wastewater into the treatment plant. The first one is to construct a gravity line with a total
length of 4,5 km. The second one is to construct a pumping station and pump the sewage collected in that
area to a higher elevation spot in the sewerage network with a pipe line of having length 1,7 km. The
13
wastewater treatment plant option has been evaluated from the point of economy and operability of process
alternatives. The extended aeration process with sludge drying beds is selected by Gauff and Temelsu JV.
Information on existing alternatives and recommended variants is given in section 6
8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION
This activity is aimed at informing identified stakeholders and other interested parties concerning the project
and gathering perspectives from them. Public consultation presents stakeholders with the opportunity to
voice both their positive opinions and their concerns and to enable these issues to be addressed in the EIA
and incorporated into the project design.
A round table meeting was held on 07 June, 2010 and hosted by the Executive Power of Shabran region.
Representatives of different agencies, Amelioration JSC, Azersu , MoE and NGOs attended and their
concerns were also reported. The meeting was solely dedicated for defining the scope of the EIA..
Workshop was organized on October 22 2010 in the meeting venue provided by the Shabran Rayon
Executive Power to discuss developed EIA for the proposed WSS projects. It was advertised 15 days before
this date and also many of stakeholders have been invited by the Rayon Executive Power beforehand to
attend it.
The representative of EPTİSA lead consortium provided the general information about the Project to
participants and answered asked questions. Main discussions where about proposals of Project Alternatives,
Proposal Water sources , Environment Impact Assessment, Scheduled Activities for Environment
Management Plan, Proposed Mitigation Measures.
The Presented findings were been actively discussed. Discussions topics were related to water supply,
location of waste water treatment plant, sewer canals, project schedule and employment of local people in
project construction work.
The environmental consultant of the PIU informed that provided proposals will be considered in the EIA.
Audience was informed that proposals related to above issues has been incorporated into EIA and will be
taken into account by the detailed design of the project.
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Measures for mitigating possible negative environmental impacts are directed at minimizing possible
negative environmental and social-economic impacts during the construction and utilization phases of the
project. These measures will be carried out by the construction company during the construction phase of the
WSS project and by the local Water Canal Company during utilization phase.
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlines the management mechanisms (i.e. working
arrangements) for how the environmental and social elements of the project should be managed from
detailed design and construction through operation.
The EMP is aimed at reduction to minimum level of any potentially negative environmental impacts during
construction and operation. It requires that all aspects of the works comply with the relevant legislation and
norms., and that measures to mitigate impacts identified in the EIA are implemented, and that environmental
monitoring and emergency measures are carried out during the construction works on the site. Within the
14
EMP required environmental controls and monitoring procedures are considered during construction and
after the work is completed. The Contractor is responsible for the implementation of these mitigation
measures and emergency measures during construction.
There are several mechanisms of ensuring delivery during construction of both general and site specific
mitigation developed through in the EIAs. One mechanism involves requiring the Contractor to further
develop the outline requirements of the in an EMP by designing individual Management Plans, for, project
activities that include such as oil and fuel storage, waste management, traffic management and pollution
prevention.
A tabulated summary of the environmental management is presented below.
There is an initial environmental assessment for the Category A typed project in the prepared project
Feasibility Study Document, where the “Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist” was filled for both
sewerage and water supply systems. This checklist summarizes the existing project area in Shabran and
potential environmental impacts, which the project may cause. According to the checklist some issues of
impact can take place in the project implementation. These issues then in the EIA process have been
compared with the “Valued Environmental Components and Potential Negative Effects” (Chapter 5.1)
and then relevant mitigation measures have been identified accordingly.
10. APPLICATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES
The Potential main impacts and mitigation measures to reduce these impacts at the construction and
operation stages are summarized in the following table. The table includes It is based on recommendations
of the Feasibility Study document, together with additional measures that are considered necessary as a
result of the EIA process. which was added with necessary additional measures in the EIA process and
presented below
15
Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Construc-
tion stage
Air quality
Dust, gases/aerosol
associated with
construction (toxic gasses
discharged by
construction machineries,
wind blown construction
materials etc.)
Dust prevention by watering and other
means;
Transportation of grainy or dusty materials in
the top-coated trucks;
Watering of dust sources;
Transportation of dust producing materials
during calm days (not in the windy days);
Avoid making open fires;
Avoid setting fire on residue grease, isolation
materials, and other substances;
Efficient use of machinery and other
technologies;
Application of adequate construction
methodologies and facilities;
Careful implementation of works in
vulnerable areas.
Provision of water: $10,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Earth
Waste pollution,
especially wastes caused
by construction and
domestic activities;
Material storage, civil
works and other impacts;
Landfill of wastes and
other materials;
Impacts of excavation
works;
Possibility of erosion;
Wastewater.
Protection of the surroundings of the
construction site;
Limited works in the vulnerable zones;
Identify adequate areas to store residue
materials, and transportation of all
construction related effluent materials into
the predetermined site;
Control of erosion process;
Provide earth stabilization/green cover over
vertical points and slopes to minimize land
slide risks;
Prevent discharge of excavated material to
the river beds or lakes;
Provision of materials and
cover to prevent landslide
risks: $10,000
Traffic management
signage: $5,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
16
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect
excavated spoil material and discharge
somewhere close to the construction site;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest
sewage line, installation of toilets and septic
tanks.
Topsoil
Damage to the topsoil
resulting from material
storage, excavation
works, temporary roads
etc.
Loss of topsoil during
excavation;
Flushing of topsoil and
soil erosion due to
polluted water streams;
Adequate design works and selection of
proper route to minimize impact on the
topsoil;
Usage of excavated soil material for the
agriculture purposes;
Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible
after the completion of the construction
works;
Discharge of materials to the predetermined
areas by secondary routs;
Measures against land slides
Storage of toxic materials and effluents in the
safe and predetermined areas, its provision
with drainage waters, and processing where
necessary;
Standards applied, including soil erosion
prevention by good soil practice and
drainage control. Good soil conservation
measures and effective reins to prevent
future erosion and soil loss.
Proper storage of toxic
materials/effluents: $12,500
Measures against landslides
addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
17
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Water
resources and
waste waters
Pollution of surface and
groundwater sources due
to domestic and
construction effluents,
including harmful
residues, leakage of fuel
and other oil related
products;
Blockage of surface and
groundwater filtration
and creation of stagnant
water accumulations.
Water scarcity problems
in low flow periods of the
year cre in low flow
periods of the year
connected with project
and increase of water
supply problem for other
users which use the same
sources
Avoid discharge of harmful chemical
substances into sewage lines or ground
surface;
Design and operation of natural drainage and
consideration for alternative directions;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest
sewage line, installation of toilets and septic
tanks.
Required standards applied, including safe
removal of wastewater during renovation
works, use of appropriate equipment by
workers and ongoing liaison with residents
and fencing off contaminated areas.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Constructi
on stage Noise
Disturbance due to noise
generated from
construction works and
intensive traffic
Use of adequate construction materials and
equipment;
Adherence to predetermined work schedule
to minimize disturbance and implementation
of noise generating works during normal
work hours;
Minimum use of noise generating equipment
(example, stone cutters, compressors);
Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use
of silencers.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
18
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Natural
habitat
Disturbance of the natural
habitat due to
construction related
noise, dust, non-seasonal
works, unprocessed
residues and etc.
Loss of natural settlement
areas due to construction
works.
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation
of wastes;
Application of relevant construction and
seasonal work methodologies;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close
to the construction site.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Flora and
fauna
Earthworks, operation of
machines, noise and etc.;
Losses or degradations
during and after
construction works, non-
seasonal works, change
of ecological situation
etc.
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation
of wastes;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close
to the construction site;
Application of seasonal work methodologies
where necessary.
Storage, processing,
liquidation of wastes
addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Constructi
on stage
Aesthetics and
landscape
Impact of works on
landscape and
disturbance to natural
sights, greenness and
trees;
Noise, dust, residue and
etc. during and after
construction.
Careful design and location of works;
Restoration of damaged trees, protection
lines and etc.;
Planting of greenery in the construction site,
careful implementation of works in the work
sites, and management of wastes.
Restoration/planting of
greenery: $50,000
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Agriculture
Damage to agricultural
lands, including drainage
and irrigation
Liaise effectively with relevant organizations
and residents before start of construction,
maintain dialogue, develop a grievance
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
19
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
infrastructure. procedure, strictly control machinery and
vehicle access and reinstate all affected areas
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
JSC
Livestock
Livestock resources
damaged by machinery
and vehicles.
Liaise effectively with farmers and residents
before start of construction, maintain
dialogue, develop a grievance procedure,
strictly control machinery and vehicle access
and reinstate all affected areas
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Health and
safety of
residents and
workers
Health risks from
unprocessed wastes;
Use of harmful
substances (paints with
heavy metal, lead
compositions), asbestos-
cement slabs,
inflammable and toxic
materials etc.).
Planning of measures dealing with security
and environmental protection issues;
Adherence to project standards, good
signage, ongoing consultation with residents,
including schools. All workers to use
appropriate PPE and be trained at project
induction. Safety fencing provided.
Organization and implementation of security
and safety related trainings; Requirements of
y WB will be followed(Chapter 8) when
replacing the asbestos-cement pipes.
Management of materials in accordance with
the relevant ecological and sanitary-hygiene
norms;
Identification of dangerous sites, proper
storage/liquidation of waste materials.
Trainings: $25,000
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Construction of warehouse
for temporal stirage of
hazardpus wastes: $50,000
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Areas of
historical and
cultural value
Damage to areas of
historical and cultural
value located in the
project area
There are no areas of historic/cultural value
to be affected by project. But if it appears
relevant measures need to be taken
Staff awareness;
Inform adequate organizations in case of
archeological findings;
Temporary termination of works.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
20
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Resettlement
Land
acquisition]
Loss of property, land
and damage to living
areas of population
There no need for resettlement. For areas where lands used for agricultural
crop production relevant plans need to be
prepared, which includes provision of
replacement lands or compensation for lost
access to plots of arable land and lost fruit or
nut trees.
Costs for resettlement (if
any) to be negotiated by
project owner in accordance
with relevant legislation,
contractual agreement or
other documents.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Operations
stage
(potable
water
systems)
Risks to
human health
and
environment
Quality of treated water Operation supervision of treatment facilities
in due accordance with the operation
guidelines;
Quality control of water flows entering the
system;
Avoid pollution of treated waters with the
wastewater flows;
Avoid over-chlorination of water flows
supplied to the consumers.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Breakages and
emergency situations
There is need to develop scheduled
preventative maintenance
Training of staff on safety and human
security issues;
Measures to avoid leakage of chlorine gas.
Training cost identified
below
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Social-
economical
Reduction of treated
water quantities
Prevent illegal connections to the system;
Proper operation of the system including
water treatment, pipelines, connection lines
and etc.
Ensure an affordable tariff structure and
proper collection of fees.
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedure
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Quality of wastewater
and its impacts on human
Constant monitoring of wastewater flows
coming out of the wastewater treatment
Monitoring of downstream
environmental quality:
Contractor
Supervisor/
21
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Operations
stage
(sewage
and
wastewater
)
Risks to
human health
and
environmental
impacts
health and environment
plant;
Discharge of wastewater into the
environment only after adequate treatment;
Training of operation staff for their
qualification raising;
Monitoring of downstream habitats to
evaluate the extent to which they return to
their previously unpolluted state.
$12,500 one time every 2
years for 20 years
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Amelioration
JSC
Quality of sediments in
the treatment structures
(sludge), risks due to
agricultural consumption
of these wastes.
Adequate processing of sludge;
Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and
heavy metals in the composition of output
sludge;
Transportation of sludge in the closed
containers;
Training of operation staff for their
qualification raising.
Training In application of sludge, and
monitoring of sludge application
Monitoring of sludge
quality: $10,000/year
Transportation of sludge
$10,000/year
Training cost identified
below
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Smell generations in the
wastewater treatment
structure;
Planning and management of smell
mitigation;
Tight shutting of smell producing equipment
and containers.
Odour masking agents: $US
5,000/year
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Safe storage of
hazardous and
non-hazardous
wastes
Risks to human health Use of authorised sites for non-hazardous
waste disposal; support and arrangements for
setting facilities for hazardous waste safe
storage
Training: $25,000 in first
year; $5,000/year in each
following year
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
22
STAGES
ECOLOGI-
CAL SOCIAL
OR ENVIRON-
MENTAL
COMPONENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Human health
Risks to health of
residents and workers and
to the environment
Training of staff on safety and human
security issues;
Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene
rules to prevent infections from wastewater
discharges and sludge residues;
Provide staff with adequate protection
uniforms and facilities;
Measures to prevent emergency situations
such as leakage of chlorine gas.
Monitoring of drinking water and wastewater
quality
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all contracts for construction and operation of the project, and should also be
including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed. Based on above measures in total around 200000 USD need to be allocated to implement main
mitigation measures.
23
Table. Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Constr
uction
stage
Air
quality
Dust, gases/aerosol
associated with
construction (toxic
gasses discharged by
construction
machineries, wind
blown construction
materials etc.)
Dust prevention by watering and other means;
Transportation of grainy or dusty materials in the
top-coated trucks;
Watering of dust sources;
Transportation of dust producing materials during
calm days (not in the windy days);
Avoid making open fires;
Avoid setting fire on residue grease, isolation
materials, and other substances;
Efficient use of machinery and other technologies;
Application of adequate construction
methodologies and facilities;
Careful implementation of works in vulnerable
areas.
Provision of water: $10,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Earth
Waste pollution,
especially wastes
caused by
construction and
domestic activities;
Material storage, civil
works and other
impacts;
Landfill of wastes
and other materials;
Impacts of excavation
works;
Possibility of erosion;
Wastewater.
Protection of the surroundings of the construction
site;
Limited works in the vulnerable zones;
Identify adequate areas to store residue materials,
and transportation of all construction related
effluent materials into the predetermined site;
Control of erosion process;
Provide earth stabilization/green cover over
vertical points and slopes to minimize land slide
risks;
Prevent discharge of excavated material to the river
beds or lakes;
Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect excavated
spoil material and discharge somewhere close to
the construction site;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest sewage
line, installation of toilets and septic tanks.
Provision of materials and cover
to prevent landslide risks:
$10,000
Traffic management signage:
$5,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
24
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Topsoil
Damage to the topsoil
resulting from
material storage,
excavation works,
temporary roads etc.
Loss of topsoil during
excavation;
Flushing of topsoil
and soil erosion due
to polluted water
streams;
Adequate design works and selection of proper
route to minimize impact on the topsoil;
Usage of excavated soil material for the agriculture
purposes;
Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible after
the completion of the construction works;
Discharge of materials to the predetermined areas
by secondary routs;
Measures against land slides
Storage of toxic materials and effluents in the safe
and predetermined areas, its provision with
drainage waters, and processing where necessary;
Standards applied, including soil erosion
prevention by good soil practice and drainage
control. Good soil conservation measures and
effective reins to prevent future erosion and soil
loss.
Proper storage of toxic
materials/effluents: $12,500
Measures against landslides
addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Water
resources
and waste
waters
Pollution of surface
and groundwater
sources due to
domestic and
construction
effluents, including
harmful residues,
leakage of fuel and
other oil related
products;
Blockage of surface
and groundwater
filtration and creation
of stagnant water
accumulations.
Avoid discharge of harmful chemical substances
into sewage lines or ground surface;
Design and operation of natural drainage and
consideration for alternative directions;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest sewage
line, installation of toilets and septic tanks.
Required standards applied, including safe
removal of wastewater during renovation works,
use of appropriate equipment by workers and
ongoing liaison with residents and fencing off
contaminated areas.
Balanced use of water sources to avoid significant
pressure on them in low flow period and also
eliminate water shortage problems for all users..
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
25
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
Connected with
project connected
with project problems
of water scarcity in
low flow periods of
the year and also
those connected with
the increase of water
supply problem for
other users which use
the same sources
Constr
uction
stage
Noise
Disturbance due to
noise generated from
construction works
and intensive traffic
Use of adequate construction materials and
equipment;
Adherence to predetermined work schedule to
minimize disturbance and implementation of noise
generating works during normal work hours;
Minimum use of noise generating equipment
(example, stone cutters, compressors);
Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use of
silencers.
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Natural
habitat
Disturbance of the
natural habitat due to
construction related
noise, dust, non-
seasonal works,
unprocessed residues
and etc.
Loss of natural
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation of
wastes;
Application of relevant construction and seasonal
work methodologies;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close to the
construction site.
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
26
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
settlement areas due
to construction
works.
Flora and
fauna
Earthworks,
operation of
machines, noise and
etc.;
Losses or
degradations during
and after construction
works, non-seasonal
works, change of
ecological situation
etc.
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation of
wastes;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close to the
construction site;
Application of seasonal work methodologies where
necessary.
Storage, processing, liquidation of
wastes addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Constr
uction
stage
Aesthetic
s and
landscape
Impact of works on
landscape and
disturbance to natural
sights, greenness and
trees;
Noise, dust, residue
and etc. during and
after construction.
Careful design and location of works;
Restoration of damaged trees, protection lines and
etc.;
Planting of greenery in the construction site,
careful implementation of works in the work sites,
and management of wastes.
Restoration/planting of greenery:
$50,000
No cost for remaining measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Agricultu
re
Damage to
agricultural lands,
including drainage
and irrigation
infrastructure.
Liaise effectively with relevant organizations and
residents before start of construction, maintain
dialogue, develop a grievance procedure, strictly
control machinery and vehicle access and reinstate
all affected areas
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Livestock
Livestock resources
damaged by
machinery and
Liaise effectively with farmers and residents
before start of construction, maintain dialogue,
develop a grievance procedure, strictly control
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
27
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
vehicles. machinery and vehicle access and reinstate all
affected areas
normal operating procedures. JSC
Health
and safety
of
residents
and
workers
Health risks from
unprocessed wastes;
Use of harmful
substances (paints
with heavy metal,
lead compositions),
asbestos- cement
slabs, inflammable
and toxic materials
etc.).
Planning of measures dealing with security and
environmental protection issues;
Adherence to project standards, good signage,
ongoing consultation with residents, including
schools. All workers to use appropriate PPE and be
trained at project induction. Safety fencing
provided.
Organization and implementation of security and
safety related trainings;
Management of materials in accordance with the
relevant ecological and sanitary-hygiene norms;
Identification of dangerous sites, proper
storage/liquidation of waste materials.
Trainings: $25,000
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures.
Construction of warehouse for
temporal stirage of hazardous
wastes: $50,000
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Areas of
historical
and
cultural
value
Damage to areas of
historical and cultural
value located in the
project area
There are no areas of historic/cultural value to be
affected by project. But if it appears relevant
measures need to be takenş
Staff awareness;
Inform adequate organizations in case of
archeological findings;
Temporary termination of works.
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Resettlem
ent
Land
acquisitio
n
Loss of property, land
and damage to living
areas of population
There no need for resettlement. For areas where lands used for agricultural crop
production relevant plans need to be prepared,
which includes provision of replacement lands or
compensation for lost access to plots of arable land
and lost fruit or nut trees.
Costs for resettlement (if any) to
be negotiated by project owner in
accordance with relevant
legislation, contractual agreement
or other documents.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Operat
ion
stage
Risks to
human
health
Quality of treated
water
Operation supervision of treatment facilities in due
accordance with the operation guidelines;
Quality control of water flows entering the system;
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
28
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
(potabl
e
water
system
s)
and
environm
ent
Avoid pollution of treated waters with the
wastewater flows;
Avoid over-chlorination of water flows supplied to
the consumers.
JSC
Breakages and
emergency situations
There is need to develop scheduled preventative
maintenance
Training of staff on safety and human security
issues;
Measures to avoid leakage of chlorine gas.
Training cost identified below
No cost for remaining measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Social-
economic
al
Reduction of treated
water quantities
Prevent illegal connections to the system;
Proper operation of the system including water
treatment, pipelines, connection lines and etc.
Ensure an affordable tariff structure and proper
collection of fees.
No cost for remaining measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedure
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Operat
ion
stage
(sewag
e and
waste
water)
Risks to
human
health
and
environm
ental
impacts
Quality of wastewater
and its impacts on
human health and
environment
Constant monitoring of wastewater flows coming
out of the wastewater treatment plant;
Discharge of wastewater into the environment only
after adequate treatment;
Training of operation staff for their qualification
raising;
Monitoring of downstream habitats to evaluate the
extent to which they return to their previously
unpolluted state.
Monitoring of downstream
environmental quality: $12,500
one time every 2 years for 20
years
No cost for remaining measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Quality of sediments
in the treatment
structures (sludge),
risks due to
agricultural
consumption of these
wastes.
Adequate processing of sludge;
Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and heavy
metals in the composition of output sludge;
Transportation of sludge in the closed containers;
Training of operation staff for their qualification
raising.
Training In application of sludge, and monitoring
of sludge application
Monitoring of sludge quality:
$10,000/year
Transportation of sludge
$10,000/year
Training cost identified below
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Smell generations in Planning and management of smell mitigation; Odour masking agents: $US
29
STAG
ES
ECOLO
GICAL
COMPO
NENT
POTENTIAL
IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
ESTIMATED COST OF
IMPACT MITIGATION
MEASURES
Responci-
bility
Monitoring
the wastewater
treatment structure;
Tight shutting of smell producing equipment and
containers.
5,000/year
No cost for remaining measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Safe
storage of
hazardous
and non-
hazardous
wastes
Risks to human
health
Use of authorised sites for non-hazardous waste
disposal; support and arrangements for setting
facilities for hazardous waste safe storage
Training: $25,000 in first year;
$5,000/year in each following
year
No cost for identified measures
provided they are integrated into
normal operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Human
health
Risks to health of
residents and workers
and to the
environment
Training of staff on safety and human security
issues;
Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene rules to
prevent infections from wastewater discharges and
sludge residues;
Provide staff with adequate protection uniforms
and facilities;
Measures to prevent emergency situations such as
leakage of chlorine gas.
Monitoring of drinking water and wastewater
quality
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration
JSC
Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all contracts for construction and operation of the project, and should also be
including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed.
In total around 200000 USD need to be allocated to implement main mitigation measures.
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11. MONITORING
Conducting monitoring is the major strategic tool in environmental management and the extent of project
monitoring will be dependent on the nature, scale and potential impact of the project activities. Monitoring
may require the services of environmental specialists or a company with laboratory and analytical facilities
(for complex environmental problems) or inspection by the local government environmental officers.
The Main elements of the environmental monitoring plan in the construction phase are the dust, noise, solid
waste, waste water and soil monitoring. In the operations utilization phase monitoring of water volume in
water sources and water storages, microbiological and chemical composition of water distributed to people,
comparison to water standards, pollution level of sewage, waste waters after treatment/purification,
depositions settled in water cleaning plants, cleaned/treated sewage in the place where it joins to sewage
collector and soil where depositions generated in water cleaning plants will be used as fertilizers.
Monitoring of all activities during construction period will be under the responsibility of the Contractor,
performance of which will be controlled by the Amelioration JSC or supervisor appointed by JSC. The
Contractor will prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) that addresses all aspects of the EMP
identifies above, and will establish a team for the monitoring activities. The Contractor will be responsible
for the compliance of the constructions with the national norms and standards. Monitoring of construction
activities will have to ensure that mitigation measures of construction impacts are being implemented
properly. Contractor’s Environmental Team will be subject to the government inspections from time to time.
An individual auditing company may also inspect the Contractor on a long-term basis, such as every 3
months or 6 months.
Monitoring responsibility of operation activities will be under the operator for the WWTP and under the
local authorities for the network systems. Performance of monitoring activities will be controlled by the
Amelioration JSC or supervisor appointed by JSC. Necessary and planned measurements should be realized
in WWTP in order to certify of fulfillment to discharge criteria. Again WWTP operator will be subject to the
government inspections from time to time.
Regular reports on implementation of monitoring plan will be submitted to Contractor .
A training and equipment package is included in the project. As key agency responsible for implementation
for SNWSSP the Amelioration and Water Farm JSC will need to have adequate capacity for control of
realization of EMP.
Although the Department on Control of Protection and Use of Water Resources have been trained by ADP
Flood mitigation project and other programs, there is still need for required knowledge on Environment
Management issues during the construction and operation.
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In order to increase capacity of Environmental specialist at PIU and also for local SuKanal relevant training
is planned to be organized within the project. Staff will be trained in Environmental management during the
construction and also in operation phase, in the necessary aspects for effective operation of the water and
sanitation service to minimize impact to the environment. The training requirements and training modules
are currently being developed in discussions between the World Bank and Amelioration JSC and AZERSU.
Amelioration JSC PİU will also need to have relevant trained staff to supervise the construction
process and monitor implementation of EMP.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Azerbaijan Second National Water Supply and Sanitation (SNWSS2) Project is financed by the
Government of Azerbaijan and World Bank. The employer for the project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and
Water Farm Open Joint Stock Company (OJSC) .
Gauff and Temelsu JV is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and Wastewater
Investments in 16 Rayons, of which one is Shabran Rayon. Eptisa (Spain) in association with
Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to prepare the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to assess the environmental and social impacts of project and to
identify the mitigation measures both during construction and post development. This EIA study provides
recommendations on mitigation measures and proposes an environmental management and monitoring plan.
1.1 Context of the EIA
This report presents an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project in Shabran. The EIA
identifies potential impacts on the natural environment and the social situation in Shabran region during
construction and operation of the project. Where potential adverse effects are predicted, mitigation has been
developed and its implementation is presented in an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and
Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP).
This project has been identified as a Category A project in the World Bank classification for EIA
(OP/BP4.01). This requires an EIA report and an Environmental Management Plan. Moreover, public
consultations are required to discuss the project and the proposed environmental management plan.
