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ED 436 860
TITLEINSTITUTION
PUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROM
PUB TYPEEDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORS
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
DOCUMENT RESUME
EA 030 388
Annual Report on School Safety, 1999.Department of Justice, Washington, DC.; Department ofEducation, Washington, DC.1999-11-00151p.
ED Pubs, P.O. Box 1398, Jessup, MD 20794-1398; Tel:877-433-7827; Web site:<http://www.ed.gov/pubs/edpubs.html>.Reports Descriptive (141)MF01/PC07 Plus Postage.*Community Cooperation; *Crime Prevention; DelinquencyPrevention; Elementary Secondary Education; GovernmentPublications; *School Safety; *School Security; Vandalism;*ViolenceDepartment of Education; Department of Justice
Despite the reports of violence in schools, the vastmajority of America's schools are safe places. Nevertheless, students,teachers, and parents have real fears about school crime and violenceproblems. This report is a guide to combat these fears and problems. Thereport presents an updated description of the nature and extent of crime,andviolence on school property. It shows what measures some schools have takento prevent and address school violence, refining and revising the programinformation provided last year. It details how 54 communities around theUnited States have implemented recommendations of one chapter in particularfrom last years' "Annual Report," entitled "What Communities Can Do ThroughCollaboration." This 1999 Report is divided into four chapters: "The Natureand Scope of School Violence--Federal and International Data"; "SafeSchools/Healthy Students--Collaboration in Action"; "Model Programs--Helpingto Improve School Safety"; and "Resources--Agencies, Organizations, WebSites, and Contact Information." (DFR)
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.
U.S
:'DE
PA
RT
ME
NT
OF
ED
UC
AT
ION
Offi
ce o
f Edu
catio
nal R
esea
rch
and
Impr
ovem
ent
ED
UC
AT
ION
AL
RE
SO
UR
CE
S IN
FO
RM
AT
ION
CE
NT
ER
(E
RIC
)T
his
docu
men
t has
bee
n re
prod
uced
as
rece
ived
from
the
pers
on o
r or
gani
zatio
nor
igin
atin
g it.
Min
or c
hang
es h
ave
been
mad
e to
impr
ove
repr
oduc
tion
qual
ity.
Poi
nts
of v
iew
or
opin
ions
sta
ted
in th
isdo
cum
ent d
o no
t nec
essa
rily
repr
esen
tof
ficia
l OE
RI p
ositi
on o
r po
licy.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
4
DE
AR
CO
LLE
AG
UE
Let
ter
from
the
US
Sec
reta
ryii
of E
duca
tion
and
the
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
INT
RO
DU
CT
ION
iv
CH
AP
TE
R 1
The
Nat
ure
and
Sco
pe o
f1
Sch
ool V
iole
nceF
eder
alan
d In
tern
atio
nal D
ata
A N
atio
nal P
ersp
ectiv
e2
An
Inte
rnat
iona
l Per
spec
tive
7
Har
assm
ent a
nd H
ate
Cri
me
10
CH
AP
TE
R 2
Saf
e S
choo
ls/H
ealth
y13
Stu
dent
sC
olla
bora
tion
In A
ctio
n
Urb
an S
ites
14
Subu
rban
Site
s24
Rur
al S
ites
28
Tri
bal S
ites
33
CH
AP
TE
R 3
Mod
el P
rogr
amsH
elpi
ng35
to Im
prov
e S
choo
l Saf
ety
V o
lenc
e Pr
even
tion
Pro
> ,m
s36
Subs
tanc
e U
se P
reve
ntio
n45
Prog
ram
sPr
oble
m B
/4r
Prev
entio
n52
Pr ,r
am
CH
AE
4 R
esou
rces
Age
ncie
s,55
Org
antz
atio
ns, W
eb S
ites,
and
Con
tact
Info
rmat
ion
Fede
ral R
esou
rces
56
Onl
ine
Fede
ral D
ocum
nts
59
Org
aniz
atio
ns62
Web
Sit
63
EF
ER
EN
CE
S66
8
0
Sin
ce th
e pu
blic
atio
n of
the
first
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y in
199
8, th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t
of E
duca
tion
and
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice
have
con
tinue
d to
wor
k to
geth
er to
impr
ove
the
safe
ty o
f Am
eric
a's
scho
ols.
Las
t yea
r, w
e pu
blis
hed
Ear
ly W
arni
ng, T
imel
y R
espo
nse:
A G
uide
to S
afe
Sch
ools
, whi
ch w
as s
ent t
o ev
ery
supe
rinte
nden
t and
prin
cipa
l in
the
coun
try.
Writ
ten
by a
gro
up o
f nat
iona
l exp
erts
, the
gui
de o
ffers
pra
ctic
al s
ugge
stio
ns fo
r re
duci
ng
scho
ol v
iole
nce.
In S
epte
mbe
r 19
99, P
resi
dent
Clin
ton
anno
unce
d th
e aw
ard
of n
early
$100
mill
ion
to 5
4 co
mm
uniti
es a
roun
d th
e co
untr
y un
der
the
new
Saf
e S
choo
ls/H
ealth
yS
tude
nts
Initi
ativ
e, a
uni
que
gran
t pro
gram
join
tly a
dmin
iste
red
by th
e D
epar
tmen
ts o
f Jus
tice,
Edu
catio
n, a
nd H
ealth
and
Hum
an S
ervi
ces.
In L
ittle
ton,
Col
orad
o, a
nd in
oth
er c
omm
uniti
es a
cros
s A
mer
ica,
inci
dent
s of
sch
ool v
io-
lenc
e ha
ve r
emin
ded
us th
at o
ur e
ffort
s ar
e im
port
ant a
nd th
at m
any
chal
leng
es r
emai
n. W
hile
we
are
plea
sed
by th
e m
ost r
ecen
t dat
a in
clud
ed in
this
Ann
ualR
epor
t, w
hich
sho
ws
that
crim
e
CO
and
viol
ence
con
tinue
d to
dec
reas
e in
our
sch
ools
, we
can
do m
ore
to m
ake
scho
ols
safe
.
We
know
ther
e is
no
sim
ple
solu
tion
to th
e pr
oble
m o
f sch
ool v
iole
nce.
How
ever
, if
we
all c
ome
toge
ther
to a
ddre
ss th
e ro
ots
of v
iole
nce,
we
know
we
can
mak
e ev
ery
scho
ol
a sa
fe le
arni
ng e
nviro
nmen
t for
chi
ldre
n. T
hat i
s w
hy th
e w
ork
that
all o
f you
do
in y
our
com
-
mun
ities
, day
in a
nd d
ay o
ut, i
s so
impo
rtan
t. B
y br
eaki
ng d
own
the
boun
darie
s be
twee
n
expe
rts
and
prac
titio
ners
, bet
wee
n ad
ults
and
you
ng p
eopl
e, a
nd b
etw
een
law
enf
orce
men
t offi
cial
s
and
the
com
mun
ities
they
ser
ve, y
ou c
reat
e a
pow
erfu
l for
ce fo
r ch
ange
.
In o
ur e
xper
ienc
e, s
ucce
ssfu
l effo
rts
to im
prov
e sc
hool
saf
ety
incl
ude
thre
e cr
itica
l com
pone
nts:
pred
ictin
g, p
reve
ntin
g, a
nd p
repa
ring
for
scho
ol v
iole
nce.
Man
y sc
hool
s ha
ve im
plem
ente
d ef
fect
ive
viol
ence
pre
vent
ion
plan
s, a
nd o
ur N
atio
n's
child
ren
are
safe
r be
caus
e of
it; h
owev
er, e
ndin
g
viol
ence
in s
choo
ls w
ill r
equi
re r
enew
ed a
ttent
ion
and
ener
gy fr
om a
ll of
us.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
We
have
gai
ned
a be
tter
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
how
to p
reve
nt s
choo
l vio
lenc
e, a
nd w
e ha
ve fo
und
prov
en w
ays
to m
ake
our
scho
ols
safe
r. W
e ne
ed to
pun
ish
offe
nder
s an
d ho
ld y
oung
peo
ple
acco
unta
ble
for
thei
r ac
tions
, but
it is
eve
n m
ore
impo
rtan
t to
prev
ent t
rage
dies
from
hap
peni
ng
in th
e fir
st p
lace
. We
need
to le
arn
mor
e ab
out t
he w
arni
ng s
igns
and
ris
k fa
ctor
s th
at s
igna
l
pote
ntia
lly v
iole
nt y
outh
. We
also
nee
d to
trai
n pa
rent
s, s
choo
l per
sonn
el, a
nd c
omm
unity
mem
bers
to id
entif
y th
ose
war
ning
sig
ns. E
arly
inte
rven
tion
with
you
ng p
eopl
e ha
s a
trem
endo
us im
pact
,
so w
e ne
ed to
enc
oura
ge e
duca
tors
, par
ents
, and
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs to
iden
tify
and
help
trou
bled
you
th.
Con
flict
res
olut
ion
curr
icul
a an
d pe
er m
edia
tion
prog
ram
s ca
n be
ver
y ef
fect
ive
in d
ecre
asin
g
yout
h vi
olen
ce. I
n a
cultu
ral e
nviro
nmen
t whe
re e
xpos
ure
to v
iole
nt c
onfr
onta
tions
is to
o co
mm
on,
we
need
to g
ive
youn
g pe
ople
the
skill
s to
res
olve
thei
r in
terp
erso
nal c
onfli
cts
peac
eful
ly.
Fin
ally
, Am
eric
ans
need
to fa
ce th
e fa
ct th
at th
e un
deni
able
link
am
ong
the
mos
t tra
gic
inci
dent
s
of s
choo
l vio
lenc
e is
the
pres
ence
of g
uns
in th
e ha
nds
of u
nsup
ervi
sed
yout
h. O
ur N
atio
n ca
n an
d
mus
t do
mor
e to
lim
it un
auth
oriz
ed a
cces
s to
gun
s by
you
ng p
eopl
e, in
sch
ools
and
els
ewhe
re.
We
hope
that
you
will
use
this
rep
ort a
s a
guid
e in
you
r ef
fort
s to
mak
e yo
ur s
choo
ls a
nd c
om-
mun
ities
saf
er. A
s w
e di
d la
st y
ear,
we
dedi
cate
this
Ann
ual R
epor
t to
the
teac
hers
and
stu
dent
s
who
lost
thei
r liv
es a
t sch
ool.
We
will
nev
er fo
rget
them
.
Sin
cere
ly,
Ric
hard
W. R
iley
Sec
reta
ry o
f Edu
catio
n
Jane
t Ren
o
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
The
vas
t maj
ority
of A
mer
ica'
s sc
hool
s ar
e sa
fe p
lace
s. In
fact
, not
with
stan
ding
the
dist
urb-
ing
repo
rts
of v
iole
nce
in o
ur s
choo
ls, t
hey
are
beco
min
g ev
en s
afer
. But
the
fear
s of
stud
ents
, tea
cher
s an
d pa
rent
s ar
e re
al. A
nd it
is tr
ue th
at s
ome
scho
ols
have
ser
ious
crim
efir
msi
1+61
0an
d vi
olen
ce p
robl
ems.
The
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y is
a g
uide
to c
omba
t the
se
fear
s an
d pr
oble
ms.
The
199
9 ed
ition
of t
he A
nnua
l Rep
ort i
s de
sign
ed to
com
plem
ent i
ts p
rede
cess
or.
wila
It pr
esen
ts a
n up
date
d de
scrip
tion
of th
e na
ture
and
ext
ent o
f crim
e an
d vi
olen
ce o
n
scho
ol p
rope
rty.
It s
how
s w
hat m
easu
res
som
e sc
hool
s ha
ve ta
ken
to p
reve
nt a
nd
leso
addr
ess
scho
ol v
iole
nce,
ref
inin
g an
d re
visi
ng th
e pr
ogra
m in
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed la
st
Egi
aye
ar. A
nd it
cap
ture
s th
e sp
irit o
f 54
com
mun
ities
aro
und
the
coun
try
that
hav
e ta
ken
to h
eart
one
cha
pter
in p
artic
ular
from
last
yea
r's A
nnua
l Rep
ort,
entit
led
Wha
t
Com
mun
ities
Can
Do
Thr
ough
Col
labo
ratio
n. T
he 1
999
Ann
ual R
epor
t is
divi
ded
into
four
cha
pter
s: T
he N
atur
e an
d S
cope
of S
choo
l Vio
lenc
eFed
eral
and
Inte
rnat
iona
l
Dat
a; S
afe
Sch
ools
/Hea
lthy
Stu
dent
sCol
labo
ratio
n in
Act
ion;
Mod
el P
rogr
amsH
elpi
ngto
Impr
ove
Sch
ool S
afet
y; a
nd R
esou
rces
.
Cha
pter
1 p
rese
nts
the
natu
re a
nd s
cope
of s
choo
l vio
lenc
e in
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
and
abro
ad.
The
nat
iona
l per
spec
tive
on s
choo
l crim
e an
d sa
fety
issu
es e
xam
ines
dat
a on
hom
icid
es a
nd
suic
ides
at s
choo
l, in
jurie
s at
sch
ool,
crim
es a
gain
st s
tude
nts,
crim
es a
gain
st te
ache
rs,
wea
pons
at s
choo
l, th
e co
nseq
uenc
es o
f brin
ging
fire
arm
s to
scho
ol, a
nd s
tude
nt p
erce
ptio
ns
of s
choo
l saf
ety.
Mor
e de
taile
d pr
esen
tatio
ns o
f the
se a
nd o
ther
rel
ated
nat
iona
ldat
a ca
n be
foun
d in
the
Indi
cato
rs o
f Sch
ool C
rime
and
Saf
ety,
199
9 by
the
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Edu
catio
n
Sta
tistic
s an
d th
e B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Sta
tistic
s (s
ee R
efer
ence
s). T
his
year
, Cha
pter
1 a
lso
incl
udes
bot
h an
inte
rnat
iona
l per
spec
tive
on s
choo
l vio
lenc
e (c
ompa
ring
data
from
anu
mbe
r
BE
ST
C
of d
iffer
ent c
ount
ries
on fe
elin
gs o
f saf
ety,
bul
lyin
g an
d st
uden
t beh
avio
r) a
nd a
dis
cuss
ion
of
hate
crim
e an
d ha
rass
men
t leg
isla
tion
and
rela
ted
stat
istic
s.
Cha
pter
2 h
ighl
ight
s 54
com
mun
ities
that
are
put
ting
into
pra
ctic
e th
e co
llabo
rativ
e, p
robl
em-
solv
ing
mod
el fe
atur
ed in
the
seco
nd c
hapt
er o
f las
t yea
r's A
nnua
l Rep
ort.
The
Pre
side
nt
rece
ntly
ann
ounc
ed th
at th
ese
com
mun
ities
wou
ld r
ecei
ve g
rant
s un
der
the
bran
d ne
w S
afe
Sch
ools
/Hea
lthy
Stu
dent
s In
itiat
ive.
The
Initi
ativ
e pr
omot
es c
ompr
ehen
sive
str
ateg
ies
that
prov
ide
stud
ents
, sch
ools
, and
com
mun
ities
with
enh
ance
d ed
ucat
iona
l, m
enta
l hea
lth, s
ocia
l
serv
ice,
law
enf
orce
men
t, an
d, a
s ap
prop
riate
, juv
enile
just
ice
syst
em s
ervi
ces.
Fut
ure
Ann
ual
Rep
orts
will
trac
k th
e pr
ogre
ss o
f the
se c
omm
uniti
es.
Cha
pter
3 p
rese
nts
sum
mar
y in
form
atio
n on
sch
ool v
iole
nce
prev
entio
n an
d re
late
d
prog
ram
s th
at w
orkp
rogr
ams
that
are
wel
l-des
igne
d, h
ave
dem
onst
rate
def
fect
iven
ess,
and
can
be im
plem
ente
d as
par
t of a
com
preh
ensi
ve s
choo
l saf
ety
plan
.T
he p
rogr
ams
incl
uded
in th
is c
hapt
er a
re in
tend
ed to
com
plem
ent,
not r
epla
ce, t
hose
pro
gram
s de
scrib
ed in
last
year
's A
nnua
l Rep
ort.
Not
sur
pris
ingl
y, s
ome
of th
e pr
ogra
ms
are
the
sam
e, b
ut a
yea
r's w
orth
of a
dditi
onal
lear
ning
led
to th
e id
entif
icat
ion
of n
ew, e
ffect
ive
prog
ram
s, a
nd fu
rthe
r da
ta.
Cha
pter
4 li
sts
reso
urce
s fo
r m
ore
info
rmat
ion
abou
t sch
ool s
afet
y an
d cr
ime
issu
es. T
hese
reso
urce
s in
clud
e or
gani
zatio
ns, W
eb s
ites,
list
serv
es, v
ideo
s, F
eder
al r
esou
rces
, and
publ
icat
ions
.
Thr
ough
out t
he A
nnua
l Rep
ort,
scho
ol p
rofil
es fo
cus
on s
ever
al s
choo
ls th
at a
re d
oing
an
exem
plar
y jo
b of
cre
atin
g an
d m
aint
aini
ng s
afe
envi
ronm
ents
. The
se s
choo
ls w
ere
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h
a co
mpe
titiv
e pr
oces
s by
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n's
Rec
ogni
tion
Pro
gram
. One
sch
ool,
Gon
zalo
Gar
za In
depe
nden
ce H
igh
Sch
ool,
alth
ough
not
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h th
e R
ecog
nitio
n P
rogr
am,
is in
clud
ed a
s a
mod
el a
ltern
ativ
e sc
hool
pro
vidi
ng p
erso
naliz
ed s
ervi
ces
for
at-r
isk
stud
ents
.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
The
rec
ent s
choo
l sho
otin
gs h
ave
draw
n he
ight
ened
pub
lic a
ttent
ion
to s
choo
l cri
me
and
safe
ty. U
nfor
tuna
tely
,
publ
ic p
erce
ptio
ns o
f sc
hool
saf
ety
are
ofte
n fu
eled
by
med
ia a
ccou
nts
that
pla
y up
trag
ic e
vent
s an
d fa
il to
pro
vide
ae-
all u
racl
e7rc
tela
ng o
f th
e ac
com
plis
hmen
ts o
f sc
hool
s or
the
prob
lem
s th
ey f
ace.
The
hei
ghte
ned
publ
ic
atte
imi®
how
ever
, doe
s ro
vide
an
oppo
rtun
ity to
clo
sely
exa
min
e w
hat i
s ha
ppen
ing
in s
choo
ls to
day.
As
we
lear
n
tor
e ca
n us
e th
at k
now
ledg
e to
fas
hion
rat
iona
l pol
icie
s an
d st
rate
gies
for
pre
vent
ing
crim
e an
d in
crea
sing
scho
ol s
afet
y.I
Fed
-te
rnat
iona
l Dat
a
Ass
essi
nth
e ac
fetf
of
our
scho
ols,
on
both
nat
iona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l lev
els,
is a
com
plex
und
erta
king
. Thi
s re
port
brin
gs to
geth
er, i
n oi
me
docu
men
t, cr
itica
l inf
orm
atio
n gl
eane
d fr
om n
umer
ous
surv
eys
and
repo
rts.
Whi
le w
e do
n t k
i®w
as
amok
ihut
thre
ats
. sch
ool s
afet
y as
mig
t lik
e, th
icu
meg
it is
a tb
tmg
poin
tsl
im w
hich
an in
itial
aSSG
SS11
111G
4111
!of
s®
hsa
fety
em
aer.
,es.
As
mor
e so
k o
s an
d ju
risd
ictio
ns o
olle
et d
ata
sgto
lork
ime
and
safe
ty is
sues
, we
11 b
e ab
le to
elim
ime
info
rmat
io. g
aps.
Rea
ders
sla
oul
note
that
ts
repo
rt s
peoi
fioa
lly a
ddre
sses
mite
' ton
al in
juri
es a
nd c
r 11
111e
s ag
ainrt
stu
dent
s an
d ie
ooke
rs. S
ome
iiiif
® T
rian
on o
n ur
n ite
roio
Nal
maj
tgri
es a
n. a
gog-
-
clea
tis
pre
sent
ed a
s w
ell.
;laV
AM
A.
Ann
on S
choo
l Saf
ety
I
The
firs
t sec
tion
of th
is c
hapt
er
pres
ents
nat
iona
l dat
a on
sch
ool
crim
e an
d yo
uth
viol
ence
. Dat
a on
inte
rnat
iona
l sch
ool c
rime
and
yout
h vi
olen
ce fo
llow
. The
cha
pter
conc
lude
s w
ith in
form
atio
n on
hate
crim
e an
d ha
rass
men
t.
Dat
a us
ed in
this
cha
pter
are
draw
n fr
om s
ever
al d
iffer
ent
stud
ies
cond
ucte
d by
the
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
the
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
the
Nat
iona
l
Cen
ter
for
Edu
catio
n S
tatis
tics,
the
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
Chi
ld
Hea
lth a
nd H
uman
Dev
elop
men
t, an
d th
e S
urve
y R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
of th
e U
nive
rsity
of M
ichi
gan.
A c
ompl
ete
list o
f the
stud
ies
is in
clud
ed in
the
Ref
eren
ces
sect
ion
of th
is r
epor
t.
All
the
stud
ies
used
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
es,
exce
pt th
e da
ta s
ourc
e on
sch
ool-a
ssoc
iate
d vi
olen
t dea
ths
(whi
ch tr
acke
d al
l sch
ool-a
ssoc
iate
d vi
olen
t dea
ths
in th
e
coun
try)
, and
the
data
sou
rce
for
unin
tent
iona
l inj
urie
s (w
hich
used
the
Nat
iona
l Ped
iatr
ic T
raum
a R
egis
try)
. Dat
a so
urce
s fo
r
the
othe
r st
udie
s va
ried.
Som
e su
rvey
ed d
iffer
ent p
opul
atio
ns
of s
tude
nts,
ano
ther
sur
veye
d te
ache
rs, a
nd y
et a
noth
er
surv
eyed
oth
er s
choo
l sta
ff. D
efin
ition
s of
crim
e, a
ge g
roup
s
anal
yzed
, and
tim
e pe
riods
can
var
y fr
om in
dica
tor
to
indi
cato
r. T
he r
eade
r sh
ould
als
o no
te th
at d
efin
ition
s va
ry
acro
ss s
tudi
es.
For
a m
ore
com
plet
e un
ders
tand
ing
of m
ost o
f the
dat
a in
this
rep
ort,
see
Indi
cato
rs o
f Sch
ool C
rime
and
Saf
ety,
199
9,
or th
e or
igin
al s
tudi
es li
sted
in th
e R
efer
ence
s se
ctio
n.
202
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
A N
AT
ION
AL
PE
RSP
EC
TIV
E
Bui
ldin
g on
dat
a in
clud
ed in
the
1998
Ann
ualR
epor
ton
Sch
ool,
Safe
ty, t
his
sect
ion
prov
ides
a n
atio
nal p
ictu
reof
Am
eric
an s
choo
ls a
nd th
eam
ount
of
viol
ence
and
crim
e ex
peri
ence
d by
thos
ew
ho w
ork
and
lear
n th
ere.
Whe
re p
ossi
ble,
dat
a ar
epr
esen
ted
that
upd
ate
the
1998
Ann
ual R
epor
t, so
that
prog
ress
in c
omba
ting
scho
olvi
olen
ce m
ay b
e tr
acke
dan
d an
alyz
ed. S
ever
al d
ata
sour
ces
have
bee
n ad
ded
to th
e 19
99 A
nnua
l Rep
ort.
Figu
res
with
the
1 ic
onha
ve b
een
upda
ted
from
the
1998
Ann
ual R
epor
t.
Thi
s se
ctio
n at
tem
pts
toad
dres
s th
ose
ques
tions
at t
hehe
art o
f th
e sc
hool
saf
ety
issu
e. A
re m
ost i
njur
ies
that
occu
r at
sch
ool t
he r
esul
tof
vio
lenc
e? H
ow m
uch
crim
eis
occ
urri
ng in
our
Nat
ion'
ssc
hool
s? A
re s
choo
ls m
ore
orle
ss s
afe
than
in th
e pa
st?
Do
stud
ents
fee
l saf
e at
scho
ol?
Wha
t kin
ds o
f cr
imes
are
occu
rrin
g? H
ow li
kely
is it
that
stu
dent
s or
teac
hers
will
bec
ome
vict
ims
ofsc
hool
cri
me?
