Reproductive Health

Dr Babar T. ShaikhAga Khan University

Karachi, Pakistan

Reproductive Health

Learning Objectives

• Learn to define Reproductive health

• Understand the concept and importance of RH

• Describe the components of RH package

Reproductive Health

It is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to reproductive system and to its functions and processes.

Reproductive health care is defined as the constellation of methods, techniques and services that contribute to reproductive health and well-being through preventing and solving reproductive health problems.

Concept of Reproductive HealthIt implies that

• couples have the ability to reproduce and regulate their fertility

• women are able to go through pregnancy and child birth safely

• outcome of the pregnancy is successful in terms of maternal and infant survival and well-being and

• couples are able to have sexual relations free of the fear of pregnancy and of contracting any disease

Every minute in the world

380 women become pregnant

190 of these did not plan or do not wish the pregnancy

Every minute in the world

110 women experience a pregnancy-related complication

40 women have an unsafe abortion

1 woman dies from a pregnancy related issue

Reproductive Health Situation In Pakistan

Socio-Demographic Profile (Current)

Total Population in millions = 142.5

Population Density (per sq. k.m.) = 166

TFR = 4.8

PGR = 2.1%

CPR = 30%

Maternal Mortality Rate/100,000 = 350( births)

contd.

Infant mortality rate/1000 Births = 85

Female adult literacy rate = 33%

Adults living with HIV/AIDS = 74000

Position in 2000

• Population per Doctor - 1,552• Population per Nurse - 3,788• Population Hospital Bed - 1,518• Deliveries at Home - 76

(percentage)

OTHER HARD FACTS

POPULATION LIVING BELOW POVERTY LINE 48

POPULATION WITH NO ACCESS TO SAFE 54 DRINKING WATER

POPULATION WITH ONE ROOM HOUSES 71 POPULATION IN KATCHI ABADIES IN

URBAN AREAS 17 POPULATION WITH NO SANITATION 82

(MILLION)

POPULATION WELFARE SERVICE OUTLETS1991 - 2001

TYPE OF OUTLETS 1991 2001

FAMILY WELFARE CENTRES 1290 1688

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICE CENTRES 79 106

MOBILE SERVICE UNITS 130 131

VILLAGE BASED FP WORKERS ---- 13084

REGISTERED MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS 2500 21040

BIRTHS DURING 2000

• IN ONE YEAR 4,300,000

• PER MONTH 358,333

• PER DAY 11,781

• PER MINUTE 8

DEATHS DURING 2000

• IN ONE YEAR 1,200,000

• PER MONTH 100,000

• PER DAY 3,288

• PER MINUTE 2

NET ADDITION IN 2000

• IN ONE YEAR 3,100,000

• PER MONTH 2,58,333

• PER DAY 8,493

• PER MINUTE 6

Reproductive Health Package

RH Package Offers-Following Services

Comprehensive family planning for females and males;

· Maternal health care including safe motherhood, and pre and post abortion care for complications;

· Infant Health Care;

· Management of reproductive health related problems of adolescents;

Continued….

Reproductive Health Package contd…

  Management of other reproductive health related problems of women;

     Prevention and management of RTIs/STIs and

HIV/AIDS;     Management of infertility;     Detection of breast and cervical cancers;     Management of reproductive health related

issues of men.

MoPW outlets

• Family Welfare Centers.

• Reproductive Health Centers

• Mobile Service Units.

• Provincial Health Departments

•MoPW and MOH are adopting holistic approach..

•Raising awareness about STIs and HIV/AIDS

•Addressing Adolescent issue.

•Women Empowerment with income generating skills.