A detailed description of the project is presented below in section 3
There are following definitions used in this report:
Definition of environmental aspects: The International Standard Organisation’s standard for
Environmental Management Systems (EMS), ISO 14001 defines an environmental aspect as: “An
element of a......, product or service that can interact with the environment.”
Definition of impacts: ISO 14001 defines an environmental impact as: “Any change to the
environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organisation’s
activities, products or services.” This definition will be used in the identification of the proposed
project’s environmental impacts. An environmental or socio-economic impact may result from any
of the identified project aspects; that is, activity-receptor interaction. The potential for an
environmental or socio-economic impact exists where an environmental or socio-economic aspect
has been identified; that is, where a project activity has been determined to have the potential to
interact with the biophysical environment or with the socio-economic context of the community..
Impacts can be either negative or positive. The primary objectives of the impact assessment are to:
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establish the significance of identified potential impacts that may occur as a result of a project
activity being undertaken, and differentiate between those impacts that are insignificant (i.e. can be
sustained by natural systems) and those that are significant (i.e. cannot be sustained by natural
systems). Significant potential impacts would require alternative and/or additional mitigation
measures above and beyond those already incorporated in the base design for the project/activity.
Scoping was conducted early in the EIA process so that a focus on the priority issues (i.e. those that have the
greatest potential to affect the natural and/or socio-economic environment) can be established for the rest of
the EIA process. Scoping also helped identify gaps in the environmental, socio-economic and engineering
information that need to be addressed so that an informed impact assessment can be completed.
The potential beneficial and adverse effects were identified based on literature review, onsite data collection
and surveying, intensive investigations by individual experts through field surveys and site specific
investigations.
The following categories of impacts were considered in the EIA:
1. Natural Plant and their habitat impacts were investigated using available technical reports and
through field survey.
2. Natural Animal, birds and their habitat were investigated using available technical reports and
through field survey.
3. Surface and groundwater data were obtained from available reports and were used to map
surface and groundwater existence. Later these data were used to assess the hydrogeology and
surface water catchments.
4. 4)Agricultural impacts were investigated by looking at the agricultural values, gathering crop
and soil types, and through field survey.
5. Air quality impacts were based on generalized regional level data combined with growth
forecasts. In addition, acoustic impacts (noise and vibration) were investigated.
6. Socio-economic impacts (living and employment conditions) were investigated using available
data and the data of the of State Statistical Committee.
7. Municipal services and utilities impacts (water supply, sewerage system, solid waste collection
and disposal, electricity, telecommunication, etc.) were investigated using existing information
and the Region Master Plan. Site visits enhanced these investigations.
8. Health and safety measures have been investigated and identified as being in accordance with
the national requirements and international Safety Guidelines
9. Further impacts and assessments were investigated through field survey and site visits.
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1.2. Purpose of the EIA
In accordance with the Environmental Assessment requirements of the World Bank and the Environmental
legislation of the Azerbaijan Republic, an EIA process is required in support of the proposed project.
The objectives and rationale of the assignment are, in general, clearly stated in the Terms of Reference
(ToR).
The aim of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to ensure that any adverse environmental or
socio-economic impacts arising from proposed project activities in each individual rayon are identified and
where possible eliminated or minimized through early recognition of and response to the issues.
The purpose of the assignment is to help the Client to:
Ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the project planning and design
activities
Ensure that a high standard of environmental performance is planned and achieved for the
project
Ensure that environmental and socio-economic aspects and impacts are identified, quantified
where appropriate, and assessed and mitigation measures proposed
Ensure that legal and policy requirements and expectations are addressed
Consult with all of the project stakeholders and address their concerns; and
Demonstrate that the project will be implemented with due regard to environmental and social
considerations in mind
The purpose of this EIA study is to identify the direct and indirect impacts that the development of WSS will
have on the natural resources, ecosystem, and the socioeconomic dimensions of the communities and
populations. Accordingly, mitigation measures will be proposed and an
environmental management and monitoring plan will be prepared to address the identified impacts and the
corresponding mitigation measures.
The EIA document is intended to provide the decision makers and international donors with an
understanding of the impacts of developing WSS, in order for them to make an informed decision. The
assessment includes suggested efforts to avoid or minimize the adverse effects and methods to enhance the
positive effects.
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1.3. Methodology
In the course of the assignment potential impacts of all stages of the project from pre-construction, through
construction and installation to operation in each rayon are evaluated against applicable environmental
standards, regulations and guidelines, the existing environmental conditions, and issues and concerns raised
by all project stakeholders. Evaluation of the implementation and effectiveness, of existing and planned
environmental controls and monitoring and mitigation are considered.
The EIA process constitutes a systematic approach to the evaluation of a project in the specific context of the
natural, regulatory and socioeconomic environments of the project area in which development is proposed.
The assessment process incorporates the following key stages:
Project stakeholder consultation is a vital component of the EIA process. The consultation process is focused
on, seeking comment on key issues and concerns, sourcing accurate information, identifying potential
impacts and offering the opportunity for alternatives or objections to be raised by the potentially affected
parties; non-governmental organizations, members of the public and other stakeholders. Consultation helps
to develop a sense of stakeholder ownership of the project and the realization that their concerns are taken
seriously, that the issues they raise, if relevant, will be addressed in the EIA process. Consultation with all
project stakeholders in 4 rayons started during the Scoping stage and continued throughout the EIA process.
All relevant stakeholders have been identified using the most recent and accurate information available and
the consultation results including:
o - a list of stakeholders consulted in each rayon; and
o - a summary of the issues and concerns raised.
From the environmental and social point of view the above definition of the environment and potential
project impact is used in the identification of the proposed project’s environmental, legal and socio-economic
aspects.
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2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
2.1 Policy Framework
EIA in Azerbaijan
During its years of independence, Azerbaijan has steadily improved its system of environmental protection. The
policy, legal and institutional framework that it inherited from the former Soviet Union was not designed to
operate within a market economy, and insufficient attention had been given to issues of efficiency and
environmental protection.
Much progress has now been made, particularly in updating the environmental legal framework, although further
improvements are still needed, including in environmental impact assessment. The Ministry of Ecology and
Natural Resources was established in 2000 and other institutional reform is being undertaken.
The ecological strategy of the country is aimed at preservation of natural resources at national, regional and
international spheres; application of scientifically substantiated development principles; and sustainable use of
economic and human resources of the country that would meet interests of existing and future generations
through enhanced coordination of activities in the area of protection of the environment. As a manifestation of
environmental polices in the Republic of Azerbaijan, it should be noted that it is oriented to the development of
a relevant legislative basis in accordance with European standards, improvement of state environmental
management system, and gradual realization of priority projects through broadened ties with international
organizations.
In Azerbaijan, EIA is applied under the State ecological expertise (SEE) procedure.
In the EIA process the main objects are projects of state importance which cover the various
spheres of industry and agriculture.
In 1996 the Government of Azerbaijan adopted the procedure of EIA process, which compliancy with
systems used in most countries. The new rules are described in Regulations on carrying out of
Environment Impact Assessment in Azerbaijan Republic (UNDP / State Ecology Committee,
1996). These Regulations state, that “Activities on assessment of impacts of wastes to
environment should begin in the stage of planning of the project”.
The process of Environmental Impacts Assessment is one of means regulating protection of
environment, efficient use if nature and effectiveness of economic development.
This existing normative, legal basis of the Azerbaijan Republic broadly uses the notion of
EIA The main aim of the EIA process is: Recovery of natural systems violated due to previous
37
economic activity; prevention of degradation of environment; ecological – economical balancing of future
economic development; creation of favorable living conditions for peoples; decrease of level of ecological
hazard of envisaged activity.
This document was made up before decisions on fulfillment of any of projects.
The EIA document is a document which determines the character of all potential forms and level of danger
of impacts to the environment caused by an economic or other activity that is proposed to be carried out. The
EIA is document evaluates results of fulfillment of the project from ecological, social and economical view
of point.
State Expertise Board of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is authorized state organ
for EIA process.
For concrete projects the EIA process begins from planning and feasibility study and its realization. The
Applicant (the project proponent, nature user) is responsible for content and final version of EIA document
submitted to Ministry of Ecology. The Applicant bear the responsibility for fulfillment of conditions shown
in the given permission and also for carrying out of monitoring of the project.
There are 2 steps:
First: The originator (applicant) of the activity submits application to Ministry of
Ecology and informs about major project decisions and possible results of negative Impacts to
Environment.
Ministry of Ecology after consideration of the Application informs the Applicant about
necessity of carrying out of EIA and scale of this activity. In rare cases, after consideration of
application, the permission for carrying out of work may be given immediately (Article 2.5).
Second: The documents (on EIA) prepared by the Applicant are considered by the
Group of Experts and Summary is made. The summary also includes proposals and critics of
community.
On the basis of the summary, the Ministry of Ecology may give permission for work or refuse
to permit to activity, explaining reasons for rejection. The Ministry of Ecology determines 3
months maximal period for consideration of EIA documents.
Enforcement and compliance are the responsibility of the general inspection system. EIA process is
described in below figure(See figure 2.1).
38
39
The Republic of Azerbaijan pursuing a policy of integration to the World Community and in recent years
has signed and ratified scores of International and bilateral conventions, treaties and
agreements, including 15 Conventions related to environment.
Each law of Republic of Azerbaijan includes a special chapter or article stating that if International
Agreements provide rules which differ from existing relevant rules of Azerbaijan Legislation, the rules of
international documents should prevail.
.
The World Bank Safeguards Policy
The World Bank requires an environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank financing to help
ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus improve decision making (OP 4.01,
January 1999). The EA that is required by the Bank is in effect the same document as the EIA that is
required under Azerbaijan legislation.
EA evaluates the potential ecological risks of a project and its impact to the territories covered by the
project; analyzes alternatives of the project; determines ways for development of choice, location, planning,
design and execution of the project, by taking measures on mitigation, compensation and bringing to
minimum of harmful ecological impacts and strengthening its positive impacts to the environment. The Bank
prefers preventive measures, if any, to mitigation or compensation measures.
The EA takes into account the environment (air, water and land); humans health and safety; social aspects
(obligatory resettlement, residents and cultural heritage property); and trans - boundary and global
environmental aspects. At the same time it takes into account all changes taking place in the project and
country; results of ecological studies held in the country, plans of local ecological measures; common
political framework of the country, local legislation and institutional possibilities on ecological and social
aspects; obligations of the country on international Agreements and Treaties concerning the projects
activities.
The Bank doesn't fund the project activities which are contrary to such country's
obligations as it would be determined during the EA.
* Key considerations to be taken into account during the EA process include:
Generic initial screening to determine appropriate environmental assessment;
Compliance with existing environmental regulations in Azerbaijan;
Linkages with socio-economic assessment, or inclusion of socio-economic assessment within the
scope of the EA;
Analysis of alternatives;
Public participation and consultation with affected people and organizations; and
Disclosure of information.
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The Bank undertakes environmental screening of each proposed project to determine the appropriate extent
and type of EIA. The Bank classifies the proposed project into one of four categories, depending on the type,
location, sensitivity and scale of the project and the nature
and magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. The four Categories are A, B, C, and Fl.
Whilst the objectives of the project include provision of a safe, reliable, potable water supply and vastly
improved treatment of wastewater, the extent and nature of the works required result in it being classified as
Category A, for which an EIA and EMP are required. This category of project may have significant adverse
environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area
broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works, can cause serious and irrevocable impact upon
the environment or human health. The EIA for a Category A project examines the project’s potential
negative and positive environmental impacts, compares them with those of feasible alternatives (including
the "without project" scenario), and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or
compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance for a Category A project.
2.2 Legal Framework
Environmental protection in Azerbaijan is governed by the Law on Environment Protection (1999). The Law
establishes the main environmental protection principles, and the rights and obligations of the State, public
associations and citizens regarding environmental protection.
It establishes the requirements for the preparation of environmental impact assessments, environmental
quality standards, and requirements for permitting the activities that affect the environment, prevention and
reduction of environmental pollution, environmental monitoring and control, the role of the public and
sanctions imposed on law violators.
Other laws governing specific issues such as sanitary-epidemiological welfare, land reform, energy, health,
ater, forests, cadastre and land use, industrial and domestic wastes, ecological safety, water supply and
astewater, atmospheric protection and specially protected areas have been adopted since 1992.
The questions related to protection of environment and regulation of use of nature are regulated through the
with following Laws of relevant legislation of Azerbaijan Republic: Water Code(1997), Land Code (1999),
Forest Code (1997), On Entrails (1998), On Protection of Flora(1996), On Fauna (1999), On Obligatory
Insurance (2002), On radioactive Wastes (1994),On Industrial and Household wastes (1998), On
Radioactive safety of population (1997), On Sanitary - Epidemiological Safety (1992), On Melioration and
Irrigation (1996), On Water Supply and Waste Water(1999), On Safety of Hydrotechnical Plants (2002), On
State land cadastre, monitoring of lands and structure of earth (1998), On Pesticides and agrochemical
substances (1997), On protection of the Soil fertility (1999), On specially protected nature
areas and objects (2000).
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In addition, a large number (some 75+) of Decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers have been issued to help
interpret the body of environmental legislation and related Presidential Degrees and Orders.
Republican criminal legislation and legislation on administrative faults includes some measures directed to
protection of environment and efficient use of nature.
The relevant legislation in force includes some laws regulating activity of natural persons and legal entities
in the various spheres of use of natural resources (underground resources, water ad land resources, forests,
fishes, etc.).
The International Agreements and Conventions signed by Azerbaijan are an inseparable part of the
legislation system of the country.
Principles of rational water use, its state registration, settlement of water disputes and responsibility for
violation of water legislation are described in the following below legal documents:
Laws of Azerbaijan Republic on Water Supply and Wastewater (Decree of President of Azerbaijan
Republic dated January 26, 2000);
Water Code of Azerbaijan Republic (Decree of President of Azerbaijan Republic dated December
26, 1997);
RESOLUTION No 206 on approval of some rules regarding water legislation of Azerbaijan
Republic (Cabinet of Ministers, October 15, 1998);
RESOLUTION No 195 on approval of Rules on implementation of state control over consumption
and preservation of water objects (Cabinet of Ministers, September 25, 1998);
RESOLUTION No 197 on approval of Rules on identification of construction sites of enterprises,
structures, and other objects to be constructed, agreement of its work drawings, its state expertise
and commissioning. (Cabinet of Ministers, September 28, 1998);
Resolution No 7 on approval of state water registration rules, (Cabinet of Ministers, January 17,
2000).;
2.3 Administrative Framework
In Azerbaijan the following organizations are engaged in questions of water resources
management:
The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources;
Amelioration and Water Farm JSC
Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene
Azersu JSC
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The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is responsible for safety and protection from pollution of
water resources. The Ministry carries out the state account of water resources and supervises their quality by
carrying out of stationary hydrometric, hydro-geological and hydro-chemical supervision, make water
balances and forecasts of elements of a water regime, estimates reserves of ground waters, prosecutes with
the questions of rational use and reproduction of water resources. Establishes and approves norms of
maximum permissible limits of run-off waters and carry out their control by means of regional offices.
The Expertise Department of the Ministry conducts State ecological examination of new projects on water
distribution, water use, new structures, other works executed in this area and gives its opinion on realization
or non realization of projects and works.
Department of Environmental Policy and Environmental Protection defines the basic directions of a policy
on maintenance of safety and protection of water resources from pollution.
Department of Environmental Protection coordinates activity on monitoring and implementing of nature
protection statutory acts, on conditions of water resources checks a level of conformity of influence of
planned activity to working statutory acts and applies sanctions.
The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is the responsible authority for state of environment It
determines whether a project requires no EIA at all or a full EIA or anything in between. The regional
departments of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources receive applications and ensure that adequate
information has been provided.
Amelioration and Water Farm Joint Stock Company is responsible for complex use of water resources,
studies requirements for water resources, develops plans and norms of water use, maintains irrigating
systems, together between various branches of economy, establishes a payment for water use and together
with other departments and the organizations are busy with the questions on management of water resources
of trans-boundary rivers.
Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene is responsible for drawing up of
standards and realization of monitoring of drinking water quality. In the areas there are corresponding
divisions of the ministry for realization of monitoring, quality assurance of waters, etc.
Azersu Joint Stock Company. Till July 11, 2004 with questions of water supply of the cities Baku and
Sumgait was engaged Absheron Joint-stock Water Society. In July, 2004 service on water supply and run-off
waters of other regions of the country was also transferred to it (earlier the State Committee on Architecture
and Construction was engaged in it) and Joint-stock company Azersu was established. The basic function of
Azersu is operation and rehabilitation of systems of water supply and sanitation.
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Joint-stock company Azersu has established different tariffs for use of water by populations, by budgetary
organizations and in the industry. In connection with economic problems, for the population lower tariffs are
established. The collecting of means makes 80 %. Water-measuring devices are few. The collected means do
not pay expenses.
The administrative structure of water supply and sanitation system comprises four levels, with the Cabinet of
Ministers at the top; AZERSU joint Stock Company; “Joint SuKanal” Limited Liability Company (LLC)
responsible for water supply and sanitation (WSS) in small towns and rural settlements; and finally local
SuKanals at the bottom which report directly to Joint SuKanal.
AZERSU is a financially independent body which receives no subsidy from senior bodies. Its main revenues
are from water fees it receives from consumers.
The Non Governmental organizations (NGOs) in Azerbaijan carry out projects on informing the public on
existing problems in the water sector, explain legal aspects of questions on protection of water resources by
edition of bulletins and booklets, speak to the press/media and carry out of training. Since they lack their
own resources, NGO’s carry out their activities within the framework of projects and grants. Frequently
these projects are directed on increasing of knowledge of the population.
CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
In Azerbaijan, engineering survey, design and construction standards and regulations are governed by the
State Construction Committee. Rules of conducting supervision and control procedures by the State
Construction Committee (in several areas regarding to safety of construction by the recently established
Ministry of Emergencies) had been approved by the Cabinet of Ministers in 2003. Subject to the State
Construction Committee regulations all construction operations are to be carried out with due regard to the
environmental requirements. Following the existing construction rules, construction or renovation works are
to be carried out on the basis of the approved project (design) documents only.
The State Construction Committee issues special licenses to conduct engineering survey and design
operations (no license is required for construction operations).
The project design documents include descriptions of proposed construction and related activities together
with applications for permits from relevant authorities for geological studies of soil characteristics, fire
safety, public health, utilities (gas, water, electricity, telecommunication) and environmental assessment. The
relevant authorities conduct inspections during construction to monitor compliance with the permits, and
may issue significant fines if violations are found.
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LAND AVAILABILITY
Land acquisition and resettlement that might be required under this project will be governed by a
Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) that has been developed and approved by the Amelioration JSC and
is acceptable to the World Bank.
A RPF was developed in 2007 to cover the first Water Supply and Sanitation Project as a whole, as part of
Bank screening procedures. The RPF concludes that there should be no justification for moving PAPs
dwellings or other fixed assets and that the majority of cases will involve land used for arable or livestock
grazing.
The procedure envisioned by the RPF involves the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) determining the legal
status of affected lands and then determining the compensation mechanism, taking into account that users
may not actually have legal tenure or permissions to use the affected land. The final step involves agreement
and payment of compensation to PAPs at the stage of detailed design and before construction commences.
The compensation could take several forms, involving land swap or monetary payment and should be
determined and undertaken in accordance with the provisions of the RPF..
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3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Problem Statement
Shabran is located in the north-east of the Great Caucasus. In the east it is bounded by the Caspian Sea. Total
area is 1088 sq km. The rayon comprises 68 villages. There are 21,400 people living in Shabran town, the
administrative center of the rayon.
The climate of the rayon is mild-hot and semi-arid. The average annual amount of precipitation is 400-600
mm. The main rivers are Gilgilchay and Atachay. Valvalachay flows on the north border of the rayon. The
rivers water is used for irrigation.
The main industry in the rayon is oil. There are gas refining enterprise, carpet factory and a winery. The
agricultural economy mainly comprises vine-growing, vegetable-growing and grain-growing.
There are no water sources in Shabran or in the nearby area. The population of the rayon and the some nearby
villages is supplied from Baku Water Pipe I and II. No meters are present at key water collection points.
Water is supplied by gravity and pumped to the distribution network.
This line Baku İ takes ground and spring waters from Shollar village area(Near Khudat city) to Baku for a
distance of 180-200 km. Amount of water taken from the source makes approx. 1.25- 1.27 m3/s and as
result of water intake by residential areas on its way the amount of water reduces for around 25% and
makes up 1 m3/s near Baku.
Baku II water pipeline is constructed in 1956 and takes ground waters of 2.65cub.m/s) capacity to Baku
from around Khachmaz region
Overall, the drinking water service in the rayon of the Shabran is characterized as unsound and unable to
satisfactorily fulfill the basic utility mandate of community service. The consumed water is disinfected
inconsistently. The service area of the “urban centre” water supply system, the focus of this evaluation,
encompasses about 14,400 person or 67.3 percent of the town of Shabran.
Existing water resources would meet current demand with proper design, maintenance and management of
the pipe network (to reduce leakages, maintain pressure levels and control customer usage). However, these
resources are squandered. Laboratory water tests made during the project preparation shows compliance
with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water”, except for bacteriological standards.
The town water system has water reservoirs with the total capacity of 1,500 m3, which need rehabilitation.
The distribution system has functioned since 1970. The network consists of 10.5 km main and 65.5 km
secondary steel pipes. The leakages are calculated to 50 % of the water balance. Waters supply is constrained
to 8 hours a day. 350 water meters are installed. Below is given scheme of existing WS system taken from
FS document.
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Figure 3.1 Existing WS system in Shabran
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Wastewater is mainly collected in simple wells (shambo) owned by consumers. Untreated wastewater is
collected via canals and underground drainage to non-official area(Figure 3.2).
Figure 3. 2. Place of joining of existing open sewage canal with collector leading to Caspian Sea
In the proposed system, water will only be extracted from the IInd
Baku Water Transmission Line.
No part of the rayon is served by an official community sewerage system. The primary sources of
wastewater are the residential and commercial population.
According to health statistics of Shabran Rayon between 2000 and 2009, the most common water borne
disease is viral hepatitis. Its occurrence averages is app. 5.8 in a year. Acute intestinal infections, dysentery
and salmonellas follow viral hepatitis with 3.9, 1.4 and 0.5 occurrences in a year respectively. Water source
diseases are thought to be decreased in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the rayon.
The following problems exist:
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General
Depletion of existing WSS assets due to lack of sustainable investments and insufficient capacities for
Operation and Maintenance (O&M)
Little appreciation of public infrastructure sector and its organizations due to bad quality and service –
consumers implement their individual solutions without a general concept
Provisional solutions become permanent solutions – mostly in consequence of damages and due to the
limited budgets
Low awareness of hygienic interrelations of water supply, wastewater disposal and livestock farming
cause high rates of water borne diseases
Major WSS supply lines and other facilities often affected by landslides and earthquakes
Water Supply
Lack of mechanism for application of legislation to water withdrawal from Water Transmission
Pipelines,
No sound legal protection of future investments
Limited number and capacity of water supply pumps and reservoirs – no extension according to
growth of population and industry
Damages caused by great age, low material quality and insufficient installation depth of pipes lead to
high losses within the water distribution network
Interrupted water supply and temporarily empty pipes cause bad water quality at house connections
(bacteria, sediments, rust etc.)
Hygienic problems by private water storage tanks
New water supply lines/areas were implemented on the standards of the old systems i.e. regular steel
pipes and manually operated pumps and valves
Manual operation of the water distribution system – no automation and control
Preference of gravity flow systems and bad reputation of pumps – as high manual effort and energy
cost necessary to operate the existing old pumps.
Wastewater
Wastewater collection, treatment and discharge is considered to be of minor importance compared to
water supply facilities – low priority and nearly no investments since 1990
Damages of existing sewers results in irregular wastewater flows at the surface
Too few shafts causing very limited access to existing sewer network
No equipment for maintenance and repair – no chance for troubleshooting
Sewerage disposal in unlined pits leads to pollution of ground and surface water – as private wells are
also used for water supply this constitutes a serious health risk
Sludge disposal from pits and septic tanks is done illegally outside the municipal area
49
Socio-Economic Situation
Low connection rate (50-70%) to public water supply network – many people are used to living with
little water as they must carry it for a longer distance or buy it from tank trucks
Bathrooms not common in the Rayon towns – improvement requires modification or extension of the
houses and will depend on economic possibilities of the owners
Toilets mostly outdoor using open pits without flushing – future connection to a new sewer system
will depend on personal interest and require private investments
Popular cohabitation with livestock within the urban settlement without sufficient disposal of
excrements
Institutional Situation
Low level of support for Local Sukanal (water agency) Departments by central organizations and
institutions, and very limited provision of know how, equipment, vehicles etc. from central
departments.
Institutional complexity and dependency on central organizations and institutions inhibits solutions
and investments on Rayon level
National Water Supply Tariffs are not cost-effective to cover necessary investments – for better water
quality and 24hour supply the majority of consumers need to agree to higher rates. The current tariff
rates apply to a normative demand which is much higher than actual.
Value and qualification of Rayon Sukanal staff are affected by the need of manual handling and
trouble shooting. They are not in line with future O&M requirements.
Skepticism of villages concerning incorporation by the cities and/or integration by larger WSS
organizations – disadvantages due to limited independency and priority of the city.
The management structure and skills of Sukanals are poorly aligned for operating as a service
industry.
There is an immediate need to address these issues through development and implementation of an efficient
and effective WSS system that is affordable to local communities and which meets the needs of the range of
stakeholders that it must serve.
3.2. Project description
The Government of Azerbaijan planned the implementation of National Water Supply and Sanitation Project
with the financial assistance of World Bank since 2007. The second phase of the same project has been
approved on date 27 May 2008 as Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (SNWSSP). The
implementing agency of this second phase project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management
Company AWMC.