Aft
er a
rel
ativ
ely
quie
t 199
8-99
sch
ool y
ear,
'we
wer
esu
bjec
ted
to a
rud
e an
d tr
agic
awak
enin
g af
ter
the
shoo
t-
Fig
. 1: T
otal
Num
ber
of S
tude
nts,
Tea
cher
s, a
nd S
choo
ls
TO
TA
LP
UB
LIC
PR
IVA
TE
ST
UD
EN
TS
51,4
00,0
0045
,600
,000
5,80
0,00
0
8TH
GR
AD
E3,
776,
039
3,41
5,15
136
0,88
8
10T
H:G
RA
DE
3,68
2,66
33,
376,
595
306,
068
12T
H G
RA
DE
2,93
8,75
42,
673,
067
265,
687
TE
AC
HE
RS
3,10
0,00
02,
700,
000
400,
000
ELE
ME
NT
AR
Y S
CH
OO
LS64
,800
48,0
0016
,800
MIA
11.E
scH
oots
i-
14,0
0014
,000
HIG
H S
CH
OO
LS17
,800
15,3
002,
500
OT
HE
R.S
CH
OO
LS2
12A
004,
000
8,40
0
TO
TA
L S
CH
OO
LS10
9,00
081
,300
27,7
00
1 D
ue to
the
smal
l num
ber
of p
rivat
e m
iddl
e sc
hool
s, th
ey a
re n
ot c
ount
ed a
s a
sepa
rate
cat
egor
y.2
For
priv
ate
scho
ols,
thes
e ar
e co
mbi
ned
scho
ols
that
.cro
ss th
e el
emen
tary
/sec
onda
ry b
ound
ary.
Not
e: N
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s (p
ublic
and
priv
ate)
are
pro
ject
ed d
ata
from
199
7.98
.N
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
ls a
re fr
om 1
996-
97; n
umbe
r of
priv
ate
scho
ols
are
from
199
5-96
.
Sou
rce:
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n S
tatis
tics,
199
8 (M
ay 1
999,
NC
ES
-199
9036
); O
verv
iew
of P
ublic
Ele
men
tary
and
Sec
onda
ry S
choo
ls a
nd D
istr
icts
, Sch
ool Y
ear
1997
-98
(Oct
ober
199
8, N
CE
S 9
8-20
4);
Pub
lic S
choo
l Stu
dent
, Sta
ff, a
nd G
radu
ate
Cou
nts
by S
tate
, Sch
ool Y
ear
1997
.98
(Aug
ust 1
999,
NC
ES
1999
-327
); P
rivat
e S
choo
l Uni
vers
e S
urve
y, 1
997-
98 (
Aug
ust 1
999,
NC
ES
199
9-31
9)
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
ings
at C
olum
bine
Hig
hSc
hool
. We
wer
e re
min
ded
once
aga
in th
at w
hile
hom
i-ci
des
at s
choo
l are
ext
rem
ely
rare
eve
nts,
they
do
occu
ran
d th
ey a
ffec
t the
per
spec
-tiv
e of
all
Am
eric
ans,
esp
e-ci
ally
sch
oolc
hild
ren.
Hom
icid
es a
t sch
ool P
erD
ICO
Ffi
extr
emel
y ra
re e
vent
s.
Whi
le m
ultip
le h
omic
ide
even
ts h
ave
capt
ured
hea
d-lin
es in
rec
ent y
ears
, the
chan
ce o
f su
ffer
ing
a sc
hool
-as
soci
ated
vio
lent
dea
th is
still
less
than
one
in a
mill
ion,
but e
ven
that
is to
o m
uch.
® P
relim
inar
y da
ta in
dica
teth
at le
ss th
an 1
per
cent
of th
e m
ore
than
2,5
00 c
hil-
dren
nat
ionw
ide
who
wer
em
urde
red
or c
omm
itted
sui
-ci
de in
the
firs
t hal
f of
the
1997
-98
scho
ol y
ear
(Jul
y 1,
1997
to D
ecem
ber
31, 1
997)
wer
e at
sch
ool (
on s
choo
lpr
oper
ty, a
t a ,s
choo
l-sp
onso
red
even
t, or
on
the
way
to o
r fr
om s
choo
l or
a sc
hool
-spo
nsor
ed e
vent
).
0 Fo
r th
e co
mpl
ete
scho
olye
ar, J
uly
1, 1
997
thro
ugh
June
30,
199
8, th
ere
wer
e58
sch
ool-
asso
ciat
ed v
iole
ntde
aths
(st
uden
ts a
nd n
on-
21
stud
ents
) th
at r
esul
ted
from
46 in
cide
nts.
For
ty-s
ix o
fth
ese
viol
ent d
eath
s w
ere
hom
icid
es, 1
1 w
ere
suic
ides
,an
d on
e w
as a
teen
ager
kille
d by
a la
w e
nfor
ce-
men
t off
icer
in th
e co
urse
of d
uty.
Am
ong
the
hom
icid
ede
aths
, 29
wer
e si
ngle
hom
i-ci
des,
14
wer
e ho
mic
ides
inev
ents
with
mul
tiple
vic
tims,
and
thre
e w
ere
part
of
a co
m-
bina
tion
hom
icid
e/su
icid
e.A
mon
g th
e ho
mic
ide
vict
ims,
30 (
65 p
erce
nt)
wer
e m
ale.
Als
o, 3
4 (7
4 pe
rcen
t) w
ere
scho
ol-a
ged
child
ren,
six
(13
perc
ent)
wer
e sc
hool
staf
f, a
nd s
ix (
13 p
erce
nt)
wer
e no
t aff
iliat
ed w
ith a
nysc
hool
.
Thi
rty-
two
(70
perc
ent)
of
the
hom
icid
es a
t sch
ool
occu
rred
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
one
(2 p
erce
nt)
occu
rred
at a
sch
ool-
spon
sore
d ev
ent,
and
13 (
28 p
erce
nt)
occu
rr-
ed in
tran
sit t
o or
fro
msc
hool
or
at s
choo
l-sp
on-
sore
d ev
ent.
Of
the
suic
ide
deat
hs,
eigh
t wer
e si
ngle
sui
cide
s,an
d th
ree
wer
e pa
rt o
f a
com
bina
tion
hom
icid
e/su
i-ci
de. A
mon
g th
e su
icid
e vi
c-tim
s, 1
0 (9
1 pe
rcen
t) w
ere
mal
e, s
ix (
55 p
erce
nt)
wer
e
22
scho
ol-a
ged
child
ren,
one
(9 p
erce
nt)
was
sch
ool s
taff
,an
d fo
ur (
36 p
erce
nt)
wer
eno
t aff
iliat
ed w
ith a
nysc
hool
.
Nin
e (8
2 pe
rcen
t) o
f th
esu
icid
es o
ccur
red
on s
choo
lpr
oper
ty. T
wo
(18
perc
ent)
occu
rred
in tr
ansi
t to
orfr
om s
choo
l or
at a
sch
ool-
spon
sore
d ev
ent.
Mul
tiple
-vic
tim h
omic
ide
even
ts a
t sch
ool h
ave
incr
ease
d.
Alth
ough
ther
e w
ere
few
erfa
tal s
choo
l-as
soci
ated
vio
-le
nce
inci
dent
s in
the
1997
-98
scho
ol y
ear
(46
tota
l)th
an in
199
2-93
(55
tota
l), t
heto
tal n
umbe
r of
mul
tiple
-vic
-tim
hom
icid
e ev
ents
app
ears
to h
ave
incr
ease
d (s
ee f
igur
e2)
. Mul
tiple
-vic
tim h
omic
ides
incl
ude
even
ts w
here
an
offe
nder
fat
ally
inju
res
mor
eth
an o
ne v
ictim
. Com
bina
tion
hom
icid
e/su
icid
es a
nd m
ulti-
ple
suic
ides
are
exc
lude
dfr
om th
is c
ount
.
Sinc
e th
e 19
92-9
3 sc
hool
year
, the
re h
as b
een
at le
ast
one
mul
tiple
-vic
tim h
omic
ide
even
t eac
h ye
ar (
exce
pt f
orth
e 19
93-9
4 sc
hool
yea
r).
The
num
ber
incr
ease
d fr
omtw
o ev
ents
in 1
992-
93 to
fiv
eev
ents
in 1
997-
98.
Fig
. 2: M
ultip
le-V
ictim
Hom
icid
e E
vent
s at
Sch
ool
Num
ber
of e
vent
s at
all
scho
ols
with
mul
tiple
hom
icid
e vi
ctim
s:sc
hool
yea
r 19
92-9
3 to
sch
ool y
ear
1997
-98
Num
ber
5 4
1991
513
1991
'94
1944
-95
loS
tbvi
tort
ilV
IVA
%S
ourc
e: T
he S
choo
l-Ass
ocia
ted
Vio
lent
Dea
ths
Stu
dy, C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, th
e U
.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, a
nd th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e.
Mos
t inj
urie
s th
at o
ccur
at
scho
ol a
re n
ot th
e re
sult
ofvi
olen
ce.
Am
ong
child
ren
(age
s S
thro
ugh
18)
who
wer
e ad
mit-
ted
to a
ped
iatr
ic tr
aum
a un
itor
chi
ldre
n's
hosp
ital f
or a
nin
jury
sus
tain
ed a
t sch
ool,
90pe
rcen
t wer
e in
jure
d un
inte
n-tio
nally
thro
ugh
falls
, spo
rts,
and
scho
ol e
quip
men
t (e.
g.w
ood
shop
equ
ipm
ent)
.
Falls
wer
e th
e m
ost c
om-
mon
type
of
scho
ol in
jury
,ac
coun
ting
for
43 p
erce
nt o
fal
l adm
issi
ons.
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Des
pite
rec
ent o
ccur
renc
es,
scho
ols
shou
ld n
ot b
e si
n-gl
ed o
ut a
s es
peci
ally
dan
-ge
rous
pla
ces
in th
e co
m-
mun
ity. M
ost s
choo
l crim
eis
thef
t, no
t ser
ious
vio
lent
crim
e.
The
nat
ure
of c
rim
e aw
ayfr
om s
choo
l is
far
mor
e se
ri-
ous
than
at s
choo
l.T
hank
fully
, ser
ious
vio
lent
crim
e ra
tes
(as
wel
l as
thef
tra
tes)
are
dow
n bo
th a
tsc
hool
and
aw
ay f
rom
sch
ool
as c
ompa
red
with
the
1996
data
pre
sent
ed in
last
yea
r'sA
nnua
l Rep
ort.
Stud
ents
age
s 12
thro
ugh
18w
ere
mor
e lik
ely
to b
e vi
c-tim
s of
ser
ious
vio
lent
cri
me
23A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
3
00-F
ig. 3
: Ser
ious
Vio
lent
Crim
e A
gain
st S
tude
nts
At a
nd A
way
from
Sch
ool
Num
ber
of s
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rimes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2 th
roug
h 18
per
1,00
0 st
uden
ts: (
1992
-97)
:
Num
ber
per
IMO
D
40 30 20 10 0
Aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l
At s
choo
l
00-F
ig. 4
: The
fts A
gain
st S
tude
nts
At a
nd A
way
from
Sch
ool
Num
ber
of th
efts
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2 th
roug
h 18
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts
(199
2-97
):
Num
ber
per
1,00
0
rnr
100
80 60 40 20
0V
A%
N'1
9119
94I9
t5N
9913
1991
Not
e: S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rimes
incl
ude
rope
, sex
ual a
ssau
lt, r
obbe
ry, a
nd a
ggra
vate
d as
saul
t.
Sou
rce:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Crim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Sur
vey,
199
2-97
.
Aw
ay f
rom
sch
ool
At s
choo
l
roi
lon
orIL
-
I'M01
1994
1995
104
Sou
rce:
U.S
. Dep
ortm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Crim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Sur
vey,
199
2-97
.
00.F
ig. 5
: Tot
al C
rimes
Aga
inst
Stu
dent
s A
t and
Aw
ay fr
om S
choo
l
Num
ber
of to
tal c
rimes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2 th
roug
h 18
per
1,0
00st
uden
ts (
1992
-97)
:
Num
ber
per
1,00
0
200
Aw
ay f
rom
sch
ool
At s
choo
l
00-
Fig
. 6: R
epor
ted
Inju
ries
or T
hrea
ts b
y S
tude
nts
Per
cent
age
of 1
2th
grad
e st
uden
ts a
t pub
lic a
nd p
rivat
e sc
hool
s w
hore
port
ed b
eing
inju
red
or th
reat
ened
with
inju
ry a
t sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pa
st12
mon
ths
(199
7):
Per
cent
30
150
4,or
-
:.
25 2010
0:
15
5010
05
'. .O
r f'o
::-
.19
911
IvA
llii
k10
Ilib
.01
0
Not
e: T
otal
crim
es in
clud
e th
efts
and
vio
lent
crim
es. V
iole
nt c
rimes
incl
ude
rope
, sex
ual a
ssau
lt, r
obbe
ry,
aggr
avat
ed a
ssau
lt, a
nd s
impl
e as
saul
t.
Sou
rce:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Crim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Sur
vey,
199
2-97
.
Inju
red
with
a w
eapo
nIn
jure
d on
pur
pose
with
out a
wea
pon
Thr
eate
ned
with
inju
ryT
hrea
tene
d w
ith in
jury
with
a w
eapo
nw
ithou
t a w
eapo
n
Not
e: E
xam
ples
of w
eapo
ns a
re k
nive
s, g
uns,
and
clu
bs. "
At s
choo
l' m
eans
insi
de o
r ou
tsid
e th
e sc
hool
build
ing
or o
n a
scho
ol b
us.
Sou
rce:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n, S
urve
y R
esea
rch
Cen
ter,
Inst
itute
for
Soc
ial R
esea
rch,
Mon
itorin
g th
e F
utur
e, 1
997.
24
4 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
away
fro
m s
choo
l tha
n at
scho
ol. I
n 19
97, a
bout
24
ofev
ery
1,00
0 st
uden
ts (
ages
12
to 1
8) w
ere
vict
ims
of s
erio
usvi
olen
t cri
mes
aw
ay f
rom
scho
ol (
a to
tal o
f63
5,90
0
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es).
In
cont
rast
, onl
y ei
ght o
f ev
ery
1,00
0 st
uden
ts w
ere
vict
ims
of s
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
esat
sch
ool o
r go
ing
to a
ndfr
om s
choo
l (20
1,80
0 to
tal)
(see
fig
ure
3).
In 1
997,
ther
e w
ere
63th
efts
for
eve
ry 1
,000
stu
dent
s(a
ges
12 to
18)
at s
choo
l (se
efi
gure
4).
The
ft a
ccou
nted
for
abou
t 61
perc
ent o
f al
l cri
me
agai
nst s
tude
nts
at s
choo
lth
at y
ear.
Stu
dent
s in
sch
ool t
oday
are
less
like
ly to
be
vict
im-
ized
than
in p
revi
ous
year
s.
Sin
ce 1
993,
the
over
all s
choo
lcr
ime
rate
for
stu
dent
sag
es 1
2 to
18
has
decl
ined
as
have
rat
es o
f cr
ime
outs
ide
of s
choo
l for
this
gro
up.
The
ove
rall
scho
ol c
rim
era
te b
etw
een
1993
and
199
7de
clin
ed, f
rom
abo
ut15
5
scho
ol-r
elat
ed c
rim
es f
orev
ery
1,00
0 st
uden
ts a
ges
12 to
18
in 1
993
to a
bout
102
such
cri
mes
in 1
997.
Cri
me
vict
imiz
atio
n ou
tsid
e of
scho
ol d
eclin
ed f
rom
abo
ut13
9 cr
imes
for
eve
ry 1
,000
stud
ents
in th
is a
ge g
roup
in19
93, t
o 11
7 su
ch c
rim
es in
1997
(se
e fi
gure
5).
In 1
997,
5 p
erce
nt o
f al
l 12t
hgr
ader
s re
port
ed th
at th
eyha
d be
en in
jure
d on
pur
pose
with
a w
eapo
n su
ch a
s a
knif
e, g
un, o
r cl
ub d
urin
g th
epr
ior
12 m
onth
s w
hile
they
wer
e at
sch
ool,
and
14 p
erce
ntre
port
ed th
at th
ey h
ad b
een
inju
red
on p
urpo
se w
ithou
t aw
eapo
n. T
hese
num
bers
have
rem
aine
d fa
irly
sta
ble
over
the
past
20
year
s (s
eefi
gure
s6
and
7).
Tea
cher
s ar
e vi
ctim
s of
crim
e at
sch
ool a
s w
ell.
As
with
stu
dent
cri
me,
mos
tcr
imes
aga
inst
teac
hers
are
thef
ts. T
each
ers
in u
rban
scho
ols
are
mor
e vu
lner
able
to c
rim
e at
sch
ool t
han
are
subu
rban
sch
ool t
each
ers.
On
aver
age,
eac
h ye
ar f
rom
1993
-97,
ther
e w
ere
131,
400
viol
ent c
rim
es a
gain
st te
ach-
ers
at s
choo
l and
222
,800
thef
ts f
rom
teac
hers
at
scho
ol, a
s re
port
ed b
y te
ach-
ers
from
bot
h pu
blic
and
pri
-va
te s
choo
ls. T
his
tran
slat
esin
to a
rat
e of
31
viol
ent
crim
es f
or e
very
1,0
00 te
ach-
ers
and
a ra
te o
f 53
thef
ts f
orev
ery
1,00
0 te
ache
rs.
26
00. F
ig. 7
: Inj
urie
s at
Sch
ool,
With
a W
eapo
n
Perc
enta
ge o
f12
th g
rade
rs w
ho r
epor
ted
that
som
eone
had
inju
red
them
with
a w
eapo
n at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pa
st 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y se
x (1
977-
97):
Tot
al
0 M
ale
Fem
ale
Per
cent
10 8 6 4 2 0
rakt
4004
4.4a
zire
Olt
44tiz
zz,o
prae
rfae
m14
°_6z
rerm
ema.
N N
N57
?st
r2.
..
0S
... N
S.
.52.
Not
e: E
xam
ples
of w
eapo
ns a
re k
nive
s, g
uns,
and
dub
s. A
t sch
ool'
mea
ns in
side
or
outs
ide
the
scho
olbu
ildin
g or
on
a sc
hool
bus
.
Sou
rce:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n, S
urve
y R
esea
rch
Cen
ter,
Inst
itute
for
Soc
ial R
esea
rch,
Mon
itorin
g th
e F
utur
eS
tudy
, 197
7-97
.
00. F
ig. 8
: Non
fata
l Crim
es A
gain
st T
each
ers
at S
choo
l by
Inst
ruct
iona
l Lev
el
NuM
ber
of n
onfa
tal c
rimes
aga
inst
teac
hers
at s
choo
l per
1,0
00 te
ache
rs,
by ty
pe o
f crim
e an
d in
stru
ctio
nal l
evel
from
199
3-97
'1 Ea
Ele
men
tary
D M
iddl
e or
juni
or h
igh
ra S
enio
r hi
ghN
umbe
r pe
r 1,
000
140
120
100
80 60 40 20 0T
otal
'T
heft
Vio
lent
'T
ype
of c
rime
Ser
ious
Vio
lent
'
1 T
otal
crim
es in
clud
e ra
pe/s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, agg
rava
ted
assa
ult,
sim
ple
assa
ult a
nd th
eft.
2 V
iole
nt c
rimes
incl
ude
rope
/sex
ual a
ssau
lt, r
obbe
ry, a
ggra
vate
d as
saul
t, an
d si
mpl
e as
saul
t.3
Ser
ious
vio
lent
crim
es in
clud
e ra
pe/s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult w
hich
are
incl
uded
invi
olen
t crim
e.4
An
aver
age
rate
was
cal
cula
ted
for
data
agg
rega
ted
from
199
3-97
.
Sou
rce:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Crim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Sur
vey,
199
3-97
.
On
aver
age
each
yea
r fr
om19
93-9
7,ab
out f
our
out o
fev
ery
1,00
0 el
emen
tary
, mid
-dl
e, a
nd h
igh
scho
ol te
ache
rsw
ere
the
vict
ims
of s
erio
usvi
olen
t cri
me
at s
choo
l(s
ee f
igur
e 8)
.
Tea
cher
s in
urb
an s
choo
ls(3
9 fo
r ev
ery
1,00
0 te
ache
rs)
wer
e m
ore
likel
y to
be
vict
ims
of v
iole
nt c
rim
e th
anw
ere
teac
hers
in s
ubur
ban
scho
ols
(22
for
ever
y 1,
000
teac
hers
) (s
ee f
igur
e 9)
.
Few
er s
tude
nts
are
carr
y-in
g w
eapo
ns a
nd e
ngag
ing
in p
hysi
cal f
ight
s on
sch
ool
grou
nds.
How
ever
, cer
tain
grou
ps o
f stu
dent
s ar
e at
grea
ter
risk
than
oth
ers
for
thes
e ac
tiviti
es.
The
pre
senc
e of
wea
pons
and
phys
ical
fig
hts
at s
choo
lis
dan
gero
us a
nd d
isru
ptiv
eto
the
lear
ning
env
iron
men
t.C
ontr
ary
to p
ublic
per
cep-
tion,
how
ever
, stu
dent
wea
pon-
carr
ying
and
phy
si-
cal f
ight
ing
have
dec
lined
stea
dily
in r
ecen
t yea
rs.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
00-
Fig
. 9: N
onfa
tal C
rimes
Aga
inst
Tea
cher
s at
Sch
ool b
y U
rban
icity
Num
ber
of n
onfa
tal c
rimes
aga
inst
teac
hers
at s
choo
l per
1,0
00 te
ache
rs,
by ty
pe o
f crim
e an
d in
stru
ctio
nal l
evel
from
199
3-97
'.
Num
ber
per
1,00
0
120
100
-80 60 40 20 0
0 U
rban
0Sub
urba
n0
Rur
al
Tod
The
ftV
iole
ntT
ype
of C
rime
Ser
ious
Vio
lent
3
1 T
otal
crim
es in
clud
e ra
pe/s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, agg
rava
ted
assa
ult,
sim
ple
assa
ult a
nd th
eft.
2 V
iole
nt c
rimes
incl
ude
rape
/sex
ual a
ssau
lt, r
obbe
ry, a
ggra
vate
d as
saul
t, an
d si
mpl
e as
saul
t.3
Ser
ious
vio
lent
crim
es in
clud
e ra
pe/s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult w
hich
are
incl
uded
invi
olen
t crim
e.4
An
aver
age
rate
was
cal
cula
ted
for
data
agg
rega
ted
Fro
m 1
993-
97.
Sou
rce:
U.S
. Dep
ortm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Crim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Sur
vey,
199
3-97
. 27A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
5
28
6 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
Fig
. 10:
Wea
pon
Car
ryin
g an
d P
hysi
cal F
ight
ing
Tre
nds
Per
cent
age
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9
thro
ugh
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
carr
ying
a w
eapo
n or
figh
ting
on s
choo
l pro
pert
y (1
993,
199
5, 1
997)
:
Per
cent
20
0 In
volv
ed in
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
on
at le
ast o
ne o
ccas
ion
in th
e pa
st 1
2 m
onth
s
0 C
arrie
d a
wea
pon
to s
choo
l on
at le
ast o
ne o
f the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s
15 10 5
)
0
180
Not
e: E
xam
ples
of w
eapo
ns a
re k
nive
s, g
uns,
and
clu
bs. '
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty°
was
not
def
ined
for
the
ques
tionn
aire
res
pond
ent.
Sou
rce:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r S
urve
illan
ce S
yste
m.
c* F
ig. 1
1: 1
2th
Gra
ders
Car
ryin
g a
Gun
to S
choo
l
Per
cent
age
of 1
2th-
grad
ers
who
rep
orte
d ca
rryi
ng a
gun
to s
choo
l at l
east
one
day
in th
e pa
st fo
ur w
eeks
, by
gend
er (
1994
-97)
:
Per
cent
CI
Tot
al
0 M
ale
0 Fe
mal
e14 12 10 8 6 4 2
ittIM
EI=
MU
CE
Fil=
1:M
3111
10
00.
1
(.0
ae
Not
e: 'T
o sc
hool
' was
not
def
ined
for
the
ques
tionn
aire
res
pond
ent.
Sou
rce:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n, S
urve
y R
esea
rch
Cen
ter,
Inst
itute
for
Soc
ial R
esea
rch,
Mon
itorin
g th
e F
utur
eS
tudy
, 199
4-97
.
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Bet
wee
n 19
93an
d19
97,
ther
e w
as a
sig
nifi
cant
decr
ease
in th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
high
sch
ool s
tude
nts
who
carr
ied
a w
eapo
n (f
or e
xam
-pl
e, a
clu
b, k
nife
, or
gun)
on s
choo
l pro
pert
y, a
nd in
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
tsin
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
on
scho
olpr
oper
ty, o
n at
leas
t one
of th
e30
days
pre
cedi
ng th
esu
rvey
(se
e fi
gure
10)
.
The
se d
eclin
es w
ere
sim
ilar
acro
ss s
ex, g
rade
, and
rac
e/et
hnic
sub
grou
ps, b
ut m
ale
stud
ents
, you
nger
stu
dent
s,an
d B
lack
and
His
pani
c st
u-de
nts
wer
e co
nsis
tent
ly m
ore
likel
y th
an th
eir
peer
s to
enga
ge in
thes
e be
havi
ors.
Abo
ut3
perc
ent o
f 12
thgr
ade
stud
ents
rep
orte
dca
rryi
ng a
gun
to s
choo
lat
leas
t one
day
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
fou
r-w
eek
peri
od.
Thi
s pe
rcen
tage
rem
aine
dfa
irly
sta
ble
from
1994
-97
(see
fig
ure
11).