50
The general objective of this Project is to improve the availability, quality, reliability, and sustainability of
water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in 16 of Azerbaijan's regional (rayon) centers. Better
infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities shall be implemented to improve living conditions,
reduce poverty and support local economic growth.
Gauff and Temelsu JV is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and Wastewater
Investments in 16 Rayons, one of which is Shabran Rayon. The contract for this work entered into force on
16th March 2010 with a Mobilization Period: 30 days. Official Project Commencement date is the 5th of
April 2010 and scheduled completion date is 5th of April 2011. The project is intended to provide better
infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities in order to improve living conditions, reduce
poverty and support local economic growth.
The Feasibility Study was conducted by the Shabran water project in 2010. In the project documentation it is
indicated that the primary objective of the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban
communities through the provision of safe, potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.
The Project contains 3 components:
A1: Rayon Investment component, which will finance priority investments in the WSS sector, such as
the rehabilitation and extension of WSS systems, including facilities for wastewater and septic sludge
treatment in rayon centers across Azerbaijan;
B1: Institutional Modernization component which will support development and implementation of an
Institutional Development Plan (IDP) for Azersu and its subsidiary companies and State Amelioration
and Water Management Agency (SAWMA), to improve the operational efficiency and sustainability
of WSS services;
C1: Project Implementation and Management component, which will support project implementation
by financing project management activities including Incremental Operating Costs due to the project,
training, and annual audits of the project and entity accounts and financial statements.
The November 2003 Presidential Decree No: 3 requires the Cabinet of Ministers to undertake measures for
elimination of socio economic problems and to apply the norms of the European Social Charter. The
proposed WSS project falls squarely within the scope of the Decree. The national WSS norms state that
water supply to the population shall be 24 hour coverage of potable quality and delivered to the consumer at
the appropriate pressure. These norms accord with the European Social Charter.
The Government’s sector policies, strategy and development are based on a National WSS Strategy (2000),
which recommended the setting up of ‘Autonomous Commercially-Run Utilities, under the Regulatory
Control of Local Government. In secondary towns, these utilities, known as SuKanals (Secondary towns
water supply agency, prefixed by town name to designate the local branch – Shabran SuKanal refers to the
agency in the town of Shabran), were to be transformed into financially self-sufficient institutions eventually
be able to attract the private sector to participate in their operation and management. This was followed by a
51
Presidential Decree No. 893 of March 2002, which further set out the sector development approach. This
Decree promotes private section participation, an improved tariff system, metering of water supply and
revision of the accounting systems.
As Part of the Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (WSS) within the A1 project
component, consulting services are required to study the existing conditions and to identify feasible water
supply and wastewater investments in 16 Rayons, including Shabran. Gauff and Temelsu JV has assessed the
technical feasibility of proposed project measures and financial feasibility for each area based on cost
estimations of proposed measures. In the project documentation it is indicated that the primary objective of
the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities through the provision of safe,
potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.
The following indicators will be followed:
Secure supply with potable water meeting World Health Organization (WHO) and/or national quality
standards
Continuous water supply for 24 hours per day
Supply of each user with sufficient water for domestic needs
Water distribution system workable under operational pressures with low leakage rates
Safe collection and treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater and reduction of aquifer pollution
Compliance of water supply facilities, sewer system and wastewater treatment plant with international
and/or Azeri standards.
Affordable water supply and sanitation prices for consumers and within determined service tariffs
Minimum use of natural resources to keep the impact of WSS measures on the environment at
minimum level during implementation and maintenance.
The secondary objective is to implement an Action Plan that will upgrade and improve the sustainability in
the Rayon centers.
The Project aims to achieve its objectives through:
Implementation of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure by
rehabilitation of existing facilities and construction of new ones where this is necessary.
Determine the operational bottlenecks of the water and sanitation system and develop project
proposals to improve efficiency
Strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain these services
Developing a sense of local ownership through community participation
The water source for the proposed project in Shabran rayon is the İİ Baku Water Transmission Line. As
indicated above, laboratory water tests, except bacteriological, taken during the project preparation shows
compliance with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water”.
52
The designed water demand for Shabran has been determined by the Feasibility Study as 61.10l/s, which
includes 58.54 l/s for domestic purposes of 27400 person(180 l./c/.d), 0.65 l/s for agricultural purposes and
1.91 l/s for industrial / commercial purposes.
The research of Geology Institute of National Academy of Science indicates that during last 80 year period
no qualitative and quantitative changes have been observed in the source of water of Baku I and II pipelines
for the last 80 years.
The total capacity of both Baku water supply lines is 2500 l/s which is 40 times higher than proposed 61.10
l/s water abstraction amount for Shabran. This demonstrates the sustainability of the use of this water source.
Also, this means that sustainable water supply will be provided for all users by this water source.
In the proposed water supply system there would be 2 pumping stations and 4 reservoirs. 3 of the reservoirs
are service reservoirs with 1,000 m3, 1,500 m
3 and 800 m
3 capacities. The fourth reservoir is a collection
reservoir with 50 m3 capacity near Pumping Station 1. PS1 feeds the reservoir with 1,500 m
3 capacity, while
PS2 feeds the reservoir with 800 m3 capacity.
Reservoirs are located in areas belonging to SuKanal where no residential areas or agricultural lands are
located (Figure 3.3)
Figure 3.3. Proposed place of location of reservoir 1
The water supply pipes will be renewed with PE pipes within the scope of the Project and water will be
supplied 24 hours per day.
53
Main WSS lines will pass aside the street where the existing system is located(Figure 3.4)
Figure 3.4 Street of Shabran city where water supply and waste water pipes will be passed
Within the scope of the Project, polyethylene corrugated pipes will be laid to create a wastewater network
and a new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the
town center. The land required for the WWTP belongs to the Municipality.
General characteristics of the WTTP are as below:
General characteristics of the WTTP are as below:
Population Equivalent: 27,400 person (2030)
Daily Flow: 4,963 m3/d
Dry Weather Peak Flow: 100.07 l/s
Rainy Weather Peak Flow: 141.73 l/s
The extended aeration process with sludge drying beds is selected by the Consultant as project proposal
for the treatment of wastewater of Shabram.
The WWTP will consist of the following main components:
54
Inlet Pumping Station
Due to topographic properties, the study area is relative flat, an inlet pumping station has to be erected to
ensure that the water flows through the WWTP by gravity. The inlet sewer ends in the pump sump. The inlet
pumps convey the wastewater to the screen channel which has the highest water level of the WWTP.
For the inlet pumping station centrifugal pumps have been chosen because of their relative little space
demand and robustness. Two duty pumps with capacity of 75 l/s and one standby pump with same capacity
will be installed in the screen building (dry installation). Steering of the pumps will be accomplished by
means of fixed level set points installed in the pump sump. Here the water level will be measured
continuously. In case that the water level is exceeding a first pre-set level the first pump will start operation.
In case the water level is still increasing and reaching the second pre-set level, the second pump will
additionally start operation. The capacity of both pumps is sufficient to cope with the maximum flow led to
the WWTP by the sewerage network during wet weather flow. In case the water led to the WWTP by the
sewerage system during wet weather is exceeding the maximum pump capacity, an overflow in the pump
sump will discharge the excess water into a bypass pipe leading to the outlet of the WWTP.
Faecal Sludge Acceptance Station
Faecal sludge from houses not connected to the new public sewerage system (especially in the first years)
will be brought by suction trucks to the WWTP. The pipe of the truck will be connected to a faecal sludge
acceptance station which consists of a fine screen with 6 mm bar spacing. The screenings will be pressed and
disposed in a container, the sludge flows into a buffer tank. The faecal sludge acceptance station has a
capacity of 100 m³/h. That means that a truck with 10 m³ load can be emptied within approx. 6 minutes.
After the screen the sludge will flow into a buffer tank which offers sufficient space (40 m³) to empty the
tank during 7 h/d at night time by means of submersible feeding pumps (one duty and one standby pump)
with a capacity of 2 l/s each. The sludge will be pumped into the screen channel behind the screen. The
buffer tank which will be built next to the inlet pump sump will be covered with a concrete slab in order to
avoid odor and nuisance. Pipes for ventilation will be led over the roof of the screen building.
Screen
One compact screen consisting of an automatic screen with integrated washpress and screenings conveyor
is envisaged. For a WWTP of this size two screens are deemed to be uneconomic. For emergency cases a by-
pass channel will be built. The fine screen and the screenings container will be installed in a screen building.
The wastewater will flow through the fine screen with 6 mm bar spacing to withdraw the coarse and fine
materials for saving the following plant components. The clearance of the screen is carried out automatically
in case the water level difference before and behind the screen exceeds a pre-installed value. The screenings
will be washed, pressed and conveyed to a container. The integrated press will reduce the screenings volume
to approximately 50%. The quantity of pressed screenings is approximately 0.8 m³/d. One container of 3 m³
55
is sufficient for 7.6 days. The containers are located on small lorries by which they can be brought out of the
building. Container trucks can now pick them up for disposal at a landfill.
In case of failure the water level in front of the screens rises up and the wastewater flows in a by-pass
channel where a screen with a bar spacing of 40 mm is installed. The screen is cleaned by hand. For
maintenance purposes the screen channel is equipped with stop logs.
Aerated Grit and Grease Chamber
For the removal of grit and grease one combined aerated grit and grease chamber will be built. Retention
time at wet weather flow is approx. 10 min. To improve the transportation of grease into the foreseen
chamber and the separation of sand and organic matter the grit chamber is equipped with a coarse bubble
aerating system. This is separated in two sections over the grit chamber length with different air transmission
volumes to avoid disturbances in settling processes in the final part of the grit chamber. The design envisages
an air demand of 0.5 Nm³/m³/h which is deemed to be suitable in order to avoid unintended reduction of
BOD5 which is required for denitrification. One blower and one standby aggregate will be installed in the
screen building.
Grease and oil is collected on the surface of the grease chamber that is separated from the grit chamber by
means of vertically mounted stilling rakes. The rakes are fixed at a concrete diving wall that prevents grease
and oil from flowing back into the grit chamber. The floated grease is pushed towards the grease hopper by
means of a scraper that is mounted at the scraper bridge. When the bridge has reached the hopper a penstock
is opening to lead the grease into the hopper. Simultaneously, the grease pump is starting for transporting the
mixture into a grease container located in the screen building.
The grit is removed from the collecting channel at the tank bottom by a suction pump mounted on the
bridge. The sand/water mixture is pumped via a channel located on one side into a pumping pit. From there
a submersible pump transports the sand/water mixture into the grit classifier.
The grit classifier which is located in the screen building will separate sand from water. The dewatered sand
is transported directly into a 1 m³ container. The separated water is brought back into the screens outlet flow
by gravity. The daily quantity of grit amounts to 0.4 m³/d. The grit will be disposed at a landfill.
Flow Measurement
Inflow will be measured by a Venturi channel which will be located behind the grit and grease chamber.
The measuring device consists of one sensor for the measurement of the water level in combination with a
standard Khafagiventuri form. The documentation of the current flow situation as well as the recording of the
daily water volume is to be provided from the flow measurement. The current flow will also be used for the
control of the proportional return sludge flow. The measurement of inflow reflects the actual hydraulic load
of the activated sludge tanks better than the outflow measurement because of delay-effects.
Activated Sludge Tank
The activated sludge tanks (AST) are designed for a sludge age of 21.5 days which is necessary for
simultaneous aerobic sludge stabilization (extended aeration) and nitrogen removal , according to
56
internationally acknowledged German guideline DWA-A-131. A relative small food to mass ratio of
0.04/0.04/0.04/0.05 kgBOD5/kgDS is necessary to be sufficient to meet the required treatment standard.
Two circular tanks with a volume of approx. 4,800 m³ each will be constructed. The total volume amounts to
approx. 9,600 m³. The depth of the tanks will be 5.00 m.
Nitrogen removal is based on aerated (nitrification) and unaerated (denitrification) zones or phases which
change periodically. Circular tanks have been chosen because they offer optimum conditions for intermittend
denitrification which requires completely mixed tanks. Intemittend denitrification which means that
nitrification and denitrification phases alternate in time in one reactor has been chosen because control and
steering of this process is not complicate and also offers big operational flexibility. The duration of the
different phases will be determined by measuring the break in the redox potential.
The tanks will be equipped with fine bubble panel aerators which allow for a good oxygen transfer capacity
and therefore provide an advantageous efficiency. The oxygen concentration will be measured and controlled
in each tank. A free oxygen concentration of 2 mg/l will be maintained. Oxygen input into the wastewater
will be steered by the flexible capacity of the blowers equipped with frequency converters. The blowers will
be accommodated in an adjacent blower station.
During unaerated phases the sludge has to be prevented from settling on the tank bottom by stirring devices.
Due to the little occupancy rate of the aerators (typical for plants with extended aeration) the stirring devices
will also stay in operation during aerated phases. Each tank will be equipped with 2 submersible mixers with
diameter 2.50 m.
The mixed liquor suspended solids value (MLSS) which can be maintained by the return sludge ratio of 0.75
amounts to 3.78 gDS/l. The daily excess sludge produced amounts to approximately 126 m³/d at the start of
operation in 2013 and 188 m³/d at the end of operation in 2030.
Equal inflow to each tank is accomplished by a distribution chamber with overflow weirs. In case of
emergency shut down inflow can be closed by a gate valve. The water level of each tank is determined by the
water level in the final sedimentation tank. Also the outlet pipe has to be closed by a gate valve in emergency
case.
Blower Station
Three duty blowers with a suction volume (under operational conditions) of approx. 1,650 m³/h each and one
standby blower with same capacity have been chosen. All blowers will be connected to one air pipe which
branches in the further course to the activated sludge tanks. Two of the blowers will be equipped with
frequency converters with a range of 36-100%. This allows for a stepless range of the aeration of 1:8.3. The
minimum range acc. DWA-A-131 is 1:7.
Total suction air capacity (under operational conditions) amounts to approx. 4,950 m³/h which is approx.
4,270 Nm³/h. All aggregates will be installed in the blower station adjacent to the activated sludge tanks. The
peak oxygen demand of wastewater is approx. 256 kgO2/h.
57
Final Sedimentation Tank (FST)
One tank with an internal diameter of 24.00 m and a depth of 4.00 m will be built with a total volume of
approx. 2,100 / 1,800 / 2,200 / 2,000 m³. Two tanks are not deemed to be economical for a WWTP of this
size. Also the diameters of 2 tanks would be smaller than 20 m which is the limit for horizontal flow. The
tanks would have to be to designed for vertical flow which requires much deeper tanks. Also breakdown of a
scraper bridge is a rather seldom event.
The task of the FST is the proper separation of the purified wastewater from the activated sludge. The
sludge, under the influence of gravity, will settle on the bottom of the FST from where it will be pushed into
the centre of the tank by a rotating rake in preparation for the sludge removal. This sludge will then, to a
large extent, conveyed back into the biological stage, whereby ultimately the desired concentration of
biomass in the biological process will be achieved.
Inflow of water into FST is provided via a culvert into the feed well. In order to achieve an uniform
discharge and loading of the final sedimentation tank, an even distribution of the sludge-water mixture
through the central structure will be ensured by Stengel-type inlets installed here.
A one sided rake is designed for the purpose of clearing the settled activated sludge on the tank floor. The
anticipated floor inclination of the final sedimentation tank is 1:15 which will facilitate the sludge removal
by the bottom rake. The clearing bridge is mounted on the middle plate and running on the side wall of the
final sedimentation tank. The rake is designed in such a way to provide a sufficient removal volume in the
sludge hopper to avoid insufficient oxygen supply to the activated sludge or even sludge bulking.
The scum that occurs within the final sedimentation tank is to be withdrawn by a skim channel. A
submersible pump, installed within the skim channel in a small pit conveys the scum via a collecting
pressure pipe into the return and excess sludge. pump station. Here it will be mixed intensively with the
return and surplus sludge.
The effluent water withdrawal from the final sedimentation tank will take place via a spillway which can be
overflowed from both sides, with a submersed baffle wall in front of it. The runoff from the effluent water
channel is led to the outlet of the WWTP.
Return Sludge Pump Station
The task of the return sludge pumping station is the back pumping of the biological sludge from the final
sedimentation tanks to the activated sludge tanks in order to maintain the mixed liquor suspended solids
concentration in the activated as constant as possible. Two duty and one standby submersible centrifugal
sludge pumps will be installed. Each of the pumps will have a delivery of maximal 75 l/s. By means of
frequency converters a constant return sludge ratio of 0.75 will be ensured. The required flow rate is
provided by the inlet flow measuring device in combination with the return sludge measurement by an MID-
device installed in the sludge inlet pipe. The return sludge will be pumped into the distribution chamber prior
to the activated sludge tanks. There the return sludge and the incoming wastewater will be mixed intensively.
58
Excess Sludge Pump Station
Excess sludge will be sucked from the return sludge pump sump and pumped to the gravity pre-thickener.
The amount of sludge which will be withdrawn from the system will be determined by the operation time of
the pump. The MLSS value in the aeration tanks will be measured in fixed intervals. The pumps will start
operation in case the MLSS concentration in the aeration tanks is higher than the given value or will be shut
down in case of a lower MLSS concentration. One duty and one standby submersible excess sludge pumps
will be installed with a capacity of 10 / 8 / 9 / 8 l/s each.
Gravity Pre-Thickener
One thickener with a volume of 176 m³ is envisaged.
The pre-thickener is used to reduce the water content of the withdrawn excess sludge from the activated
sludge tanks. This will considerably reduce the hydraulic load of the following sludge drying beds. The
thickener consists mainly of a cylindrical part with a bottom inclination of 1:10 and a small hopper. The
sludge is settling down and brought into the hopper by means of a sludge scraper.
The removal of supernatant from the thickener takes place by means of a one-sided overflow weir. The
supernatant flows by gravity to the channel upstream of the distribution chamber of the activated sludge
tanks. To avoid clogging the pipes are rinseable. The feeding of surplus sludge to the thickener is carried out
by the excess sludge pumps (described above) centrally into the consolidation zone. The retention time in the
consolidation zone is approx. 36 h.. The sludge withdrawal from the thickener will be provided by means of
a sludge pumping pit attached to the thickener from which the sludge is pumped to the sludge drying beds by
one duty and one standby pump with 10 l/s capacity each.
Sludge Drying Bed
For dewatering and drying the sludge will be pumped to a sludge drying bed. With a chosen dry solids load
of 120 kgDS/m² the dry solids content will reach approx. 40 %. The total area which will be divided in 4
units amounts to 5,040 m². The usable height is 1.80 m. The bottom will be used as a filter. The top layer
which serves as a wearing surface will be 20 cm sand which has to be renewed from time to time. The filter
below the top layer consists of three layers of sand-gravel mixture with grain size 0-12 mm, gravel 18-25
mm and coarse gravel up to 60 mm grin size in which a drainage pipe is laid. Below the filter a clay layer of
35 cm with permeability of kf < 10^-8 m/s has to be placed for protection of groundwater from
contamination. The clay layer is not necessary in case the permeability of the existing soil (minimum 35 cm)
is already below 10^-8 m/s. The supernatant which is in the order of less than 1 l/s flows back to the inlet
pumping station by gravity. The dried sludge will be removed by a tractor or a wheel loader. For this reason
tracks of concrete will be envisaged in the sludge drying beds.
Administration Building incl. Laboratory and Workshop
An administration and maintenance building will be built in the site of the WWTP. This building will include
all facilities required for properly operating the plant. For this reason it is located in an appropriate and
central place, with view and easy access to all treatment units. On the other hand there is enough distance to
59
possible odour sources like sludge treatment The building will include offices, laboratory, control room,
workshop, stores, showers and sanitary facilities, dressing rooms, kitchen, and meeting room. The building
will be alimented with electricity and potable water.
Power Supply and Emergency Power Supply
The required electrical power has been calculated as 181 kW. The detailed calculation is presented in the
annex. For case of power failure a diesel generator set will be installed which will cover the emergency
power supply of 101 kW. The generator set will be accommodated in a separate small building with
dimensions like a garage.
Gauff and Temelsu JV proposes to use the numbers for non-sensitive areas which means that the WWTPs
will be designed also for elimination of carbonaceous matter
.Elimination of phosphorus by chemical precipitation with ferric or aluminium salts is notn’t envisioned .
The reasons are as follows:
• The limited budget, investments on the water sector are deemed to have a greater benefit for the
population than establishing a very sophisticated wastewater treatment
• The elimination of P requires higher skills from the personnel operating the plant
• The possibility to use the effluent in the future for irrigation purposes
This process will allow to provide needed quality of treated waters with possibility of further their use for
irrigation and also use of sludge in agriculture.
Therefore project FS Document proposes the effluent limit values as presented in the table below(Table
3.1):
Table 3.1. Effluent Standards proposed for Design
Parameter (Unit) Non-Sensitive Area
BOD5 Mg/l 25
COD Mg/l 125
TSS Mg/l 35
N,tot Mg/l --
P,tot Mg/l --
The requirements for sludge treatment proposed by the Consultant are stabilization of sludge and dry solids
content of approx. 20% - 25%. which can be achieved by sludge drying beds.
By year 2030 a population equivalent main indicator will be of 27,400 people PE served by the WWTP..
60
Mainly planned in the project the extended aeration system is feasible from economic and exploitation point
of view and is characterised with a low probability of accidents as in this variant a heated septic reservoir and
utilization of gas isn’t required.
Daily, 1,400 kg sludge will be produced in the Plant and dried in drying beds. According to Item 3.7, 3rd
Article, Azerbaijan Republic Cabinet of Ministers Decision about Sanitary Rules, Hygiene and
Environmental Specifications Based Cities and Other Cities and Other Populated Areas Treatment,
Temporary Domestic Waste Storage, Regular Removal and Neutralization Guidelines dated 21 April 2005
No. 74, landfill disposal of solid domestic waste of hazardous and safe (intra-sedimental) industrial waste
and waste which can be recycled (repeatedly used ) is prohibited. That is why sludge will be stored within
the Plant and will be used in agricultural activities during the season. In that case content of sludge to be
used in agriculture must meet requirements of sludge content environmental control standard presently
effective in Azerbaijan.
Water borne diseases are expected to decrease in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the
rayon.
3.3 Map of project area and the location of project infrastructure to be included.
Shabran rayon center which is project area has been located in the north-east of the Greater
Caucasus. Shabran territory consists of plain-foothill and highland zones(See Figure 3.5).
61
Figure 3.5. Map of location of Shabran region
62
The rayon’s economic activity is based on agriculture. Local people mainly deal with grain and vegetable
growing and stock farming. Socio-economical information about the project area is given at the section 2.4.4.
In Shabran rayon center 22.533 people live according to the census result of year 2009.
The project service area for water supply will include the Sincanboyat and Surra villages .The wastewater
from Surra Village is taught to be collected as well as refugee camp located at the northeast of Shabran rayon
center. Below is given division of the rayon territory to different areas depending on water sources, land use
and type of economical activity(Figure 3.6).
Figure 3.6. Land use and economic areas in Shabran region
Map of location of existing and proposed in the FS document infrastructure are given in the ANNEXES I-IV
3.4 Legal and Institutional Strengthening
Existing Organization: Services related to sewerage system and stormwater are under the responsibility of
Local Birleshmish SuKanal Authority. Ten management and administration staff including one manager, 24
accounting staff, 13 technical staff responsible for water supply systems and 5 technical staffs responsible for
sewerage systems has been employed by Local Birleshmish Su Kanal Authority.
The project Feasibility Study underlines the importance of strengthening the Institutional Structure. The
main proposal for the organization is to separate Shabran Su Kanal Department from the central
63
organizations like AZERSU and Birleshmish Su Kanal in order to have an efficient and operational
management structure.
Existing organizational structure of the Shabran Su Kanal Department is proposed to be kept mainly as it is.
However some small modifications within the organization structure have been proposed to be realized in
order to improve the Shabran Su Kanal Department. As a must, the constructed wastewater treatment plant
will require a few skilled staff, like plant director, engineer/chemist and a technician, and ordinary workers.
The technician and workers for the wastewater treatment plant could be selected and trained from the
existing staff of the Shabran Su Kanal Department. Besides that a part time Information Technologies
Specialist (IT Specialist) is proposed to assist to the Shabran Su Kanal Department Head. IT specialist will
assist to the installation and development of information technologies within the organization. A (See Figure
3.7 for the extended units of the Organizational Structure of the Shabran Su Kanal Department)
FIGURE 3.7. PROPOSED ORGANIZATION DIAGRAM OF SHABRAN SU KANAL
DEPARMENT(FS)
Shabran
Su Kanal Dept.
Head
Economist Safety
Inspector
Operation
&
Maintenance
Department
Accounting
Department
Personnel
Department
Deputy
Head
Customer
Relations
Department
Drinking
Water
Network
O & M
Services
Sewerage
Network
O & M
Services
Pumping
Stations
O & M
Services
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
O & M
Services
Information
Technologies
Specialist
Units kept
Units Proposed to be
Extended
Shabran
Su Kanal Dept.
Head
Economist Safety
Inspector
Operation
&
Maintenance
Department
Accounting
Department
Personnel
Department
Deputy
Head
Customer
Relations
Department
Drinking
Water
Network
O & M
Services
Sewerage
Network
O & M
Services
Pumping
Stations
O & M
Services
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
O & M
Services
Shabran
Su Kanal Dept.
Head
Economist Safety
Inspector
Operation
&
Maintenance
Department
Accounting
Department
Personnel
Department
Deputy
Head
Customer
Relations
Department
Drinking
Water
Network
O & M
Services
Sewerage
Network
O & M
Services
Pumping
Stations
O & M
Services
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
O & M
Services
Information
Technologies
Specialist
Units kept
Units Proposed to be
Extended
64
4. BASIC INFORMATION
4.1. Bio-physical description of project area
Relief and geological structure
Shabran region is situated on the north-east slope of Great Caucasus mountains of the same natural
region. The area of the region have complex relief condition. Flat, foothills and mountainous relief forms are
distributed here. Absolute altitude changes between 28 m and 2205 m.
The Flat part of the area is on Samur-Devechi lowland. The Caspian coast side of this lowland is
situated below ocean-level. The lowland is of accumulative origin and covered with sea sedimentary rocks of
forth age. Towards the west from the lowland the absolute altitude increases and flat relief is replaced with
plateaus, low and middle relief forms.
The main part of the region is on the Front Caucasus tectonic landing zone (Gusar-Devechi
synclinorium) and only the west mountainous part is on Great Caucasus tectonic ascend zone (Tenge-
Beshbarmag anticlinorium).
Shabran region is situated on magnitude 7 seismic zone. The geological structure of the area is
complex. There are two geological Age of Mammals and Age of Reptiles rocks that are mentioned in
Azerbaijan. Age of Mammals rocks are distributed more widely. They are mainly represented by third and
forth age rocks (clays, sand stones, sahels, etc.).
Forth age rocks are distributed on the east side, the third age rocks on the central side and Chalk aged
rocks of the Age of Reptiles on the west side. The whole area of Shabran region is covered with sedimentary
rocks.
Climate
According to the climate condition, the area of Shabran region can be divided into two parts. semi-
desert and dry climate type is superior on the east side of the region where flats are widely spread and
temperate warm climate type is superior on the west side where mountain relief forms are widely spread (as
per Keppens’ classification).
On the area that is situated on semi-desert and temperate warm climate type the average annual
rainfall quantity reaches to 300-350 mm; this forms 30-35% of the possible evaporation quantity.
Precipitation is distributed irregularly during the year. Most precipitation (70%) fall in the cold period
(October-March) of the year. The summer is warm and winter is moderate. The average annual temperature
of the weather is 12-13ºC. The area has big thermic resources.
Table 4.1 describes average monthly and annual amounts of the main climate elements of Shabran region
and on Pic. 4.1 wind flower is given. Because of non-existence of meteorological observation post in
Shabran region, the information is taken from Shabran post that is situated on the similar physical-
geographical condition. As it seems from Pic. 4.1 the north-west winds are superior in the region.
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Table 4.1. Average monthly and annual amounts of the main climate elements (according to the Siyazan station information H=26 m)
№ Name of element I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Annual
1
Weather temperature, C0
a) average
1,4
2,0
4,4
9,5
16,0
21,0
24,3
24,0
19,9
14,2
8,7
4,1
12,5
b) absolute maximum 24 24 28 34 35 40 40 41 39 36 28 21 41
v) absolute minimum -18 -17 -9 -4 1 5 10 10 5 -4 -9 -14 -18
2 Rainfalls, mm 27 21 26 27 18 19 16 13 32 38 43 28 308
3 Wind speed, m/s 4,3 4,2 4,6 5,0 4,3 4,6 4,6 5,0 4,6 4,2 4,3 4,1 4,5
4 Absolute humidity of the weather,
mb 6,1 6,1 6,8 9,3 13,4 16,8 20,3 20,4 17,0 12,8 9,4 6,9 12,1
5 Relative humidity of the weather,
% 84 84 82 77 73 65 64 66 72 80 82 83 76
6 Humidity deficit, mb 1,2 1,2 1,6 3,2 5,6 9,7 11,3 10,5 6,8 3,4 2,0 1,5 4,8
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Figure 4.1. Wind flower (according to the Siyazan station information)
Soil types
The height zoning is clearly seen in the distribution of soil types over the area.
In the arid and semiarid landscapes of the investigated area irrigated soils, sewage soils, boharic soils
and practically not cultivated versions of the meadow-brown, meadow-forest, meadow-grey-brown, grey-
brown, meadow-grey, flow-meadow (alluvial-meadow) soils cover a wide region area.
Information on the main soil types distributed in the area is given in the Table 4.2.
Table 4.2. Distributed soil types in Shabran region
№ Soil types Bonitet marks Area, ha
1 Mountain-meadow 90.00 3,870.00
2 Brown mountain-forest 86.00 22,320.00
3 Meadow brown 85.00 20,070.00
4 Mountain-grey-brown 59.00 36,720.00
5 Clay-yellow 94.00 6,840.00
6 Chestnut (not completely developed) 18.00 14,670.00
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7 Meadow grey (irrigated) 68.00 27,270.00
8 Grey-brown 42.00 15,840.00
9 Alluvial-meadow 63.00 13,770.00
10 Marshy grassland 71.00 5,940.00
11 Sandy place 10.00 8,640.00
Total 63.00 175,950.00
70% of grey-brown soils, more than 80% of meadow-grey-brown and meadow-forest soils are
changed into agro-irrigation landscapes.
Formation of meadow-brown soils is connected with gound waters being situated close to the
surface. Irrigated meadow-brown soils have been completely changed into agrolandscapes.
Ecosystems
Natural landscape types
In Shabran region there are three main landscape types (ecosystem type):
1.Flat semi-desert ecosystem
2.Foothills semi-desert ecosystem
3.Forest ecosystem of low mountains
Semi-desert ecosystem of flat areas covers the territory between Samur-Absheron channel and
Caspian Sea. Foothills semi-desert ecosystem is distributed in the middle part of the region (200-600 m
heights).
Vegetative cover
The main part of semi-desert ecosystem plants are consisted of different types of wormwood, ethyl
alcohol ephemmeroids, etc. Depending on the soil-ecological condition of the area wormwood and ethyl
alocohol ephemmeroids together cover the soil surface from 25-30% up to 70-80%.
In rich rainfall spring season Poa Bulbusa, Dolium rigidum Ejand, Erodium cicaturium, and in dry
years Salsola dendroides are widely distributed. Semi-desert plant yield is not so high and usually changes
between 1-7 s/ha.
The low mountain forest zone stretches as a narrow belt between 500-600 m and 800-900 m height.
At the east of the zone due to dryness of the climate the upper border of the forests ascend up to 1200-1400
m (in some areas 1600 m) height. Oak and hornbeam trees are superior in the forests. Georgian (or Iberian)
oak seldom forms pure forest, but mainly with hornbeam and sometimes together with lime-tree. On flat
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crests of the low mountain beddings and on gentle slopes there are oak forests. On other areas basically oak,
ash-tree and oak-hornbeam forests are superior.
Due to humidity increase on river valleys and hollows of low mountains lian pistachio-tree and
hornbeam forests are developed.
Under oak and oak-hornbeam forests complex structured little trees and bushes grow.
The animal world
Typical animals of semi-desert and dry fields are wolf, fox, jackal, rabbit, etc. Preyers occur close to
sheep-pens and villages, as well as in open semi-desert areas. Because of fox and jackal being mainly rodent
feeders, they usually live far away from settlements. Grey, chestnut and red coloured small fox (Vulpes
Alpheraklyi) feeding with insect and rodents are widely spread.
In semi-desert and dry fields from rodents badger, spotted or polecat (Vormela Sarmatica) and
weasel also occur in semi-desert and dry fiels areas, but rarely. Field mouse (Microtus Socialis), Red tail
mouse (Meriones crythrourusi), Bogdanov field mouse, Williams arab rabbit, small arab rabbit, grey
mountain mouse (Cricetulus Migratorius), house and forest mouses, sand mouse, rabbit are typical rodents of
semi-desert and dry fields. Here, from insect feedings lop-eared hedgehog, long-tailed white-toothed, stink
badger (Pachyure etrusca) considered as the smallest mammallia also occur.
In semi-desert and dry fields from birds stonebird (Ocnanthe isabelino), crested lark (Alanda
ciristata), grey lark, field lark, red duck, simple dove, etc. can be shown.
Reptiles commonly occur in semi-deserts and arid-denuded low mountains. Tortoise, some types of
lizards including snake-eyed lizard and others, occur.. Snakes are also widely spread: adder (Vipera labitina),
coluber jugularis, venomous snake, blind snake, feeding with insects (Contia collaris).
From amphibians only green land frog (Bufo Viridis) can be shown. There are many types of
different insects.
Tthe animal world the mountain forest zone is differs dramatically from other semi-desert zone in
terms of its landscape-ecological systems in Shabran. One of the rare animals of this place is forest cat.
In mountain-forest landscape badger and squirrel are rarely mentioned. Here, some types of mouses
and forest mousesrı, bush mouse, Caucasus mouse), shrew and other rodents are widely spread.
Mountain forests are dwelling place for black woodpecker, three types of many-coloured
woodpecker, snow bird, colourful nightingale, siskin, red throat. There are also water sparrow, long-tailed
tomtit (in winter months), grey eagleowl in this belt.
From reptiles, snake, rock lizard, grass-snake are mentioned in this belt.
Mountain forests are also rich with insects (dark blue proserus insect, blue alpine insect), forest bee
and snails.
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Anthropogenic transformation of natural landscape
60% of semi-desert complexes are occupied by pasture and hayfield, 2,8% by agroirrigation (18,6%
grain, 4,2% vegetable, melon plantation) landscapes, 8,4% by technogen modifications (road, channel, gas,
oil pipe, current lines, etc.), 8,8% by river-beds, gorge, ravine, valley, etc. useless areas.
In the semi-desert zone, pipes, automobile and rail routes, electrical lines, irrigation channels and
other man-made modifications separate large areas of the natural environment into small parts. In some
places man-made developments (between Gilazi-Zarat) occupy over 25% area of semi-deserts.
Anthropogenic transformation of dry fields . Bushy-fields, second-fields, forest-bushy-fields
differ from each-other accroding to their anthropogenic degree. The anthropogenesis of black thorn,
wormwood bushy fields forming on grey-brown soils of sloping flats is equal to 0.78%. 35% of these
complexes is irrigated garden, 47% is irrigated garden- plantation, hayfield and 18% are technogen
modifications.
Modern anthropogenesis of high sloping flats, forest-field and fields of river terraces reaches to 0,85
and of weak decomposited, wide terraced fields to 0,9. Analysis of cartographic information referring to the
20th century shows that all these fields arose as the result of destruction of old forests where oak was
superior.
Anthropogenic transformation of intrazonal landscapes. These complexes differ with their both
high natural dynamic and sharp anthropogenesis. At the beginning of 20th century lowland intrazonal
complexes occupied more than 70% of area only in Samur-Davachi . As a result of anthropogenic
transformation of natural landscapes flat forests have been replaced with forest-bushes, forest-meadows,
bogs, meadows, meadow-bushes and different anthropogenic modifications. Forest, forest-bushes and
forest-meadow complexes – frequently undergo to anthropogenic impacts around settlements, big railway
and automobile terraces.
Meadow-bog and flat-meadow complexes are one of the the most aggravated anthropogenesis unit
of region. Average anthropogenesis coefficient changes are between 0,7-0,8. Only around Agzibirchala is
this indicator significantly lower (0,2-0,4), while in old river-bed and hollow cavity flats it is 0,6, and
between Garachay-Jagajugchay in bog-meadows using small areal hayfields it is is 0,7.
Underground and surface waters
Surface waters
The main rivers of Shabran region are Shabranchay, Davachichay and Gilgilchay. At the north of
region the low flow of Valvalachay separates Shabran from Guba region.
Main chemical content of water of some of rayon rivers is described at Table 4.3
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Table 4.3. Main chemical content of water of Siyazan rayon rivers Shabran rayon rivers
N İon content, mg/eq Dry
residue
Type pH
River NCO3 CL SO4 Ca Mg Na
Davachichay
4.30 2.00 1.90 4.00 3.00 1.20 0.58 Hydro
Carbon
Calsium
7.0
Gilgilchay
3.30 1.20 2.30 3.00 2.00 1.80 0.500 Sulphate-
Hydro
Carbom
Both rivers by the information of Ministry of Ecology are polluted at a certain degree.
Main morphometric and flow characteristics of these rivers have been given on Table 4.4 and flow sources
on Table 4.5.
Table 4.4. Average long-term and extremal water use of rivers
N River post
Annual
flow
norm,
m3/s
Maximum
water use,
m3/s
Minimum
water use,
m3/s
Water
catchment
area, km2
Average height
of basin, m
I Valvalachay
1.
Valvalachay -Nohur
flat 2,88 80,4 0,088 210 2020
2.
Valvalachay -Tanga-
Alti 4,45 256 0,18 454 1870
II Shabran çay
3. Shabranchay-Zeyva 0,17 49,1 0 29,8 1150
III Davachichay
4.
Davachichay-
Khalfalar 0,37 176 0 132 760
IV Gilgilchay
5.
Kharmidorchay-
Khaltan 0,31 20,6 0,002 42,4 1380
6. Gilgilchay-Jalagan 0,74 110 0 696 (920)
Note: Both of hydrological stations on Valvalachay are in Guba region.
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Valvalachay arises from interflow of Babachay and Jimichay rivers and begins from 2920 m height.
Its length is 98 km, basin area is 628 km2, average altitude is 1495.
Forest occupies 78 km2
area in the basin. Average inclination of Valvalachay is 30,1 ‰ and river
network density is 0,84 km/km2. It has high-water spring and high-water flood autumn regime.
Table 4.5. Flow sources of the rivers
N River station Snow waters, % Rain waters, % Ground waters, %
I Valvalachay
1.
Valvalachay-Nohur
flat 40 36 24
2.
Valvalachay –Tanga-
Altı 35 27 38
II Shabrançay
3. Shabrançay-Zeyva 8 68 24
III Davachichay
4.
Davachichay-
Khalfalar 5 75 20
IV Gilgilchay
5.
Kharmidorchay-
Khaltan 14 50 36
6. Gilgilchay-Jalagan
In the chemical content of Valvalachay water hydrocarbonate anion and calcium cation are superior.
Mineralization degree changes between 450-550 mg/l.
Water resources of Valvalachay are used in irrigation and the feeding of Samur-Absheron channel.
There is Valvala water-power station with 230 kvt power in the river.
Shabranchay. Arises from combination of springs flowing from east slope of Klit mountain of
llateral spine (on 1680 m altitude). The river flows to Agzibir port situated on 4 km north-east from Sarvan
village. It is high water flood river.
Its water is hydrocarbonated calcium and mineralization degree on average is 500 mg/l. Water
resources are used mainly in irrigation.
Davachichay. Arises from combination of Zahlinchay flowing from Katandan chain that is the main
part of lateral spine and Piribadilchay (on 1530 m altitude) and flows into Agzibir port.
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It is high water flood river and its main food sources are rain waters. Ground water part is 20%, snow
water part is only 5% (Table 4.4).
Water quality in the upper river is comparatively good, and is of hydrocarbonated-calcium water type
and with mineralization between 435-640 mg/l. On lower flow the river water is polluted with sewage.
Gilgilchay starts from Gulumdostu mountain (on 1980 m altitude). It is also high water flood river.
The mineralization degree of water reaches to 920 mg/l. Water resources are using mainly in irrigation.
Underground waters
The area of Shabran region is mainly consisting of clayey rocks of palaeogene and neogene periods.
Local occurrences of sands, gravels and limestones are common, but these are of limited extent and do not
support the formation of significant groundwater resources. Accordingly, both ground and aretsian water
resources in the region are limited. Groundwater plays a role in feeding the rivers of the area (see Table 4.4),
but their role is small in comparison with other sources of water that feed the rivers and in arid years in
summer monthes these rivers dry up.
In the foothills of Gilgilchay basin there are fresh and little mineralized ground water resources.
According to the assessments the resources of these waters are 1000 m3/day.
According to the information of amelioration JSC the mineralization of ground waters between the rail road
and the Caspian Sea is below 3.0 mq/l. The ground waters are of two types: Hydro Carbonate – Calcium
and Sulphate-Hydrocarbonate –Calcium- Magnesium waters .
4.2. Social-economic character of Project area
Economical-geographical position
Shabran region is one of the five administrative regions (Shabran, Khachmaz, Guba, Gusar, Siyazan)
of Guba-Khachmaz economical-geographical region. The area of Shabran region is 1088 km2 and population
is 51.2 thousand.
Shabran region is situated on north-east of Republic. The economical-geographical position of the
region is very advantageous from a development perspective. Transportation and communication lines pass
through the region going from Azerbaijan to Russia and other CIS countries to the north; also, the proximity
of Shabran to the highly developed industrial centre plays an important role in developing the economy of
the region. The transport network of the region is represented by rail, automobile, pipe-line transport types.
The passing of main rail-automobile lines through the region, and also the direct access of the region to the
sea create very good economic development conditions. As an indicator of development potential, the Baku-
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Khachmaz-Darband railway line that passes through Shabran recorded an increase in freight and passengers
of 2 – 2.5 times in the 1995 – 1996 period.
Population
Population dynamics in Shabran region is given in Table 4.6.
Table 4.6. Increase dynamics of population number in Shabran region (thousand persons)
Area 1
st of January situation
1990 1995 2000 2005 2009
Republic of Azerbaijan 7131.9 7643.5 8032.8 8447.3 8896.9
City population 3847.3 4005.6 4116.4 4477.6 4818.3
Village population 3284.6 3637.9 3916.4 3969.7 4078.6
Guba-Khachmaz economic
region – total 373.7 417.8 445.3 465.9 487.0
City population 123.1 134.6 138.9 154.8 165.8
Village population 250.6 283.2 306.4 311.1 321.2
Shabran region 39.3 44.1 46.4 48.6 51.2
City population 19.0 20.5 20.5 21.2 22.2
Village population 20.3 23.6 25.9 27.4 29.0
As identified in Table 4.6 most peoplein Shabran region live in villages and the urbanization level is
43%. The birth rate of the region was 22.9 per 1000 people in the 1990’s, but this has dropped to 10.7 births
per 1000 more recently. The average density of population is 47 people per km2. The working population is
34% of the tota population.
Shabran attracts immigrants from other CIS countries. Displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh are
also inhabit the region. Displaced persons having limited economic means and faced with unemployment are
among the most vulnerable groups in society in Shabran region.
Economic-social situation
In Shabran region approximately 75% of employed persons work in state sector. There are 8 industrial
and 12 agricultural institutions; 9 of them are state owned and 11 are private sector owned. The average
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monthly salary is 207.9 AZN. The average salary in the state sector is approximately 50% lower than the
regional average, and in private sector is approximately 50% higher than the regional average.
The social-economic indicators of the region are given in Table 4.7.
Table 4.7. The social-economic indicators of Shabran region.
Number of doctors, person
63 Number of infant schools 3
Number of doctors per 10000
persons
12.3 Number of children there,
person
205
Number of average medical
workers, person
239 Number of children against 100
places in infant schools
158
Number of average medical
workers per 10000 persons
46.8 Internal general education
schools 49
Number of hospitals
3 Number of pupils there, person 8425
Number of hospital beds
280
Industrial activity focuses on oil-gas production, other local raw material resources, food industries
and hardware production. In addition, there is a carpet factory in Shabran. Local inhabitants are mainly
busy with grain-growing, vegetable-growing and cattle-breeding, however. At recent times wheat planting is
considerable increased (Table 4.8). Over Shabran region production of plant-growing crops and productivity
on agriclutural spheres are given in Tables 4.8, 4.9, 4.10 ,4.11 and 4.12.
Table 4.8. Sowing areas over Shabran region, ha
№ Sowing areas 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Sowing areas of grain
and grain beans 6791 9737 11580 12046 12039 8851 8245
2 Wheat sowing area 5366 8300 9697 9944 9751 6208 5008
3 Barley sowing area 1406 1390 1862 2074 2259 2592 3076
4 Maize sowing area for
grain 16 44 18 25 26 48 141
5 Sowing area of
foodstuff melon
plantation
9 12 14 14 10 11 8
6 Potato sowing area 65 114 117 120 128 124 125
7 Vegetable sowing area 707 784 787 883 843 838 915
8 Sowing area of
foodstuff melon
plantation
9 12 14 14 10 11 8
9 Orchard sowing area 510 511 510 782 788 898 1026
10 Vineyard sowing area 277 205 204 38 30 58 140
75
Table 4.8. Production of plant-growing crops over Shabran region, ton
№ Production field 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Production of grain
and grain beans 11594 23777 28390 30683 30807 17484 15649
2 Wheat production 9750 20415 23762 25967 25633 11452 9729
3 Barley production 1819 3314 4581 4658 5114 5932 5695
4 Maize production for
grain 21 43 41 53 55 95 217
5 Beet-sugar
production 190
6 Sunflower production
for grain 10
7 Potato production 274 544 568 578 577 579 582
8 Vegetable production 4200 5975 6263 6818 6823 7008 7654
9 Production of
foodstuff melon
plantation
86 31 36 39 36 41 42
10 Fruit production 592 614 655 725 727 742 746
11 Grape production 1351 606 618 628 764 767 773
Table 4.9. Productivity on agricultural fields in Shabran region, cent/ha
№ Productivity 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Grain productivity 17.1 24.4 24.5 25.5 25.6 19.8 19.0
2 Wheat productivity 18.2 24.6 24.5 26.1 26.3 18.4 19.4
3 Barley productivity 12.9 23.8 24.6 22.5 22.6 22.9 18.5
4 Maize productivity
for grain 13.1 9.8 22.8 21.2 21.2 19.8 15.4
5 Beet-sugar
productivity 20
6 Sunflower
productivity for
grain
1
7 Potato productivity 42 48 48 48 45 47 47
8 Vegetable
productivity 59 76 80 77 81 84 84
9 Productivity of
foodstuff melon
plantation
96 26 26 28 36 37 53
10 Fruit productivity 12.1 12 12.8 11.4 11.1 11.1 11
11 Grape productivity 48.8 26 26.6 177.7 242 215.2 137.4
One of the specialized fields of the region is cattle-breeding. In flat areas milk-beef cattle breeding, in
foothills and mountainous areas sheep-breeding is developed (Table 4.10).
Table 4.10. Number of cattle in Shabran (thousands)
Cattle-breeding
fields 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Cow and bufallo 10448 10743 10796 10239 10323 10655 11378
Sheep and goat 32085 35290 35599 35745 36233 37277 41852
In broiler enterprises of Shabran chicken and eggs are producing (Table 4.10).
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Table 4.11 Animal produce production in Shabran region
№ Production fields 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Meat production, ton
(undercut) 719 4575 3868 4777 5217 8139 8502
2 Milk production, ton 10408 11821 10755 10819 10820 10821 10889
3 Egg production,
thousand 2657 1794 2500 2506 1456 1457 18852
4 Wool production, ton 57 59 53 56 57 58 58
4.3. Significant changes in Project area
In Shabran region reestablishment of Water Supply and Sewerage systems take into account the
following construction works:
1. For Water Supply system;
Construction of reservoirs;
Construction of pump stations;
Lay on water supply lines.
2. For Sewerage System
Construction of sewage cleaning structures
Installation of lines (main waterway) removing sewage
According to the FS report in the region 4 new reservoirs must be constructed [. Three of them have
been constructed already. The volume of each is 500 m3 and these reservoirs are on the west side of new
Baku-Guba highway. A sanitary zone has been established around each of these reservoirs.
All three reservoirs are constructed on the slope of hilly territory.
One more reservoir will be constructed in Baku II water pipe sanitary zone on the property of the
Water Kanal of Shabran region. The volume of this reservoir will be 1000 m3; currently, the location of this
reservoir is undeveloped and is covered with natural grass and bushes; one house is located on the south side
of this location. It is planned to construct two pump stations. One of them will be constructed on the west
bank of Samur-Absheron channel (approximately in the distance of 8 m from channel).
The sesond pump station is intended for drawing water from reservoir N2 into the reservoir N3.
A sewage treatment structure will be constructed on undeveloped land 2 km east of Shabran city. The
local population use this territory as pasture and partly hayfields. There are no residences nearby.
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The main water supply and sewerage lines will be installed parallel to each-other under the streets of
the city. One part of existing water supply network will be retained, but sewerage system will be completely
reestablished.
Because the reestablishment of Water Supply and Sewerage systems will take place throughout the
city, works connected with their installation will impact on all townspeople. It is clear, however, that
negative impacts impacts related to construction will be strongest on residents living directly by streets
where work is undertaken, and comparatively weak on population living on distant streets. In addition,
negative impacts will be felt by people travelling through areas where construction takes place.
4.4. Information reliability
There are three main sources of used information in preparing of report:
1. Existing web-sites, questionnaire, scientific literature;
2. Visual field investigation;
3. Experts’ investigation objects and knowledges on environment and generalization skills.
Information on physical-geographical condition, geological structure, soil cover, ecosystems,
vegetative and animal worlds of the region have been taken from appropriate monographs and “Atlas of
Azerbaijan”.
Main sources of information on climate, surface and ground waters of the territory have been taken
from different questionnaires of National Hydrometeorology and Department of Monitoring of Environment
and they are the results of monitorings conducted on last years.
General information on social-economic situation of the region have been taken from relative
monographs and web-site of State Statistics Committee.
Information on Water Supply and Sewerage System structures (reservoirs, pump stations, water
cleaning structure, water supply lines, etc.) that will be constructed and renewed in the territory have been
taken from TES reports FS implemented by Gauff and Temelsu JV consortium , also as the result of Eptisa
and Hydrometeorological Consulting organizations experts’ visual field review, which was undertaken in
June 2010
Members of the EIA project team have implemented scientific-investigation works and realized
projects in different regions of Azerbaijan, including in Shabran region. In preparation of reports, gathering,
processing, analyzing and generalization of information they used their knowledge and skills.
The quality and exactness of information used in preparation of report can be considered as
generally satisfactory. However, it is be noted that there is limited information on fauna where the water
treatment plant will be constructed.
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
5.1 Environmental Issues
The boundaries of the EIA study are defined in two ways:
The boundaries of the project service area are defined by the boundaries of Shabran city and nearby
villages in Shabran Rayon.