The
re a
re c
onse
quen
ces
for
stud
ents
who
carr
yfir
earm
sto
sch
ool
For
the
1997
-98
scho
olye
ar, S
tate
s an
d te
rrito
ries
repo
rted
that
they
had
expe
lled
an e
stim
ated
3,9
30st
uden
ts f
or b
ring
ing
afi
rear
m to
sch
ool.
The
num
-be
r of
exp
ulsi
ons
decl
ined 29
from
5,72
4fo
r th
e19
96-9
7
scho
ol y
ear.
In
part
, thi
sde
clin
e is
due
to im
prov
e-m
ents
in d
ata
colle
ctio
nan
d re
port
ing.
The
refo
re,
caut
ion
shou
ld b
e us
ed w
hen
inte
rpre
ting
thes
e da
ta.
Few
er th
an h
alf
of th
est
uden
ts e
xpel
led
duri
ng th
e19
97-9
8sc
hool
yea
r w
ere
refe
rred
for
alte
rnat
ive
plac
e-m
ents
. Stu
dent
s ex
pelle
dfo
r fi
rear
ms
ofte
n do
not
rece
ive
educ
atio
nal s
ervi
ces
thro
ugh
alte
rnat
ive
prog
ram
sor
sch
ools
. Cur
rent
ly, v
ery
little
is k
now
n ab
out t
henu
mbe
r or
nat
ure
of a
ltern
a-tiv
e pr
ogra
ms.
The
U.S
.D
epar
tmen
t of
Edu
catio
n is
cond
uctin
g a
surv
ey o
f sc
hool
dist
rict
s to
hel
p pr
ovid
ebe
tter
info
rmat
ion
abou
tth
ese
prog
ram
s an
d sc
hool
s.In
form
atio
n fr
om th
is s
tudy
will
be
avai
labl
e in
2001
.
Min
ority
stu
dent
s an
dyo
ung
stud
ents
feel
less
safe
at s
choo
l tha
n ot
hers
.
Acc
ordi
ng to
the
1998
Nat
iona
l Ass
essm
ent o
fE
duca
tiona
l Pro
gres
s (N
AE
P),
high
er p
erce
ntag
es o
f B
lack
and
His
pani
c 4t
h gr
ade
stu-
dent
s re
port
ed f
eelin
g "v
ery
unsa
fe"
at s
choo
l (9
perc
ent
and
6pe
rcen
t, re
spec
tivel
y)th
an d
id W
hite
stu
dent
s at
that
gra
de le
vel (
2 pe
rcen
t).
Fig
. 12:
4th
-, 8
th-,
and
12t
h-G
rade
Stu
dent
s W
ho W
ere
Not
Thr
eate
ned
by A
noth
er S
tude
nt D
urin
g th
eP
ast M
onth
Per
cent
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 -
-20 10 0
0 4t
h G
rade
08th
Gra
de0
12th
Gra
de
Aus
tral
iaA
ustr
iaC
zech
Rep
ublic
Sou
rce:
[EA
Thi
rd In
tern
atio
nal M
athe
mat
ics
and
Sci
ence
Stu
dy, 1
995
-96.
Icel
and
New
Zea
land
Nor
way
Slo
veni
aU
NIT
ED
ST
AT
ES
Acc
ordi
ng to
the
1998
NA
EP,
com
pare
d to
4th
and
8th
grad
e st
uden
ts, f
ewer
12th
gra
de s
tude
nts
repo
rted
feel
ing
"ver
y un
safe
" at
scho
ol, r
egar
dles
s of
rac
e.
AN
INT
ER
NA
TIO
NA
LP
ER
SP
EC
TIV
E
The
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
not
the
only
cou
ntry
that
con
fron
tsyo
uth
and
scho
ol v
iole
nce.
Whi
le it
is d
iffi
cult
to c
om-
pare
the
Uni
ted
Stat
esto
oth
er c
ount
ries
on
scho
olsa
fety
and
you
th v
iole
nce
issu
es, s
ever
al s
tudi
esha
ve b
een
cond
ucte
d ac
ross
coun
trie
s th
at p
rovi
deco
mpa
rabl
e da
ta o
n fe
elin
gsof
saf
ety,
bul
lyin
g, a
nd 30
stud
ent b
ehav
ior.
The
dat
afr
om th
ese
stud
ies
are
pre-
sent
ed in
this
sec
tion.
The
Thi
rd In
tern
atio
nal
Mat
hem
atic
al a
nd S
cien
ces
Stu
dy (
TIM
SS
)
TIM
SS, c
ondu
cted
in 1
995,
cons
ists
of
data
fro
m h
alf
am
illio
n st
uden
ts in
4th
, 8th
,an
d 12
th g
rade
s in
41
coun
trie
s. T
he e
ight
cou
ntri
esth
at h
ad d
ata
at a
ll th
ree
leve
ls w
ere
used
in th
isre
port
.
Acr
oss
seve
ral c
ount
ries
,ol
der
stud
ents
wer
e m
ore
like-
ly th
an y
oung
er s
tude
nts
not
to h
ave
been
thre
aten
ed b
yan
othe
r st
uden
t (se
e fi
gure
12)
.
Whi
le, o
vera
ll, f
ewer
12t
hgr
ade
stud
ents
(co
mpa
red
to4t
h or
8th
gra
de s
tude
nts)
repo
rted
bei
ng th
reat
ened
,U
.S. 1
2th
grad
ers
wer
e m
ore
likel
y to
hav
e be
en th
reat
ened
than
12t
h gr
ader
s fr
om o
ther
coun
trie
s (s
ee f
igur
e 12
).
31A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
7
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
132
8 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
Fig
. 13:
15-
Yea
r-O
ld S
tude
nts
Who
Wer
e N
ot in
a P
hysi
cal F
ight
Dur
ing
the
Pas
t 12
Mon
ths:
199
7-98
Sch
ool Y
ear:
Per
cent
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0P
ortu
gal
Isra
elS
wed
enU
NIT
ED
ST
AT
ES
'Rep
blic
of I
ela
nd
'Sig
nific
antly
diff
eren
t fro
m th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s.
'Sou
rce:
The
Wor
ld H
ealth
Org
aniz
atio
n S
tudy
of H
ealth
Beh
avio
r in
Sch
ool-A
ged
Chi
ldre
n, U
.S. N
atio
nal
Inst
itute
of C
hild
Hea
lth a
nd H
uman
Dev
elop
men
t, B
ethe
sda,
MD
.
Fig
. 14:
15-
Yea
r-O
ld S
tude
nts
Who
Did
Not
Car
ry a
Wea
pon
for
Sel
f-D
efen
se D
urin
g th
e P
ast 3
0 D
ays
(199
7-98
Sch
ool Y
ear)
:
Per
cent
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
'Por
tuga
lU
NIT
ED
ST
AT
ES
Hun
gary
Rep
ublic
of
Isra
el*B
elgi
umIr
elan
dF
lem
ish
'Sig
nific
antly
diff
eren
t fro
m th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s.
Sou
rce:
The
Wor
ld H
ealth
Org
aniz
atio
n S
tudy
of H
ealth
Beh
avio
r in
Sch
ool-A
ged
Chi
ldre
n, U
.S. N
atio
nal
Inst
itute
of C
hild
Hea
lth a
nd H
uman
Dev
elop
men
t, B
ethe
sda,
MD
.
Fig
. 15:
15-
Yea
r-O
ld S
tude
nts
Who
Wer
e lo
t Bul
lied
at S
choo
l Dur
ing
the
Cur
rent
Ter
m (
1997
-98
Sch
ool Y
ear)
:
Per
cent
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
,o4
.rt,
,e
.Ce
'Sig
nific
antly
diff
eren
t fro
m th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s.
Sou
rce:
The
Wor
ld H
ealth
Org
aniz
atio
n S
tudy
of H
ealth
Beh
avio
r in
Sch
ool-A
ged
Chi
ldre
n, U
.S. N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of C
hild
Hea
lth a
nd H
uman
Dev
elop
men
t, B
ethe
sda,
MD
.
3 3
The
Hea
lth B
ehav
ior
ofS
choo
l Chi
ldre
n S
tudy
Thi
s sc
hool
-bas
ed r
esea
rch
stud
y, p
erfo
rmed
for
the
firs
ttim
e in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es in
1997
-98,
has
bee
n co
n-
duct
ed e
very
fou
r ye
ars
byE
urop
ean
coun
trie
s si
nce
1982
. The
res
earc
h go
al is
toin
crea
se o
ur u
nder
stan
ding
of
heal
th b
ehav
iors
, lif
esty
les,
and
thei
r co
ntex
t in
youn
gpe
ople
, age
s 11
to 1
5 ye
ars.
The
stu
dy p
rovi
des
data
on
120,
000
stud
ents
fro
m 2
8co
untr
ies
for
the
1997
-98
scho
ol y
ear.
Fif
teen
cou
ntri
esin
clud
ed q
uest
ions
on
inju
ryan
d vi
olen
ce, s
ix o
f w
hich
are
used
in th
is r
epor
t. T
hese
coun
trie
s w
ere
sele
cted
beca
use
thei
r st
udy
met
hods
and
ques
tions
wer
e si
mila
r to
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es. D
ata
for
15-y
ear-
old
stud
ents
are
pre
-se
nted
bec
ause
they
are
mor
ecl
osel
y re
late
d to
the
natio
nal
data
pre
sent
ed in
the
firs
tse
ctio
n of
this
cha
pter
.
Dur
ing
the
past
12
mon
ths,
the
maj
ority
of
15-y
ear-
old
stud
ents
acr
oss
seve
ral c
oun-
trie
s (i
nclu
ding
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es)
have
not
bee
n in
aph
ysic
al f
ight
(se
e fi
gure
13)
.
Dur
ing
the
past
30
days
,th
e m
ajor
ity o
f 15
-yea
r-ol
dst
uden
ts a
cros
s se
vera
l cou
n-tr
ies
(inc
ludi
ng th
e U
nite
d
Fig
. 16:
15-
Yea
r-O
ld S
tude
nts
Who
Rep
orte
d A
lway
s F
eelin
g S
afe
at S
choo
l (19
97-9
8 S
choo
lY
ear)
:
Perc
ent
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
b`
'Sig
nific
antly
diff
eren
t fro
m th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s.
e s4.
Or
4',
4°`4
$.44
,,
,-t"
,c;
o`4b
4,,s
o
Sou
rce:
The
Wor
ld H
ealth
Org
aniz
atio
n S
tudy
ofH
ealth
Beh
avio
r in
Sch
ool-A
ged
Chi
ldre
n, U
.S. N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of C
hild
Hea
lth a
ndH
uman
Dev
elop
men
t,B
ethe
sda,
MD
.
Stat
es)
did
not c
arry
aw
eapo
n fo
r se
lf-d
efen
se (
see
figu
re 1
4).
A s
ubst
antia
l maj
ority
of
15-y
ear-
old
stud
ents
acr
oss
man
y co
untr
ies
wer
e no
t bul
-lie
d at
sch
ool (
see
figu
re 1
5).
Alth
ough
the
maj
ority
of
stud
ents
in m
any
coun
trie
sw
ere
not b
ullie
d at
sch
ool,
few
er s
tude
nts
repo
rted
alw
ays
feel
ing
safe
at s
choo
l(s
ee f
igur
e 16
).
Japa
nese
Gov
ernm
ent
Stu
dy
A s
tudy
con
duct
ed b
y th
eJa
pane
se g
over
nmen
t fou
ndth
at, i
n 19
97, J
apan
ese
scho
ols
expe
rien
ced
viol
ence
,in
clud
ing
viol
ence
aga
inst
teac
hers
, vio
lenc
e am
ong
stu-
dent
s, a
nd p
rope
rty
dam
age.
The
mos
t com
mon
type
of
viol
ence
occ
urre
dam
ong
stud
ents
. Exa
mpl
es o
f vi
olen
t
acts
occ
urri
ng a
mon
gst
uden
ts in
clud
e ar
gum
ents
amon
g st
uden
ts th
at r
esul
ted
in in
juri
es a
nd p
hysi
cal
figh
ts. A
cts
of v
iole
nce
occu
rred
in 2
per
cent
of
ele-
men
tary
sch
ools
, 30
perc
ent
of m
iddl
e sc
hool
s, a
nd 3
7pe
rcen
t of
high
sch
ools
.
App
roxi
mat
ely
43,0
00 in
ci-
dent
s of
bul
lyin
g oc
curr
ed in
publ
ic J
apan
ese
elem
enta
ry,
mid
dle,
and
hig
h sc
hool
s.T
he la
rges
t num
ber
of b
ully
-in
g in
cide
nts
occu
rred
am
ong
the
firs
t-ye
ar m
iddl
e-sc
hool
stud
ents
. Aft
er th
e fi
rst y
ear
of m
iddl
e sc
hool
, the
inci
-de
nts
of b
ully
ing
drop
ped
prog
ress
ivel
y at
eac
h hi
gher
grad
e le
vel.
33A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n Sc
hool
Saf
ety
9
Fig
. 17:
Hat
e C
rimes
Leg
isla
tion e3
Sta
tes
With
out H
ate
Crim
es L
esgi
slat
ion
Ark
ansa
sK
ansa
s
Geo
rgia
New
Mex
ico
Haw
aii
Sout
h C
arol
ina
Indi
ana
Wyo
min
g
36
10 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
HA
RA
SS
ME
NT
AN
D H
AT
EC
RIM
E
Fost
erin
g an
d m
aint
aini
ng a
safe
lear
ning
env
iron
men
tm
eans
cre
atin
g a
clim
ate
ofto
lera
nce
in w
hich
all
stu-
dent
s ar
e co
mfo
rtab
le,
resp
ecte
d, a
nd s
ecur
e.H
owev
er, b
ecau
se o
f st
ereo
-ty
pes,
igno
ranc
e an
d in
tole
r-an
ce, c
erta
in in
divi
dual
s an
dgr
oups
tend
to b
e al
iena
ted
from
thei
r fe
llow
stu
dent
s. A
sour
ce o
f co
nflic
t in
man
ysc
hool
s is
the
perc
eive
d or
real
pro
blem
of
bias
and
unfa
ir tr
eatm
ent o
f st
uden
tsbe
caus
e of
eth
nici
ty, g
ende
r,ra
ce, s
ocia
l cla
ss, r
elig
ion,
disa
bilit
y, n
atio
nalit
y, s
exua
lor
ient
atio
n, p
hysi
cal a
ppea
r-an
ce, o
r so
me
othe
r fa
ctor
both
by
staf
f an
d pe
ers.
In
this
con
text
, the
topi
c of
hat
ecr
ime
and
hara
ssm
ent h
asbe
en th
e su
bjec
t of
natio
nal
conc
ern,
par
ticul
arly
with
rega
rd to
you
ng p
eopl
e. T
his
sect
ion
pres
ents
the
curr
ent
stat
us o
f ha
te c
rim
e an
dha
rass
men
t leg
isla
tion
and
rela
ted
stat
istic
s.
Def
initi
on o
f Hat
e C
rime
Hat
e cr
ime,
as
defi
ned
inse
ctio
n 28
0003
(a)
of th
eV
iole
nt C
rim
e C
ontr
ol a
ndL
aw E
nfor
cem
ent A
ct o
f19
94 (
28 U
.S.C
. 994
not
e),
is a
term
use
d to
des
crib
ecr
imes
aga
inst
indi
vidu
als
whe
re th
e vi
ctim
was
sel
ecte
dbe
caus
e of
the
race
, ski
nco
lor,
eth
nici
ty/n
atio
nal
orig
in, s
exua
l ori
enta
tion,
gend
er, r
elig
ion
or d
isab
ility
of a
ny p
erso
n. A
hat
e cr
ime
unde
r th
is p
rovi
sion
is n
ot,
in f
act,
a sp
ecif
ic c
rim
e.R
athe
r, th
e pr
ovis
ion
refe
rsto
pen
alty
enh
ance
men
ts f
orcr
imes
mot
ivat
ed b
y bi
ases
agai
nst a
vic
tim. I
f a
Fede
ral
pros
ecut
or c
an p
rove
that
one
or m
ore
fact
orss
uch
as a
vic
tim's
rac
e, r
elig
ion,
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
37
disa
bilit
y, o
r an
y of
the
othe
rca
tego
ries
pro
tect
ed b
y la
wm
otiv
ated
a c
rim
inal
act
,ha
te c
rim
e la
ws
can
incr
ease
the
leng
th o
f an
off
ende
r'spr
ison
sen
tenc
e by
as
muc
has
37
perc
ent.
Law
s th
at P
rote
ct A
gain
stH
ate
Crim
e
A n
umbe
r of
fed
eral
and
stat
e la
ws
proh
ibit
acts
or
thre
ats
of v
iole
nce,
as
wel
l as
hara
ssm
ent a
nd d
iscr
imin
a-tio
n, b
ased
on
race
, col
or,
relig
ion,
nat
iona
l ori
gin,
sex
-ua
l ori
enta
tion,
gen
der
and/
or d
isab
ility
. Fed
eral
and
stat
e ha
te c
rim
e an
d ci
vil
righ
ts la
ws
may
als
o ap
ply
inth
e sc
hool
con
text
. As
of J
uly
1999
, onl
y ei
ght s
tate
s do
not
have
any
hat
e cr
ime
law
s at
all (
see
figu
re 1
7). T
he a
pplic
-ab
le f
eder
al la
ws
incl
ude
the
follo
win
g:
18 U
.S.C
. Sec
tion
245.
Sect
ion
245,
the
prin
cipa
l fed
-er
al h
ate
crim
e st
atut
e, p
ro-
hibi
ts in
tent
iona
l use
of
forc
eag
ains
t a p
erso
n be
caus
e of
his
or h
er r
ace,
col
or, r
eli-
gion
, or
natio
nal o
rigi
n, a
ndbe
caus
e he
or
she
was
enga
ged
in a
"fe
dera
lly p
ro-
tect
ed a
ctiv
ity,"
suc
h as
enro
lling
in o
r at
tend
ing
any
publ
ic s
choo
l or
colle
ge.
Leg
isla
tion
has
been
intr
o-du
ced
that
wou
ld a
men
d
Sect
ion
245
to in
clud
e cr
imes
com
mitt
ed b
ecau
se o
f th
e vi
c-tim
's s
exua
l ori
enta
tion,
gen
-de
r or
dis
abili
ty, a
nd to
elim
i-na
te th
e "f
eder
ally
pro
tect
edac
tivity
" re
quir
emen
t.
Titl
e V
I of
the
Civ
il R
ight
sA
ct o
f 19
64. T
itle
VI
and
reg-
ulat
ions
pro
mul
gate
d un
der
.
Titl
e V
I pr
ohib
it di
scri
min
a-tio
n, in
clud
ing
hara
ssm
ent,
on th
e ba
sis
of r
ace,
col
or,
and
natio
nal o
rigi
n by
inst
i-tu
tions
that
rec
eive
fed
eral
fund
ing.
Titl
e IX
of
the
Edu
catio
nA
men
dmen
ts o
f 19
72. T
itle
IX a
nd r
egul
atio
ns p
rom
ul-
gate
d un
der
Titl
e IX
pro
hibi
tdi
scri
min
atio
n, in
clud
ing
hara
ssm
ent b
ased
on
sex,
by
inst
itutio
ns th
at r
ecei
ve f
eder
-al
fun
ding
.
Sect
ion
504
of th
eR
ehab
ilita
tion
Act
of
1973
.Se
ctio
n 50
4 an
d re
gula
tions
prom
ulga
ted
unde
r Se
ctio
n50
4 pr
ohib
it di
scri
min
atio
n,in
clud
ing
hara
ssm
ent,
base
don
dis
abili
ty b
y in
stitu
tions
that
rec
eive
fed
eral
fun
ding
.
Hat
e C
rime
Sta
tistic
s
The
pro
blem
of
hate
cri
me
inth
e U
nite
d St
ates
may
wel
l be
unde
rrep
orte
d.C
ompl
icat
ing
mat
ters
fur
ther
is th
e va
riat
ion
amon
g st
ate
defi
nitio
ns o
f ha
te o
r bi
as-
mot
ivat
ed c
rim
e. W
hile
suc
hcr
imes
typi
cally
ref
er to
cri
m-
inal
act
s m
otiv
ated
by
a vi
c-tim
's p
erce
ived
sex
ual o
rien
-ta
tion,
rel
igio
us a
ffili
atio
n,di
sabi
lity,
rac
e, c
olor
, eth
nic
back
grou
nd o
r na
tiona
l ori
-gi
n, n
ot a
ll st
ates
def
ine
hate
crim
e th
e sa
me
way
nor
do
all l
ocal
juri
sdic
tions
rep
ort
hate
cri
me
to th
e FB
I. I
nad
ditio
n, th
e ag
e of
the
offe
nder
is r
arel
y, if
eve
r,re
port
ed, s
o it
is n
ot p
ossi
ble
to d
eter
min
e w
heth
er a
hat
ecr
ime
is c
omm
itted
by
anad
ult o
r a
juve
nile
.
Har
assm
ent a
nd H
ate
Crim
e S
tatis
tics
Am
ong
You
th
Cur
rent
ly, t
he H
ealth
Beh
avio
r of
Sch
ool C
hild
ren
Surv
ey d
oes
prov
ide
som
eda
ta o
n th
e pr
eval
ence
of
"bul
lyin
g" o
r ha
rass
men
tam
ong
11-,
13-
, and
15-
year
-ol
ds in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
Acc
ordi
ng to
rec
ent d
ata,
appr
oxim
atel
y 15
per
cent
of
thes
e yo
uth
had
been
bul
lied
beca
use
of th
eir
relig
ion
orra
ce. I
n ad
ditio
n, o
ver
30 p
er-
cent
of
thes
e yo
uth
had
been
bulli
ed b
y se
xual
joke
s, c
om-
men
ts, o
r ge
stur
es d
irec
ted
atth
em.
The
U.S
. Dep
artm
ents
of
Edu
catio
n an
d Ju
stic
e ar
em
odif
ying
sev
eral
dat
a co
llec-
tion
surv
eys
to h
elp
capt
ure
hara
ssm
ent a
nd h
ate
crim
ein
cide
nts
at s
choo
l and
on
colle
ge c
ampu
ses.
In
Janu
ary
1999
, the
ong
oing
Nat
iona
lC
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
eyin
clud
ed a
hat
e cr
ime
item
on it
s in
cide
nt r
epor
t for
the
firs
t tim
e. A
t the
sam
e tim
e,th
e Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
le-
men
t to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
als
oin
clud
ed it
ems
on h
ate
lan-
guag
e an
d gr
affi
ti at
sch
ool.
If th
ese
item
s pr
ove
valid
and
relia
ble,
they
will
be
repo
rted
in th
e 20
00 A
nnua
lR
epor
t on
Scho
ol S
afet
y.
Hat
e cr
ime
item
s ar
e al
sobe
ing
test
ed f
or in
clus
ion
inth
e Sc
hool
Sur
vey
on C
rim
ean
d Sa
fety
, a s
urve
y of
ele
-m
enta
ry a
nd s
econ
dary
scho
ol p
rinc
ipal
s sp
onso
red
by th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Edu
catio
n an
d sc
hedu
led
tobe
in th
e fi
eld
in 2
000.
Res
ults
fro
m th
is s
urve
y w
illbe
ava
ilabl
e in
200
1. H
ate
crim
e ite
ms
are
bein
g ad
ded
to th
e N
atio
nal C
OR
EA
lcoh
ol a
nd D
rug
Surv
ey, a
surv
ey o
f po
st-s
econ
dary
inst
itutio
ns th
at g
athe
rsin
form
atio
n ab
out c
rim
ean
d vi
olen
ce o
n co
llege
cam
-pu
ses.
Fin
ally
, hat
e cr
ime
and
hara
ssm
ent i
tem
s w
ill b
ein
clud
ed in
the
Scho
ol H
ealth
Polic
ieg
and
Prog
ram
s St
udy
(SH
PPS)
, con
duct
ed b
y th
eC
ente
rs f
or D
isea
se C
ontr
olan
d Pr
even
tion.
SH
PPS
will
colle
ct d
ata
from
sta
te a
ndlo
cal e
duca
tion
agen
cies
and
elem
enta
ry a
nd s
econ
dary
scho
ols.
The
FB
I's U
nifo
rm C
rim
eR
epor
ts: H
ate
Cri
me
Stat
istic
s pr
ovid
es n
atio
nal
data
on
hate
cri
mes
, but
doe
sno
t pro
vide
spe
cifi
c da
ta f
orha
te c
rim
es a
t sch
ools
.
39
Ann
11.1
Dea
rtnr
t "rt
11
Saf
ech
ools
/H a
. Ith
ytu
beC
olla
b rc
The
vas
t maj
ority
of
the
Nat
ion'
s sc
hool
s ar
e sa
fe p
lace
s. S
ome
scho
ols,
how
ever
, do
have
ser
ious
viol
ence
pro
blem
s th
at c
ompr
omis
e th
e le
arni
ng e
nvir
onm
ent a
nd e
ndan
ger
child
ren
and
teac
hers
. Sch
ools
nno
effe
ctiv
ely
deal
with
thes
ero
blem
s w
ithou
t sig
nifi
cant
com
mun
it -w
ide
suor
t. M
any
com
mun
e es
are
thsi
ces
sful
lysc
hool
cri
me
are
viol
e.ee
by
ad p
nag
eon
ap, i
ekst
ive,
inte
grat
edL
ona
sut
ility
-wid
e pl
ans
that
p o
'cot
e he
alth
y ch
ildho
od d
evel
op ..
ent a
nd a
ddre
ss th
e pr
oble
ms
of s
choo
l vio
lenc
e an
d al
coho
l and
othe
r dr
ug a
buse
.nf
ortu
nate
lth
e-se
eon
a ..
uniti
es a
re t
exc
ill®
the
rule
.