The boundaries of the specific facilities to be established through the project are defined by the facilities
themselves and the area of potential impact adjacent to them. The area of potential impact differs for
different potential impacts (e.g. the area of potential impact associated with visual impacts is greater than
the area of potential impact associated with land use disturbance), and these will be defined in the EIA
study in association with the nature of the potential impacts themselves.
The EIA study reflects project boundaries according to each of these considerations.
As described above the Project documentation has identified the following environment-related problems
associated with existing WSS systems in Shabran region:
The untreated waste waters are liable to pollute groundwater and, in wet periods, surface water.
Land and atmosphere air pollution by the effect of untreated waters discharged to open areas, posing a
health threat on the local population.
Leakages from old WS facilities (including water losses as a result of accidental breakage of old
pipelines) and also inefficiency of water use lead to drinking water shortage by volume and time scales.
Discharge of untreated industrial wastes (including medical) represents an immediate public health risk.
Little effort is made to reduce, reuse or recycle waste waters discharged to the sewage collector..
Absence of water meters lead to inefficient use of drinking water, including its use for irrigation and
other purposes
There is need to provide irrigation water supply from Samur- Absheron canal for lower tariffs than
drinking water
The proposed project is intended to address these problems. Therefore, the primary environmental
improvements associated with the proposed project will be the creation of an environmentally sound WSS
system that eliminates these problems to the extent feasible. The major environmental risks associated with
project implementation are as follows:
Proposed facilities are not in fact designed or constructed properly, either because sites are not
sufficiently investigated to ensure that appropriate designs are undertaken, or because of
inadequate design and/or construction supervision.
Proposed facilities are not operated properly, either because management or operational staff are
inadequately trained or because inadequate financial resources are available to maintain the water
management system following the investment.
The main socio-economic risks relate to the potential negative impact of the project during construction: the
project may disrupt the community for an extended period during its construction. Disruptions at the
residential level may occur as a result of the noise and dust associated with construction, and disruptions to
local economic activity may occur as a result difficulty in crossing construction zones and difficulty in
accessing business locations.
79
5.2. Potential Positive Project Impacts
The primary objective of the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities
through the provision of safe, potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.
Based on the feasibility study document the following indicators will be followed:
Secure supply with potable water meeting World Health Organization (WHO) and/or national quality
standards
Continuous water supply for 24 hours per day
Supply of each user with sufficient water for domestic needs
Water distribution system workable under operation pressures with low leakage rates
Safe collection and treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater and reduction of aquifer
pollution
Compliance of water supply facilities, sewer system and wastewater treatment plant based on
international and/or Azeri standards(Annex 6).
Affordable Water Supply and Sanitation Prices for consumers and within determined service tariffs
Minimum use of natural resources to keep the impact of WSS measures on the environment at
minimum level during implementation and maintenance
Implementation of an Action Plan that will upgrade and improve the sustainability in the Rayon centers
through application of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure ,
strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain water supply and sanitation services ,
developing a sense of local ownership through community participation
In general expected project benefits in the project area are :
Prevention of the Ground and Surface Water Pollution
Protection of the Public Health
Prevention of Wasting of Water Resources and Energy
Prevention of the Soil Pollution and Supply of Free Fertilizers to Farmers
5.3 Potential Negative Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
In this section, negative environmental impacts are identified, and the significance of hose impacts
is assessed.
An objective methodology is therefore required to permit assessment of the potential significance of
environmental issues.
The Feasibility Study Consultant carried out the initial environmental assessment for the Category A type
project. In the following the initial environmental assessment has been carried out in order to evaluate the
effects of the proposed solution. In this part first, the “Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist” was
filled for both sewerage and water supply systems. This checklist summarizes existing project area in
Shabran and potential environmental impacts, which projects may cause. The checklist can be seen in the
following table(Table 5.1).
80
Table 5.1. Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist
QUESTIONS Yes No Notes
A. Project site
Project area...
Densely populated? X
Involved in development projects? X
Close to temporary reserves or
including?
X
Cultural heritage X
Protection zone X
Swamp area X
Estuary X
Buffer zone of protected area X
Special zone to protect biodiversities X
Bay X
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will this project cause impacts...?
Damage to historical/cultural
monuments /areas?
X
There are no cultural facilities and
archeological monuments in the direct
project zone. If any historical-cultural
areas are to be recorded in the project
zone in the future, proper measures are
to be taken in accordance with
Environmental Management Plan
(EMP).
These measures should ensure
protection of historical archeological
excavations and cultural heritage of
national and international value.
Constraint to other enterprises and
access to buildings; noise, bad smell
related disturbance to neighboring
areas and flow of rodents, insects etc.?
X
It is expected that project related
impacts during the construction works
will be temporary, short-term and
insignificant. The contractor should
consider and take adequate measures to
build temporary alternative roads,
passages and relevant infrastructure to
ensure access of people, reduce
distribution of noise, bad odor and reach
of wastewater to other sites.
resettlement or necessary relocation of
local people
X
The project doesn’t include relocation
of local people. It is also unlikely to
result in loss of real estate, income
sources and settlement areas. In case of
temporary or permanent withdrawal of
land owned by people during
construction of water pipes or sewage
lines, the losses will be compensated in
accordance with relevant legislation of
Azerbaijan republic.
damage to quality of downstream water
in case of discharge of improperly
treated or untreated wastewater?
X
Currently there is no adequate source
for discharge of treated wastewater.
Wastewater flows are usually
discharged into open areas without any
treatment which cause pollution of
81
surface and ground water sources.
It is believed that in the future the
treated wastewater will be discharged
into dry river bed or reused for
irrigation purposes. If reused for
irrigation, then in the periods out of
irrigation season treated wastewater
might cause damage to environment and
health of people. Therefore, level of
treatment shall be adjusted depending
on the conditions of reuse and
discharge.
The wastewater flows will be treated to
comply with the Surface Water
Protection requirements of BOD205-
3mg/l. So, 24 hour aeration process is
envisaged with the application of full
biological treatment. Wastewater flows
treated up to BOD20= 20mg/l will
undergo full retreatment in the natural
pools.
Flooding of private properties with
untreated wastewater
X
Project includes construction of
wastewater treatment works somewhere
outside the urban area. The structures
will comply with the modern
technological standards and the process
of construction will be supervised by
the technical expertise. The operation
and maintenance of the structure will be
carried out by the qualified operator
adhering to relevant technological
schemes, design parameters and
normative acts. The situations causing
flooding the neighbouring settlements
and private property, other than natural
disasters and technical breakages are
unlikely.
Environmental pollution due to
improper sludge operation or discharge
of industrial wastewater into public
sewage system?
X
Sludge produced by wastewater
treatment will be processed properly.
Sludge processing shall ensure full
liquidation of its pollutant and harmful
compositions.
If sludge will be used for agricultural
purposes, the proper processing will be
included in the wastewater treatment
process and respond to relevant
sanitary-hygiene norms.
If sludge will not be used in agriculture,
it will be processed accordingly, stored
in sludge fields and buried in the areas
agreed with Rayon Executive Power
and sanitary center.
The body responsible for the
maintenance of the treatment plant and
sanitary-hygiene department will
control discharge of inadmissible
82
harmful substances, wastes and
materials into the sewage collector.
Noise and vibration due to explosions
and other construction works?
X
Construction works will be carried out
in accordance with bidding process. It
will be implemented with due
compliance with specifications,
ecological and sanitary norms and
regulations. The quality and scope of
works will be supervised by PIU and
selected consultants. The constructor
will take necessary measures in due
time, with a view not to exceed
allowable level of noise and vibration.
Discharge of toxic substance into
sewage system which may damage the
system and harm workers health?
X
Inadequacy of contractor’s project
related activities may cause damage to
environment, staff health, and health
security of local people, including
discharge of toxic chemical substances
to sewage collectors which may lead to
bad consequences. The organization of
works in accordance with the best
practices and implementation of
trainings for the local staff are the key
components to eliminate or mitigate
adverse environmental impacts and risk
to human health.
Buffer zone to mitigate noise or other
potential damages to surrounding
locations and supply structures with
protection zones?
X
Presently there are no protection
lines/buffer zones around existing
sewage structures and pumping stations.
The planned new structures or
rehabilitation of existing ones will
require allocation of sanitary protection
zone as indicated in the sanitary-
hygiene norms. The planting of trees to
provide a fence around these zones and
implementation of other adequate
arrangements will contribute mitigation
of noise, vibration and other potential
impacts.
Conflicts between construction staff
from other areas and local workers?
X
Social studies implemented in the
project zone show the sufficiency of
local labour force with different
disciplines. One of the project outcomes
is the creation of new temporary and
permanent employments. Thus, local
expertise must be favoured in the
process of employment. Any conflicts
resulted on any grounds will be
resolved under procedures of
Management of Social Impacts.
Traffic closures and temporary
flooding of roads due to earth
excavation works and during rainfall
seasons?
X
It is expected that construction of water
supply and sanitation system implies
enormous earth excavation works. The
contractor will plan the work phases,
provide temporary roads for local
population, protect surrounding areas
83
from flooding due to excavation works
and take proper actions to handle
excavated material.
Noise and dust caused by construction
works?
X
Noise and dust caused by construction
works will be mitigated by the
application of best ecological practices.
These measures may include
implementation of works during
ordinary working hours and application
of noise silencers. Noise production rate
cannot exceed 65 dB in the daytime and
45 dB in the dark hours in accordance
with Azerbaijani standards and norms.
The dust distribution must be eliminated
by minimum application of machines
and mechanisms producing disturbing
noise, watering of the construction site,
provision of coatings over dusty
materials and temporary fences and
other methods.
Traffic constraints due to
transportation of construction materials
and wastes?
X
Construction works must be organized
in such a way that they don’t cause
constraints to normal traffic and extra
noise.
In order to avoid pollution of central
urban areas excavated materials will be
transported through alternative
secondary roads rather than main
highways. (to be agreed with rayon
SRP).
Excavation of temporary silt?
X
One of the environmental impacts is the
silt and other earth materials generated
due to construction works.
Such materials will be handled in
accordance with the EMP, surrounded
to ensure flow to other areas, covered
(if necessary) and discharge to areas as
agreed with the Rayon Executive
Power.
Health risks due to flooding and
groundwater pollution due to sewage
line deterioration?
X
Treatment structures will be operated in
compliance with the relevant guidelines
and standard documents. These
structures will be provided with
emergency outlets in cases of breakages
and other damages. Emergency outlets
will be used with the prior awareness of
the adequate local bodies.
The emergency plan of the operator of
the treatment structure will include
early warning of unexpected emergency
situations.
Damage to water quality due to bad
sludge treatment or discharge of
wastewater without treatment?
X
The plant should include internal
laboratory to ensure operation of
treatment structures in compliance with
the relevant ecological and sanitary
norms and adherence to permissible
84
pollution level of the treated water
content.
The operation of these structures will
also be followed by the local sanitary
agencies and MENR regional
departments.
Pollution of surface and groundwater
sources due to sludge accumulations?
X
Negligence of control of sludge
accumulation in ecologically vulnerable
areas can increase risk of pollution of
surface and groundwater sources. The
contractor will apply best practices to
mitigate such risks.
Risks to health of operation staff
resulting from toxic gases, harmful
substances, including pathogens in the
wastewater and sludge residues?
X
Wastewater operation staff should
follow adequate technological
instructions and sanitary norms in daily
working hours and be provided with
relevant safety uniforms and facilities.
The security experts of wastewater
treatment plant are responsible for safe
working conditions and training of
operation staff on security issues.
Conflicts of raw water supply with the
consumers of other surface and
groundwater sources? X
The supply of water will surely affect
the capacity of the supply source but
have no conflicting factor with other
water consumers.
Supply of unreliable raw water
(including extra pathogens and mineral
compositions)?
X
Water sources meeting potable water
norms and having required flow rates
approved by the government, including
necessary technical, economical,
financial, and ecological requirements
are seen as reliable alternative sources.
The project excludes investigation of
sources irrelevant to the above
indicators.
Delivery of irrelevant water flows into
the distribution system?
X
The development of operation
department must ensure adherence to
the wastewater treatment operation
procedures and exclude any delivery of
irrelevant and inadequate to water
standards water flows into the
distribution system.
Irrelevant protection of intake
structures or wells resulting in
pollution of water supply?
X
A sanitary-protection zone is envisaged
for water supply source to be selected
through comparison of different
alternatives meeting technical,
ecological, financial and ecological
conditions and adequate structures to be
built on this source. This zone will
ensure any discharge of wastes or
substances and illegal access to the
selected water supply facilities.
Oversupply of groundwater flows
resulting in soil salinization and ground
setting?
X
The project studies will prioritize water
sources with sufficient flow capacity
and adequate quality (rivers, main water
pipelines etc.), including artesian wells.
85
The risk of soil salinization or ground
settling will be determined by adequate
geological investigations.
Overgrowth of water-plants in the
water reservoir?
X Growth of water plants on the walls and
bed of water reservoirs is unlikely.
Production of wastewater flows which
surpass design capacity of domestic
sewage system?
X
Improvement of water supply will
certainly increase production of
domestic wastewater flows in the
project towns. However, project
activities include construction of
adequate sanitation system and
wastewater treatment structures which
will prevent environmental pollution
with additional wastewater flows.
Risks resulting from inadequate design
of structures envisaged for purchase,
storage and application of chlorine and
other toxic chemicals?
X
The chlorine to be applied in the
primary production structures and water
reservoirs and transportation, storage
and application of reagents to be used
for water cleaning purposes and
laboratory analyses will be carried out
in accordance with the ‘National
Strategy on the Management of
Hazardous Substances and Wastes of
the Republic of Azerbaijan’, including
inventory of these substances. The
given provision excludes any adverse
impact of these substances on adequate
staff and local population.
Health risks due to application of
chlorine and other substances to
disinfect water?
X
Chlorine and other reagents to be used
for disinfection of potable water is
unlikely to cause any health risks
because the staff working with such
substances will have necessary
knowledge of behaviour with such
substances and follow adequate
guidelines and instructions.
Risks of inadequate water supply and
disproportionate chlorination in the
distribution system due to bad
operation and maintenance (siltation of
filters)?
X
The project envisages full replacement
of pipes, structures and other facilities
of water supply and sanitation system of
the project area and their maintenance
in accordance with the best practices
and laboratory analyses of potable water
supplied to urban population. The
application of new operation model to
the water supply facilities will cause
operational and service improvement of
this sector. In line with above notes it is
not likely that the level of chlorine in
the water flows supplied to local
population will increase permissible
levels.
Delivery of water to corroded
distribution network due to negligence
of proper proportionate application of
chemical substances?
X
Modern and more reliable construction
materials (polymer pipes etc.) will be
used in the reconstruction of the water
supply and sanitation system which will
ensure proper operation of distribution
86
system and its corrosion resistance.
Unexpected leakage of gas chlorine?
X
Transportation, storage and application
of any chemical substances to be used
for disinfection of potable water will be
carried out in accordance with the
adequate guidelines. The adherence to
such guidelines will prevent any
leakages.
Oversupply of water to the downstream
consumers?
X
According to the current studies
existing water sources used for water
supply are irrelevant, with negligence
for physical-chemical treatment which
causes health risks. The improvement
of water supply and sanitation system
will cause no risk for downstream
consumers.
In addition to the findings in above table for comparison also a semi-quantitative analysis has been
undertaken to further evaluate potential environmental impacts., and Accordingly, “Valued environmental
components” (VEC’s) are determined and ranked according to whether they are “high”, “medium” or “low”
( Table 5.2). Each of the environmental components identified in the Table has been identified during the
consultations or as a result of technical analysis. Valued environmental components that are valued as
“high” are those that are broadly important across society. VEC’s that are ranked as “medium” are those that
are important at a community level, but are of limited significance at a wider level. VEC’s that are ranked as
“low” are significant at a localised level1
The table evaluates the significance of potential impacts with respect to each VEC. The “significance of
potential environmental effects” is ranked based on the intrinsic potential of the identified potential effects to
impact the VEC’s. As identified in the Table, the potential significance of possible project effects is ranked
as “high” for most of the VEC’s that are highly valued. However, the significance of project impacts on land
use is considered to be “medium” since the amount of land in question is limited, some future land uses
would be enhanced (and development costs lowered) by facility development and specific alternate land
uses have not been proposed.
The significance of potential project effects on VEC’s ranked as “medium” varies. In some cases, potential
project effects are ranked as “high” and in other cases as “medium”. This recognises that the project may
have effects ranked as “high” or “medium” even though these effects may be on VEC’s that are not
themselves ranked as “high”; these effects will be important to address to ensure that the project does not
disadvantage the communities in which facilities are located. The project has only “low” potential with
1 The identification and priority assigned to a VEC has been informed by the public consultations that took
place in June 2010.
87
respect to the location of reservoirs and treatment plant facilities to impact property values, however, since
Shabran community is located in a distance from the proposed site.
VEC’s ranked as “low” are those that are relevant at the scale of individual property owners and users of the
land on which proposed facilities are proposed to be located. Notwithstanding that they are considered as
“low” from the perspective of society as a whole, they may be of the highest importance to the individuals
and their families who depend on the proposed site locations for their livelihood. Potential project impacts
on VEC’s at this level are “high”, since the project has potential to seriously disrupt both the livelihoods of
those who use the land as well as the amenity values they associate with the land.
Table 5.2 also identifies the availability of mitigation measures. As indicated in the table, mitigation
measures are available to address all potential negative effects identified during the period of the preparation
of this document.
Mitigation measures may be at the level of facility siting, design, construction and operation, and may
include physical, financial, institutional or other measures. An environmental monitoring plan will ensure
that all measures are appropriately undertaken and that required environmental standards are maintained.
This will document the nature and frequency of the monitoring required. For the WWTP site, environmental
monitoring will include a schedule for regular monitoring for key indicators of contamination.
Check points, terms of selection of samples of waste water and main indicators of its content are defined in
each specific case at designing and they are specified at operation of irrigation systems in agreement with
local control bodies.
Analysis of content of sludge of waste water is conducted before use of it . Background content of heavy
metals in soil isn’t high and sludge meets demands for irrigation use on fields.
During the treatment process environmental quality standards should be followed. Treated waste waters can
be used for irrigation or discharged to local drainage canal. Salty waters from irrigation fields enter into
collector. Sometimes high amount of pesticides enter into collector.
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 88
Table 5.2 :Valued Environmental Components and Potential Negative Effects
VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS AVAILABILITY OF
MITIGATION MEASURES Priority Environmental Component Potential Negative Project Effects Potential Significance of
Effect*
Construction Phase Phase
High Ground and surface water Pollution of ground and surface water High Measures available
Land Use Long term reduction of choices for land development at
the area
Medium Measures available
Natural habitat Disturbance of the natural habitat due to construction
related noise, dust, non-seasonal works, unprocessed
residues and etc.
Loss of natural areas due to construction works.
Medium
Low
Measures available
Measures not avaiilable
Flora and fauna Earthworks, operation of machines, noise and etc.;
Losses or degradations during and after construction
works, non-seasonal works, change of ecological
situation etc.
Medium Measures available
Drinking water quality Pollution of drinking water sources High Measures available
Cultural heritage Loss of cultural heritage Medium Measures available
Public health Injury from use of harmful substances in construction
(paints with heavy metal, lead compositions), asbestos-
cement slabs, inflammable and toxic materials etc.)
High Measures available
Air quality Dust, gases/aerosol associated with construction (toxic
gasses discharged by construction machineries, wind
blown construction materials etc.)
Medium Measures available
Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of construction
wastes
Low Landfill for disposal of wastes
is not available
Traffic/construction vehicle
impacts
Increased level of truck/construction vehicle traffic in
communities
Medium Measures available
Odour, dust and noise impacts
from construction activities
Odour, dust and noise impact at staff and off-site receptors Medium Measures available
Medium Environmental pollution form
WWTP
Environmental pollution due to improper sludge operation
or discharge of industrial wastewater into public sewage
system
Low Measures available
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 89
VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS AVAILABILITY OF
MITIGATION MEASURES Priority Environmental Component Potential Negative Project Effects Potential Significance of
Effect*
Socio-economic stability Inability of local communities to pay for services High Measures available
Public health Health risks from unprocessed wastes;
Use of harmful substances by users of the WSS system
(paints with heavy metal, lead compositions, toxic
materials etc.)
High Measures available
Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of sludge;
Possibility of erosion related to wastewater discharge;
High Measures available
Flooding of sewage system Production of wastewater flows which surpass design
capacity of domestic sewage system as a result of increase
of water supply
High Measures available, except that
landfill for disposal of wastes
is not available
Odour impacts from wastewater
treatment plant site activities
Odour impacts on nearby properties High Measures available
Reduction of land in productive
agricultural use
Reduced land availability for grazing and crops Medium Measures available
Limitations on future
development
Reduction of development options (reservoirs, WWTP
area)
High Measures available
Limitations on future
development
Reduction of development options (reservoirs, WWTP
area)
High Measures available
Environmental pollution form
WWTP construction
Soil, air and/or water pollution from improper storage of
construction materials
Medium Measures avaiilable
Operational Phase
High Socio-economic stability Inability of community to pay for facilities High Measures available
Reduction in property values Low Measures available
Public health Health risks from sludge disposed as waste High Landfill to protect public
health from health risks
related to waste not avaiilable
Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of sludge
High Landfill to protect soil quality
from contamination related to
waste not avaiilable
Possibility of soil erosion related to wastewater
discharge;
Medium Measures available
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 90
VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS AVAILABILITY OF
MITIGATION MEASURES Priority Environmental Component Potential Negative Project Effects Potential Significance of
Effect*
Flooding of sewage system Production of wastewater flows which surpass design
capacity of domestic sewage system as a result of increase
of water supply
High Measures availableMeasures
available, except that landfill
for disposal of wastes is not
available
Odour impacts from wastewater
treatment plant site activities
Odour impacts on nearby properties High Measures available
Reduction of land in productive
agricultural use
Reduced land availability for grazing and crops Medium Measures available
Reduction in local property
values.
Loss of investment value by residents Low
Measures available
Medium Limitations on future
development
Reduction of development options (reservoirs, WWTP
area)
High Measures available
Visual impact Unsightliness of treatment facilities Low/medium Measures available
Employment/livelihood Loss of traditional employment/livelihood High Measures available
Low Amenity value Loss of amenity value adjacent to treatment facilities Low Measures available
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 91
Chemical composition of water is heavy salts of sulphate- nitrogen - magnesium. Average salinity of
collector waters makes up 6q/l. BOD, ammonium , and other chemicals exceed allowed concentrations.
Chemical composition of the collector waters is given in Table 5.3-
Table 5.3 Chemical composition of the collector waters
N İon content, mg/ek Dry
res
Type pH
Element NCO3 CL SO4 Ca Mg Na
Concentration 7.30 16.60 51.10 10.00 19.00 46.10 5.400 sulphate-
nitrogen -
magnesium
7.2
If treated waste water s won’t impact negatively to the flora and fauna of collector. As collector is heavily
polluted discharge of treated waters may improve slowly its environmental condition.
5.4 Data Evaluation
The information basis for the EIA differs according to the specific assessments that have been required..
In first turn archive materials have been used to get basic information about physical- geographic conditions
of Shabran region, environmental situation, water resources , their use and protections and etc.
The project feasibility document provides the main information about existing situation and proposed project
activities.
Documentary information has been supported by a series of field trips. have been organized. During the
trips, based on the existing information provided by the relevant organizations, visual monitoring and
opinions of stakeholders additional information about the existing water and sanitation situations, project
needs and its positive and negative impacts was gathered about the existing water and sanitation situations,
project needs and its positive and negative impacts This is based on the existing information provided by the
relevant organizations, visual monitoring and opinions of stakeholders.
Results of discussions with the stakeholders are described ion the Annex IX
During the development of EIA report FS report materials on project activities, its impacts and proposed
environment management procedures have been checked with the national and international standards.
Main data gaps were connected with the lack of long term water resources and waste water quality and
quantity information, water use by different sectors, waste discharges by different economic sectors, and
pollution of water resources , ground waters and soil by waste waters etc.
In spite of this information used can be considered sufficient for the EIA development.
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 92
6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT
Project sites are required for the water reservoirs, pipelines , pumping stations and waste water treatment
facilities. Project sites for reservoirs are primarily determined as a function of least cost associated with
construction, provision of necessary portion of area with required amount of water by gravity. Analysis has
been undertaken to identify the least cost location for each element of construction work. In addition, the
locations proposed for reservoirs and WWTP are municipally-owned lands. Discussions have been held with
local communities to determine specific locations within the community where pipelines for WS and sewage
system can most appropriately be located from the community perspective. The location of the facilities has
been pre-determined based on an extensive analysis of some alternative locations.
At meetings with Rayon staff, gravity systems for water supply were consistently promoted as the preferred
method of supply. The reason given was the simplicity of operation and the additional operating costs from
pumped sources. Alternatives such as groundwater, bore fields were not seen to be viable and made data
collection for non gravity options more
difficult.
Within the scope of the project polyethylene based corrugated pipes will be laid in wastewater network and a
new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the town
center
In formation on reservoirs and other infrastructure is provided below at water supply and waste water
system improvement sections and their locations are illustrated in the relevant annexes to this report(Annexes
I-V)
The following alternatives have been considered during the EIA process:
(i) No Project Scenario
(ii) Water Supply System improvement only
(iii) Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement
6.1. No project Scenario
No project scenario would see continuation of an inefficient and unreliable, water supply system, which has
limited coverage, delivers low pressure supply and has water shortages. With regard to the wastewater
system, the situation will be worsened by the discharge of raw wastewater into the soil, groundwater and
eventually the river network, due to the lack of a WWTP. The socially and environmentally damaging
situation in the rayon will be further exacerbated, the risks of flooding of the streets and houses will be
raised. Pollution of soils, air quality (bad odor), damage to the flora and fauna will occur, surface and
groundwater will be seriously impacted. This situation is very undesirable, especially with the ongoing high
growth rate of the population and development of new business enterprises in the region (Table 6.1).
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 93
Table 6.1. Population Figures that will be used in Design Studies(Is taken from FS)
Year
Rounded Shabran Population Values for Design Purposes
Water Supplied (Surra
and Sincanboyat
Included)
Sewerage Served (Surra
Included)
Wastewater Treatment
(Surra Included)
2009 23,595 23,006 23,006
2015 25,200 24,600 24,600
2020 26,500 25,900 25,900
2025 27,500 26,800 26,800
2030 28,100 27,400 27,400
Source: the Feasibility Study of Shabran WSS Project, 2010
With the population growth rate shown above, water demand, and consequently waste water production will
considerably increase over the years.
6.2. Water Supply System Improvement Scenario
According to the Feasibility Study, the average daily water consumption is estimated as 52.2 l/s for the
design purpose. This estimate includes water use by households, entities, stock feeding, industry etc. The
current water losses in the system will be eliminated in the improved water supply system. The following
water supply options have been analyzed:
Alternative 1: Upgrading the supply from 2nd
Baku Water Transmission Line.
Shabran rayon centre extends eastwards from the flank of a range of low hills to the lower plains. The
highest point is approximately 90 masl, the lowest 0 masl. The Baku II Water Transmission Line passes
through the main urban area at about 42 masl. This allows a significant area of the town to be supplied by
gravity from Reservoir-1 which is supplied directly from the Baku II Water Transmission Line. The upper
levels are supplied from water pumped to reservoirs and delivered to consumers by gravity.
There are three water supply zones in Shabran as a result of topographical requirements. These are
respectively:
1- Zone-1 (elevations < 20 m)
2- Zone-2 (20 m – 50 m)
3- Zone-3 (50 m – 90 m)
Water requirements of Zone-1 will be supplied from Reservoir-1. Since at this point taking water from Baku
II channel is available, there is still an existing pumping station supplying water to the city and there is a
proper location for construction of a new reservoir, this place is selected for the location of the new reservoir.
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 94
Similarly, because of the landslide risk at the higher elevations, the area at the North-West of the city near
the graveyard deemed to be proper for the other two reservoirs.
The proposed water distribution system of Shabran is supplied from the reservoirs by only gravity which
means that the required pressure in the network will be obtained by difference of elevations without water
extraction directly from force mains.
Alternative 2: Sourcing water from the stilling basin at the head of the Tahtakorpu – Ceyranbatan canal:
Shabran rayon centre is located 2 kilometers to the north of the valley of the Tahtakorpu reservoir. The
Tahtakorpu – Ceyranbatan canal begins at the stilling basin of the tail water from the hydropower plant of the
Tahtakorpu reservoir. It is possible to supply water by gravity from the basin, via the water treatment plant
located about 1.3 km from the basin. Treated water can then be delivered by gravity to Reservoir—1 in the
town near Baku II Water Transmission Line to supply water to the Pressure Zone-1.
Reservoir-2 is supplied by Pumping Station–3 which is located near the Water Treatment Plant and taking
water from a 100 m3 balancing reservoir. There are 3 (2+1) pumps in this pumping station each having 15
kW power. Discharge through one pump is 29 l/s and the pressure rise is 32 m. Pumping Station -2,
supplying water to Reservoir -3 from Reservoir -2. Discharge of each pump is 7 l/s with 42 m pressure
increase. There are also 3 (2+1) pumps in this pumping station each having is 5.5 kW power.
Construction of the Tahtakorpu reservoir and canal system has been ongoing for more than 10 years. A
significant reduction in funds due to the 2007 financial crisis further delayed construction. This has pushed
the completion date of the project to 2014. If this happens the ability to use water from the Tahtakorpu
reservoir will be seriously compromised.
A comprehensive costing and assessment of the alternative proposals for each of the water sources was
conducted. Due to the vastly improved layout of the redesigned distribution system operating costs of both
options are similar. The main criteria influencing the economic choice of options was the relatively high cost
of constructing and operating a water treatment plant using water sourced from the Tahtakorpu reservoir.
Based on the above considerations ,the first option is environmentally preferred for the project water supply
system. because it minimizes the need for new transmission line infrastructure that would disturb natural,
manmade and social environments; the environmental impacts (including socio-economic impacts) of water
distribution are judged to be similar for the two options. In both options, the supply of water would be from
facilities that will in any case exist, thus minimizing environmental impacts associated with
construction/operation of water extraction facilities. However, the delay and uncertainty associated with
water supply under option 2 will certainly have significant negative socio-economic impacts in Shabran.
This recommendation, however, is subject to verification of the structural integrity of the Baku II Canals; this
verification must be undertaken and if there the structural integrity of the canal cannot be demonstrated it
may be necessary to proceed with option 1, above, in which case other recommendations in this document
will require review and adjustment. This canal was completed in the early 1960’s with a design capacity of
2.73 m3/sec capacity. Communication with staff of the rayon and Azersu suggests that no regular
WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010
EIA SCOPING STUDY 95
maintenance has been undertaken. Measurements of flow rates over time have not been found making it
impossible to assess the capacity and determine water losses from the system. This should be taken into
account by the detailed design work which should envision back up arrangements between this and Baku I
canal in case of any breach or supply interruption on Baku II canal.
Ground water mostly meets the limiting values of EU Council Directive 98/83/EC without treatment The
water quality in the Baku II water transmission line has been analyzed and results show that sample meets
EU, Azeri and WHO standards (see Annex VI).
For the selected option there also some other requirements. Work to construct the offtake should be carefully
designed during the detailed design phase and carefully constructed, paying close attention to the need to
avoid damage to the riparian habitat.
Main environmental impact of the construction and operation work envisioned in the project are described in
the Chapter 5 and list of potential negative impact is given in the Table 5.1
The widening of the access road through the uplands is relatively straightforward for most of its length, as it
is flanked by disturbed ground with sparse vegetation. The work in the wooded habitat and vegetation will
create some environmental problems including damage to topsoil; to tree roots; water pollution; erosion
and soil; and etc Full adherence to good site practice should be ensured, as well as storage and handling of
fuels and oils to avoid contamination.
There will be temporary disturbance during construction of the reservoir and intake infrastructure, as well
as for the areas along the pipeline routes to the reservoirs but this is not expected to be significant (see
Chapter 5 for details). Location of the reservoir is given in the Annex IV
If sewage system will not be improved, the situation will continue to worsen from social – economic and
environmental point of view. With the anticipated increased water demand by 2030, the amount of waste
water will increase accordingly, which will further aggravate the environmental situation.
6.3. Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement
Two options for improvement of sewage system in Shabran have been analyzed.
Option 1: Rehabilitation and use of the existing waste water pipelines and wastewater treatment
lagoon.
Improving the existing sewerage system by extensions and replacement of sections causing problems has
been evaluated. As also mentioned in the existing sewerage system description, 18 km of sewerage system
has been constructed since 2006, which is poorly designed. Using whole or some part of the existing system
can be evaluated as a variant. Since the existing main trunk is buried to an invert depth of 1,2 m and the
secondary lines to an invert depth of 0,8 m, there is no chance to make the correct house connections to the
lines. In addition, the pipes of the new water distribution network are designed to be buried to 1 m depth, and
shall be vertically minimum 0,5 m higher than the sewer pipe according to the design criteria. For these
reasons, the situation of the existing sewerage system leads to high risk of drinking water contamination and
low chance for correct house connections. The wastewater lagoon does not provide a level of treatment that
is protective of the environment, and while rehabilitation may improve performance it will not result in
protection of the receiving environment from pollutants in the wastewater.
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EIA SCOPING STUDY 96
Option 2: Construction of new sewage system and waste water treatment plant.
Option 2 is to construct a new sewage system and wastewater treatment facility. This will result in a
wastewater collection network that is properly dimensioned, something that will bring positive socio-
economic benefits to the community over the long term as compared to the above alternative where proper
performance of the existing wastewater collection service cannot be achieved because of design
shortcomings, resulting in serious negative socio-economic impacts in the community as a result of
inadequate collection of wastewater.
Construction of a new wastewater treatment facility that is designed to treat water to specified standards will
result in protection of the receiving natural environment, and will also bring socio-economic benefits through
greater protection of community health as a result of achievement of high levels of sanitation. The siting of
the wastewater treatment plant allows for sewage collection via gravity flow; this will remove the need for
use of hazardous materials that would be associated with pumping stations and other facilities and equipment
if gravity flow was not feasible..
Under this option, the new WWTP will be provided with modern equipment which will ensure treatment of
the waste waters in accordance with international standards ( EU Directive 91/271/EEC requirements are
given in Annex IV). Treated wastewaters will be discharged to a drainage canal or will be used for
irrigation Where treated wastewaters are discharged, an improved situation will be achieved in the receiving
watercourses and adjacent areas currently adversely affected by polluted untreated wastewaters. The
removal of large organic loadings by the treatment system will also contribute to a reduction in polluting
loadings within the Caspian Sea catchment. Where use of treated wastewater for irrigation is feasible, this
will result in a significant positive socio-economic impact for the local agricultural community.
The sludge generated in the WWTW will be disposed of in accordance with the EU Directive, see Annex VI,
VIII for the monitoring standards and requirements. As Shabran is a semi-rural catchment with no heavy
industries discharging to the sewer network, the sludge should be suitable for disposal to agricultural lands..
Waste water transportation secondary alternatives
The sewerage collected at North West edge of the Shabran presents two technical alternatives in order to
transfer the collected wastewater into the treatment plant. The first one is to construct a gravity line with a
total length of 4,5 km. The second one is to construct a pumping station and pump the sewage collected in
that area to a higher elevation spot in the sewerage network with a pipe line of having length 1,7 km.
The wastewater treatment plant option has been evaluated from the point of economy
and operability of process alternatives.
It seems that if relevant environmental regulations are followed then the proposed option has lesser
environmental impact as in this case length of sewer line will be 3 times lesser
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EIA SCOPING STUDY 97
7. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS
This activity is aimed at informing of identified stakeholders and other interested parties of proposed project
components, presents stakeholders with the opportunity to voice both their positive opinions and their
concerns and to enable these issues to be addressed in the EIA and incorporated into the project design. This
includes stakeholder consultation and technical analyses.
Stakeholder Consultations Stakeholder issues relevant to the EIA have been identified through a consultative
process.. Stakeholder consultations have therefore been integral to the design of the EIA, and the issues
identified through these consultations have been an important input into the identification of issues to be
addressed by the EIA. All stakeholder consultations have been undertaken in Azeri. Where non-Azeri
consultants have participated in consultations, their comments have been translated into Azeri in order to
allow all discussions to be undertaken in Azeri.
Not all stakeholders have been involved in the consultations associated with project preparation.
Accordingly, additional stakeholder consultations have been undertaken during this scoping phase for the
specific purpose of identifying and clarifying issues, and particularly issues concerning those:
Who live near sites that are proposed for new WSS facilities
Who have specialist technical or scientific knowledge relevant to the proposed WSS system
Whose work is relevant to the proposed WSS system.
Section 4 presents details of the consultation process.
Technical Analysis While the issues identified by stakeholders are key to the overall presentation of issues
in this document, they are limited to the extent that the knowledge of stakeholders concerning the new WSS
system is limited. Thus, during the consultation process it has been clear that the ability of stakeholders to
identify issues has, to a degree, been limited by their knowledge of modern WSS systems. Technical
analysis has therefore been undertaken to determine whether there might be issues additional to those
identified by stakeholders that should be addressed by the EIA, even though they might not have been
identified by stakeholders, or may not have been prioritized by stakeholders. Technical analysis
complements the stakeholder consultations.
Table 1 identifies the stakeholders with whom consultations have been undertaken. As indicated in the
Table, stakeholders fall into two categories:
Public stakeholders. These stakeholders are members of the public in general on whom the project
may be anticipated to have an impact. At the broadest level, these stakeholders include all members of
the public that will be served by the project, and who will benefit from it. However, some public
stakeholders may be more greatly impacted by the project because they live in proximity to proposed
project facilities. These stakeholders may be expected to identify a range of issues that is different to
those that would be identified to other public stakeholders.
Special interest stakeholders. These stakeholders have interests in the project because they have either
specialist knowledge relevant to the project or because their work in some way is relevant to, or is
impacted by, the project. These stakeholders may identify issues relevant to the EIA as a result of
either their work or their knowledge.
In this project, stakeholders are those affected by the proposed WSS facilities, and those who have the ability
to influence, positively or negatively, the course and outcome of the project. The range of stakeholders
relevant to this document is reflected in Table 1.
The list of all stakeholders that have been consulted is provided in Annex A.
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EIA SCOPING STUDY 98
Table 1 identifies the consultation mechanisms selected to identify issues associated with the various
stakeholders, and also identifies the status of the consultations.
Technical meetings and interviews with staff from different local government units have been undertaken on
an on-going basis. During the meetings, discussions were held on technical and managerial levels and an
accurate picture about the current WSS system was developed, together with common understandings of
options and issues associated with potential future actions. A clear picture was made about the rating of
water management skills and the rate of satisfaction of the public about WSS services. The wishes and
concerns of the residents were also raised during the meetings. In most cases and after the meeting a field
visit was made to water intake facilities, pipelines locations, pumping stations, reservoirs and sewage
facilities and information was obtained about the problems of each site.
Consultation and planning workshops were undertaken during the preparation of this document. As
identified in Table 7.1, these included consultation with municipal and village councils, and with government
agencies.
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Table 7.1
Stakeholders and Consultation Mechanism
STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION MECHANISM STATUS OF CONSULTATION
Public Stakeholders
Affected People Interviews with affected people Interviews have been
conducted as part of EIA
study in communities where
new water intake facilities,
pipelines, pumping stations,
reservoirs and treatment
facilities will be located
Wider Community Information to be supplied to the
media and the general public to
be invited to submit comments.
Meetings have been
conducted with the
representatives of local radio
and newspapers during which
they received needed
information, which was later
spread by them in their news
canals, including newspapers
and radios
Community Leaders Interviews of directly affected
communities; meetings with
community leaders
Workshops held; interview
conducted in communities
where new reservoirs and
treatment facilities will be
located; meetings held with
community leaders
Special Interest Stakeholders
Non-Governmental
Organisations
Round Table meeting
Scoping Workshop
Round Table meeting and
Scoping Workshop held
Municipalities and
Village Councils
Technical meetings, Consultation
and Planning Workshops
Consultation and planning
workshops held
Media Media relations strategy required Representatives of media
have been involved into EIA
process. They participated in
discussions, public meeting
and spread obtained materials
through their publication in
local newspaper and also via
local radio
Academics and
Researchers
Round Table meeting, Scoping
Workshop
Meeting and Scoping
Workshop held
Government
Ministries/Agencies
Consultation and Planning
Workshops
Round Table Meeting
Consultation and Planning
Workshops held; Round
Table Meeting held
Private sector Meetings with representatives of
relevant sectors/companies
Meetings with
representatives of relevant
sectors/companies held
International
Organisations/Donors
Consultation and
Round Table meeting
Consultation and Round
Table Meeting held
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A round table meeting was held on 07 June, 2010 and hosted by the Executive Power of Shabran region.
Representatives of different agencies, Amelioration JSC, Azersu , MoE and NGOs attended and their
concerns were also reported. The meeting was solely dedicated for defining the scope of the EIA..
A Scoping Workshop was conducted on 08 June, 2010 and attended by 28 participants representing different
institutions. During that session the findings of previous consultations (by Gauff and Temelsu JV) were
presented and additional comments and suggestions were received. Communities adjacent to the Proposed
Project area have been identified at the meeting and are listed in Table 7.2
Table 7.2.
Communities Adjacent to the Proposed Project Facilities
COMMUNITY LOCATION POPULATION
Surra village Adjacent to the proposed reservoirs
and Water supply pipes
430
Shabran city Adjacent to a proposed water supply
and sanitation system
6040
Surra village Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
415
Sinjanbayat village Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
400
Garabagh IDPs
area
Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
280
All interviews were conducted on 16th of June 2010 in Shabran city and the nearby communities (Surra,
Sinjanbayat, Garabagh IDPs camp area etc ) adjacent to the proposed facilities.
During the selection of the population sample for interview purposes, consideration was given to the
economic situation of the family, and to the distance to the facilities to be constructed. The objectives of the
surveys were to:
Share information about the project and the proposed construction work.
Identify important interests and concerns at the local level.
Identify potentially affected individuals, groups and publics.
Identify community concerns about the construction work.
Understand the values about the environment held by individuals/groups that might be affected by the
project.
Meetings with municipality members in these communities were also carried out, as possible, to understand
concerns and issues that they may have.
a. PRINCIPAL ISSUES
The principal concerns raised during the consultation process were:
Potential for odor, insects, dust and noise impacts from site activities;
Compensation measures to be taken by the Authorities for temporary loss of land in productive use;
Reduction in local property values;
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Impacts on ground and surface water;
Limitations for expansion of villages in the future; and
Aesthetic distortion (e.g. visual impacts).
These issues were highlighted by most of the people interviewed.
Other issues that were highlighted during the consultations include:
Training and public awareness;
Financial sustainability;
Detection and control of hazardous waste waters;
Waste water collection, treatment, utilization or discharge to the sea;
Health and safety;
Social and economic impacts; and
Compensation of directly affected communities through the project itself by incentives.
As indicated above, the project team has considered the issues that have been raised during the consultations
and has assessed the identified issues in the context of the overall scope of the proposed project. The purpose
of this assessment has been to determine whether there are additional issues that should be considered by the
EIA even though they may not have been specifically identified by stakeholders during the consultations. As
a result of this assessment, it has been concluded that in addition to the potential impacts identified through
the consultations, the EIA study should also address review of the potential positive and negative impacts
associated with the proposed project on:
Land use;
Cultural heritage;
Traffic
Public health;
Local employment; and
General issues associated with sitting of treatment plant
The stakeholders support the proposed WSS project. The issues raised by the stakeholders are reasonable
concerns that should be addressed by the EIA study, and the recommendations of the EIA study should be
integrated into the design of project implementation. However, as identified above, stakeholder knowledge
of potential positive and negative impacts associated with the project is incomplete and issues additional to
those identified by the stakeholders should be considered by the EIA.
Stakeholder Meeting in Shabran Rayon
The public meeting in Shabran took place on June 08 2010 and was chaired by the head of coordination
commission created jointly with representatives of relevant agencies and organizations of the rayon and also
Project Implementing Unit (PIU) crated by the Amelioration JSC for the NWSS project and chaired by the
Deputy Head of Shabran.
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Figure 1. Mr. Israfil Ibadov(in the middle) gives the floor to Mr. Panah Abdullayev(In the Left) to present the
project
The agenda of the meeting included brief welcoming speech by the Head of the Commission (Mr. Israfil
Ibadov) and Representative of PCU (Mr. Panah Abdullayev). They informed attendance about the aim and
importance of realization of the project.
Then Rafig Verdiyev, representative of Eptisa and Prof. Farda Imanov, Representative of Hydrometeorology
Consulting Company, informed participants about the aim of the Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment process, and issues to be included into its scope during the project implementation.
Participants then requested to participate actively in discussions and identify their suggestions to be included
into list of issues of environmental and social concern and to be taken into consideration in the development
of Environment Management Plans to minimize negative project impacts.
Figure 2. Group of stakeholders discussing EIA priorities
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First the floor was taken by Mr. Israfil Mikayilov, who said that recently gas line construction work had been
carried in the major streets of the region. He stated that although the project had ended, asphalt had not been
replaced / restored and as result many inconveniences had been created, including dust, barrier for movement
of transport and others. In this regard, he expressed hope that the work on installation of water pipelines will
be carried out fully and all issues will be given due consideration.
Mr Mikayiilov was informed by the project team that the Environment Management Plan fully will address
relevant issues to make negative impact minimum. Existing international and national norms will be followed
in this regards.
Then Mr. Tofig Khalilov informed that how the construction process will avoid damaging of communication
lines. Mr. Israfil Mikayilov informed him that there is agreed scheme to route water supply pipelines where
all issues related to crossing of communication lines are taken into consideration.
Mr Atabala Javadov said that as local specialists know local situation better than others there is need to use
their potential during the construction process. It was agreed to take this comment into consideration.
Figure 3. Women discussing issues with Mr Panah Abdullayev
The second question was if water will be enough for all. It was noted that as the project considers different
development options and increases in population there wouldn’t be any water scarcity problem.
The third issue was about the concern of Mr. Javadov on the absence of centralized irrigation water supply
system and facilities, which is results in use of drinking water for irrigation purposes. This concern was
accepted to deliver to decision makers for further consideration.
Mr Suleyman Almammadov asked when project will start. In response he was informed that in the end of the
year the tender process on construction work will be initiated.
Mr Samir Gulaliyev asked if the already-started sewage system will be used as part of the new project. He
was informed that it will be checked and decisions will be made on that basis
In response to question of Mr. Javadov about the type of pipelines to be used it was noted that there will be
plastic pipeline.
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Participants also expressed their wish to install water meters to carry proper calculation of amount of water
used by households. By common opinion use of water meters will prevent need for an increase in water use
tariffs.
Areas of Shabran city and nearby communities (Surra, Sinjanbayat, Garabagh IDPs camp area etc ) adjacent
to the proposed facilities have been identified to be affected by project. Representatives of the population of
these communities have been interviewed. The communities to be directly affected by the project activities
are listed in Table 7. 3.
Table 7-3 Communities Adjacent to the Proposed WSS Facilities
Community Location Population
Surra village Adjacent to the proposed reservoirs
and Water supply pipes
430
Shabran city Adjacent to a proposed water supply
and sanitation system
21400
Surra village Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
415
Sinjanbayat village Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
400
Garabagh IDPs
area
Adjacent to a proposed water supply
pipes
280
The list of participants of public consultation meeting on Shabran rayon WSS project, held on June 08 2010
is given in ANNEX X.
7.2 Presentation of the Draft EIA Report
Information on public discussion of the draft EIA report for Shabran and WSS projects was held on October
22 2010.. This meeting was advertised 15 day before this date and most of stakeholders have been contacted
by the local executive authorities regarding the participation of the event. Further information regarding the
meeting is presented in Annex XI.
The recommendations of the draft EIA were presented to the meeting. There were no negative responses to
the draft report, or its recommendations. However, participants did raise issues that were raised in the earlier
consultations in June 2010 and which have been addressed in the EIA report. This points to the need for a
proper monitoring of the mitigation measures set out in this document in order ensure that mitigation
measures are appropriately implemented.
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8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
From the above description of environmental impacts the list of key aspects associated with the Project
activities is identified and described in Table 8-1 below.
Table 8-1 Environmental Aspects
Project Component Environmental Aspects
Construction Temporary removal of habitat for sewer pipeline construction
Renovation and construction of existing steel water delivery mains
Potential polluted run-off and spillage of untreated wastewater during
sewer renovation
Pedestrian, vehicle and community safety
Procurement and delivery of construction materials
Use, maintenance and repair of equipment and machinery
Air and noise pollution from preparation of construction Materials such as
bitumen, asphalt and concrete.
Extraction/purchase of sands and gravels for earthworks
Construction yard for equipment and machinery
Waste and hazardous materials management
Construction of new reservoirs for water supply
Service disruption (electricity, telecoms, water)
Disruption to irrigation and drainage infrastructure
Soil management issues during pipe laying
Construction of new WWTP works on a new site
Operation Operation of the water and wastewater networks
Sludge disposal
Community safety
Induced development
Air and noise quality
Use of maintenance machinery and equipment
Storm water management
Wastewater discharge
Accidental (Non-
Routine) Events
Spills and leaks
Inappropriate waste or sludge disposal
Sewer flushing due to blockage
These aspects and proposed mitigation measures are discussed below.
GEOLOGY AND SOILS
Construction phase
Hazardous material
Spills of fuel, oil and other liquids have the potential to cause contamination of soil and groundwater. The
Contractor shall implement measures to contain such spills and avoid contamination as much as possible.
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However, it is possible that some contamination may occur and the Contractor will be required to implement
remediation measures in accordance with project and national requirements.
Soil erosion
The area is susceptible to surface erosion, especially after heavy rain, therefore efforts will be made to
reduce the potential for soil erosion during construction activities. Temporary berms will be constructed
where necessary to control any run-off to prevents rills or gulleys forming or soil wash out to surface water
features. Correct ground works and compaction will be specified in the contract documentation to prevent
soil erosion.
Waste management
Inert, solid waste (metals, asphalt chunks, rocks, concrete, gravel, sand and etc.) will be generated during
drilling well and pipeline installation operations. The replacement and installation of water distribution pipes
in the town will include removal of asphalt surface and importation of suitable padding and backfill (eg sand)
as well as backfilling using suitable excavated material. Repair of paved roads and walkways and asphalt
surfaces will also be required.
Solid wastes generated in construction sites and during the construction of pipelines and sewer drains will be
transported by the construction contractor. Transportation and disposal of such waste will be agreed with the
local executive authority and regional department of MENR, as necessary.
The construction works will generate hazardous waste, such as used oils, solvents and other construction
waste, which will be required to be disposed of. However, there is no licensed hazardous waste disposal
facility in the region (and in fact this is a problem nationally) and therefore it will be necessary to arrange an
appropriate containment or disposal place in agreement with MENR and the regional officials. The EMP
allows for the cost of this item and it can be managed by the municipality, as per the agreement with
Amelioration JSC.
Parts of the existing water supply and sanitation network may have been constructed using asbestos
containing material (ACM), which will require careful handling during its removal. Measures compliant to
good health and safety practice will need to be employed, including appropriate PPE for workers, dampening
down of any material that may be abraded or otherwise generate potentially inhalable dust particles and
appropriate containment prior to its storage at an approved/agreed secure facility.