:ion
in A
ctio
n
In s
pri
1999
, the
esid
enm
oune
ecl
Safe
Sch
o ls
/Hea
thy
6tuc
le. i
s In
man
, a u
niqu
e _r
tit p
row
-a
join
adro
iste
red
by th
e U
.S. D
epa
ten
s o
f E
clue
-a io
n, H
e lth
and
Hut
taan
Ser
vice
s,an
d Ju
ti e
. The
initi
ativ
e
prom
ote
...ka
preh
easi
ve, l
nte
rco
nmun
ity-
de s
trat
egie
ssh
ool s
afet
nd. m
ew
acr
ss th
e co
untr
y. T
he-s
e or
atep
i s p
@vi
de s
turt
s,sc
hool
s, a
nd c
oon
uniti
es w
ith e
nhan
ced
educ
atio
nal,
men
tal
soei
arv
ice,
onfo
reer
ne,an
d, a
sIp
pria
te, u
veni
le ju
st c
e sy
stem
ser
vice
s th
at c
an b
olst
er
heal
thy
ch. d
hood
dev
elop
eat
and
.ev
ent v
ioll
nce
and
alco
hol
Lid
of ..
er d
rug
abus
e.
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 13
The
Saf
e S
choo
ls/H
ealth
y S
tude
nts
Initi
ativ
e dr
aws
on th
e be
st p
ract
ices
of th
e ed
ucat
ion,
just
ice,
soc
ial s
ervi
ce,
and
men
tal h
ealth
sys
tem
s to
pro
mot
e
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
, int
egra
ted
prob
lem
-
solv
ing
proc
ess
for
use
by c
omm
uni-
ties
in a
ddre
ssin
g sc
hool
vio
lenc
e.
of p
rogr
ams
and
stra
tegi
es,
Thi
s pr
oces
s, w
hich
was
hig
hlig
hted
in th
e 19
98 A
nnua
l
Rep
ort,
incl
udes
(1)
est
ablis
hing
sch
ool-c
omm
unity
par
tner
ship
s,
(2)
iden
tifyi
ng a
nd m
easu
ring
the
prob
lem
,' (3
) se
tting
mea
sur-
able
goa
ls a
nd o
bjec
tives
, (4)
iden
tifyi
ng a
ppro
pria
te r
esea
rch-
base
d pr
ogra
ms
and
stra
tegi
es, (
5) im
plem
entin
g pr
ogra
ms
and
stra
tegi
es in
an
inte
grat
ed fa
shio
n, (
6) e
valu
atin
g th
e ou
tcom
es
and
(7)
revi
sing
the
plan
on
the
basi
s of
eva
luat
ion
info
rmat
ion.
The
initi
ativ
e re
quire
s co
mpr
ehen
sive
, int
egra
ted
com
mun
ity-w
ide
plan
s to
add
ress
at
leas
t the
follo
win
g si
x el
emen
ts: (
1) s
afe
scho
ol e
nviro
nmen
t, (2
) pr
even
tion
and
early
inte
rven
tion
prog
ram
s th
at a
ddre
ss v
iole
nce,
alc
ohol
and
oth
er d
rugs
use
, (3)
sch
ool a
nd
com
mun
ity m
enta
l hea
lth p
reve
ntiv
e an
d tr
eatm
ent i
nter
vent
ion
serv
ices
, (4)
ear
ly c
hild
-
hood
psy
chos
ocia
l and
em
otio
nal d
evel
opm
ent p
rogr
ams,
(5)
edu
catio
nal r
efor
m, a
nd (
6)
safe
sch
ool p
olic
ies.
Pla
ns m
ust b
e de
velo
ped
in p
artn
ersh
ip w
ith, a
ta
min
imum
, the
loca
l
educ
atio
nal a
genc
y, lo
cal p
ublic
men
tal h
ealth
aut
horit
y, lo
cal l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent a
genc
y,
fam
ily m
embe
rs, s
tude
nts,
and
juve
nile
just
ice
offic
ials
.
Fift
y-fo
ur lo
cal e
duca
tiona
l age
ncie
s, in
par
tner
ship
with
loca
l law
enf
orce
men
t and
publ
ic m
enta
l hea
lth a
utho
ritie
s, r
ecei
ved
Saf
e S
choo
ls/H
ealth
y S
tude
nts
Initi
ativ
e gr
ants
.
Aw
ards
ran
ged
from
up
to $
3 m
illio
n pe
r ye
ar fo
r ur
ban
scho
ol d
istr
icts
,up
to $
2 m
illio
n
per
year
for
subu
rban
sch
ool d
istr
icts
, and
up
to $
1 m
illio
n pe
r ye
ar fo
r ru
ral s
choo
l dis
-
tric
ts a
nd tr
ibal
sch
ools
.
A n
atio
nal e
valu
atio
n of
the
Saf
e S
choo
ls/H
ealth
y S
tude
nts
Initi
ativ
e w
ill b
e co
nduc
t-
ed to
doc
umen
t the
initi
ativ
e's
effe
ctiv
enes
s. In
sub
sequ
ent A
nnua
l Rep
orts
, inf
orm
atio
n
from
the
eval
uatio
n on
site
pro
gres
s an
d le
sson
s le
arne
d w
ill b
e pr
ovid
ed. F
ollo
win
gar
e
desc
riptio
ns o
f the
gra
nt r
ecip
ient
s.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE14
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
UR
BA
N S
ITE
S
Jone
sbor
o, A
rkan
sas
Par
tner
s:
Jone
sbor
o P
ublic
Scho
ols
Riv
ende
ll B
ehav
iora
l Hea
lth S
ervi
ces
Jone
sbor
o Po
lice
Dep
artm
ent
Jone
sbor
o Pu
blic
Sch
ools
serv
e 20
,460
you
ng p
eopl
eun
der
the
age
of 1
8 in
Cra
ighe
ad C
ount
y, w
hich
incl
udes
fou
r sc
hool
dis
tric
ts.
In M
arch
199
8, tw
o m
iddl
esc
hool
stu
dent
s sh
ot n
umer
-ou
s pe
ople
, kill
ing
four
stu
-de
nts
and
a te
ache
r. C
rim
era
tes
for
juve
nile
s (i
nclu
ding
use
of a
lcoh
ol a
nd o
ther
drug
s, p
hysi
cal f
orce
, and
wea
pons
) ha
ve in
crea
sed
41pe
rcen
t sin
ce 1
990.
The
Jon
esbo
ro S
afe
Scho
ols
Initi
ativ
e w
ill s
erve
to e
xpan
dan
d ce
ntra
lize
serv
ices
toth
e ar
ea's
you
th a
nd f
amili
es.
Key
com
pone
nts
of th
epr
ogra
m a
re to
enh
ance
the
phys
ical
des
ign
of th
ebu
ildin
gs b
y ad
ding
fen
cing
,lig
htin
g, a
nd s
ecur
ity e
quip
-m
ent;
expa
nd a
lcoh
ol a
nddr
ug a
buse
trai
ning
and
educ
atio
n; o
ffer
exp
ande
dsc
hool
-bas
ed m
enta
l hea
lthse
rvic
es; p
rovi
de a
n al
tern
a-tiv
e th
erap
eutic
set
ting
toco
ntin
ue th
e ed
ucat
ion
ofst
uden
ts w
ho a
re te
mpo
rari
lysu
spen
ded;
pro
vide
edu
catio
nan
d da
y ca
re f
or th
e ch
ildre
n
45
of te
enag
e m
othe
rs; p
rovi
desu
mm
er in
-hom
e se
rvic
es f
orat
-ris
k ch
ildre
n an
d fa
mili
es;
prov
ide
trai
ning
and
for
ums
for
teac
hers
to d
evel
op b
est
prac
tices
str
ateg
ies;
dev
elop
polic
ies
and
proc
edur
esto
enh
ance
the
prog
ram
'sel
emen
ts; a
nd c
reat
e a
form
alm
echa
nism
for
pro
gram
eval
uatio
n.
Kin
derg
arte
n th
roug
h 12
thgr
ade
curr
icul
a w
ill in
corp
o-ra
te a
lcoh
ol a
nd o
ther
dru
ged
ucat
ion,
ang
er m
anag
e-m
ent,
and
othe
r ap
prop
riat
eso
cial
ski
lls d
evel
opm
ent.
Alte
rnat
ive
ther
apeu
ticse
tting
s w
ill b
e es
tabl
ishe
dto
con
tinue
. the
edu
catio
n of
stud
ents
who
are
tem
pora
rily
susp
ende
d.
Los
Ang
eles
, Cal
iforn
ia
Par
tner
s:
Bel
mon
t Clu
ster
, Los
Ang
eles
Uni
fied
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
Los
Ang
eles
Cou
nty
Dep
artm
ent o
f
Men
tal H
ealth
Los
Ang
eles
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
Thi
rty-
seve
n th
ousa
nd s
tu-
dent
s at
tend
Bel
mon
tC
lust
er's
34
scho
ols
and
chil-
dren
's c
ente
rs. M
ore
than
40 p
erce
nt o
f re
side
nts
have
lived
in th
e U
nite
d St
ates
for
few
er th
an f
ive
year
s, a
ndth
e sa
me
perc
enta
ge li
ve a
tor
bel
ow p
over
ty le
vel.
Proj
ect S
EC
UR
E's
mis
sion
isto
impr
ove
the
com
mun
ity's
abili
ty to
sup
port
and
nur
-tu
re it
s ch
ildre
n an
d yo
uth.
The
pro
ject
aim
s to
add
ress
gaps
in m
enta
l hea
lth s
ervi
ces
by p
rovi
ding
psy
chol
ogic
alan
d fa
mily
cou
nsel
ing
to c
hil-
dren
und
er a
ge 4
that
hav
ebe
en id
entif
ied
by e
arly
chi
ld-
hood
ser
vice
pro
vide
rs.
Hom
e he
alth
vis
its f
or te
enm
othe
rs a
nd th
eir
infa
nts
will
be p
rovi
ded
with
an
emph
asis
on k
eepi
ng th
e te
en p
aren
ten
rolle
d in
sch
ool.
Scho
ol-
aged
chi
ldre
n id
entif
ied
asne
edin
g ps
ycho
logi
cal s
er-
vice
s w
ill b
e ab
le to
acc
ess
them
on-
site
. Add
ition
alaf
ter-
scho
ol p
rogr
ams
will
be
impl
emen
ted,
incl
udin
g a
polic
e at
hlet
ic le
ague
to p
ro-
vide
you
th o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
pros
ocia
l inv
olve
men
t.
Riv
ersi
de, C
alifo
rnia
Part
ners
:
Riv
ersi
de U
nifi
ed S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Riv
ersi
de C
ount
y M
enta
l Hea
lth D
epar
tmen
t
Riv
ersi
de P
olic
e D
epor
tmen
t
The
re a
re 8
1 kn
own
gang
sin
Riv
ersi
de, a
nd g
ang
mem
-be
rshi
p in
crea
sed
300
perc
ent
from
199
1-96
. Fiv
e sc
hool
sin
par
ticul
ar h
ave
been
the
mos
t adv
erse
ly a
ffec
ted.
The
scho
ols
have
con
sist
ently
high
er r
ates
than
the
dist
rict
aver
age
of v
iole
nt in
cide
nts,
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"In
a sm
all s
choo
l, ev
ery
child
who
wan
ts to
sin
g ca
n be
inth
e ch
oir,
and
eve
ry c
hild
who
wou
ld li
ke to
be
on th
e te
amca
n be
. Par
ticip
atin
g in
ext
racu
rric
ular
act
iviti
es n
ot o
nly
keep
s ch
ildre
n ou
t of
trou
ble,
it a
lso
teac
hes
team
wor
k an
dle
ader
ship
. Bot
h of
thes
e sk
ills
are
impo
rtan
t lif
e sk
ills.
"
Nan
cy D
rake
, tea
cher
, Tyr
one,
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
susp
ensi
Ons
/exp
ulsi
ons,
and
stud
ents
with
em
otio
nal a
ndbe
havi
oral
dis
orde
rs.
The
pro
gram
pro
pose
d by
the
Riv
ersi
de U
nifi
ed S
choo
lD
istr
ict w
ill e
stab
lish
Wel
lnes
s C
ente
rs o
n th
e fi
veca
mpu
ses
to p
rom
ote
heal
thy
lifes
tyle
s, a
nd to
low
er th
ein
cide
nce
of v
iole
nce
and
alco
hol a
nd d
rug
abus
eam
ong
the
com
mun
ity's
yout
h. E
ach
Wel
lnes
s C
ente
r,w
hich
incl
udes
a f
amily
adv
o-ca
te, l
icen
sed
clin
ical
soc
ial
wor
ker,
pro
batio
n of
fice
r, a
ndpo
lice
offi
cer,
will
pro
vide
asse
ssm
ent,
coun
selin
g, a
ndre
ferr
als,
and
fam
ily o
utre
ach
and
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s.O
ngoi
ng c
ase
man
agem
ent
will
ens
ure
that
fam
ily n
eeds
are
met
with
one
poi
nt o
fac
cess
. In
addi
tion,
an
inte
r-ve
ntio
n/di
vers
ion
prog
ram
at
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f C
alif
orni
aat
Riv
ersi
de w
ill p
rovi
de
stud
ents
with
men
tori
ng,
empl
oym
ent o
ppor
tuni
ties,
and
expo
sure
to a
uni
vers
ityse
tting
.
San
Fra
ncis
co, C
alifo
rnia
Part
ners
:
San
Fra
ncis
co U
nifie
d S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Dep
artm
ent o
f Pub
lic H
ealth
San
Fra
ncis
co P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Alm
ost 5
0 pe
rcen
t of
the
San
Fran
cisc
o U
nifi
ed S
choo
lD
istr
ict's
stu
dent
s re
ceiv
efr
ee-
or r
educ
ed-p
rice
lunc
hes.
Aca
dem
ic p
erfo
rman
ce, l
iter-
acy
in p
artic
ular
, rem
ains
wel
l bel
ow n
atio
nal a
vera
ges.
Exp
erim
enta
tion
with
alc
ohol
is b
egin
ning
at e
arlie
r ag
es,
and
drug
s ar
e in
crea
sing
lyav
aila
ble
at s
choo
ls.
The
San
Fra
ncis
co U
nifi
edSc
hool
Dis
tric
t Wel
lnes
sPr
ojec
t has
thre
e go
als:
(1)
tore
duce
the
prev
alen
ce o
f dr
ugan
d w
eapo
n us
e, a
nd v
iole
ntbe
havi
or; (
2) to
impr
ove
the
capa
city
of
teac
hers
, sta
ff,
pare
nts
and
stud
ents
to c
reat
esa
fe a
nd h
ealth
y sc
hool
envi
ronm
ents
; and
(3)
tobu
ild a
n in
fras
truc
ture
, and
inst
itutio
naliz
e in
tera
genc
yco
llabo
ratio
n, to
cre
ate
and
sust
ain
heal
th a
nd s
afet
yac
tiviti
es in
all
scho
ols.
Thr
ough
this
gra
nt, t
heW
elln
ess
Scho
ols
prog
ram
will
exp
and
to in
clud
e 10
elem
enta
ry s
choo
ls a
ndse
ven
high
sch
ools
ser
ving
appr
oxim
atel
y 13
,189
you
than
d th
eir
fam
ilies
in a
dditi
onto
the
17 m
iddl
e sc
hool
sal
read
y se
rved
.
Den
ver,
Col
orad
o
Part
ners
:
Den
ver
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Men
tal H
ealth
Cor
pora
tion
of D
enve
r
Den
ver
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
Den
ver
Publ
ic S
choo
ls is
an u
rban
sch
ool d
istr
ict s
erv-
ing
69,0
00 c
hild
ren
of m
any
cultu
res
and
ethn
iciti
es. O
ver
27 p
erce
nt o
f ch
ildre
n liv
e in
pove
rty,
and
40
perc
ent o
fth
e el
emen
tary
sch
ools
hav
em
obili
ty r
ates
ove
r 10
0 pe
r-ce
nt. A
lmos
t 35
perc
ent o
ffr
eshm
en f
ail t
o gr
adua
te.
Scho
ol f
undi
ng f
or p
sych
olo-
gist
s, s
ocia
l wor
kers
, and
othe
r fa
mily
sup
port
has
decr
ease
d ov
er th
e la
st f
ewye
ars
desp
ite a
21
perc
ent
grow
th in
the
popu
latio
n.
The
Den
ver
Polic
e re
port
that
appr
oxim
atel
y th
ree
in e
very
10 y
outh
age
s 10
to 1
7 ha
vebe
en a
rres
ted.
The
Den
ver
Com
mun
ityPa
rtne
rshi
p in
tend
s to
mak
esc
hool
s sa
fer
by tr
aini
ngea
rly
child
hood
pro
vide
rs to
iden
tify
risk
fac
tors
ear
ly a
ndby
impl
emen
ting
a sc
hool
-ba
sed
viol
ence
pre
vent
ion
curr
icul
um to
rea
ch 5
,000
youn
g ch
ildre
n. A
hom
e vi
si-
tatio
n/pa
rent
edu
catio
n pr
o-gr
am w
ill b
e pr
ovid
ed f
or15
0 te
en m
othe
rs d
urin
g th
epr
enat
al p
erio
d co
ntin
uing
thro
ugh
age
3. A
n ad
ditio
nal
350
child
ren
from
bir
th to
age
8 an
d th
eir
fam
ilies
will
rece
ive
supp
ort s
ervi
ces
thro
ugh
Hea
d St
art a
ndC
hild
Car
e C
ente
rs. C
hild
ren
will
als
o be
link
ed to
ser
vice
sth
roug
h C
omm
unity
/Sch
ools
Ass
ista
nce
Tea
ms,
and
indi
-vi
dual
ized
pla
ns w
ill b
ede
velo
ped
for
trua
nt s
tude
nts
to h
elp
them
rei
nteg
rate
into
sch
ool.
Aft
er-s
choo
lpr
ogra
mm
ing
will
be
expa
nd-
,ed
at s
ix m
iddl
e sc
hool
sth
at w
ill a
lso
serv
e as
Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d C
ente
rs.
Uni
form
ed p
olic
e of
fice
rs a
ndad
ditio
nal s
choo
l sec
urity
offi
cers
will
be
adde
d.
1.;
47A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
15
New
Hav
en, C
onne
ctic
ut
Par
tner
s:
New
Hav
en B
oard
of E
duca
tion
Con
nect
icut
Sta
te D
epar
tmen
t of
Chi
ldre
n an
d F
amili
es
New
Hav
en D
epar
tmen
t of P
olic
e S
ervi
ces
The
New
Hav
en P
ublic
Scho
ol s
yste
m s
erve
s 19
,385
stud
ents
in g
rade
s K
-12.
The
annu
al d
rop-
out r
ate
for
grad
es 9
thro
ugh
12 is
9.7
perc
ent,
com
pare
d w
ith 3
.9pe
rcen
t sta
tew
ide.
Rat
es f
orju
veni
le c
rim
e ar
e hi
gh.
The
goa
ls o
f th
e N
ew H
aven
initi
ativ
e ar
e to
cre
ate
anin
fras
truc
ture
of
colla
bora
-tio
n an
d to
exp
and
curr
ent
effo
rts
to im
prov
e sc
hool
safe
ty a
nd c
hild
wel
l-be
ing.
Am
ong
the
activ
ities
incl
uded
in th
e pr
ogra
m a
re e
xpan
sion
of th
e ch
ild d
evel
opm
ent-
com
mun
ity p
olic
ing
prog
ram
,en
hanc
emen
t of
the
scho
ol/p
olic
e tr
uanc
y in
itia-
tive,
and
pro
visi
on o
f fu
llac
cess
to c
ompr
ehen
sive
men
-ta
l hea
lth s
ervi
ces
for
all
scho
ol c
hild
ren
at r
isk
for
men
tal h
ealth
pro
blem
s, a
ca-
dem
ic f
ailu
re, a
nd p
sych
oso-
cial
impa
irm
ent.
46
16A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
Wat
erbu
ry, C
onne
ctic
ut
Par
tner
s:
Wat
erbu
ry, C
onne
ctic
ut D
epor
tmen
t
of E
dtic
atio
n
Con
nect
icut
Dep
artm
ent o
f Chi
ldre
n
and
Fam
ilies
Wat
erbu
ry P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Ove
r 60
perc
ent o
fW
ater
bury
stu
dent
s re
ceiv
efr
ee-
and
redu
ced-
pric
em
eals
. The
sch
ool h
as id
enti-
fied
381
stu
dent
s w
ith a
ser
i-ou
s em
otio
nal d
isab
ility
. No
spec
ific
ser
vice
s ar
e in
pla
cefo
r th
e ap
prox
imat
ely
1,50
0st
uden
ts w
ho a
re s
uspe
nded
from
sch
ool a
nnua
lly f
or v
io-
lent
act
s. T
here
is ty
pica
lly a
six-
wee
k w
aitin
g pe
riod
for
fam
ilies
ref
erre
d fo
r fa
mily
viol
ence
inte
rven
tion
serv
ices
.
The
goa
l of
the
Wat
erbu
ryin
itiat
ive
is to
infu
se r
esea
rch-
base
d pr
even
tion
prog
ram
-m
ing
into
aft
er-s
choo
l ser
-vi
ces;
impr
ove
the
inte
nsity
and
coor
dina
tion
of s
ervi
ces
to c
hild
ren
in tr
oubl
e; r
each
ever
y ex
pect
ant m
othe
rw
ith h
ome-
and
clin
ic-b
ased
pren
atal
pri
mar
y ca
re; a
ndus
e th
e ci
ty's
gro
win
g ne
t-w
ork
of a
fter
-sch
ool p
ro-
gram
s as
a s
tart
ing
poin
t for
appl
ying
hig
h-pe
rfor
man
cew
ork
stra
tegi
es to
the
impr
ovem
ent o
f te
achi
ng a
ndle
arni
ng.
1111
1111
=11
1161
1Mla
lIMIN
IIII1
6111
111a
illill
iaR
eact
ions
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"I w
ould
urg
e al
l par
ents
out
ther
e to
talk
with
your
child
ren
and
liste
n to
them
and
eng
age
with
them
just
as
muc
h or
mor
e fo
r th
ose
high
sch
ool-
age
stud
ents
as o
ther
stu
dent
s."
Secr
etar
y R
iley
Thr
ough
this
initi
ativ
e, c
hild
heal
th s
ervi
ces
will
be
expa
nded
to in
clud
e ho
me
heal
th v
isits
for
new
mot
hers
.E
arly
ass
essm
ent a
nd in
ter-
vent
ions
will
be
prov
ided
to15
0 po
lice-
and
cou
rt-
refe
rred
chi
ldre
n, a
ges
3 to
8.
A c
ityw
ide
Fam
ily I
nfor
mat
ion
Cen
ter
will
be
esta
blis
hed
toen
gage
a m
inim
um o
f 90
0pa
rent
s. E
lem
enta
ry s
tude
nts
in a
fter
-sch
ool p
rogr
ams
will
com
plet
e lif
e sk
ills
trai
ning
,w
hile
mid
dle
and
high
sch
ool
stud
ents
will
par
ticip
ate
invi
olen
ce p
reve
ntio
n pr
ogra
ms
dire
cted
by
trai
ned
unif
orm
edof
fice
rs. U
p to
100
stu
dent
sw
ill b
e id
entif
ied
for
inte
nsiv
eou
tpat
ient
ser
vice
s lin
ked
clos
ely
to th
eir
educ
atio
nal
day.
Off
icer
s an
d st
uden
tte
ams
will
app
ly p
robl
em-
solv
ing
tact
ics
to im
prov
eha
bitu
al tr
uant
s' b
ondi
ng to
scho
ol.
49
New
ark,
Del
awar
eP
artn
ers:
Chr
istin
a S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ser
vice
s fo
r C
hild
ren,
You
th a
nd T
heir
Fam
ilies
Sta
te L
aw E
nfor
cem
ent a
nd th
e O
ffice
of th
e A
ttorn
ey G
ener
al
The
Chr
istin
a Sc
hool
Dis
tric
tse
rves
20,
299
stud
ents
.A
ll bu
t one
sch
ool i
s T
itle
I el
igib
le, a
nd 3
2 pe
rcen
t of
the
stud
ents
qua
lify
for
free
-or
red
uced
-pri
ce m
eals
.T
wen
ty-f
ive
perc
ent o
f th
eD
istr
ict's
stu
dent
s re
side
with
in W
ilmin
gton
'sE
nter
pris
e C
omm
unity
(E
C),
whi
ch r
epre
sent
s D
elaw
are'
sm
ost e
cono
mic
ally
dis
tres
sed
area
, with
a 1
2.4
perc
ent
unem
ploy
men
t rat
e an
d a
31.3
per
cent
pov
erty
rat
e.
The
Chr
istin
a Sc
hool
Dis
tric
tpr
ojec
t has
thre
e go
als:
(1)
to b
uild
on
exis
ting
serv
ices
to c
reat
e a
com
preh
ensi
ve,
inte
grat
ed s
yste
m o
f co
mm
u-ni
ty s
ervi
ces,
men
tal h
ealth
prev
entio
n, tr
eatm
ent,
and
inte
rven
tion
prog
ram
s fo
rst
uden
ts a
nd f
amili
es; (
2)to
dev
elop
a s
afe,
dis
rupt
ion-
free
, dru
g-fr
ee le
arni
ngen
viro
nmen
t tha
t im
prov
esac
adem
ic p
erfo
rman
ce;
and
(3)
to d
evel
op s
ocio
-
age-
and
dev
elop
men
tally
-ap
prop
riat
e se
tting
s. S
ocio
-em
otio
nal S
kills
Gro
ups
are
held
wee
kly
by th
e sc
hool
psyc
holo
gist
and
coun
selo
r in
each
sch
ool.
A W
elln
ess
Cen
ter
is h
ouse
d at
eac
h of
the
Dis
tric
t's th
ree
high
scho
ols
and
staf
fed
by a
nurs
e, s
ocia
l wor
ker,
cou
n-
Rea
ctio
ns to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"Let
us
all s
peak
cle
arly
and
with
one
voi
ce...
Act
s of
hat
e m
ust s
tren
gthe
n ou
r re
solv
e an
d de
epen
our
dete
rmin
atio
n th
at A
mer
ican
s w
ill c
ome
toge
ther
and
sta
nd to
geth
er a
gain
st v
iole
nce,
into
lera
nce,
and
hatr
ed. I
n al
l the
se e
ffor
ts w
e m
ust a
ll fi
rst
assu
me
resp
onsi
bilit
y, a
t hom
e an
d at
sch
ool,
in H
olly
woo
dan
d th
e he
artla
nd, a
nd h
ere
in W
ashi
ngto
n.Pa
rent
s pl
ay a
n es
peci
ally
cru
cial
rol
e, f
or n
o in
flue
nce
on a
chi
ld is
mor
e im
port
ant."
Pres
iden
t Clin
ton
emot
iona
l com
pete
ncie
sam
ong
stud
ents
and
pres
choo
l-ag
e ch
ildre
n to
fost
er r
esili
ence
and
pro
soci
albe
havi
or. P
resc
hool
s ar
elo
cate
d in
sev
eral
ele
men
tary
scho
ols
to e
nsur
e th
at a
llel
igib
le c
hild
ren
have
the
oppo
rtun
ity to
par
ticip
ate
in 5
selo
r an
d pa
rt-t
ime
phys
icia
nto
pro
vide
a c
ontin
uum
of s
uppo
rt in
dea
ling
with
child
ren
with
mild
-to-
mod
er-
ate
beha
vior
pro
blem
s.A
sch
ool/c
omm
unity
/EC
liais
on w
ill c
oord
inat
e th
epr
ovis
ion
of s
ervi
ces
by th
eFa
mily
Sup
port
Par
tner
ship
agen
cies
to D
istr
ict r
esid
ents
in th
e E
C.
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.
Part
ners
:
May
a A
ngel
ou P
ublic
Cha
rter
Sch
ool
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
Com
mis
sion
on M
enta
l Hea
lth S
ervi
ces
Met
ropo
litan
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
D.C
. Cha
rter
Sch
ools
Coa
litio
n's
17 s
choo
ls s
erve
8,40
0 hi
gh-r
iik s
tude
nts,
mos
t of
who
m a
re tw
o or
mor
e ye
ars
belo
w g
rade
leve
l.Fo
rty-
one
perc
ent o
f D
istr
ict
child
ren
live
belo
w th
e po
ver-
ty le
vel,
21 p
erce
nt u
nder
extr
eme
econ
omic
dep
riva
-tio
n, a
nd 3
9 pe
rcen
t in
high
-ri
sk f
amili
es. S
ixty
-thr
ee p
er-
cent
of
D.C
. stu
dent
s ar
e el
i-gi
ble
for
free
sch
ool l
unch
.O
nly
53 p
erce
nt o
f D
.C.
yout
h gr
adua
te f
rom
hig
hsc
hool
.
The
pro
gram
will
pro
vide
men
tal h
ealth
, aft
er-s
choo
l,an
d re
late
d sp
ecia
l enr
ich-
men
t pro
gram
s an
d se
rvic
esto
the
pred
omin
antly
poo
r,B
lack
pop
ulat
ion
in th
e co
m-
mun
ity. G
rant
fun
ds w
illdi
rect
ly s
uppo
rt m
enta
lhe
alth
team
s fo
r al
l sch
ools
,as
wel
l as
Peac
eful
Sch
ools
conf
lict r
esol
utio
n tr
aini
ng,
and
hiri
ng a
sch
ool/c
omm
u-ni
ty r
esou
rce
coor
dina
tor
inea
ch s
choo
l to
build
str
ong
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s an
dco
ordi
nate
ser
vice
s at
the
scho
ol le
vel.
Ft.
Mye
rs, F
lorid
a
Part
ners
:
The
Sch
ool D
istr
ict o
f Lee
Cou
nty
Flo
rida
Dep
artm
ent o
f Chi
ldre
n an
d
Fam
ily S
ervi
cesA
lcoh
ol, D
rugs
,
and
Men
tal H
ealth
Lee
Cou
nty
She
riff's
Offi
ce
The
3,2
81 te
ache
rs in
the
scho
ol d
istr
ict o
f Lee
Cou
nty
serv
e ov
er 5
3,00
0 st
uden
ts.
The
per
cent
age
of s
tude
nts
who
rep
ort u
sing
dru
gs,
alco
hol,
and
toba
cco
issi
gnif
ican
tly h
ighe
r th
anth
e na
tiona
l ave
rage
.
The
pri
mar
y fo
cus
ofB
RID
GE
S is
on
prev
entio
nth
roug
h sa
fety
, edu
catio
n,an
d in
terv
entio
n w
ith a
t-ri
skyo
uth.
Ear
ly c
hild
hood
ser
-vi
ces
curr
ently
off
ered
to c
hil-
dren
age
s 4
to 5
will
be
expa
nded
to in
clud
e pr
egna
ntm
othe
rs a
nd c
hild
ren
ages
birt
h to
thre
e an
d th
eir
fam
i-lie
s, th
roug
h th
e H
ead
Star
tpr
ogra
m. A
lice
nsed
men
tal
heal
th c
linic
ian
will
iden
tify
child
ren
with
beh
avio
ral c
on-
cern
s, p
rovi
de s
trat
egie
s to
pare
nts/
teac
hers
, and
impl
e-m
ent p
layg
roup
s w
ith p
aren
tsan
d th
eir
babi
es/to
ddle
rs.
BR
IDG
ES
will
exp
and
the
use
of a
cur
ricu
lum
to p
re-
vent
dru
g ab
use
and
viol
ence
.Sc
hool
soc
ial w
orke
rs w
ill b
etr
aine
d in
mul
ti-sy
stem
icth
erap
y to
pro
vide
fam
ily a
nd
com
mun
ity-b
ased
trea
tmen
t.A
sch
ool s
afet
y an
alys
t will
be a
ppoi
nted
to e
ach
of th
eth
ree
diff
eren
t sch
ool z
ones
cove
red
by th
e gr
ant t
o ga
th-
er in
form
atio
n on
vio
lent
activ
ities
on
scho
ol c
ampu
ses;
iden
tify
user
s of
alc
ohol
,to
bacc
o, a
nd o
ther
dru
gs a
sw
ell a
s st
uden
ts in
volv
ed in
gang
s; a
nd p
rovi
de f
eedb
ack
to p
reve
ntio
n an
d in
terv
en-
tion
serv
ices
.
Larg
o, F
lorid
a
Part
ners
:
Pin
ella
s C
ount
y S
choo
ls
Dep
artm
ent o
f Chi
ldre
n an
d F
amili
es
Pin
ella
s C
ount
y S
herif
f's O
ffice
Mor
eth
an 1
07,0
00 s
tude
nts
are
enro
lled
in 1
49 s
choo
ls in
Pine
llas
Cou
nty.
The
per
cent
-ag
e of
ele
men
tary
stu
dent
sw
ho a
re e
ligib
le f
or f
ree-
and
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nche
s is
44.
9pe
rcen
t. O
ne-t
hird
of
Pine
llas
Cou
nty
yout
h liv
e in
sin
gle-
pare
nt h
omes
.
Tar
get s
choo
ls, b
ased
upo
n a
rank
ing
for
risk
fac
tors
, will
be s
elec
ted
as d
emon
stra
-tio
n/tr
aini
ng s
ites.
Pin
ella
s
51
611/
0411
/11M
IAN
NO
RR
ill
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"In
the
end,
it is
act
ually
qui
te s
impl
e: w
e ne
ed to
edu
cate
our
yout
h ag
ains
t vio
lenc
e."
S.J.
Mar
golie
s, R
eno,
Nev
ada
"The
fam
ily is
the
key
to th
is is
sue.
Pare
nt tr
aini
ng is
so
vita
l."K
raig
Lor
ds, S
choo
l Psy
chol
ogis
t, W
inne
muc
ca, N
evad
a
Cou
nty
will
exp
and
pare
nt-
trai
ning
act
iviti
es f
or f
amili
esw
ith in
fant
s an
d to
ddle
rs to
impr
ove
the
heal
thy
deve
lop-
men
t of
youn
g ch
ildre
n an
din
crea
se s
choo
l rea
dine
ss.
The
Hea
lth D
epar
tmen
t will
initi
ate
a so
cial
mar
ketin
gca
mpa
ign
to d
evel
op c
ount
y-w
ide
mes
sage
s of
non
viol
ence
and
prom
ote
spec
ific
pro
-gr
ams
that
pre
vent
vio
lent
beha
vior
am
ong
yout
h. T
his
initi
ativ
e w
ill a
lso
incr
ease
the
avai
labi
lity
of p
aren
t sup
-po
rt g
roup
s, p
aren
t edu
catio
nan
d ou
trea
ch s
ervi
ces,
as
wel
las
str
uctu
red
activ
ities
for
yout
h. M
enta
l hea
lth w
rap-
arou
nd s
ervi
ces
will
be
avai
l-ab
le f
or c
hild
ren
who
lack
fina
ncia
l res
ourc
es, a
nd th
ePa
rtne
rshi
p Pr
ogra
m, w
hich
offe
rs s
hort
-ter
m in
terv
entio
nto
fam
ilies
of
child
ren
at r
isk
52
18A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
of a
buse
and
neg
lect
, will
be
repl
icat
ed in
oth
er lo
catio
ns.
A F
amily
Res
ourc
es O
n-C
ampu
s In
terv
entio
nPr
ogra
m th
at p
rovi
des
anal
tern
ativ
e to
out
-of-
scho
olsu
spen
sion
will
be
expa
nded
.
Des
Moi
nes,
Iow
a
Part
ners
:
Des
Moi
nes
Inde
pend
ent S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Pol
k C
ount
y H
ealth
Ser
vice
s, In
c.
Des
Moi
nes
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
Polk
Cou
nty
serv
es s
tude
nts
in b
oth
urba
n an
d ru
ral a
reas
.A
lmos
t 16,
000
stud
ents
are
rece
ive
free
- an
d re
duce
d-pr
ice
mea
ls. I
n 19
90, o
ne in
eigh
t fam
ilies
was
livi
ng a
t or
belo
w th
e po
vert
y le
vel.
The
stud
ents
in P
olk
Cou
nty
have
alco
hol a
nd d
rugs
rea
dily
avai
labl
e to
them
: 88
perc
ent
of s
tude
nts
have
use
d al
coho
lan
d al
mos
t 25
perc
ent o
f st
u-de
nts
have
use
d ei
ther
mar
i-ju
ana
or c
ocai
ne.
The
Pol
k C
ount
y pr
ogra
min
clud
es p
lans
to in
crea
seac
cess
to tr
aini
ng f
or in
-hom
ech
ild-c
are
prov
ider
s co
unty
-w
ide.
Als
o, s
chol
arsh
ips
will
be p
rovi
ded
for
staf
f at
chi
ld-
care
cen
ters
to a
ttend
chi
ldde
velo
pmen
t tra
inin
g pr
o-gr
ams.
In
addi
tion
to e
nhan
c-in
g th
e ex
istin
g K
-12
alco
hol,
drug
and
vio
lenc
e cu
rric
ula
in s
choo
ls, t
rain
ing
for
par-
ents
of
K-6
th g
rade
rs w
ill b
epr
ovid
ed. A
t the
mid
dle
and
high
sch
ool l
evel
s, 1
3 ca
sem
anag
ers
will
be
adde
d, a
sw
ell a
s tw
o pr
even
tion
spe-
cial
ists
. A s
umm
er p
rogr
am,
focu
sing
on
viol
ence
and
drug
abu
se p
reve
ntio
n, w
illst
rive
to im
prov
e sc
hool
atte
ndan
ce. A
loca
l man
aged
heal
th c
are
orga
niza
tion
will
offe
r tr
aini
ng to
ele
men
tary
scho
ol n
urse
s an
d co
unse
lors
to a
ssis
t the
m in
the
deve
lop-
men
t of
thei
r as
sess
men
t and
refe
rral
pro
cess
.
Loui
svill
e, K
entu
cky
Part
ners
:
Jeffe
rson
Cou
nty
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Sev
en C
ount
ies
Ser
vice
s, In
c.
Loui
svill
e P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
One
-thi
rd o
f th
is p
roje
ct's
targ
eted
sch
ools
are
loca
ted
in a
n E
nter
pris
e C
omm
unity
.M
ore
than
one
-hal
f of
the
stud
ents
are
eco
nom
ical
lydi
sadv
anta
ged,
and
60
per-
cent
of
elem
enta
ry, 7
0 pe
r-ce
nt o
f m
iddl
e-sc
hool
, and
80 p
erce
nt o
f hi
gh s
choo
lst
uden
ts r
ecei
ve f
ree-
or
redu
ced-
pric
e m
eals
.
The
goa
ls o
f Pr
ojec
t SH
IEL
Dar
e to
: (1)
str
engt
hen
com
mu-
nity
par
tner
ship
s th
at s
uppo
rtsa
fe, d
isci
plin
ed, a
nd d
rug-
free
sch
ools
;(2
)he
lp s
tude
nts
deve
lop
skill
s an
d em
otio
nal
resi
lienc
e to
ach
ieve
pos
itive
men
tal h
ealth
, eng
age
in p
ro-
soci
al b
ehav
ior,
and
avo
idvi
olen
ce a
nd d
rug
use;
and
(3)
ensu
re th
at s
tude
nts
are
able
to le
arn
in a
saf
e, d
isci
-pl
ined
, and
dru
g-fr
ee e
nvi-
ronm
ent.
To
supp
ort e
arly
child
hood
dev
elop
men
t, a
Prim
ary
Men
tal H
ealth
Prog
ram
will
be
cond
ucte
d,pr
ovid
ing
indi
vidu
al in
tera
c-tiv
e pl
ay s
essi
ons
for
child
ren
who
are
beg
inni
ng to
sho
wad
just
men
t dif
ficu
lties
. To
enha
nce
men
tal h
ealth
pre
-ve
ntio
n an
d in
terv
entio
n,Fu
nctio
nal F
amily
The
rapy
and
Mul
ti-Sy
stem
ic T
hera
pyw
ill b
e im
plem
ente
d. T
each
ertr
aini
ng w
ill f
ocus
on
clas
s-ro
om b
ehav
ior
man
agem
ent.
To
supp
ort s
choo
l saf
ety,
team
s at
the
dist
rict
and
scho
ol le
vel w
ill b
e tr
aine
don
Cri
me
Prev
entio
nT
hrou
gh E
nvir
onm
enta
lD
esig
n.
Bal
timor
e, M
aryl
and
Part
ners
:
Bal
timor
e C
ity P
ublic
Sch
ool S
yste
m
Bal
timor
e M
enta
l Hea
lth S
yste
m, I
nc.
Bal
timor
e C
ity P
olic
e D
epor
tmen
t
Thi
s ye
ar, t
he B
altim
ore
City
Publ
ic S
choo
l Sys
tem
will
serv
e 10
5,37
9 st
uden
ts. O
fth
ese
stud
ents
, 67.
9 pe
rcen
tqu
alif
y fo
r fr
ee-
and
redu
ced-
pric
e m
eals
. Hom
icid
e is
the
lead
ing
caus
e of
dea
th f
orad
oles
cent
s, w
ith a
vio
lent
deat
h ra
te o
f 14
6.6
per
100,
000
yout
h; th
e ju
veni
lear
rest
rat
e is
thre
e tim
es th
ena
tiona
l ave
rage
at 6
85.3
per
100,
000
yout
h. T
he s
peci
aled
ucat
ion
rate
for
the
dist
rict
is 3
8 pe
rcen
t hig
her
than
for
the
rest
of
the
stat
e, a
nd o
nly
36 p
erce
nt o
f hi
gh s
choo
l stu
-de
nts
grad
uate
on
time.
Thr
ough
a c
ityw
ide
proc
ess,
the
scho
ol d
istr
ict w
ill w
ork
tow
ard
the
follo
win
g go
als:
child
ren
will
ent
er s
choo
lre
ady
to s
ucce
ed, c
hild
ren
and
youn
g ad
ults
will
rec
eive
an e
ffec
tive
educ
atio
n, c
hil-
dren
will
live
in n
urtu
ring
fam
ilies
, chi
ldre
n w
ill li
ve in
safe
com
mun
ities
, and
fam
i-lie
s w
ill b
ecom
e se
lf-r
elia
nt.
The
initi
ativ
e w
ill e
nsur
e th
atpr
egna
nt y
outh
and
you
ngm
othe
rs in
targ
et s
choo
ls a
relin
ked
with
hom
e vi
sitin
g an
dcl
inic
-bas
ed p
rogr
ams,
incl
udin
g ac
cess
to n
urse
s.Pl
ans
also
incl
ude
a su
bsta
n-tia
l inc
reas
e in
aft
er-s
choo
l,su
mm
er s
choo
l, an
d fa
mily
supp
ort p
rogr
ams.
Men
tal
Hea
lth S
yste
ms
and
the
Publ
ic S
choo
l Sys
tem
will
join
tly o
vers
ee a
n ex
tens
ive
prog
ram
of
scho
ol-b
ased
men
tal h
ealth
ser
vice
s, a
ndw
rapa
roun
d se
rvic
es w
ill b
ede
velo
ped.
Nei
ghbo
rhoo
dpa
rent
liai
sons
will
ass
ist a
ndsu
ppor
t lin
kage
s to
par
ents
,w
hile
an
ener
gize
d pr
ogra
mof
com
mun
ity p
olic
ing
will
incr
ease
law
enf
orce
men
tin
volv
emen
t in
scho
ols
and
surr
ound
ing
area
s.
Spr
ingf
ield
, Mas
sach
uset
ts
Part
ners
:
Spr
ingf
ield
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Com
mon
wea
lth o
fM
assa
chus
etts
Dep
artm
ent o
f M
enta
l Hea
lth
Spr
ingf
ield
Polic
e D
epor
tmen
t
The
pov
erty
rat
e in
Spr
ingf
ield
is 1
7.7
perc
ent,
and
the
city
rank
s 34
1 ou
t of
354
tow
nsan
d ci
ties
in M
assa
chus
etts
for
med
ian
hous
ehol
d in
com
e.In
199
8-99
, 77
perc
ent o
fSp
ring
fiel
d st
uden
ts r
ecei
ved
free
- or
red
uced
-pri
ce m
eals
.
Ear
ly c
hild
hood
psy
chos
ocia
lan
d em
otio
nal d
evel
opm
ent
prog
ram
s w
ill s
erve
all
high
-ri
sk f
amili
es w
ith y
oung
chi
l-dr
en a
nd a
ll hi
gh-r
isk
mot
h-
ers
prio
r to
the
birt
h of
ach
ild. P
hysi
cal a
nd m
enta
lhe
alth
ser
vice
s, in
clud
ing
par-
entin
g sk
ills
trai
ning
, fam
ilysu
ppor
t opp
ortu
nitie
s, c
risi
sin
terv
entio
n, a
nd in
tegr
ated
ther
apy
to c
areg
iver
s an
dte
ache
rs, w
ill a
ddre
ss th
eso
cial
and
em
otio
nal n
eeds
of
child
ren.
Alte
rnat
ives
to s
ub-
stan
ce a
buse
and
vio
lenc
e ar
e
lies.
Edu
catio
nal r
efor
m w
illco
nsis
t of
two
trai
ning
and
deve
lopm
ent e
ffor
ts in
the
publ
ic s
choo
lsbo
thde
sign
ed to
add
ress
bul
lyin
g,ha
rass
men
t, an
d vi
olen
ce,
and
to p
rom
ote
earl
y id
entif
i-ca
tion
and
stra
tegi
c in
terv
en-
tion
stra
tegi
es a
imed
at p
rob-
lem
stu
dent
beh
avio
rs. A
saf
esc
hool
env
iron
men
t will
be
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"The
wor
ld th
at m
y so
n is
gro
win
g up
in is
not
the
wor
ld th
at I
gre
w u
p in
. And
I'v
e go
t to
be in
his
wor
ld if
I'm
goi
ng to
be
able
to b
e hi
s da
d....
You
've
got t
o br
idge
it."
Mik
e W
oodr
uff,
Ass
ocia
te P
asto
r, C
hris
t Chu
rch,
Chi
cago
,
and
Lea
der
in Y
oung
Lif
e C
hris
tian
Fello
wsh
ip
prop
osed
thro
ugh
soci
al a
ndre
crea
tiona
l act
iviti
es a
ndm
ento
ring
. Sch
ool a
nd c
om-
mun
ity m
enta
l hea
lth p
reve
n-tiv
e an
d tr
eatm
ent s
ervi
ces
will
con
sist
of
scre
enin
g an
das
sess
men
t in
the
scho
ol s
et-
ting,
sch
ool-
base
d m
enta
lhe
alth
pre
vent
ion
and
earl
yin
terv
entio
n se
rvic
es f
or a
t-ri
sk s
tude
nts
and
thei
r fa
mi-
lies,
ref
erra
l and
fol
low
-up
with
loca
l men
tal h
ealth
agen
cies
, tra
inin
g an
d co
nsul
-ta
tion
to s
choo
l per
sonn
elan
d su
ppor
t ser
vice
s to
fam
i-
acco
mpl
ishe
d by
sch
ool r
es-
ourc
e of
fice
rs, s
choo
l fac
ility
desi
gn, a
nd s
choo
l sec
urity
mea
sure
s.
Lans
ing,
Mic
higa
n
Part
ners
:
Lans
ing
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
Clin
gton
-Eat
on-I
ngha
m C
omm
unity
Men
tal H
ealth
Boa
rd
Ingh
am C
ount
y S
herif
f's D
epar
tmen
t
The
Lan
sing
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
serv
es s
tude
nts
in 3
4 el
emen
-ta
ry s
choo
ls, f
our
mid
dle
scho
ols,
and
thre
e hi
ghsc
hool
s. O
ver
one-
quar
ter
of
the
dist
rict
's s
tude
nts
live
ator
bel
ow p
over
ty le
vel.
Cur
rent
men
tal a
nd p
hysi
cal
heal
th s
ervi
ces
do n
ot m
eet
the
grea
t nee
d of
man
y hi
gh-
risk
fam
ilies
, esp
ecia
lly th
ose
with
pre
scho
ol c
hild
ren.
An
exte
nsiv
e ne
twor
k of
earl
y ch
ildho
od s
ervi
ces,
coor
dina
ted
at th
e co
mm
uni-
ty le
vel,
will
be
orie
nted
for
high
-ris
k ch
ildre
n fr
om b
irth
to a
ge 5
and
thei
r fa
mili
es to
assu
re th
at c
hild
ren
ente
rsc
hool
rea
dy to
lear
n. T
heea
rly
child
hood
pro
gram
will
incl
ude
incr
ease
d pe
rson
nel
for
fam
ily c
onsu
ltatio
n, o
ut-
reac
h, s
cree
ning
, ref
erra
l for
men
tal h
ealth
and
oth
er s
er-
vice
s, im
prov
ed c
onne
ctio
nsw
ith p
rim
ary
heal
th c
are,
and
enha
nced
pre
scho
ol p
ro-
gram
s. S
cree
ning
and
ref
erra
lfo
r hi
gh-r
isk
kind
erga
rten
child
ren,
a c
asua
lty o
f pr
evi-
ous
budg
et c
uts,
will
be
rein
-st
ated
. Sch
ool s
taff
, inc
ludi
ngki
nder
gart
en te
ache
rs, w
ill b
etr
aine
d in
tim
ely
reco
gniti
onan
d re
ferr
al o
f tr
oubl
ed s
tu-
dent
s an
d fa
mili
es b
efor
e vi
o-le
nce
occu
rs. E
vide
nce-
base
dpr
even
tion
prog
ram
s w
illin
clud
e pa
rent
edu
catio
n,in
crea
sed
pare
ntal
invo
lve-
men
t, an
d te
achi
ng c
hild
ren
and
yout
h sk
ills
to a
void
sub
-st
ance
abu
se a
nd v
iole
nce.