A construction yard needs to be created, for laydown of plant and material, maintenance of machinery and
prefabrication of infrastructure components. All construction sites will be managed as follows:
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• Boundaries of construction sites will be marked beforehand and signs will be erected warning
people not to enter or dump garbage;
• Metal wastes will be collected and taken to metal processing companies;
• Construction debris (sand, soil, rocks) will be re-used as an additional material for filling deep
trenches when needed and where suitable. If not needed, they will be taken to city dumping-
grounds, as agreed with local environmental/planning authorities;
• Removed asphalt debris will be taken to bitumen factories for recycling, egg at the asphalt
plant
• Speed limits will be set for all trucks operating within the town; this will be important for
those transporting waste.
Operational phase
No adverse effects are anticipated as a result of normal operations, as the wastewater will be treated to EU
standards prior to its discharge, which is a distinct improvement from the current situation, which sees no
functioning wastewater treatment. Discussions are ongoing regarding the treatment of the final effluent, as
under the Soviet system, chlorination of effluent (for disinfection) was the norm. However, disinfection is
not the norm in Europe and in fact the addition of chlorine is a biological hazard to the aquatic ecosystems to
which the effluent will be discharged. It would be preferable to use ultraviolet (UV) radiation or rely on
natural exposure to UV to reduce bacteria loadings in the final effluent. The recommendation to use UV has
been made strongly in this EIA and also in discussions with Amelioration JSC, who are very supportive of
this approach and the intention is to implement this.
AIR QUALITY
Construction phase
It will be the responsibility of the construction management to schedule construction activities and to apply
best practices for dust control, to minimize occurrences of excessive dust concentrations in sensitive
neighboring areas and at the worksite. It will be the responsibility of the construction management to apply
best practices for reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, wherever feasible. Aspects such as a
reduction of idle driving, selection of new equipment where possible and maintenance of all machinery and
engines should be encouraged.
Operational phase
Adverse air quality effects are not predicted during operation, due to the nature of the project. All machinery
will either be new and/or will be maintained according to the manufacturer’s service programme.
Furthermore, significant noxious odours are only typically generated from a WWTP in the vicinity of
pumping operations, where an aerosol effect is produced or when sewage has gone septic due to operational
problems. All the main potential locations where noxious odour could be generated will be housed and
ventilated. In addition, there are no sensitive receptors nearby to the operating facility, which is located at the
edge of town well away from residential areas.
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NOISE
Construction phase
The nature and extent of the works, particularly those involving replacement of the water distribution system
will result in noise and disturbance to local residents. Amelioration JSC will ensure that the contractor
minimizes disruption and noise, by inter alia, liaising with residents. It must also be noted that the residents
are supportive of the project, as it will result in provision of a reliable, constant water supply and will
therefore generally be tolerant of disruption to some extent.
According to the Azerbaijan standards allowable noise level should be 65 dBA in daytime; and 45 dBA at
night-time, which is close to the international standards.
Mitigation
There are three ways to reduce noise emissions: mitigation at the source, mitigation along the path and
mitigation at the receptor. The following examples of construction noise mitigation methods could be
considered during planning of the works and are expected to be a source of guidance to the contractors. In
many cases, the magnitude of the dB reduction can first be ascertained when construction work has begun
and measurements can be made.
Source controls
In general, source controls are the most effective method of mitigating noise. The impact of a noise source is
reduced before it emits offensive noise levels.
Operational phase
Negligible operational noise is anticipated, as the pumping stations will be housed within buildings and the
new WWTP is situated far away from residential housing in a fenced compound and is designed to emit
limited noise.
ECOLOGY AND PROTECTED AREAS
Construction phase
The main potential effects on ecology are associated with water intake; the associated access road upgrade;
construction of the new pipeline route water supply to the town; construction of the new reservoirs
themselves; and construction of the interceptor and new WWTP
The off take and reservoir construction work will have to be carefully designed during the detailed design
phase to avoid damage to the riparian habitat.
The widening of the access road may affect habitats associated, however nothing particularly rare or unusual
is anticipated due to the disturbed nature of the general location, which was until recent years well populated
and farmed by some crops.
The work will need to be undertaken carefully, with good planning (in the detailed design stage) to conserve
topsoil; reduce encroachment and damage to features such as tree roots; avoid water pollution; avoid erosion
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and soil or material run-off; and ensure good reinstatement. Full adherence to good site practice should be
ensured, as well as storage and handling of fuels and oils to avoid contamination.
Protected areas
There are no protected areas potentially affected by the project, although to the south- west of Shabran rayon
Altiagac State reserve exists (see Figure 8.1).
Figure 8.1. Protected area map
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Operational phase
The receiving watercourses and groundwaters currently adversely affected by polluting untreated
wastewaters will be expected to improve considerably and can be expected to see improvements as nutrient
and bacteria levels significantly reduce.
SURFACE AND GROUND WATER
Construction phase
Many of the risks to surface and groundwater are similar to those already covered under the soils section
above and are therefore not repeated here. Due to the nature of the works there is the potential for spillage of
wastewater to ground or watercourse, which is generally poorly treated or untreated and could also lead to
the spread of disease to workers or local residents.
In addition, the wastewater from existing pipelines and sumps will require to be purged. Likely options are to
either empty the wastewater into temporary excavated pits and then remove the material by suction into
septic tanks on sewer trucks or continue to use soakaways until connections to the sewer area made.
Mitigation
Fuel and oil storage
Fuel and oil storage tanks will not be located within 50m of any watercourse, well or dry river bed. Certain
plant and equipment may be required to be maintained in a position closer than 50m from the water course
(and are not able to be relocated just for refuelling) and therefore special measures will be implemented to
avoid spillage of fuels and oils, such as deployment of spill-retaining materials, mobile drip trays and the like
ad specific training given to operators in this regard.
Areas for road tanker parking and delivery shall be hard surfaced (concrete) and drained to an interceptor.
Discharge of rainwater and waste from these areas will be via a treatment system designed to meet the water
discharge standards.
At each site where diesel is delivered and stored, spillage equipment shall be installed to contain any spillage
during loading. Specific drainage requirements, which include oil interceptors, will be put in place at
facilities where diesel is stored and used.
All fuel storage areas will be securely fenced and locked to prevent unauthorized access. Only Refuelling
Operators will be allowed to dispense fuel as set out below. All fuel storage areas will be equipped with an
adequate supply of spill containment materials.
Exceptions to the above are to be made for smaller fuel equipment. Generators will be self-bunded and will
have an integral fuel tank. Refuelling will be undertaken as per the procedures below.
Refuelling will be carried out by the nominated Refuelling Operators who will be specifically trained in the
relevant procedures. Upon arriving at the refuelling areas, the Refuelling Operators will dispense the
required fuel.
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Drip Trays
The use of integral drip trays for generators, tanks and other fixed plant will be will be encouraged
throughout the project.
Individual drip trays will be necessary for temporary secondary containment of materials.
Storage and Use of Chemicals
All chemicals will be stored in designated, locked storage areas, taking care to ensure segregation of
potentially reactive substance (e.g. flammables should not be stored with toxic substances). These areas will
have an enclosed drainage system/bund to avoid contamination. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) will be
provided for all substances and used in project health and safety assessments.
Efforts will be made to avoid and minimize the use of hazardous chemicals during construction where
possible.
Operational phase
The average flow rate in Baku 1 and Baku 2 canals is 4000l/s. With water intake to be 64.6 l/s, no adverse
impact is envisaged on the operation of the canals, other users and the original water source (Shollar springs).
An improved situation in the receiving watercourses and adjacent wetlands currently adversely affected by
polluting untreated wastewaters is expected.
Groundwater impacts
The water resources in the project area include groundwater, which can be expected to benefit from the
reduction in discharge of untreated wastewater.
SOCIAL – CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Construction phase
The main effects on the local community during construction are associated with the considerable disruption
that the works will have within the town through excavation of defunct infrastructure and installation of new
water mains and sewer pipes in the roads and connection of water supply pipes and water meters to
individual properties. The proximity of the works to residents also raises the issue of health and safety, as
well as traffic disruption and interference with access to houses, work places and public buildings such as
hospitals and schools.
There may be land acquisition issues associated with construction of the service reservoirs and the
connecting pipelines, as the infrastructure may cross parcels of privately owned land. Potential land issues
may arise due to permanent restrictions on land use above any buried pipeline or due to temporary
occupation of land during construction. These aspects will all be considered during the detailed design and
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the contractor will be made fully aware of the RPF and RAP policies. The RAP will be developed by
Amelioration JSC once the details of the resettlement aspects are known.
Mitigation
Safety at the work site, both for workers and residents has been discussed at length with Amelioration JSC,
who will ensure that contractors develop and implement safe working practices. The construction contractor
will train its personnel on safety, environment and quality control, as well as implementation of all the safety
rules. Works will be guided by existing laws, sanitary rules and Amelioration JSC work manuals.
The following measures will be taken to protect the health of personnel working in polluted areas:
• Health and safety training will be conducted as part of project induction for all workers;
• All personnel will be supplied with special coveralls and the minimum PPE;
• Personnel working in excavation of polluted soils and collection, loading, transportation and
disposal of sewage waters will be supplied with protective safety glasses, gloves, long rubber
boots and dust masks;
• Mobile shower cabins will be set up for personnel;
• Personnel will pass regular medical check-ups.
• Use of asbestos and other dangerous substances is not planned.
As referenced earlier, impacts on people and their economic activity, public transport and agricultural
activities during construction phase are possible. Construction sites will be divided into sections, works will
be planned according to a schedule prepared beforehand and people and organizations will be notified ahead
of time. Borders of construction sites will be marked, safety boards will be placed, signs regulating
movement of pedestrians and traffic will be erected.
Furthermore, discussions have been held with Amelioration JSC regarding the need to keep residents
informed of planned activities, but also to be receptive to their requirements. Thus contractors will be
required to develop a traffic management plan in consultation with Amelioration JSC and the municipality
and to discuss this at a public meeting prior to start of the works. This should ensure that disruption of
residents is minimized and works are co-ordinated to limit impeded access.
Work with asbestos
The International Labor Organization (ILO) established an Asbestos Convention (C162) in 1986 to promote
national laws and regulations for the “prevention and control of, and protection of workers against, health
hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos. The convention outlines aspects of best practice: Scope
and Definitions, General Principles, Protective and Preventive Measures, Surveillance of the Working
Environment, and Workers’ Health. Some of the ILO asbestos convention requirements:
Work clothing to be provided by employers;
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Double changing rooms and wash facilities to prevent dust from going home on street clothes;
Training of workers about the health hazards to themselves and their families;
Periodic medical examinations of workers,
Periodic air monitoring of the work environment, with records retained for 30 years;
Development of a work plan prior to demolition work, to protect workers and provide for proper waste
disposal; and
Protection from “retaliatory and disciplinary measures” of workers who remove themselves from work
that they are justified in believing presents a serious danger to health.
8.1 Implementation of Mitigation Measures
This section of the report further elaborates on the mitigation measures to address the potential negative
environmental impacts. The impacts, proposed measures and institutional responsibilities are summarized
and tabulated in the environmental management plan (EMP) in Table8.2. It outlines the management
mechanisms (i.e. working arrangements) for how the environmental and social elements of the project will be
managed from detailed design and construction through operation.
The EMP contains environmental requirements which are required for the successful implementation of
mitigation measures, environmental monitoring, emergency measures and environmental auditing to be
carried out during the construction works on the site. The implementation of mitigation measures and
emergency measures shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor will ensure compliance
with all environmental legislation, regulations and conventions. The responsibility for environmental
monitoring lies with the Amelioration JSC and the World Bank.
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Table 8.4 Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
Constructi
on
Air quality
Dust, gases/aerosol
associated with
construction (toxic gasses
discharged by
construction machineries,
wind blown construction
materials etc.)
Dust prevention by watering and other
means;
Transportation of grainy or dusty materials
in the top-coated trucks;
Watering of dust sources;
Transportation of dust producing materials
during calm days (not in the windy days);
Avoid making open fires;
Avoid setting fire on residue grease,
isolation materials, and other substances;
Efficient use of machinery and other
technologies;
Application of adequate construction
methodologies and facilities;
Careful implementation of works in
vulnerable areas.
Provision of water: $10,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Earth
Waste pollution,
especially wastes caused
by construction and
domestic activities;
Material storage, civil
works and other impacts;
Landfill of wastes and
other materials;
Impacts of excavation
works;
Possibility of erosion;
Protection of the surroundings of the
construction site;
Limited works in the vulnerable zones;
Identify adequate areas to store residue
materials, and transportation of all
construction related effluent materials into
the predetermined site;
Control of erosion process;
Provide earth stabilization/green cover over
vertical points and slopes to minimize land
slide risks;
Provision of materials and
cover to prevent landslide
risks: $10,000
Traffic management
signage: $5,000
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
Wastewater.
Prevent discharge of excavated material to
the river beds or lakes;
Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect
excavated spoil material and discharge
somewhere close to the construction site;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest
sewage line, installation of toilets and septic
tanks.
Topsoil
Damage to the topsoil
resulting from material
storage, excavation
works, temporary roads
etc.
Loss of topsoil during
excavation;
Flushing of topsoil and
soil erosion due to
polluted water streams;
Adequate design works and selection of
proper route to minimize impact on the
topsoil;
Usage of excavated soil material for the
agriculture purposes;
Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible
after the completion of the construction
works;
Discharge of materials to the predetermined
areas by secondary routs;
Measures against land slides
Storage of toxic materials and effluents in
the safe and predetermined areas, its
provision with drainage waters, and
processing where necessary;
Standards applied, including soil erosion
prevention by good soil practice and
drainage control. Good soil conservation
measures and effective reins to prevent
future erosion and soil loss.
Proper storage of toxic
materials/effluents: $12,500
Measures against landslides
addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
Water
resources
and waste
waters
Pollution of surface and
groundwater sources due
to domestic and
construction effluents,
including harmful
residues, leakage of fuel
and other oil related
products;
Blockage of surface and
groundwater filtration and
creation of stagnant water
accumulations.
Connected with project
connected with project
problems of water
scarcity in low flow
periods of the year and
also those connected with
the increase of water
supply problem for other
users which use the same
sources
Avoid discharge of harmful chemical
substances into sewage lines or ground
surface;
Design and operation of natural drainage
and consideration for alternative directions;
Discharge wastewater flows to the closest
sewage line, installation of toilets and septic
tanks.
Required standards applied, including safe
removal of wastewater during renovation
works, use of appropriate equipment by
workers and ongoing liaison with residents
and fencing off contaminated areas.
Balanced use of water sources to avoid
significant pressure on them in low flow
period and also eliminate water shortage
problems for all users..
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Constructi
on Noise
Disturbance due to noise
generated from
construction works and
intensive traffic
Use of adequate construction materials and
equipment;
Adherence to predetermined work schedule
to minimize disturbance and
implementation of noise generating works
during normal work hours;
Minimum use of noise generating
equipment (example, stone cutters,
compressors);
Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
of silencers.
Natural
habitat
Disturbance of the natural
habitat due to
construction related noise,
dust, non-seasonal works,
unprocessed residues and
etc.
Loss of natural settlement
areas due to construction
works.
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation
of wastes;
Application of relevant construction and
seasonal work methodologies;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close
to the construction site.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Flora and
fauna
Earthworks, operation of
machines, noise and etc.;
Losses or degradations
during and after
construction works, non-
seasonal works, change of
ecological situation etc.
Adequate storage, processing or liquidation
of wastes;
Protection of vulnerable areas located close
to the construction site;
Application of seasonal work
methodologies where necessary.
Storage, processing,
liquidation of wastes
addressed above
No cost for other measures
provided they are integrated
into normal operating
procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Constructi
on
Aesthetics
and
landscape
Impact of works on
landscape and disturbance
to natural sights,
greenness and trees;
Noise, dust, residue and
etc. during and after
construction.
Careful design and location of works;
Restoration of damaged trees, protection
lines and etc.;
Planting of greenery in the construction site,
careful implementation of works in the
work sites, and management of wastes.
Restoration/planting of
greenery: $50,000
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Agriculture
Damage to agricultural
lands, including drainage
and irrigation
infrastructure.
Liaise effectively with relevant
organizations and residents before start of
construction, maintain dialogue, develop a
grievance procedure, strictly control
machinery and vehicle access and reinstate
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
all affected areas
Livestock
Livestock resources
damaged by machinery
and vehicles.
Liaise effectively with farmers and
residents before start of construction,
maintain dialogue, develop a grievance
procedure, strictly control machinery and
vehicle access and reinstate all affected
areas
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Health and
safety of
residents
and workers
Health risks from
unprocessed wastes;
Use of harmful substances
(paints with heavy metal,
lead compositions),
asbestos- cement slabs,
inflammable and toxic
materials etc.).
Planning of measures dealing with security
and environmental protection issues;
Adherence to project standards, good
signage, ongoing consultation with
residents, including schools. All workers to
use appropriate PPE and be trained at
project induction. Safety fencing provided.
Organization and implementation of
security and safety related trainings; WB
requirements will be followed when
replacing the asbestos-cement pipes.
Management of materials in accordance
with the relevant ecological and sanitary-
hygiene norms;
Identification of dangerous sites, proper
storage/liquidation of waste materials.
Trainings: $25,000
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures.
Construction of warehouse
for temporal storage of
hazardous wastes: $50,000
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Areas of
historical
and
cultural
value
Damage to areas of
historical and cultural
value located in the
project area
There are no areas of historic/cultural value
to be affected by project. But if it appears
relevant measures need to be taken
Staff awareness;
Inform adequate organizations in case of
archeological findings;
Temporary termination of works.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Resettleme Loss of property, land and There no need for resettlement. Costs for resettlement (if
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
nt
Land
acquisition
damage to living areas of
population
For areas where lands used for agricultural
crop production relevant plans need to be
prepared, which includes provision of
replacement lands or compensation for lost
access to plots of arable land and lost fruit
or nut trees.
any) to be negotiated by
project owner in
accordance with relevant
legislation, contractual
agreement or other
documents.
Contractor Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Operatio
ns
(potable
water
systems)
Risks to
human
health and
environmen
t
Quality of treated water Operation supervision of treatment facilities
in due accordance with the operation
guidelines;
Quality control of water flows entering the
system;
Avoid pollution of treated waters with the
wastewater flows;
Avoid over-chlorination of water flows
supplied to the consumers.
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Breakages and emergency
situations
There is need to develop scheduled
preventative maintenance
Training of staff on safety and human
security issues;
Measures to avoid leakage of chlorine gas.
Training cost identified
below
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Social-
economical
Reduction of treated
water quantities
Prevent illegal connections to the system;
Proper operation of the system including
water treatment, pipelines, connection lines
and etc.
Ensure an affordable tariff structure and
proper collection of fees.
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedure
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Operatio
ns
(sewage
Risks to
human
health and
Quality of wastewater and
its impacts on human
health and environment
Constant monitoring of wastewater flows
coming out of the wastewater treatment
plant;
Discharge of wastewater into the
environment only after adequate treatment;
Monitoring of downstream
environmental quality:
$12,500 one time every 2
years for 20 years
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
and
wastewat
er)
environmen
tal impacts
Training of operation staff for their
qualification raising;
Monitoring of downstream habitats to
evaluate the extent to which they return to
their previously unpolluted state.
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Quality of sediments in
the treatment structures
(sludge), risks due to
agricultural consumption
of these wastes.
Adequate processing of sludge;
Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and
heavy metals in the composition of output
sludge;
Transportation of sludge in the closed
containers;
Training of operation staff for their
qualification raising.
Training In application of sludge, and
monitoring of sludge application
Monitoring of sludge
quality: $10,000/year
Transportation of sludge
$10,000/year
Training cost identified
below
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Smell generations in the
wastewater treatment
structure;
Planning and management of smell
mitigation;
Tight shutting of smell producing
equipment and containers.
Odour masking agents:
$US 5,000/year
No cost for remaining
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Operation
s
(potable
water,
sewage
and
wastewate
r)
Safe storage
of
hazardous
and non-
hazardous
wastes
Risks to human health Use of authorized sites for non-hazardous
waste disposal; support and arrangements
for setting facilities for hazardous waste
safe storage
Training: $25,000 in first
year; $5,000/year in each
following year
No cost for identified
measures provided they are
integrated into normal
operating procedures
Contractor
Supervisor/
Amelioration JSC
Human
health
Risks to health of
residents and workers and
Training of staff on safety and human
security issues;
Contractor
Supervisor/
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Stage
Environme
nt Or
Social
Component
Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures
Estimated Cost Of Impact
Mitigation Measures
Responcibility Monitoring
to the environment Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene
rules to prevent infections from wastewater
discharges and sludge residues;
Provide staff with adequate protection
uniforms and facilities;
Measures to prevent emergency situations
such as leakage of chlorine gas.
Monitoring of drinking water and
wastewater quality
Amelioration JSC
Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all bidding documents (Bill of Quantities) and contracts for construction and
operation of the project, and should also be including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed. Based on above measures in total around 200000
USD need to be allocated to implement main mitigation measures.
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The Contractor will be contractually required to conform to the requirements specified in the EIA and EMP
and will be accountable to Amelioration JSC, as the client, through its Project Implementation Unit (PIU). It
is recommended (as agreed with Amelioration JSC) that the project environmental and social safeguard
objectives will be achieved if the construction supervision consultant has an environmental expertise and
carries out environmental supervision as part of the overall project supervision.. The precise details have not
yet been determined, but the consultant will advise and support the PIU in implementation of the EIA
standards during construction and into operation. Furthermore, local Bank staff will work with the consultant
and the PIU during development of the environmental plans.
There are several mechanisms of ensuring delivery during construction of both general and site specific
mitigation developed in EIAs. One mechanism favored for the project involves requiring the Contractor to
further develop the outline requirements in an EMP by designing individual Management Plans, such as oil
and fuel storage, waste management, traffic management and pollution prevention.
This approach for each individual scheme will benefit from oversight by the PIU to form a set of
environmental requirements applicable to the project as a whole, which will ensure compliance of the work
to both national and Bank standards. Such measures will be mandated in the bidding and contract documents,
so that an overall good standard of work is achieved. This approach also has benefits of institutional capacity
training, as the knowledge and capability of Amelioration JSC will be extended to effective environmental
management and as each scheme comes on stream the PIU will benefit from knowledge gained on previous
schemes. Main elements of the Specific Management Plans are given in able 8.3
Table 8.3 List of Specific Management Plans
Specific Management
Plan
Outline of Content
Waste Management Measures to reduce, handle, separate, store and dispose waste from operations
and work sites. Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and
reporting. Instructions for the storage and handling of various types of
hazardous materials.
Waste Water
Management
Measures to control, collect, treat or reuse wastewater from various sources to
avoid pollution.
Air Quality Control
Measures to reduce and control air emission from various sources.
Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and reporting.
Dust Control Measures to reduce and control dust emissions from roads, work sites and
construction activities. Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection
and reporting.
Noise and Vibration
Control
Measures to reduce and control noise and vibrations generated by plant at all
work sites and from transport activities. Requirements for monitoring,
recording, inspection and reporting.
Traffic Management Procedures for minimising disruption to traffic and access, especially for
public buildings such as hospitals and schools.
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Specific Management
Plan
Outline of Content
Emergency Response Procedures for response to a range of incidents and emergencies.
Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and reporting.
Archaeology and
Cultural Heritage
Measures to reduce adverse impacts on cultural heritage during construction.
If any late finds are made measures must be taken to ensure ‘conservation’ in
accordance with legislation.
Oil and fuel storage and
refuelling
Specification for storage of all oils and fuels (secondary containment etc) and
procedures for refuelling vehicles, plant and equipment so as to ensure
environmental protection.
Site Inspection Procedures for site inspection and reporting including notification of non-
compliance
Handling of Complaints
and Grievances
Procedures for handling of complaints including response to complainer and
reporting.
Environmental Training
- Project Induction
- Toolbox talks
Training requirements and procedures including target groups, contents of
training sessions and verification.
Storage and use of
hazardous products &
substances
Registration, logging of material safety data sheets and risk assessment of
materials and chemicals being used in the project. Documentation
requirements.
Reinstatement Plan Plan for topsoil management and removal of all equipment and materials from
temporary work sites and reinstatement of areas to a standard at least as good
as the pre-construction condition.
8.2. Monitoring
Conducting monitoring is the major strategic tool in environmental management and the extent of project
monitoring will be dependent on the nature, scale and potential impact of the project activities. Monitoring
may require the services of environmental specialists or a company with laboratory and analytical facilities
(for complex environmental problems) or inspection by the local government environmental officers.
Main elements of the environmental monitoring plan are the following:
In construction phase:
Dust monitoring;
Noise monitoring;
Solid wastes monitoring;
Waste waters monitoring;
Soil monitoring.
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In utilization phase:
Monitoring of water volume in water sources and water storages;
Monitoring of microbiological and chemical composition of water distributed to people, comparison
to water standards;
Monitoring of pollution level of sewage;
Monitoring of waste waters after purification;
Monitoring of depositions settled in water cleaning plants;
Monitoring of cleaned sewage in the place where it joins to sewage collector;
Monitoring of soil where depositions generated in water cleaning plants will be used as fertilizers.
Monitoring of all activities during the construction period will be under the responsibility of the Contractor,
whose environmental performance will be controlled by the Amelioration JSC (PIU and Environmental
Specialist) and supervision consultant appointed by PIU. The Contractor will prepare Specific Management
Plans (see Table 8.3 above)_ addressing all aspects of the EMP, and will establish a team for the monitoring
activities(Table 8.3).
The Contractor will be responsible for the compliance of the constructions with the national norms and
standards. Monitoring of construction activities will have to ensure that mitigation measures of construction
impacts are being implemented properly. The Contractor’s Environmental Team will be subject to the
government inspections(MENR, MoH) from time to time. The PIU may involve an individual auditing
company to conduct additional environmental monitoring of the Contractors performance. The construction
supervision consultant should have an environmental expert who will provide environmental monitoring of
construction work and report to PIU. Based on the input from supervision consultant and auditing company
the PIU should handle raised environmental issues and regularly report to the World Bank as part of overall
project progress reporting
The Environmental Monitoring Plan (see Table 8.4 below) has been prepared based on an initial monitoring
plan developed as part of the Feasibility Study.