55 Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 1.
9
5620
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
St.
Loui
s, M
isso
uri
Part
ners
:
St. L
ouis
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
City
of
St. L
ouis
Men
tal H
ealth
Boa
rd
of T
rust
ees
St. L
ouis
Met
ropo
litan
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
St. L
ouis
, with
a p
opul
atio
nof
397
,000
, is
one
of th
epo
ores
t citi
es in
the
natio
n.A
lmos
t one
in f
our
city
res
i-de
nts,
and
ove
r 55
per
cent
of
thei
r ch
ildre
n, li
ve in
pov
erty
.T
he d
istr
ict e
xper
ienc
es a
high
sch
ool c
umul
ativ
edr
opou
t rat
e of
61
perc
ent.
The
St.
Lou
is P
artn
ersh
ip f
orSa
fe S
choo
ls/H
ealth
ySt
uden
ts a
ims
to h
elp
yout
hde
velo
p th
e sk
ills
and
reso
urce
s to
avo
id d
rug
use
and
viol
ent b
ehav
ior
and
toes
tabl
ish
and
mai
ntai
n sa
fe,
disc
iplin
ed, d
rug-
free
sch
ool
envi
ronm
ents
. Ear
ly c
hild
-ho
od p
sych
osoc
ial a
nd e
mo-
tiona
l dev
elop
men
t pro
gram
sw
ill b
e co
ordi
nate
d th
roug
h a
case
man
agem
ent s
yste
m.
Thr
ee tr
aini
ng c
ours
es in
sub
-st
ance
abu
se a
nd v
iole
nce
prev
entio
n w
ill b
e co
nduc
ted,
and
the
Safe
and
Dru
g-Fr
eeSc
hool
s Pr
ogra
m w
ill tr
ain
scho
ol p
reve
ntio
n te
ams
in a
llel
emen
tary
, mid
dle
and
high
scho
ols.
Sch
ool a
nd c
omm
u-ni
ty m
enta
l hea
lth p
reve
ntio
n
and
trea
tmen
t ser
vice
s w
ill b
epr
ovid
ed in
two,
sev
en-s
choo
lcl
uste
rs a
s a
pilo
t for
sch
ool-
linke
d se
rvic
es to
be
impl
e-m
ente
d ac
ross
the
com
mun
i-ty
. The
Int
erna
tiona
l Ins
titut
ew
ill s
uppo
rt m
enta
l hea
lthse
rvic
es f
or im
mig
rant
fam
i-lie
s. E
duca
tiona
l ref
orm
effo
rts
will
con
sist
of
trai
ning
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 2
to 1
2 as
conf
lict m
anag
ers
and
esta
b-lis
hing
stu
dent
-led
med
iatio
nse
rvic
es a
t mid
dle
and
high
scho
ols.
Ral
eigh
, Nor
th C
arol
ina
Part
ners
:
Wak
e C
ount
y Pu
blic
Sch
ool S
yste
m
Wak
e C
ount
y H
uman
Ser
vice
s A
genc
y
Wak
e C
ount
y Sh
erif
f's D
epar
tmen
t and
City
of
Ral
eigh
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
Wak
e C
ount
y Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t ser
ves
92,0
00 s
tu-
dent
s. R
isk
fact
ors
in th
eco
mm
unity
incl
ude
10.3
2ju
veni
le v
iole
nt c
rim
e ar
rest
spe
r 1,
000
child
ren
in 1
996,
com
pare
d to
1.8
2 fo
r th
est
ate
and
1.34
for
the
natio
n,as
wel
l as
4.03
juve
nile
dru
gar
rest
s pe
r 1,
000
child
ren
in19
96, c
ompa
red
to 2
.35
for
the
stat
e an
d 2.
07 f
or th
ena
tion.
Nea
rly
10 p
erce
nt o
fst
uden
ts w
ere
livin
g in
fam
i-lie
s in
pov
erty
, and
21.
6 pe
r-ce
nt o
f st
uden
ts r
ecei
ve f
ree-
and/
or r
educ
ed-p
rice
lunc
hes.
III
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"Lis
ten
to y
our
child
ren.
The
y ar
e so
me
of th
ew
ises
t peo
ple
that
you
will
eve
r ta
lk to
. The
y ha
ve s
uch
good
judg
emen
t. T
hey
can
spot
pho
nies
a m
ile a
way
,an
d th
ey c
an te
ll yo
uif
you
let t
hem
whe
n th
ey a
reaf
raid
and
whe
n th
ey're
con
cern
ed."
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
Jan
et R
eno
Ear
ly c
hild
hood
pro
gram
-m
ing
will
incl
ude
expa
ndin
gth
e ex
istin
g co
mm
unity
-wid
eca
paci
ty to
pro
vide
in-h
ome
supp
ort s
ervi
ces
for
at-r
isk
fam
ilies
in c
omm
uniti
es w
ithhi
gh c
once
ntra
tions
of
mul
ti-pl
e ri
sk f
acto
rs. C
omm
unity
men
tori
ng o
rgan
izat
ions
will
prov
ide
indi
vidu
al m
ento
rsfo
r st
uden
ts c
onsi
dere
d at
-ri
sk. T
he p
rogr
am w
ill p
ro-
vide
div
ersi
onar
y op
tions
for
adju
dica
ted
yout
h, a
s w
ell a
sdi
scip
linar
y op
tions
for
all
stud
ents
. Sch
ool-
base
dsc
reen
ing,
ass
essm
ent,
refe
r-ra
l, an
d fo
llow
-up
serv
ices
,al
ong
with
men
tal h
ealth
pre
-ve
ntio
n an
d ea
rly
inte
rven
-tio
n se
rvic
es, w
ill b
e ex
pand
-ed
. Sub
stan
ce a
buse
pro
-gr
ams
and
in-h
ome
supp
ort
serv
ices
for
fam
ilies
with
youn
g ch
ildre
n w
ill a
lso
beex
pand
ed. T
rain
ing
will
be
prov
ided
for
pre
scho
ol,
kind
erga
rten
, and
oth
er
57
teac
hers
and
sta
ff, a
s th
eyw
ork
with
you
th in
var
ious
clas
ses
and
afte
r-sc
hool
prog
ram
s.
Win
ston
-Sal
em, N
orth
Car
olin
a
Part
ners
:
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Sc
hool
s
Cen
ter
Poin
t Hum
an S
ervi
ces
Win
ston
-Sal
em P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
thC
ount
y Sc
hool
s se
rve
a st
u-de
nt p
opul
atio
n in
a s
mal
lur
ban
com
mun
ity. I
nfan
tm
orta
lity
is s
ubst
antia
llyhi
gher
than
in th
e re
st o
fth
e st
ate.
App
roxi
mat
ely
18pe
rcen
t of
child
ren
live
at o
rbe
low
the
pove
rty
leve
l. Si
nce
1994
, vio
lent
cri
me
rate
s fo
ryo
uth
unde
r ag
e 18
hav
ebe
en h
ighe
r th
an th
e st
ate,
and
natio
nal l
evel
s, a
nd e
ach
year
mor
e th
an h
alf
of a
llyo
ung
offe
nder
s in
the
coun
tyha
ve b
een
arre
sted
for
vio
lent
and
assa
ult c
rim
es. D
rug
arre
sts
amon
g co
unty
you
thha
ve d
oubl
ed s
ince
199
4.
A m
ater
nal h
ome
visi
tatio
npr
ogra
m w
ill b
e im
plem
ente
dw
ith te
enag
e m
othe
rs to
impr
ove
pren
atal
car
e an
dea
rly
child
hood
dev
elop
men
t.Pr
e-K
and
kin
derg
arte
n m
en-
tal h
ealth
ser
vice
s w
ill b
eex
pand
ed to
link
you
ng c
hil-
dren
to m
enta
l hea
lth s
ervi
ces
and
to r
emed
y or
impr
ove
prob
lem
beh
avio
rs e
arly
.E
lem
enta
ry s
tude
nts
will
be
prov
ided
with
an
age-
appr
o-pr
iate
and
gra
de-s
eque
ntia
lcu
rric
ulum
that
will
cov
erto
pics
suc
h as
pro
blem
-sol
v-in
g sk
ills,
vio
lenc
e pr
even
-tio
n, s
choo
l dro
pout
issu
es,
and
char
acte
r ed
ucat
ion.
Pare
nts
will
be
offe
red
trai
n-in
g in
vio
lenc
e pr
even
tion,
com
mun
icat
ion,
dis
cipl
ine,
and
prob
lem
-sol
ving
.St
uden
ts li
ving
in n
eigh
bor-
hood
s w
ith h
igh
juve
nile
crim
e ra
tes
will
be
offe
red
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
sde
sign
ed to
incr
ease
the
invo
lvem
ent o
f ca
regi
vers
and
pare
nts
in th
eir
child
ren'
sed
ucat
ion
and
to p
rovi
deex
tend
ed-d
ay c
are
duri
ngpe
ak h
ours
of
juve
nile
cri
me.
Tea
cher
s an
d ad
min
istr
ator
sw
ill r
ecei
ve tr
aini
ng in
bul
lypr
even
tion,
ang
er m
anag
e-m
ent,
and
viol
ence
pre
ven-
tion,
and
will
be
prov
ided 58
with
inte
rven
tion
and
refe
rral
info
rmat
ion.
The
num
ber
offu
ll-tim
e sc
hool
res
ourc
e of
fi-
cers
at m
iddl
e sc
hool
s w
ill b
ein
crea
sed
to, h
elp
redu
ce tr
u-an
cy r
ates
. Sur
veill
ance
cam
-er
as w
ill b
e in
stal
led
insc
hool
s lo
cate
d in
nei
ghbo
r-ho
ods
with
hig
h ju
veni
lecr
ime
rate
s.
Proj
ect S
YN
ER
GY
will
ser
vehi
gh-r
isk
stud
ents
and
fam
i-lie
s in
10
elem
enta
ry s
choo
ls,
five
mid
dle
scho
ols
and
five
high
sch
ools
. For
ele
men
tary
,m
iddl
e an
d se
cond
ary
scho
olst
uden
ts, t
he p
roje
ct w
illim
plem
ent s
ever
al d
rug
and
viol
ence
pre
vent
ion
stra
tegi
es,
incl
udin
g a
prog
ram
des
igne
d
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"Chi
ldre
n, p
artic
ular
ly a
dole
scen
ts,
are
at a
mos
t cri
tical
and
and
tum
ultu
ous
poin
t in
thei
r liv
es.
The
impo
rtan
ce th
at e
mot
iona
l sta
bilit
y pl
ays
in th
eir
educ
atio
n is
, at b
est,
pow
erfu
lly u
nder
stat
ed."
Rob
ert A
shw
orth
, Tol
edo,
Ohi
o
Cle
vela
nd, O
hio
Part
ners
:
Cle
vela
nd M
unic
ipal
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
Cuy
ahog
a C
ount
y M
enta
l Hea
lth B
oard
City
of C
leve
land
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
Eig
hty
perc
ent o
f C
leve
land
'sst
uden
ts r
ecei
ve f
ree-
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nche
s. E
ight
ype
rcen
t of
elem
enta
ry s
choo
lst
uden
ts in
Cle
vela
nd r
epor
t-ed
that
they
had
see
nso
meo
ne b
eing
bea
ten
up a
tsc
hool
, and
40
perc
ent h
adse
en s
omeo
ne b
eing
sho
t at.
to in
flue
nce
soci
al n
orm
s an
dst
reng
then
soc
ial s
kills
. The
part
ners
will
als
o pr
ovid
e a
part
-tim
e m
enta
l hea
lth in
ter-
vent
ion
spec
ialis
t to
redu
ceth
e m
enta
l hea
lth c
onse
-qu
ence
s of
exp
osur
e to
vio
-le
nce
and
vict
imiz
atio
n. T
hesp
ecia
lists
will
als
o es
tabl
ish
an in
terv
entio
n as
sist
ance
team
in e
ach
of th
e pa
rtic
i-pa
ting
scho
ols
to s
cree
n an
das
sess
stu
dent
s w
ho h
ave
heal
th, e
mot
iona
l, be
havi
oral
or le
arni
ng c
once
rns.
Add
-iti
onal
teac
her
prof
essi
onal
deve
lopm
ent i
nstr
uctio
n w
illbe
off
ered
in m
enta
l hea
lth,
as w
ell a
s in
dru
g an
d vi
o-le
nce
prev
entio
n. A
s pa
rt o
fth
e di
stri
ct's
ong
oing
ref
orm
effo
rts,
the
proj
ect w
illex
pand
inst
ruct
ion
time
and
afte
r-sc
hool
act
iviti
es.
Col
umbu
s, O
hio
Part
ners
:
Col
umbu
s P
ublic
Sch
ools
Fra
nklin
Cou
nty
Alc
ohol
, Dru
g A
buse
and
Men
tal H
ealth
Boa
rd
City
of C
olum
bus
Dep
artm
ent o
f
Pub
lic S
afet
y
The
Col
umbu
s Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t ser
ves
alm
ost 6
5,00
0st
uden
ts. T
he s
tude
nt g
radu
a-tio
n ra
te is
56.
8 pe
rcen
t,w
ell b
elow
the
stat
e pe
rfor
-m
ance
sta
ndar
d of
90
per-
cent
. Thi
rty-
seve
n pe
rcen
t of
the
stud
ents
are
con
side
red
econ
omic
ally
dis
adva
ntag
ed.
In 1
994,
Col
umbu
s w
asde
sign
ated
an
Ent
erpr
ise
Com
mun
ity, w
ith 1
8 ce
nsus
trac
ts in
the
city
cen
ter
that
qua
lifie
d fo
r th
e de
sig-
natio
n. I
n M
arch
199
9,E
mpo
wer
men
t Zon
e st
atus
was
con
ferr
ed.
Thr
ough
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
scho
ol/c
omm
unity
Res
ourc
eD
evel
opm
ent T
eam
s as
sign
edto
ser
ve a
hig
h sc
hool
and
its
feed
er m
iddl
e an
d el
emen
tary
scho
ols,
stu
dent
s an
d fa
mili
es
will
be
linke
d w
ith e
duca
tion,
prev
entio
n, in
terv
entio
n an
dre
ferr
al s
ervi
ces
in th
e sc
hool
and
com
mun
ity. P
re-K
and
Hea
d St
art p
rogr
ams
will
be
stre
ngth
ened
and
exp
ande
d,es
peci
ally
thro
ugh
the
addi
-tio
n of
sch
ool n
urse
s.R
eadi
ng p
rogr
ams
will
be
pilo
ted
to a
ssis
t in
the
earl
yde
velo
pmen
t of
read
ing
skill
s.Pr
even
tion
and
earl
y in
ter-
vent
ion
prog
ram
s an
d se
r-vi
ces
will
be
mad
e av
aila
ble
to s
choo
ls a
s ne
eded
fro
mC
omm
unity
Men
tal H
ealth
Serv
ices
. A S
afe
Scho
ols
Aud
it w
ill b
e co
nduc
ted
of a
llpo
licie
s, p
roce
dure
s, a
ndac
tiviti
es, f
ollo
wed
by
anex
pans
ion
of a
fter
-sch
ool
prog
ram
s to
stu
dent
s in
all
scho
ols.
Por
tland
, Ore
gon
Part
ners
:
Por
tland
Pub
lic S
choo
ls, D
istr
ict 1
Mul
tnom
ah C
ount
y C
omm
unity
and
Fam
ily S
ervi
ces
Mul
tnom
ah C
ount
y Ju
veni
le a
nd A
dult
Com
mun
ity J
ustic
e
Port
land
Pub
lic S
choo
ls, t
hela
rges
t dis
tric
t in
the
Paci
fic
Nor
thw
est,
serv
es 5
5,83
1st
uden
ts f
rom
inne
r-ci
ty,
subu
rban
, and
rur
al c
omm
u-ni
ties.
Thi
rty-
eigh
t per
cent
of
the
stud
ents
qua
lify
for
free
-or
red
uced
-pri
ce lu
nche
s.
59 Ann
ual R
pnnr
t on
Rnh
nni R
at.h
, 71
Citi
zens
in th
e di
stri
ct s
peak
over
60
diff
eren
t lan
guag
esan
d st
uden
ts w
hose
hom
ela
ngua
ge is
not
Eng
lish
repr
esen
t 8 p
erce
nt o
f to
tal
enro
llmen
t.
The
Por
tland
Par
tner
ship
Plan
will
ens
ure
that
all
stu-
dent
s at
tend
ing
Port
land
Publ
ic S
choo
ls c
an le
arn
in a
safe
, hea
lthy,
dis
cipl
ined
, and
drug
-fre
e en
viro
nmen
t. E
arly
ar,
eora
:la
vula
nuan
tik
r
Rea
ctio
ns to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"I a
m a
par
ent,
not a
soc
ial w
orke
r, b
ut I
bel
ieve
unt
ilth
e sc
hool
s st
art l
ooki
ng a
t our
kid
s as
indi
vidu
als
and
star
tad
dres
sing
them
acc
ordi
ng to
thei
r ne
eds,
we
are
goin
gto
con
tinue
to h
ave
this
pro
blem
. We
need
our
sch
ools
toim
plem
ent p
rogr
ams
that
will
enc
oura
ge k
ids
to a
cclim
ate
to th
eir
peer
s, n
ot a
clim
ate
that
ser
ves
to o
stra
cize
them
."
Lin
da M
arin
ovic
h, S
eattl
e, W
ashi
ngto
n
"...a
s an
edu
cato
r, I
fee
l tha
t we
need
mor
e gu
idan
ceco
unse
lors
in s
choo
ls. W
e ar
e un
able
to h
andl
e th
e gr
eat
num
bers
of
soci
al c
once
rns
affe
ctin
g ou
r st
uden
ts."
Chr
istin
e M
iller
, Fre
elan
d H
igh
Scho
ol, F
reel
and,
Mis
sour
i
child
hood
psy
chol
ogic
al a
ndem
otio
nal d
evel
opm
ent p
ro-
gram
s w
ill b
e pr
ovid
ed b
ybu
ildin
g th
e ca
paci
ty o
f th
ech
ild c
are
prov
ider
sys
tem
.Id
entif
icat
ion,
ass
essm
ent a
ndG
O
22 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
refe
rral
s fo
r st
uden
ts in
nee
dof
men
tal h
ealth
ser
vice
s w
illbe
exp
ande
d in
sch
ools
that
serv
e m
any
of th
e di
stri
ct's
high
-ris
k st
uden
ts. M
enta
lhe
alth
spe
cial
ists
will
pro
vide
indi
vidu
al a
nd g
roup
ther
apy
serv
ices
for
stu
dent
s an
d th
eir
fam
ilies
and
con
sulta
tion
toth
ese
mid
dle
and
alte
rnat
ive
scho
ols.
Saf
e sc
hool
pol
icie
sw
ill li
nk p
olic
ies
and
prac
-tic
es u
sed
to r
espo
nd to
atte
ndan
ce a
nd d
isci
plin
ary
viol
atio
ns w
ith s
ervi
ces
and
supp
orts
nec
essa
ry to
impr
ove
stud
ent b
ehav
ior
and
incr
ease
sch
ool s
afet
y.
Spri
ngfi
eld,
Ore
gon
Par
tner
s:
Spr
ingf
ield
Sch
ool D
istr
ict 1
9
Lane
Cou
nty
Hea
lth a
nd H
uman
Ser
vice
s
Dep
artm
ent,
Men
tal H
ealth
Div
isio
n
City
of S
prin
gfie
ld P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Mor
e th
an 1
4 pe
rcen
t of
fam
ilies
with
chi
ldre
n un
der
the
age
of 1
8 w
ho li
ve in
Spri
ngfi
eld
Scho
ol D
istr
ict 1
9ar
e be
low
the
pove
rty
line.
The
per
cent
ages
of
stud
ents
on f
ree-
or
redu
ced-
pric
elu
nche
s ar
e ne
ar 2
7 pe
rcen
tin
Eug
ene,
36
perc
ent i
nB
ethe
l, an
d 33
per
cent
inSp
ring
fiel
d. I
n th
e sp
ring
of
1998
, Spr
ingf
ield
was
the
site
of tr
agic
eve
nts
in w
hich
ast
uden
t sho
t and
kill
ed f
ello
wst
uden
ts a
nd h
is p
aren
ts.
The
pro
ject
goa
ls o
f th
eSp
ring
fiel
d U
rban
Saf
eSc
hool
s C
onso
rtiu
m a
re to
help
stu
dent
s de
velo
p th
esk
ills
and
resi
lienc
e ne
cess
ary
to p
rom
ote
posi
tive
men
tal
heal
th, e
ngag
e in
pro
soci
albe
havi
or, a
nd p
reve
nt v
iole
ntbe
havi
or a
nd d
rug
use;
to'
ensu
re th
at a
ll st
uden
ts in
.th
ese
scho
ol d
istr
icts
are
abl
eto
lear
n in
a s
afe,
dis
cipl
ined
,an
d al
coho
l- a
nd d
rug-
free
envi
ronm
ent;
and
to h
elp
deve
lop
an in
fras
truc
ture
that
will
sup
port
com
mun
ityde
velo
pmen
t and
inst
itutio
n-al
ize
and
sust
ain
inte
grat
edse
rvic
es a
fter
Fed
eral
fun
ding
has
ende
d.
The
Eff
ectiv
e B
ehav
iora
lSu
ppor
t (E
BS)
sys
tem
, asu
cces
sful
dru
g an
d vi
olen
cepr
even
tion
and
earl
y in
ter-
vent
ion
syst
em th
at is
alr
eady
in p
lace
at s
ome
scho
ols,
will
be e
xpan
ded.
The
EB
S sy
stem
will
incl
ude
earl
y pr
even
tion
serv
ices
to p
rom
ote
men
tal
heal
th. I
t will
mak
e sc
hool
s a
maj
or p
artn
er a
nd a
n ac
cess
poin
t for
men
tal h
ealth
ser
-vi
ces
and
ensu
re th
at s
ervi
ces
are
deliv
ered
at s
choo
ls.
Oth
er a
ctiv
ities
will
incl
ude
incr
easi
ng p
artn
ersh
ips
with
law
enf
orce
men
t, im
plem
ent-
ing
men
tori
ng p
rogr
ams,
addr
essi
ng b
ehav
iora
l iss
ues
amon
g hi
gh-r
isk
yout
h, a
nd
addr
essi
ng f
amily
vio
lenc
e.T
o in
crea
se. s
choo
l saf
ety,
the
Cri
me
Prev
entio
nT
hrou
gh E
nvir
onm
enta
lD
esig
n an
alys
is o
f sc
hool
sw
ill b
e co
mpl
eted
.
Phi
lade
lphi
a, P
enns
ylva
nia
Par
tner
s:
Scho
ols
Dis
tric
tof
Phi
lade
lphi
a
Cab
inet
for
Chi
ldre
n an
d F
amili
es
Phi
lade
lphi
a P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Phila
delp
hia,
the
fift
h la
rges
tsc
hool
dis
tric
t in
the
coun
try,
enro
lls m
ore
than
210
,000
child
ren,
of
who
m n
earl
y 80
perc
ent c
ome
from
low
-inc
ome
fam
ilies
. The
ave
rage
rat
eof
hig
h sc
hool
gra
duat
ion
is52
per
cent
. In
som
e hi
ghsc
hool
s, th
e ra
te d
rops
as
low
as 2
0 pe
rcen
t.
The
goa
ls o
f Ph
ilade
lphi
a's
Tak
ing
Prev
entio
n to
Sca
lepl
an a
re to
incr
ease
the
num
-be
r of
chi
ldre
n en
teri
ng 1
stgr
ade
with
the
soci
al, p
hysi
-ca
l, co
gniti
ve, a
nd e
mot
iona
lsk
ills
requ
ired
for
lear
ning
;in
crea
se th
e nu
mbe
r of
stu
-de
nts
prom
oted
and
rea
dy to
grad
uate
fro
m h
igh
scho
olpr
epar
ed f
or p
ost-
seco
ndar
ysu
cces
s; a
nd d
ecre
ase
the
fre-
quen
cy o
f, a
nd p
reve
nt th
eoc
curr
ence
of,
fur
ther
you
th-
rela
ted
viol
ence
and
cri
me.
Act
iviti
es to
ach
ieve
thes
ego
als
incl
ude
incr
easi
ng th
e
num
ber
of f
amily
cen
ters
and
hom
e se
rvic
es f
or e
arly
inte
rven
tion;
str
engt
heni
ngsc
hool
aca
dem
ic a
nd m
en-
tal/b
ehav
iora
l hea
lth s
ervi
cesy
stem
s; c
reat
ing
alte
rnat
ives
to v
iole
nce
thro
ugh
mor
eaf
ter-
scho
ol, c
omm
unity
,an
d ye
ar-r
ound
rec
reat
ion
prog
ram
s; a
nd c
reat
ing
mor
etr
uanc
y co
urts
.