125 / 154
Table 8.4. Environmental Monitoring Plan
Item Element Location Type of monitoring Frequency of
monitoring Purpose of monitoring
Cost
Construction
repair works
Dust
In the
construction
sites
Visual monitoring
During periodic site
visits to be carried on
daily basis by
contractor and by
monitor appointed in
the contract
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Project site and surrounding area Each month Relevance to standards and
rules
2500 USD
Wastewater flows
generated in the
construction sites
In the
construction
sites
Visual monitoring
During monthly site
visits
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Collection of solid
wastes
In the
construction
sites
Visual monitoring During periodic site
visits
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Utilization of solid
wastes
Abandoned
areas Visual monitoring
During periodic site
visits
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Use of dangerous
materials h (paints
with heavy metals,
lead compositions,
asbestos-cement
slabs, pipes,
inflammable and
toxic substances
etc.)
In the
construction
sites with right
documentation
Visual monitoring and study of
documentation Each month
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
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Protective
measures in the
construction site
In the
construction
sites with right
documentation
Visual monitoring Each month
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
and safety requirements
2500 USD
Protection of
nature
In the
construction
sites
Visual monitoring Each month
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Earth restoration
after excavation
works
In the
construction
sites
Visual monitoring At completion of
construction works
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Noise & vibrations
resulting from
equipment work
Project
area/close to
settlements
Portative noise metering device During periodic site
visits,on daily basis
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Traffic operation
/movement
In the
construction
sites
visual monitoring of machinery and
b) trucks carrying construction
materials
During periodic site
visits
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
2500 USD
Reduced access
In the
construction
sites
visual monitoring During periodic site
visits on daily basis
To ensure adherence to
requirements
1000 USD
Vehicle and
pedestrian safety
when there is no
construction
activity
In the
construction
sites
visual monitoring by supervisor On daily basis during
nonworking hours
To ensure adherence to
requirements
2500 USD
Operation
Utilization of solid
wastes
Abandoned
areas Visual Periodic visits
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
1000 USD
Quality of treated
potable water
Inlet to
treatment
structure
Measuring (pH, turbidity,
suspended solids, bacteria)
In accordance with the
schedule
Relevance to standards and
norms
6000 USD Each
year
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Adequacy of
treated potable
water to standards
Outlet to
treatment
structure
Measuring (physical-chemical and
bacteriological, including heavy
metals and pesticides on permanent
basis)
In accordance with the
schedule
Relevance to potable water
standards
6000 USD
Quality of treated
wastewater
Outlet to
treatment
structure
Measuring (physical-chemical and
bacteriological analyses)
In accordance with the
schedule
Relevance to standards and
norms
6000 USD each
year
Water quality
(visual, water
smell,
bacteriological,
chemical)
At up and downstream points of
water discharge and water discharge
areas (basins)
Each month
To ensure adherence to
environmental protection
requirements
6000 USD
Quality of sludge
(sediments)
Monitoring of
nemotodes,
coliforms and
heavy metals of
sludge
composition
Physical, chemical and
bacteriological analyses
After sludge
processing
Relevance to FAO
requirements for
neutralization or reuse for
agricultural purposes
6000 USD
1
128 / 154
8.3. Capacity Assessment for the Environmental Management of the Project
There is a Department on Control of Protection and Use of Water Resources in the Amelioration JSC,
consisting of 5 staff trained under several international initiatives and programs (e.g. ADB Flood Mitigation
Project). The main functions of this department include also control of compliance with water quality and
quantity requirements during the abstraction and use of water resources for different purposes.. The PIU for
this project has a full-time Environmental Specialist who has obtained significant experience under the
Irrigation and Drainage Project financed by the World Bank. In order to further strengthen the capacity of the
PIU and the Amelioration JSC (including its local departments), the project will provide resources for
specifically targeted training sessions to cover aspects of environmental management for both construction
and operational phases of water projects. Also, the project will involve international consultancy services to
supervise the construction works, which will include environmental supervision expertise.
129 / 154
LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Verdiyev R. H. Water resources of the East Caucasus rivers, under the climate changes. Baku 2002, Elm, p.
224.
2. Potable water. Hygienic requirements to quality of water of the centralized systems of potable water
supply. Sanitary- drinking norms. M. 1996- p.111.
3. Rustamov S.G., Kashkay R.M. Water resources of the rivers Azerbaijan SSR, Baku, Elm 1989, p. 180.
4. Project of UNDP/SİDA: Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras river basin. Institutional
aspects of water sector of South Caucasus countries, Tbilisi 2005.
5. Project of UNDP/SİDA: Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin. An
estimation of Legislative needs for reducing of degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin, Tbilisi 2005.
6. Farda İmanov, Rafig Verdiyev. Protection of the small rivers of flowing into the Caspian Sea with
participation of public, Baku 2006, 108 p , Adilogli editorial office.
7. Gauff and Temelsu JV Int. Eng. Ser. Inc. Joint Venture. Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and
Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons. Shabran. August 2010, Baku, Azerbaijan
8. www.eco.gov.az
9. www.worldbank.org
10. www.azersu.az
11. www.ec.europa.eu
130 / 154
ANNEXES
ANNEX I. Project Area in Shabran region
ANNEX II. Proposed WS option
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132 / 154
Annex III. Proposed Sewage System option
ANNEX IV. Proposed alternative Sewage System option
133 / 154
ANNEX V. Proposed water distribution system
134 / 154
135 / 154
ANNEX VI. DRINKING WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS
Drinking water treatment requirements should determined according to the quality of raw water from the
different sources.
EU Council Directive 75/440/EEC describes the quality required for surface water which is intended for the
abstraction of drinking water in the EU Member States:
The surface water is divided into 3 categories (A1, A2, A3) according to limiting values:
Category A1: Simple physical treatment and disinfection, e. g. rapid filtration and disinfection
Category A2: Normal physical treatment, chemical treatment and disinfection, e. g. pre-chlorination,
coagulation, flocculation, decantation, filtration, disinfection (final chlorination)
Category A3: Intensive physical and chemical treatment, extended treatment and disinfection, e. g.
chlorination to break-point, coagulation, flocculation, decantation, filtration, adsorption (activated carbon),
disinfection (ozone, final chlorination)
In the summary project FS document proposes to consider the values according to EU Directive
75/440/EEC as criterion for this Project. It has to be emphasized that treated water quality must meet the
limiting values set in “EU Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the Quality of Water Intended
for Human Consumption”. Parametric values are divided in
A) Microbiological Parameters
B) Chemical Parameters
C) Indicator Parameters
The parameters and the limiting values are listed in Annex I to Council Directive 98/83/EC.
Relevant water qualiity standards in Azerbaijan are given in below Table.
Table. Water qiality standards in Azerbaijan
INDICATOR
Standards
pH 6,0-9,0
Turbidity 1.5 mg/l
Microorganism (Colonies are formed in 1 ml test water) <100
Coliform bacteria (coliform index), intestinal bacteria formed in 1 litre of test
water
<3
Nitrates (N03) 45 mg/l
Nitrites (N02)
3 mg/l
Chlorides
350 mg/l
Phosphates
1.0 mg/l
Sulfates (S04)
500 mg/l
Total hardness
7 mmol/1
Remained chlorine 0.3-0.5
Al 0.5 mg/l
136 / 154
As 0.05 mg/l
Fe 0. 3 mg/l
Ni 0.1 mg/l
Cr (Cr6+) 0.05 mg/l
Cu (Cr2+) 1 mg/l
Zn 5 mg/l
Cd 0.001 mg/l
Pb 0.03 mg/l
Hg 0.0005 mg/l
137 / 154
ANNEX VII. WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS RESULTS OF SHABRAN
ORGANOLEPTIC PARAMETERS
Odour
qualitative
Taste
qualitative Turbidity
Suspended
Sediment
Lab N Sample ID TON Dilution
number NTU mg/l
11581 Shabran Central Pump station Baku-2 canal 1 1 <1 <1
MDL ND ND 1 1
RSD(%) ND ND 5 5
EU98
(Council
Directive
98/83/EC)
no abnormal change
no
abnormal
change
no
abnormal
change
ND
WHO's
drinking
water
standards
1993
ND ND ND ND
US EPA 3 3 4 ND
ГОСТ 2874-82 2 2 ND 1.5
TON- threshold odor number
MDL- Method Detection Limit
RSD(%)- Reliative Standard Deviation in % of
measured value
EU98- Drinking water quality standards- Council
Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intented for
human consumption. Adopted on 3 November 1998
WHO- World Helthy Organization
USEPA- United States Environmental Pollution
Agency
GOST- Formet Soviet Union Standardization Agency
ND- not determined
138 / 154
SENSORIC & PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS
Water
temperature* Color
Conductivity,
25°C
Redox-
Potential,
25°C
pH
value,
25°C
Dissolved
Oxygen,
O2
Hardness Total
Alkalinity Bromine
Lab N Project ID °C mg/l Pt/Co uS/cm mV mg/l mgCaCO3/l mgCaCO3/l mg/l
11581 Shabran Central Pump
station Baku-2 canal 16 <5 631 237 7.74 8.71 334 263 <0.05
MDL ND 5 10 10 ND ND 10 10 0.05
RSD(%) ND ND 5.0 5.0 ND ND 5.0 5.0 5.0
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND
no
abnormal
change
2500 ND 6.5÷9.5 ND ND ND ND
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND 2500 ND 6.5÷8.5 ND ND ND ND
US EPA ND 15 ND ND 6.5÷8.5 ND ND ND ND
ГОСТ 2874-82 ND 20 ND ND 6.0÷9.0 ND 7 mol/m3 ND ND
*Measured during sampling; ND- not determined
139 / 154
ANIONS
Chloride,
Cl
Sulphate,
SO4
Bicarbonate
HCO3
Nitrite,
NO2
Nitrate,
NO3
Fluoride,
F
Cyanides,
CN-
Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
11581 Shabran Central Pump station
Baku-2 canal 9.5 92 321 0.007 14.1 0.15 0.003
MDL 0.5 0.5 10 0.002 0.1 0.02 0.002
RSD (%) 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 5.0 5.0
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 250 250 ND 0.5 50 1.5 0.05
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 250 500 ND ND 50 1.5 0.07
US EPA 250 250 ND 1 10 4.0 0.2
ГОСТ 2874-82 350 500 ND ND 45 0.7 ND
140 / 154
CATIONS
Sodium,
Na
Potassium,
K
Calcium,
Ca
Magnesium.
Mg
Ammonium,
NH4
Boron,
B
Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
11581 Shabran Central Pump station
Baku-2 canal 21.1 2.27 75.0 28.6 <0.01 <0.2
MDL 0.001 0.01 0.01 0.001 0.02 0.2
RSD(%) 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 5.0 5.0
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 200 ND ND ND 0.5 1.0
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 200 ND ND ND ND ND
US EPA 200 ND ND ND ND ND
GOST ND ND ND ND ND ND
141 / 154
RADIONUCLIDES
Radium
226
Radium
228 Lead 210 Tritium
Total
indicative
dose
Lab N Project ID Bq/l Bq/l Bq/l Bq/l mSv/year
11581 Shabran Central Pump station
Baku-2 canal <0.41 <0.29 <2.7 <1 0.1
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND ND ND 100 0.1
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND ND ND ND
US EPA 180 ND ND ND
ГОСТ 2874-82 ND ND ND ND ND
142 / 154
HEAVY METALS
Aluminium,
Al
Arsenic,
As
Chromium
Cr
Nickel,
Ni
Selenium,
Se
Mercury,
Hg
Antimony,
Sb
Iron,
Fe
(total)
Manganese,
Mn (total)
Copper,
Cu
Cadmium,
Cd
Lead,
Pb
Lab N Project
ID ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l
11581
Shabran
Central
Pump
station
Baku-2
canal
0.41 0.33 0.57 0.042 1.37 <0.2 0.019 56.1 14.6 0.104 <0.01 <0.01
MDL 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.5 0.2 0.01 0.3 0.3 0.03 0.01 0.01
RSD(%) 6.0 2.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 <5.0 5.0 1.2 2.5 4.0 <5.0 5.0
EU98 (Council
Directive
98/83/EC)
200 10 50 20 10 1 5 200 50 2000 5 10
WHO's drinking
water standards
1993
200 10 50 20 10 1 5 300 500 2000 3 10
US EPA 50 10 100 100 50 2 6 300 50 1300 5 15
ГОСТ 2874-82 500 50 500 100 10 1 ND 300 100 1000 1 30
143 / 154
TOTAL ORGANICS CHARACTERIZATION
Total organic
carbon (TOC)
Permanganate
index, O2
Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l
11581 Shabran Central Pump
station Baku-2 canal <0.3 0.64
MDL 0.3 0.4
RSD(%) 5.0 5
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND 5
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND
US EPA ND ND
ГОСТ 2874-82 ND ND
144 / 154
MICROBIOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION
Escheria
coli
Coliform
pathogens Enterococci
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Clostridium
perfringens
Colony
count @
22°
Colony
count @
36°C
Lab N Project ID c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/1 ml c/1 ml
11581 Shabran Central Pump station
Baku-2 canal Not found Not found Not found Not found Not found 15 9
MDL 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
RSD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 0/250 ml 0/100 ml 0/250 ml 0/250 ml 0/100 100/ml 20/ml
WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
ГОСТ 2874-82 0 3 ND ND ND 100 ND
Not found- Non detected bacterias during test; NA- Not Applicable
CONCLUSIONS
As results of fulfilled study program, following conclusions about water quality could be derived for
studied samples:
Organoleptic parameters: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Sensoric & Physical-chemical
parameters:
Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Anions and Cations content: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO criteria. But only
nitrate content in sample were above US EPA criteria.
Radionuclides: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Heavy metals: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Total organics: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Microbiology communities: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking
water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.
Hazardous organics: These tests were not applied for these samples, because
absence of oil hydrocarbons or pesticide pollution and plactic
pipes are not using in current system.
ANNEX VIII . Characteristics of Surface Water Intended for the Abstraction of Drinking Water
Parameters Unit A1 A2 A3
pH 6.5 – 8.5 5.5 – 9.0 5.5 – 9.0
Coloration (after simple filtration) mg/l Pt scale 20 100 200
Total suspended solids (SS) mg/l 25 (G)
Temperature °C 25 25 25
Conductivity at 20 °C μs/cm-1
1000 (G) 1000 (G) 1000 (G)
Odour
Dilution factor
at 25 °C
3 (G) 20 (G) 20 (G)
Nitrates (NO3) mg/l 50 50 50
Fluorides (F) mg/l 1.5
Dissiolved Iron (Fe) mg/l 0.3 2
Manganese (Mn) mg/l 0.05 (G) 0.1 (G) 1 (G)
Copper (Cu) mg/l 0.05 0.05 (G)
Zinc (Zn) mg/l 3 5 5
Boron (B) mg/l 1 (G) 1 (G) 1 (G)
Arsenic (As) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.1
Cadmium (Cd) mg/l 0.005 0.005 0.005
Total Chromium (Cr) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05
Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05
Selenium (Se) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01
Mercury (Hg) mg/l 0.001 0.001 0.001
Barium (Ba) mg/l 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cyanide mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05
Sulphates (SO4) mg/l 250 250 250
Chlorides (Cl) mg/l 200 (G) 200 (G) 200 (G)
Surfactants (reacting with methyl blue) mg/l
(laurylsulphate)
0.2 (G) 0.2 (G) 0.4(G)
Phosphates (P2O5) mg/l 0.4 (G) 0.7 (G) 0.7(G)
Phenoles (C6 H5OH) mg/l 0.001 0.005 0.1
Dissolved or Emulsified Hydrocarbons mg/l 0.05 0.2 1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons mg/l 0.0002 0.0002 0.001
Pesticides mg/l 0.001 0.0025 0.005
Dissolced Oxiygen Satuaration Rate % O2 > 70 (G) > 50 (G) > 30 (G)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) mg/l O2 < 3 (G) < 5 (G) < 7 (G)
Nitroogen (N) by Kjeldahl Method
(Except NO3) mg/l
1 (G) 2 (G) 3 (G)
Ammonia (NH4) mg/l 0.05 (G) 1.5 4
Substances Extrahable with Chloroform mg/l SEC 0.1 (G) 0.2 (G) 0.5 (G)
Total Coliforms at 37 °C /100 ml 50 (G) 5000 (G) 50000(G)
Faecal Coliforms /100 ml 20 (G) 2000 (G) 20000(G)
Faecal Streptococci /100 ml 20 (G) 1000 (G) 10000(G)
Salmonella
Not present
in 1000 ml
Not present
in 1000 ml
Note: values marked with “G” shall be respected as guidelines.
Depending on the category the following standard methods of treatment for transforming surface water
into drinking water are defined:
ANNEX IX TREATED WASTE WATER AND SLUDGE REQUIREMENTS
In the proposed FS document it is shown that WWTP should meet the requirements of international
standards. As it states the amounts of 50 g BOD5/cap/d, 100 gCOD/cap/d , 10.5 gN/cap/d and 70 g/cap/d
total suspended substances seems to be consistent with acting standards and those used in other
European countries like Germany, Turkey etc.
As there is no legislation in Azerbaijan defining the limit effluent values of WWTPs to use international
standards for this purposes. The standard for wastewater treatment in the European Union is presented in
the Urban Wastewater Directive 91/271/EEC issued on May 21 1991. The EU-Standard differentiates
between sensitive and non-sensitive receiving water bodies.
Table 6.2 . Effluent Standards acc. EU-Directive 91/271/EEC
Parameter (Unit) Sensitive Area Non-Sensitive Area
BOD5 mg/l 25 25
COD mg/l 125 125
TSS mg/l 35 35
N,tot mg/l 15 --
P,tot mg/l 2 --
The requirements for N and P refer to annual mean values and a minimum wastewater temperature of 12°
C.
According to the Azerbaijan rules, discharge of wastewaters into water bodies is allowed only after
obtaining a permit for "special water-use". The degree to which discharged wastewaters have to be treated
(purified) is determined by the Maximum Allowable Discharge (MAD) norms for polluting substances.
These norms are normally imposed in order to gradually improve surface water quality and meet the
sanitary-hygienic requirements in proximity to water-intake structures.
Application of certain methods of use of waste water on irrigated fields depend on preliminary
preparation, with consideration of natural conditions and type of cultivated crops.
Assessment of waste water quality and its sludge, applied for irrigation and fertilization is conducted in
complex way according to agrochemical and sanitary-hygienic and veterinary-sanitary indications.
Regulation of indicators of quality of watering water and its sludge is made with consideration of soil-
climatic, hydro-geologicla conditions of territory of specific object, biological specific features of
cultivated crops and technology of irrigation. Chemical composition of waste water, used for irrigation is
assessed on the basis of activity of hydrogen ion (pH), composition of amount of dissolved salts,
availability of main biogenic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), micro-elements and organic
substances.
Requirements for quality of wastewater and its sludge
Quality of waste water and its sludge, used for irrigation is regulated by chemical, bacteriological and
parasitological indications.
Admissible concentration of heavy metals in waste water is established depending on irrigation norm, and
it is defined in each specific case in accordance with acting requirements to waste water quality and its
sludge, used for irrgigation and fertilization.
Waste water, containing microelements, including heavy metals in quantities not exceeding MAC for
economy-potable water use, may be used for irrigation without restrictions.
Possibility of use of treated industrial and mixed waste water in at irrigated fields is settled in each
specific case by bodies and institutions of state sanitary-epidemiology and veterinary services on base of
results of special researches, directed for learning of degree and character of impact of waste water on
soil, cultivated crops, live-stock and cattle breeding production.
Requirements concerning sludge from wastewater, applied for fertilization
Use of sludge of waste water for fertilization may be admitted after its sterilization by one of methods in
accordance with acting Sanitary rules of installation and operation of agricultural fields of irrigation.
Before use of sludge at lots for fertilization, agrochemical examination of soil on following parameters is
to be conducted: pH, composition of active forms of phosphorus, potassium, heavy metals-lead,
cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, mercury, zinc. Examination is made on base of methods, accepted at
agrochemical service.
As a rule, content of heavy metals in sludge of waste water from enterprises, reprocessing agricultural
production is lower, however, nutritive substances are higher, than in sludge from city treatment facilities.
With the aim to exclude hazard of pollution of soil, production and environment by heavy metals sludge
of waste water purposed for fertilization are to be obligatorily analyzed for checking of heavy metals:
lead, cadmium, chrome, copper, nickel, mercury, and zinc.
Application of sludge of industrial –domestic waste water, containing heavy metals and composts from
them is prohibited, if introduction of these fertilizers will increase level of pollution of soils up to values
0,7-0,8 MACs
Quality control of waste water and its sludge, which are applied for irrigation and fertilization
Production laboratory control on envisaging of sanitation rules and standards at operation of at irrigated
fields includes:
• control of effectiveness of operation of plants on preliminary preparation of waste water
and its sludge before introduction at agricultural fields;
• quality control of underground and surface water, whcih are in the area of impact at
agricultural fields
• quality control of soil and agricultural production
ANNEX X. .The List Of Participants Of Public Consultation Meeting On Shabran Rayon WSS
Project
NAME
PLACE OF WORK CONTACT
1
Muasayev Yusif City representative 050 329-11-29
2 Sultanov İkram
Vice-president of the Shabran rayon
Executive power , Head of Rayon
Commission on WSS project
implementation
050 312-33-48
3 Cavadov Atabala
Shabran city representative 070 277-27-24
4
Mammadov Zahid Office of homes 050 620-45-17
5
Ibrahimov Shirinali Education Department 050 395-13-97
6
Aliyev Fikrat District executive authority 050 646-45-80
7
Gulaliyev Samir District executive authority 055 233-24-23
8
Alimammadov
Suleyman
Head of Shabran region Gas
Department
055 612-26-62
9
Mammadov Chingiz Editor of Shabran newspepar 070 358-23-01
10
Xalilov Tofig Shabran water agency 050 371-95-93
11
Khamtayev Mehman Shabran water agency 050 670-83-93
12
Hakan Mat GAUFF +90-532-
4767382
13
Mikayilov İsrafil Shabran deputy of the RSH head 050 339-19-57
14 Abdullayev Panah Project team for implementation of
the second national water supply and
sewer
050 373-75-57
15
Shirinov Boyukaga Representative of the Shabran
municipality
050 304-11-13
16 Verdiyev Rafig
EPTISA 050 349-58-84
17
Qurbanov Alamshah Education Department
18
Şukurov Eldaniz District executive authority 055 372-03-67
19
Nushiyev Fikrat District executive authority 050 394-49-54
20
Bagırov Elvin Head of Regional Department on
youth and the sport
070 250-25-11
21
Mammadov Tamraz Shabran newspaper 055 634-76-84
22
Shamilov Adil Education Department 050 345-24-02
23
Nazarova Malahat District executive authority
24
Tahirova Şarafat District executive authority
25
Bibiquluyev Alirahim Municipality chairman
26 İmanov Farda HMK 341-26-86
27
Mammadova Billura Water agency 0115 3-28-89
28
Camalova Şarqiyya Water agency 050 424-12-73
29
Qadirova Shabira Water agency 050 621-80-58
Annex XI. Public meeting on discussion of EİA report for Siyazan and Shabran regions
Shabran town 22 October 2010
Workshop was organized in the meeting venue provided by the Shabran Rayon Executive Power. The
representative of EPTİSA Rafig Verdiyev provided the general information about the Project to
participants and answered asked questions. Main discussions where about proposals of Project
Alternatives, Proposal Water sources , Environment Impact Assessment, Scheduled Activities for
Environment Management Plan, Proposed Mitigation Measures.
The Presentation followed up with interesting discussions. Discussions were mainly about water supply,
location of waste water treatment plant, sewer canals, project schedule and employment of local people in
project construction work. Some people asked about length of construction works and potential its
impacts/
The environmental consultant of the EIA informed that provided proposals will be considered in the EIA.
The essential questions and proposals during the presentation:
Comment Response
1 Mikayılov İsrafil
We propose to use2 times
powerfull pumps instead of useing
several small and weaker pumps.
This wiill allow us to keep one of
them as reserve and make their life
time londer
When chousing the pupms their economical profitability
has also been assessed . Proposed pumps are cheaper and
they can be easily replaced.
1 Lavadov Atabala:
When connnecting houses to new
WSSS who will cover expences?
There will be installed pipes ending in each
houses/yards free of charge.Residents will only cover
expences for internal connection in their yards. There are
also some discussions ongoing to get some subsidies or
grants for this purposes.
2 Nadirov Qafar
Wate from Baku pipes doesn’t fully
fit quality requirements for and can
be used for drinking water only.
Irrigation. Would it be possible to
use Samur- Absheron canal for
irrigation purposes.?
Asproject will deal only with drinking water supply it
wouldn’t be good approach if it used for irrigation as
well. It would be good for this purpose use Samur-
Absheron canal. Amelioration JSC is informed about
this and there is expectations that it will be solved
positively.
3 Qurbanov Tofiq
Will there be enough water for all?
Project consider all users, including population ,
economy and etc on the basis of Integrated water
resources use and management principles and it is
envisioned that there shouldn’t be any problem in this
regards.
4 Atabala Javadov: This issue has been discussed many times and it is agreed
Local specialists know local
conditions better than others and
will they be involved into project
work.
that main construction work will be implemented by
maximal involvement of local population..
5 Osmanov Aydın
Will there be compensation to
affected people?
If there will be any damage to proporty of population it
will certainly duely compensated.
A. Participants from Siyazan
B. Şabrandan olan iştirakçılar