Pitt
sbur
gh, P
enns
ylva
nia
Par
tner
s:
Scho
ol D
istr
ict o
f Pi
ttsbu
rgh
Alle
ghen
y C
ount
y D
epar
tmen
t of
Hum
an
Serv
ices
The
City
of
Pitts
burg
h Po
lice
Bur
eau
The
larg
e ur
ban
scho
oldi
stri
ct o
f Pi
ttsbu
rgh
enro
llsne
arly
40,
000
stud
ents
.Si
xty-
four
per
cent
of
stud
ents
rece
ive
free
- or
red
uced
-pr
ice
lunc
hes,
and
32
perc
ent
of f
amili
es r
ecei
ve p
ublic
assi
stan
ce.
The
goa
ls o
f th
e Pi
ttsbu
rgh
Safe
Sch
ools
/Hea
lthy
Stud
ents
Ini
tiativ
e ar
e to
hel
pPi
ttsbu
rgh
Publ
ic S
choo
l(P
PS)
stud
ents
dev
elop
the
skill
s an
d em
otio
nal r
esili
ence
nece
ssar
y to
pro
mot
e po
sitiv
em
enta
l hea
lth, e
ngag
e in
pros
ocia
l beh
avio
r, a
nd p
re-
vent
vio
lent
beh
avio
r an
ddr
ug u
se; e
nsur
e th
at a
ll st
u-de
nts
who
atte
nd P
PSs
are
able
to le
arn
in a
saf
e, d
isci
-
;62
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"We
(as
stud
ents
).w
ant t
o be
invo
lved
in o
ur c
omm
unity
.W
e w
ant s
afe
afte
r-sc
hool
act
iviti
es a
nd w
e w
ant t
o be
par
tof
a te
am. W
e w
ant p
ositi
ve im
ages
in o
ur li
fe, i
n ou
rsc
hool
s an
d in
our
fam
ilies
. We
wan
t to
mak
e a
diff
eren
ce.
We
wan
t our
fam
ilies
and
com
mun
ities
acr
oss
the
coun
try
to b
e in
volv
ed in
mak
ing
a di
ffer
ence
with
us.
"
Gui
lfor
d L
akes
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool,
Do
Som
ethi
ng G
roup
,
Gui
lfor
d, C
onne
ctic
ut
plin
ed, a
nd d
rug-
free
env
i-ro
nmen
t; an
d de
velo
p an
infr
astr
uctu
re th
at w
ill in
sti-
tutio
naliz
e an
d su
stai
n in
te-
grat
ed s
ervi
ces
afte
r Fe
dera
lfu
ndin
g ha
s en
ded.
The
ear
ly c
hild
hood
pro
gram
will
trai
n pa
rent
s an
d de
ve-
lop
a pa
rent
sup
port
net
-w
ork.
It w
ill a
lso
prov
ide
supp
ort t
o su
pple
men
t hom
ean
d pr
esch
ool e
xper
ienc
es f
orch
ildre
n w
ith r
eadi
ness
def
i-ci
enci
es. A
lcoh
ol a
nd o
ther
drug
and
vio
lenc
e pr
even
tion
activ
ities
will
incl
ude
educ
at-
ing
pare
nts
thro
ugh
regi
onal
-ly
spo
nsor
ed w
orks
hops
and
sem
inar
s at
sch
ools
and
inco
mm
uniti
es. S
choo
l and
com
mun
ity m
enta
l hea
lthse
rvic
es w
ill in
clud
e tr
aini
ngsc
hool
sta
ff o
n ho
w to
con
-du
ct a
nd/o
r ac
cess
scr
eeni
ngan
d as
sess
men
t ser
vice
s, a
s
wel
l as
incr
easi
ng th
e av
ail-
abili
ty o
f be
havi
or h
ealth
prof
essi
onal
s. A
dditi
onal
ser
-vi
ces
will
incl
ude
hiri
ng a
ndtr
aini
ng th
ree
pare
nt s
uppo
rtsp
ecia
lists
.
Hou
ston
, Tex
as
Part
ners
:
Hou
ston
Ind
epen
dent
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
Hou
ston
Hea
lth D
epor
tmen
t
Hou
ston
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
Hou
ston
Ind
epen
dent
Sch
ool
Dis
tric
t, th
e la
rges
t sch
ool
dist
rict
in T
exas
, is
mad
e up
of tw
o co
ntig
uous
sch
ool
feed
er p
atte
rns,
ser
ving
212,
000
stud
ents
. Stu
dent
invo
lvem
ent w
ith a
lcoh
ol a
nddr
ugs
is o
ver-
repr
esen
ted
atev
ery
grad
e le
vel.
Eve
n in
ele
-m
enta
ry s
choo
l, th
e ra
tes
ofm
ariju
ana
use
doub
led,
fro
m2
perc
ent i
n 19
96 to
4 p
er-
cent
in 1
998.
The
sch
ool d
is-
tric
t als
o ha
s hi
gh r
ates
of
scho
ol v
iole
nce
and
vict
im-
izat
ion,
sus
pens
ions
, dro
pout
,tr
uanc
y, a
nd e
xpul
sion
s.
The
Hou
ston
Saf
eSc
hool
s/H
ealth
y St
uden
tsIn
itiat
ive
will
hir
e in
fant
men
tal h
ealth
spe
cial
ists
topr
ovid
e sc
hool
- an
d ho
me-
base
d se
rvic
es to
pre
scho
olch
ildre
n. T
he in
itiat
ive
will
impl
emen
t a m
ulti-
fam
ily.
rela
tions
hip-
build
ing
pro-
gram
and
est
ablis
h af
ter-
scho
ol p
rogr
ams.
An
exis
ting
com
preh
ensi
ve d
ropo
ut-p
re-
vent
ion
prog
ram
will
be
expa
nded
to s
erve
13
addi
-tio
nal e
lem
enta
ry s
choo
ls,
empl
oy a
dditi
onal
clin
ical
soci
al w
orke
rs a
nd c
oun-
selo
rs, a
nd o
ffer
cas
e m
an-
agem
ent a
nd c
oord
inat
ion
serv
ices
. The
initi
ativ
e w
illes
tabl
ish
prog
ram
s to
rei
nte-
grat
e st
uden
ts f
rom
the
juve
-ni
le ju
stic
e sy
stem
and
tom
anag
e in
form
atio
n an
d an
a-ly
ze d
ata
on v
iole
nt a
nd n
on-
crim
inal
inci
dent
s. S
choo
lse
curi
ty m
easu
res
will
be
stre
ngth
ened
and
incr
ease
dby
inst
allin
g m
etal
det
ecto
rsan
d su
rvei
llanc
e ca
mer
as a
tal
l sch
ool f
acili
ties
and
assi
gnin
g pr
obat
ion
offi
cers
to th
e hi
gh s
choo
ls.
Bre
mer
ton,
Was
hing
ton
Par
tner
s:
Oly
mpi
c E
duca
tiona
l Ser
vice
Dis
tric
t
Kits
ap, J
effe
rson
, Pen
insu
la 8
Wes
t End
Men
tal H
ealth
Ser
vice
s an
d B
ehav
iora
l
Hea
lth R
esou
rces
Coa
litio
n of
Nin
eC
ount
y an
d C
omm
unity
Law
Enf
orce
men
t Age
ncie
s
A to
tal o
f 55,
000
stud
ents
from
urb
an, s
ubur
ban,
and
rura
l com
mun
ities
and
sch
ool
dist
rict
s w
ill b
e se
rved
by
the
Oly
mpi
c E
duca
tiona
l Ser
vice
Dis
tric
t (O
ESD
) Sa
feSc
hool
s/H
ealth
y St
uden
tspr
ogra
m. K
itsap
Cou
nty
is a
nur
ban
regi
on w
ith a
larg
e,de
cayi
ng in
ner
city
. Sev
entr
ibal
com
mun
ities
are
in th
ere
gion
and
app
roxi
mat
ely
2,30
0 st
uden
ts a
ttend
loca
lsc
hool
s.
OE
SD, t
hrou
gh S
peci
alE
duca
tion
Dep
artm
ents
, Hea
dSt
art,
and
an E
arly
Chi
ldho
odE
duca
tion
Ass
ista
nce
Prog
ram
, will
exp
and
and
enha
nce
serv
ices
for
chi
ldre
nfr
om b
irth
thro
ugh
kind
er-
gart
en. P
reve
ntio
n an
d in
ter-
vent
ion
spec
ialis
ts w
ill p
rovi
dest
uden
t ass
ista
nce
prog
ram
s at
the
mid
dle
and
high
sch
ool
leve
l. M
enta
l hea
lth th
erap
ists
will
be
assi
gned
to s
erve
scho
ols,
and
the
OE
SD w
illco
ntra
ct w
ith lo
cal c
omm
uni-
ty m
enta
l hea
lth a
genc
ies
tode
liver
key
men
tal h
ealth
63A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
23
serv
ices
. Mul
tisys
tem
icth
erap
y w
ill b
e de
liver
ed to
stud
ents
who
nee
d in
tens
ive
serv
ices
. Saf
e sc
hool
pol
icie
sw
ill c
ontin
ue to
be
impl
e-m
ente
d an
d re
info
rced
thro
ugh
the
activ
ities
of
the
Reg
iona
l Cri
sis
Res
pons
eT
eam
. Pro
pose
d st
rate
gies
for
educ
atio
nal r
efor
m in
clud
epr
ofes
sion
al d
evel
opm
ent
and
trai
ning
that
ent
ails
clas
sroo
m m
anag
emen
t; cr
isis
plan
ning
and
pre
pare
dnes
s;a
viol
ence
, alc
ohol
, and
oth
erdr
ug p
reve
ntio
n cu
rric
ulum
;an
d di
scip
line.
Mad
ison
, Wis
cons
in
Part
ners
:
Mad
ison
Met
ropo
litan
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
Dan
e C
ount
y D
epar
tmen
t of H
uman
Ser
vice
s
Mad
ison
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
Mad
ison
Met
ropo
litan
Scho
ol D
istr
ict (
MM
SD)
serv
es a
ppro
xim
atel
y 25
,000
stud
ents
. Bet
wee
n 19
90an
d 19
98, t
he p
erce
ntag
e of
low
-inc
ome
stud
ents
ros
efr
om 2
0 pe
rcen
t to
25 p
erce
nt.
The
sus
pens
ion
rate
has
rise
n dr
amat
ical
ly, a
nd th
ere
are
incr
ease
s in
the
rate
sof
trua
ncy,
vio
lent
and
dis
-ru
ptiv
e be
havi
or, d
rug
and
alco
hol u
se, l
ow b
irth
wei
ght b
abie
s, a
nd c
rim
e.
64
24 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
The
goa
ls o
f th
e M
MSD
and
its p
artn
ers
are
to f
ocus
on
crea
ting
a sa
fe s
choo
l env
i-ro
nmen
t, he
lpin
g st
uden
tsre
ach
thei
r fu
ll po
tent
ial,
build
ing
the
asse
ts n
eede
d fo
ra
succ
essf
ul tr
ansi
tion
toad
ulth
ood,
and
bui
ldin
g a
grea
ter
sens
e of
com
mun
ityam
ong
child
ren
and
adul
ts in
Mad
ison
sch
ools
. Maj
or in
i-tia
tives
incl
ude
expa
nded
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
min
g,ne
w in
terd
isci
plin
ary
posi
tive
beha
vior
sup
port
team
s fo
rth
e sc
hool
s, e
xpan
ded
hom
evi
sita
tion
serv
ices
for
fam
ilies
with
you
ng c
hild
ren,
pro
fes-
sion
al d
evel
opm
ent f
or f
ront
-lin
e yo
uth-
serv
ing
staf
f,an
exp
ande
d E
duca
tiona
lR
esou
rce
Off
icer
Pro
gram
,an
d an
arr
ay o
f sc
hool
secu
rity
and
rem
odel
ing
impr
ovem
ents
.
SU
BU
RB
AN
SIT
ES
San
Lui
s O
bisp
o, C
alifo
rnia
Part
ners
:
San
Lui
s O
bisp
o C
ount
y O
ffice
of E
duca
tion
Son
Lui
s O
bisp
o D
epar
tmen
t of M
enta
l
Hea
lth
San
Lui
s O
bisp
o C
ount
y S
herif
f's O
ffice
Tw
enty
per
cent
of f
amily
hous
ehol
ds in
San
Lui
sO
bisp
o C
ount
y ar
e he
aded
by a
sin
gle
pare
nt. T
hirt
y-si
xpe
rcen
t of
the
fam
ilies
live
belo
w th
e po
vert
y le
vel.
Up
to 2
8 pe
rcen
t of
the
stud
ents
qual
ify
for
free
- or
red
uced
-pr
ice
lunc
hes.
The
San
Lui
s O
bisp
o C
ount
ySa
fe S
choo
ls/H
ealth
ySt
uden
ts P
rogr
am w
ill a
ddtw
o pa
rt-t
ime
reso
urce
teac
h-er
s to
giv
e ea
rly
child
hood
teac
hers
tim
e to
scr
een,
iden
-
skill
s tr
aini
ng f
or m
onol
in-
gual
Spa
nish
fam
ilies
. Aco
unse
lor
will
be
hire
d to
deve
lop
and
impl
emen
t apr
ogra
m to
rei
nteg
rate
stu
-de
nts
from
the
Cou
rtC
omm
unity
Sch
ools
into
publ
ic s
choo
l dis
tric
ts. T
wo
part
-tim
e co
mm
unity
saf
ety
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"It s
tart
s w
ith p
aren
ts. P
aren
ts s
impl
y ne
edto
be
mor
e in
volv
ed, r
espo
nsib
le, o
bser
vant
,an
d ac
cess
ible
to th
eir
child
ren.
Ear
ly m
onito
ring
and
inte
rven
tion
prog
ram
s m
ust b
e cr
eate
dan
d im
plem
ente
d."
-Cha
rles
Mitt
elst
adt,
pare
nt, A
tlant
a, G
eorg
ia
tify,
and
wor
k w
ith y
oung
child
ren
who
are
at r
isk
for
beha
vior
pro
blem
s an
d w
ithfa
mili
es, s
omet
imes
thro
ugh
hom
e vi
sits
. The
Dep
artm
ent
of M
enta
l Hea
lth w
ill p
ro-
vide
a d
iagn
osis
and
ref
erra
ls,
indi
vidu
al a
nd f
amily
cou
n-se
ling
and
solu
tion-
focu
sed
inte
rven
tions
. Men
tal h
ealth
cons
ulta
nts
will
be
adde
d in
11 n
ew p
resc
hool
site
s.E
lem
enta
ry s
choo
l chi
ldre
nan
d th
eir
fam
ilies
will
par
tici-
pate
in a
vio
lenc
e an
d su
b-st
ance
abu
se p
reve
ntio
n pr
o-gr
am. T
he in
itiat
ive
will
als
opr
ovid
e lit
erac
y an
d so
cial
reso
urce
spe
cial
ists
will
org
a-ni
ze c
omm
unity
eve
nts
and
trai
ning
in s
choo
l saf
ety.
Oah
u, H
awai
i
Part
ners
:
Cen
tral
Oah
u D
istr
ict
Haw
aii D
epar
tmen
t of H
ealth
Hon
olul
u P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
The
Cen
tral
Oah
u D
istr
ict
enro
lls 3
4,50
0 st
uden
ts.
App
roxi
mat
ely
10 p
erce
nt o
fth
e st
uden
ts r
equi
re s
peci
aled
ucat
ion
serv
ices
. Stu
dent
sdi
smis
sed
from
sch
ool f
orpo
sses
sion
of
a w
eapo
n, p
os-
sess
ion
or u
se o
f ill
icit
drug
s,an
d ot
her
seri
ous
offe
nses
jum
ped
from
eig
ht in
cide
nts
in 1
996-
97 to
30
inci
dent
sla
st y
ear.
Six
new
pre
scho
ols
with
ast
ruct
ured
cur
ricu
lum
invo
lv-
ing
pare
nt a
nd c
hild
will
be
impl
emen
ted
and
serv
e as
am
eans
to n
etw
ork
addi
tiona
lse
rvic
es to
thes
e fa
mili
es.
Eac
h sc
hool
's C
omm
unity
-B
ased
Man
agem
ent C
ounc
ilw
ill in
crea
se th
e nu
mbe
r of
child
ren
in p
reve
ntiv
e/w
ell-
ness
act
iviti
es, i
nclu
ding
aca
-de
mic
sup
port
ser
vice
s, a
fter
-sc
hool
pro
gram
min
g, a
ndre
ferr
als
to e
arly
inte
rven
tion
activ
ities
. Sta
ff d
evel
opm
ent
will
foc
us o
n ea
rly
iden
tific
a-tio
n an
d w
ays
to m
otiv
ate
all
child
ren
to r
each
hig
h st
an-
dard
s th
roug
h m
eani
ngfu
l,di
ffer
entia
ted
inst
ruct
ion.
Adi
stri
ct a
ctio
n te
am w
illen
sure
sch
ool s
afet
y th
roug
htr
aini
ng, d
evel
opin
g cr
isis
plan
s, u
tiliz
ing
scho
olre
sour
ce o
ffic
ers,
and
usi
ngre
tired
pol
ice
offi
cers
in d
ual
role
s as
men
tors
and
sec
urity
offi
cers
.
Cic
ero,
Illin
ois
Par
tner
s:
J.S
. Mor
ton
Hig
h S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Film
Cen
ter
for
Hum
an S
ervi
ces
Ber
wyn
& C
icer
o P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
ts
Thi
s su
burb
an d
istr
ict s
erve
s6,
000
stud
ents
. At l
east
38
perc
ent o
f th
e st
uden
ts in
the
dist
rict
qua
lify
for
free
- or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nche
s. T
hetr
uanc
y ra
te a
nd d
ropo
ut r
ate
for
the
area
are
hig
her
than
the
stat
e av
erag
e. T
he te
enag
epr
egna
ncy
rate
is in
crea
sing
:O
ne to
two
new
pre
gnan
cies
are
repo
rted
eac
h w
eek.
Ove
rth
e pa
st 1
0 ye
ars,
ther
e ha
sbe
en a
70
perc
ent i
ncre
ase
inth
e nu
mbe
r of
per
sons
livi
ngbe
low
the
pove
rty
leve
l.
The
dis
tric
t's in
tegr
ated
, com
-pr
ehen
sive
com
mun
ity-w
ide
stra
tegy
is a
imed
at f
oste
ring
heal
thy
child
dev
elop
men
t,pr
even
ting
the
initi
atio
n of
viol
ence
and
abu
se o
f al
coho
lan
d ot
her
drug
s, a
nd e
nhan
c-in
g m
enta
l hea
lth a
nd s
ocia
lse
rvic
es f
or a
t-ri
sk y
outh
and
fam
ilies
. A c
omm
unity
hea
lthed
ucat
or w
ill f
acili
tate
a v
ari-
ety
of p
rogr
ams
spec
ific
ally
for
teen
mot
hers
. Tee
n m
oth-
ers
will
als
o re
ceiv
e ho
me
vis-
its, a
ssis
tanc
e w
ith d
ay c
are,
heal
th c
are
serv
ices
, and
pres
choo
l ser
vice
s. A
new
viol
ence
pre
vent
ion
curr
icu-
lum
will
be
impl
emen
ted
at20
ele
men
tary
sch
ools
. To
fost
er a
ttach
men
t to
adul
tro
le m
odel
s, c
omm
unity
men
-to
rs w
ill w
ork
to e
stab
lish
recr
eatio
nal a
nd/o
r le
arni
ngex
peri
ence
s th
roug
h af
ter-
scho
ol p
rogr
ams.
A n
etw
ork
of c
ase
man
ager
s sp
ecia
lizin
g
in w
orki
ng w
ith h
igh-
risk
fam
ilies
will
pro
vide
wra
p-ar
ound
ser
vice
s. A
bilin
gual
/bic
ultu
ral p
sych
olo-
gist
will
fac
ilita
te s
tude
ntas
sist
ance
pro
gram
min
g.O
utre
ach
wor
kers
will
mak
eho
me
visi
ts to
trua
nt s
tude
nts
to in
crea
se a
ttend
ance
and
grad
uate
rat
es. E
ach
scho
olw
ill u
nder
go a
saf
e sc
hool
audi
t; sc
hool
res
ourc
e of
fice
rsw
ill b
e ad
ded
and
appr
opri
-at
e se
curi
ty m
easu
res
will
be
inst
itute
d.
Aub
urn,
New
Yor
k
Part
ners
:
Aub
urn
Enl
arge
d C
ity S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Cay
uga
Cou
nty
Hea
lth &
Hum
an
Ser
vice
s D
epar
tmen
t
Aub
urn
and
Por
t Byr
on P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
The
Cay
uga
Cou
nty
Scho
olD
istr
ict i
nclu
des
Aub
urn
and
Port
Byr
on, w
hich
hav
e be
enpl
ague
d by
chr
onic
sch
ool-
rela
ted
bom
b th
reat
s. H
igh
perc
enta
ges
of s
tude
nts
drin
k,sm
oke,
use
wea
pons
, or
have
had
wea
pons
use
d on
them
.W
ides
prea
d sc
hool
-rel
ated
viol
ence
is le
adin
g to
exc
ep-
tiona
lly h
igh
susp
ensi
onra
tes.
The
teen
pre
gnan
cyra
te in
Cay
uga
Cou
nty
is 1
0pe
rcen
t hig
her
than
that
of
the
stat
e.
The
Cay
uga
Part
ners
hip
Proj
ect w
ill p
rovi
de p
rena
tal
and
post
part
um h
ome
visi
tsby
nur
ses
and
clin
ical
soc
ial
wor
kers
to 7
5 hi
gh-r
isk
fam
i-lie
s an
nual
ly, a
s w
ell a
sen
hanc
ed d
ay c
are
for
the
child
ren.
For
sch
ool-
aged
child
ren,
the
part
ners
hip
will
prov
ide
trai
ning
on
the
rela
-tio
nshi
p be
twee
n m
enta
lhe
alth
, sub
stan
ce a
buse
, vio
-le
nce
in f
amili
es, a
nd v
iole
nce
by c
hild
ren.
To
prom
ote
heal
thy
lifes
tyle
s, im
prov
eed
ucat
iona
l per
form
ance
, and
prov
ide
alte
rnat
ives
to r
isk-
taki
ng b
ehav
ior,
the
proj
ect
will
exp
and
afte
r-sc
hool
and
wee
kend
pro
gram
min
g. A
zero
-tol
eran
ce d
rug
curr
icu-
lum
will
be
esta
blis
hed
at s
ixm
iddl
e sc
hool
s. A
dev
elop
-m
enta
l pro
gram
for
teac
hers
in a
ll gr
ades
, des
igne
d to
pro
-m
ote
equa
l sup
port
and
trea
t-m
ent o
f bo
th lo
w-
and
high
-ac
hiev
ing
stud
ents
, and
apr
ogra
m to
hel
p pa
rent
sbe
com
e m
ore
invo
lved
inth
eir
child
ren'
s ed
ucat
ion
will
help
sup
port
edu
catio
nal
refo
rm. S
choo
l Res
ourc
eO
ffic
ers
will
ass
ist i
n im
ple-
men
ting
scho
ol a
nd a
fter
-sc
hool
pro
gram
s to
red
uce
trua
ncy
and
incr
ease
gra
dua-
tion,
enh
ance
non
-vio
lent
conf
lict r
esol
utio
n sk
ills,
and
low
er a
lcoh
ol a
nd s
ubst
ance
abus
e ra
tes.
Wes
tbur
y, N
ew Y
ork
Part
ners
:
Boa
rd o
f Coo
pera
tive
Edu
catio
nal
Ser
vice
s of
Nas
sau
Cou
nty
Sou
th S
hore
Chi
ld G
uida
nce
Cen
ter
and
Nor
th S
hore
Chi
ld a
nd F
amily
Gui
danc
e C
ente
r
Fre
epor
t and
Wes
tbur
y P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
ts
The
Fre
epor
t and
Wes
tbur
ysc
hool
dis
tric
ts s
erve
ove
r10
,000
stu
dent
s. F
orty
-fou
rpe
rcen
t of
all F
reep
ort
stud
ents
rec
eive
fre
e- o
rre
duce
d-pr
ice
lunc
hes.
Seve
nty-
two
perc
ent o
f al
lW
estb
ury
stud
ents
are
elig
ible
to r
ecei
ve f
ree-
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nche
s. I
n Fr
eepo
rt,
49.9
per
cent
of
stud
ents
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"Sch
ools
mus
t hav
e tw
o ne
cess
ary
elem
ents
:aw
are
pare
nts
and
awar
e fa
culty
. I th
ink
pare
nts
need
to b
e ed
ucat
edon
how
to te
ll if
thei
r ch
ild is
trou
bled
, and
wha
t the
yca
n do
abo
ut it
. Tea
cher
s an
d sc
hool
cou
nsel
ors
need
to w
ork
toge
ther
to e
valu
ate
thei
r st
uden
ts."
Hol
li E
ddin
s, c
olle
ge s
tude
nt, N
ew O
rlea
ns, L
ouis
iana
lived
at o
r be
low
the
pove
rty
line
in 1
995.
The
pro
ject
will
est
ablis
han
d m
aint
ain
com
preh
ensi
vesc
hool
pro
gram
s an
d
s7
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Snho
ol S
afar
is
inte
grat
ed c
omm
unity
par
t-ne
rshi
ps a
mon
g sc
hool
, com
-m
unity
, and
mul
tidis
cipl
inar
yag
enci
es a
nd o
rgan
izat
ions
inor
der
to b
uild
saf
e an
d dr
ug-
free
sch
ools
. An
earl
y ch
ild-
hood
pro
gram
will
pro
mot
eps
ycho
soci
al a
nd e
mot
iona
lde
velo
pmen
t thr
ough
hom
evi
sits
to lo
w-i
ncom
e fa
mili
esw
ith y
oung
chi
ldre
n. A
lcoh
olan
d dr
ug u
se p
reve
ntio
n an
dea
rly
inte
rven
tion
prog
ram
sw
ill in
volv
e fa
mili
es a
ndco
mm
uniti
es, h
elp
chan
geth
eir
attit
udes
reg
ardi
ng s
ub-
stan
ce a
buse
and
vio
lenc
e,an
d pr
ovid
e st
uden
ts w
ithal
tern
ativ
es. M
enta
l hea
lthca
re a
genc
ies
in e
ach
com
mu-
nity
will
pro
vide
wor
ksho
pson
iden
tifyi
ng e
arly
sig
ns o
fdr
ug a
nd a
lcoh
ol u
se, a
ndvi
olen
t and
sui
cida
l beh
av-
iors
, as
wel
l as
refe
rral
s an
dfo
llow
-up.
Law
enf
orce
men
tof
fice
rs w
ill p
artic
ipat
e in
afte
r-sc
hool
and
sum
mer
pro
-gr
ams
to p
rovi
de o
ppor
tuni
-tie
s fo
r po
sitiv
e in
tera
ctio
nw
ith s
tude
nts.
Yon
kers
, New
Yor
k
Par
tner
s:
Yon
kers
City
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Cou
nty
and
City
Men
tal H
ealth
Dep
artm
ent
Yon
kers
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
sch
ool d
istr
ict s
erve
sov
er 2
5,00
0 yo
uth.
App
rox-
imat
ely
71.2
per
cent
of s
tu-
6826
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
dent
s re
ceiv
e fr
ee-
orre
duce
d-pr
ice
lunc
hes.
Yon
kers
' cri
me
and
drug
sta
-tis
tics
are
six
times
the
rate
of
its w
ealth
y Y
onke
rs-
Wes
tche
ster
nei
ghbo
rs; a
bout
80 p
erce
nt o
f th
e cr
ime
isdr
ug-r
elat
ed.
A c
ompr
ehen
sive
net
wor
k,m
aint
aine
d by
a m
ulti-
disc
iplin
ary
advi
sory
cou
ncil,
will
pro
vide
a c
ontin
uum
of
inte
grat
ed s
ervi
ces
to m
eet
the
deve
lopm
enta
l nee
ds o
fch
ildre
n th
roug
h yo
ung
adul
thoo
d. E
arly
chi
ldho
oded
ucat
iona
l eff
orts
incl
ude
prov
idin
g ho
me
visi
ts, f
amily
supp
ort,
and
earl
y lit
erac
yse
rvic
es to
you
ng c
hild
ren
and
thei
r fa
mili
es, a
ll da
ypr
e-ki
nder
gart
en f
or a
ll st
u-de
nts,
and
sta
ff tr
aini
ng.
Eff
orts
als
o in
clud
e pr
omot
-in
g pa
rent
invo
lvem
ent a
nded
ucat
ion
and
wor
king
with
teen
par
ents
. Alc
ohol
/dru
gan
d vi
olen
ce p
reve
ntio
nin
clud
es s
ocia
l ski
lls p
ro-
gram
min
g in
ele
men
tary
scho
ols,
con
flic
tre
solu
tion/
peer
med
iatio
nfo
r al
l stu
dent
s, a
nd s
tude
ntas
sist
ance
cou
nsel
ing.
In
men
tal h
ealth
, sch
ools
will
use
stud
ent s
uppo
rt te
ams
com
pose
d of
pro
fess
iona
lsan
d a
netw
ork
of c
oord
inat
-ed
cas
e co
nfer
enci
ng. S
afe
scho
ol p
olic
ies
will
incl
ude
law
enf
orce
men
t par
tner
ship
sto
bri
ng lo
cal p
olic
e of
fice
rsin
to s
choo
ls. E
stab
lishi
ng o
rst
reng
then
ing
alte
rnat
ive
ortr
ansi
tiona
l pro
gram
s fo
rm
iddl
e sc
hool
stu
dent
s, o
r fo
rth
ose
retu
rnin
g fr
om in
car-
cera
tion,
is a
lso
incl
uded
.
The
Ini
tiativ
e w
ill p
rovi
dein
crea
sed
secu
rity
and
will
add
and
expa
nd r
esou
rces
and
serv
ices
with
long
-ter
mef
fect
s to
ens
ure
that
chi
ldre
ngr
ow u
p in
a s
afe,
hea
lthy
atm
osph
ere.
Ear
ly c
hild
hood
deve
lopm
ent w
ill b
e
7
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"You
see
whe
n w
e al
l tak
e an
act
ive
inte
rest
inea
ch o
ther
as
frie
nds,
par
ents
, tea
cher
s, a
ndad
min
istr
ator
s, n
ot o
nly
do w
e ga
in a
bet
ter
appr
ecia
tion
for
rela
tions
hips
, but
we
have
an
even
gre
ater
valu
e fo
r lif
e."
Mik
e C
hodr
off,
Eas
t Bru
nsw
ick,
New
Jer
sey
And
erso
n, S
outh
Car
olin
a
Par
tner
s:
And
erso
n S
choo
l Dis
tric
t Fiv
e
And
erso
n-O
cone
e-P
icke
ns M
enta
l Hea
lth
And
erso
n C
ount
y S
herif
f's D
epar
tmen
t
And
erso
n Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t Fiv
ese
rves
11,
101
stud
ents
, rep
re-
sent
ing
mor
e th
an 4
0 pe
rcen
tof
the
coun
ty's
sch
ool-
age
popu
latio
n. I
n 19
96, m
ore
than
a th
ird
of th
e ba
bies
born
in th
e co
unty
wer
e bo
rnto
sin
gle
mot
hers
. In
1990
,m
ore
than
21
perc
ent o
f al
lch
ildre
n in
the
coun
ty li
ved
in s
ingl
e-pa
rent
fam
ilies
, up
from
10
perc
ent i
n 19
70.
addr
esse
d by
wor
king
tore
fine
and
impl
emen
t an
earl
ych
ildho
od in
itiat
ive
targ
etin
gch
ildre
n fr
om b
irth
to a
ge 6
.A
Fam
ily R
esou
rce
Cen
ter
will
pro
vide
ass
essm
ents
,re
ferr
als,
and
fol
low
-up
for
stud
ents
and
par
ents
exp
eri-
enci
ng d
rug-
rela
ted
prob
lem
s,em
otio
nal s
tres
s, b
ehav
ior
conc
erns
, or
adju
stm
ent
prob
lem
s. T
he s
choo
l-ba
sed
Stud
ent A
ssis
tanc
e Pr
ogra
mw
ill b
e ex
pand
ed th
roug
h th
ese
rvic
es o
f tw
o be
havi
oral
heal
th c
ouns
elor
s. A
lsO
, nin
efu
ll-tim
e sc
hool
-bas
ed m
enta
lhe
alth
ther
apis
ts w
ill b
e hi
red
to s
erve
all
15 s
choo
ls. S
afe
139
scho
ol p
olic
ies
will
be
stre
ngth
ened
by
expa
ndin
gth
e el
emen
tary
alte
rnat
ive
beha
vior
con
trol
cla
sses
fro
mon
e si
te to
nin
e si
tes.
A s
afe
scho
ol e
nvir
onm
ent w
ill b
eac
com
plis
hed
by tr
aini
ngfo
ur c
omm
unity
pol
ice
offi
-ce
rs a
nd a
ddin
g se
curi
ty c
am-
eras
, ele
ctro
nic
entr
y sy
stem
s,tw
o w
alk-
thro
ugh
met
alde
tect
ors,
and
a s
ecur
ity a
ss-
ista
nt a
t eac
h m
iddl
e sc
hool
.
Geo
rget
own,
Tex
as
Par
tner
s:
Geo
rget
own
Inde
pend
ent S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Blu
ebon
net T
rails
Com
mun
ity M
enta
l
Hea
lth a
nd M
enta
l Ret
arda
tion
Cen
ter
Geo
rget
own
Pol
ice
Ser
vice
Div
isio
n
The
Geo
rget
own
Inde
pend
ent
Scho
ol D
istr
ict (
GIS
D)
serv
es7,
300
stud
ents
(in
clud
ing
2,00
0 pr
esch
ool s
tude
nts)
and
is lo
cate
d in
one
of
the
natio
n's
five
fas
test
-gro
win
gco
untie
s. T
his
gene
rally
aff
lu-
ent s
ubur
b is
als
o ho
me
topo
cket
s of
soc
ioec
onom
ical
lydi
sadv
anta
ged
citiz
ens;
one
in f
ive
child
ren
live
inpo
vert
y an
d 25
per
cent
of
stud
ents
are
elig
ible
for
fre
e-or
red
uced
-pri
ce lu
nche
s.
The
cor
ners
tone
of
the
GIS
DSa
fe S
choo
ls/H
ealth
ySt
uden
ts P
rogr
am w
ill b
e a
Fam
ily R
esou
rce
Cen
ter,
ser
v-in
g 10
0 ch
ildre
n an
d fa
mili
es,
and
crea
tion
of a
net
wor
k of
prim
ary,
sec
onda
ry, a
nd te
r-tia
ry p
reve
ntio
n sy
stem
sth
roug
h pa
rent
ing,
con
flic
tre
solu
tion,
men
tors
, and
pre
-ve
ntio
n cu
rric
ula.
The
GIS
Din
itiat
ive
will
impl
emen
t par
-en
t tra
inin
g an
d ho
me
visi
tpr
ogra
ms.
A c
ompr
ehen
sive
appr
oach
toal
coho
l, ot
her
drug
s, a
nd v
iole
nce
prev
en-
tion
and
inte
rven
tion
pro-
gram
min
g w
ill in
clud
e a
.
rese
arch
-bas
ed c
urri
culu
m,
the
hiri
ng o
f a
stud
ent s
er-
vice
s co
ordi
nato
r to
impl
e-m
ent p
rogr
amm
ing,
pee
rm
edia
tion
and
peer
cou
nsel
-in
g pr
ojec
ts, s
tude
nt le
ader
-sh
ip o
ppor
tuni
ties,
the
hiri
ngof
a f
ull-
time
coun
selo
r w
itha
spec
ialit
y in
sub
stan
ceab
use,
and
a c
omm
unity
men
tori
ng p
rogr
am. S
choo
lre
sour
ces
offi
cers
will
be
hire
d to
enh
ance
sch
ool s
afe-
ty in
itiat
ives
that
incl
ude
sur-
veill
ance
, lig
htin
g, f
enci
ng,
and
cris
is m
anag
emen
t.
Far
min
gton
, Uta
h
Part
ners
:
Dav
is C
ount
y S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Dav
is C
ount
y M
enta
l Hea
lth a
nd
Sub
stan
ce A
buse
Layt
on C
ity P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
The
Dav
is C
ount
y Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t ser
ves
58,9
03 s
tu-
dent
s, a
nd is
gro
win
g at
ara
te o
f 2
perc
ent p
er y
ear.
Sixt
y-ei
ght l
angu
ages
are
spo
-ke
n w
ithin
the
dist
rict
. A19
98-9
9 as
sess
men
t ide
ntif
ied
over
crow
ded
scho
ols,
lack
of
affo
rdab
le h
ousi
ng, t
een
preg
nanc
y, d
rugs
, alc
ohol
,cr
ime,
and
fam
ily v
iole
nce
asth
e hi
ghes
t are
as o
f ri
sk. T
heco
unty
's y
outh
sui
cide
rat
e is
four
tim
es h
ighe
r th
an th
ena
tiona
l ave
rage
. The
cou
nty
also
has
the
high
est n
umbe
rof
juve
nile
sex
off
ende
rs in
the
stat
e.
Proj
ect B
RIC
K is
des
igne
d to
prom
ote
safe
, dru
g-fr
ee, a
ndor
derl
y le
arni
ng e
nvir
on-
men
ts b
y in
crea
sing
stu
dent
s'ab
ilitie
s to
mak
e po
sitiv
ede
cisi
ons
and
to a
void
hig
h-ri
sk b
ehav
ior.
Pre
vent
ion
edu-
catio
n in
gra
des
K-1
2 w
illin
clud
e al
coho
l and
oth
erdr
ug is
sues
, ant
i-vi
olen
cepr
ogra
mm
ing,
and
res
pect
-bu
ildin
g. E
ach
elem
enta
rysc
hool
will
hav
e a
Cas
eM
anag
emen
t Tea
m th
at w
illin
terv
ene
and
assi
st s
tude
nts.
The
juni
or h
igh
com
pone
ntin
clud
es a
Stu
dent
Ass
ista
nce
Prog
ram
for
stu
dent
s w
hoha
ve b
een
refe
rred
.Pr
even
tion
prog
ram
min
g, s
er-
vice
lear
ning
, and
car
eers
prog
ram
s al
so o
ffer
stu
dent
sop
port
uniti
es to
set
goa
ls a
ndlo
ok to
war
d th
e fu
ture
.Sc
hool
ref
orm
will
exp
and
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s fo
r al
l
stud
ents
, not
onl
y at
-ris
kpo
pula
tions
. A F
amily
Edu
catio
nal C
ouns
elin
gC
ente
r w
ill b
e es
tabl
ishe
dan
d st
affe
d jo
intly
with
men
tal h
ealth
and
dis
tric
tpe
rson
nel.
Nor
folk
/Por
tsm
outh
,V
irgin
ia
Part
ners
:
Nor
folk
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Nor
folk
& P
orts
mou
th D
epar
tmen
t of
Pub
lic H
ealth
Nor
folk
& P
orts
mou
th P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
ts
The
Nor
folk
/Por
tsm
outh
Proj
ect w
ill s
erve
36,
000
stud
ents
in th
e N
orfo
lksc
hool
dis
tric
t and
17,
500
stud
ents
in P
orts
mou
th. I
nN
orfo
lk, 1
5 pe
rcen
t of
the
fam
ilies
are
at o
r be
low
the
pove
rty
leve
l, w
ith 6
3 pe
rcen
tof
stu
dent
s re
ceiv
ing
free
- or
redu
ced-
pric
e m
eals
. In
Port
smou
th, 1
9 pe
rcen
t of
fam
ilies
are
at o
r be
low
the
pove
rty
leve
l, w
ith 5
6 pe
rcen
tof
stu
dent
s re
ceiv
ing
free
- or
redu
ced-
pric
e m
eals
. You
th in
the
two
citie
s co
mm
it 26
perc
ent o
f al
l hom
icid
es c
om-
mitt
ed b
y yo
uth
stat
ewid
e.
The
pro
ject
is a
com
mun
ity-
wid
e ap
proa
ch to
cre
atin
g a
safe
sch
ool e
nvir
onm
ent,
free
of a
lcoh
ol, d
rugs
, and
vio
-le
nce.
Hom
e vi
sits
by
nurs
es,
clin
ical
ther
apis
ts a
nd o
ut-
reac
h w
orke
rs w
ill a
sses
s th
ede
ntal
, nut
ritio
nal,
hous
ing,
educ
atio
nal,
empl
oym
ent,
coun
selin
g an
d m
enta
l hea
lthse
rvic
es a
vaila
ble
to f
amili
esw
ith y
oung
chi
ldre
n at
ris
kfo
r ne
glec
t. E
xist
ing
fam
ily-
focu
sed
prog
ram
s fo
r fi
rst-
time
pare
nts
at r
isk
for
abus
eor
neg
lect
or
with
med
ical
lyhi
gh-r
isk
preg
nanc
ies
will
be
expa
nded
. An
asse
ssm
ent o
fbu
llyin
g in
all
scho
ols
will
be
used
to d
esig
n in
divi
dual
inte
rven
tions
for
chi
ldre
nid
entif
ied
as b
ullie
s or
_as
vic-
tims
of b
ully
ing.
Alte
rnat
ive
scho
ol p
rogr
ams
will
be
avai
labl
e in
all
the
mid
dle
scho
ols
for
stud
ents
who
are
FE
AC
T11
0A
Rea
ctio
n to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"Eve
n th
ough
we
have
larg
e sc
hool
s,w
e ne
ed to
som
ehow
brea
k th
ose
larg
e sc
hool
s in
to s
mal
ler
units
so th
at w
e ca
nha
ve s
ome
cari
ng a
dult
that
will
inte
ract
with
ever
y si
ngle
child
on
a da
ily b
asis
."
Edd
ie D
avis
, NE
A E
xecu
tive
Boa
rd a
nd H
igh
Scho
ol T
each
er
on e
xpul
sion
or
long
-ter
msu
spen
sion
for
dru
gs, v
io-
lenc
e, o
r w
eapo
ns in
frac
tions
.Pa
rent
atte
ndan
ce te
chni
cian
sw
ill v
isit
the
hom
es o
f st
u-de
nts
who
are
hab
itual
ly tr
u-an
t in
orde
r to
wor
k w
ithth
eir
fam
ilies
.
71
RU
RA
L S
ITE
S
Del
ta J
unct
ion,
Ala
ska
Part
ners
:
Del
ta/G
reel
y Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t
Fam
ily C
ente
red
Serv
ices
of
Ala
ska,
Inc
.
Stat
e of
Ala
ska
Dep
artm
ent o
f H
ealth
and
Soci
al S
ervi
ces,
You
th C
orre
ctio
ns
The
Del
ta/G
reel
y Sc
hool
Dis
tric
t ser
ves
1,60
0 st
u-de
nts.
In
1990
, 12
perc
ent
of th
e ar
ea p
opul
atio
n ha
din
com
es b
elow
the
pove
rty
leve
l. C
urre
ntly
, 48
perc
ent
of s
tude
nts
qual
ify
for
free
-or
red
uced
-pri
ce lu
nche
s.
A c
ompr
ehen
sive
arr
ay o
fse
rvic
es, c
oord
inat
edth
roug
hout
the
scho
ol d
is-
tric
t, w
ill b
e im
plem
ente
d fo
rhi
gh-r
isk
stud
ents
(K
-12)
and
thei
r fa
mili
es to
impr
ove
scho
ol s
afet
y, r
educ
e or
elim
i-na
te c
hild
hood
ris
k fa
ctor
sbe
fore
they
dev
elop
into
mor
e se
riou
s pr
oble
ms,
and
bette
r pr
epar
e st
uden
ts to
lear
n. T
he h
ome-
base
d ch
ild-
hood
dev
elop
men
t com
po-
nent
will
ser
ve 1
00 h
igh-
risk
fam
ilies
and
chi
ldre
n. T
heal
coho
l and
dru
g us
e co
mpo
-ne
nt p
rovi
des
prev
entio
nse
rvic
es to
ele
men
tary
scho
ols.
Spe
cial
ly tr
aine
dai
des
will
foc
us o
n st
uden
tsat
hig
h ri
sk f
or d
evel
opin
gm
enta
l hea
lth d
isab
ilitie
s or
thos
e al
read
y id
entif
ied
assu
ch. T
he s
umm
er p
rogr
am 7228
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
com
pone
nt w
ill in
clud
e fo
urac
adem
ic/c
ompu
ter
tech
nolo
-gy
cla
sses
and
two
care
erco
unse
ling
sess
ions
. To
ensu
re s
afe
scho
ol d
istr
ict
faci
litie
s, a
com
mun
ity p
ro-
batio
n of
fice
r w
ill s
erve
all
yout
h on
cou
rt-o
rder
ed p
ro-
batio
n.
Sho
w L
ow, A
rizon
a
Part
ners
:
Nor
ther
n A
rizo
na A
cade
my
Com
mun
ity C
ouns
elin
g C
ente
rs, I
nc.
Nav
ajo
Cou
nty
Hea
lth D
epar
tmen
t
Supe
rior
Cou
rt o
f N
avaj
o C
ount
y
A r
ecen
t sur
vey
indi
cate
s th
atap
prox
imat
ely
59 p
erce
nt o
fth
e In
dian
you
th in
Nor
ther
nA
rizo
na A
cade
my
live
belo
wth
e po
vert
y le
vel;
43 p
erce
ntco
me
from
sin
gle-
pare
ntho
mes
and
60
perc
ent
dem
onst
rate
low
aca
dem
icac
hiev
emen
t. A
t the
larg
est
cam
pus
(Win
slow
), 4
8 pe
r-,
cent
of
the
stud
ents
hav
ebe
en in
carc
erat
ed o
ne o
rm
ore
times
, and
61
perc
ent
are
curr
ently
on
prob
atio
n.Si
xtee
n pe
rcen
t of
the
stu-
dent
s ar
e pa
rent
s (3
7 pe
rcen
tof
thes
e ar
e yo
ung
mot
hers
),an
d, a
t the
tim
e of
the
surv
ey,
25 p
erce
nt o
f th
e fe
mal
e st
u-de
nts
wer
e pr
egna
nt.
The
Saf
e Sc
hool
s/H
ealth
ySt
uden
ts I
nitia
tive
seek
s to
redu
ce r
isk
fact
ors
and
pro-
mot
e a
safe
and
dru
g-fr
ee
IMIII
ILIM
Ia.IN
Iai=
1111
1141
1111
1111
11U
Rea
ctio
ns to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"Hav
ing
man
y cl
asse
s, o
rgan
izat
ions
, act
iviti
es, a
ndsc
hool
-sup
port
ed f
unct
ions
allo
ws
stud
ents
an
oppo
rtun
ity to
exp
ress
thei
r th
ough
ts a
nd o
pini
ons
on a
ny is
sue
that
may
cau
se th
em c
once
rn.
The
se f
unct
ions
allo
w in
tera
ctio
n am
ong
stud
ents
,pa
rent
s, te
ache
rs, a
nd th
e pu
blic
. Whe
n sc
hool
syst
ems
supp
ly s
tude
nts
with
sch
ool-
spon
sore
d fu
nctio
ns,
the
syst
em.c
omm
unic
ates
that
it is
pru
dent
for
stud
ents
to c
onfi
de in
, and
for
m, a
hea
lthy
rela
tions
hip
with
thei
r fa
culty
and
sta
ff."
Stud
ents
of
Che
roke
e H
igh
Scho
ol, R
oger
svill
e, T
enne
ssee
envi
ronm
ent.
The
Nav
ajo
Cou
nty
Hea
lth D
epar
tmen
tw
ill c
oord
inat
e m
ultip
lein
terv
entio
nsim
plem
entin
gpr
enat
al p
hysi
cal h
ealth
hom
e vi
sita
tions
, im
mun
iza-
tions
, par
ent t
rain
ing,
soc
ial
serv
ice
linka
ges
thro
ugh
refe
rral
s, a
nd a
dvoc
acy
sys-
tem
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
nd th
eir
pare
nts.
A r
egis
tere
d nu
rse
will
pro
vide
hom
e vi
sits
for
mot
hers
and
infa
nts.
To
addr
ess
alco
hol a
nd o
ther
drug
and
vio
lenc
e pr
even
-tio
n/in
terv
entio
n, s
ever
alop
port
uniti
es w
ill b
e av
ail-
able
: Alc
ohol
ics
Ano
nym
ous
and
Nar
cotic
s A
nony
mou
ssu
ppor
t gro
ups,
Big
Bro
ther
s/B
ig S
iste
rs, y
outh
lead
ersh
ip a
nd m
ento
ring
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
prog
ram
s, a
nd c
ultu
ral
awar
enes
s an
d se
nsiti
vity
trai
ning
. Com
mun
ityC
ouns
elin
g C
ente
rs w
ill p
ro-
vide
on-
site
cou
nsel
ing
and
trai
ning
in a
sses
smen
t, ca
se-
wor
k, a
nd s
ervi
ce d
eliv
ery.
Bax
ley,
Geo
rgia
Part
ners
:
App
ling
Cou
nty
Boa
rd o
f E
duca
tion
Pine
land
Men
tal H
ealth
Bax
ley
Polic
e D
epar
tmen
t
In A
pplin
g C
ount
y, o
ver
30pe
rcen
t of
fam
ilies
live
bel
owth
e po
vert
y lin
e, a
nd a
lmos
t60
per
cent
of
stud
ents
rec
eive
free
- or
red
uced
-pri
ce lu
nche
s.T
he c
ount
y ha
s no
alte
rna-
tives
, oth
er th
an s
uspe
nsio
n or
expu
lsio
n, f
or in
terv
enin
g w
ithm
iddl
e an
d hi
gh s
choo
l you
th
'73
who
dem
onst
rate
sub
stan
tial
and
repe
ated
ris
k be
havi
ors.
Las
t yea
r th
ere
wer
e 2,
328
in-
scho
ol s
uspe
nsio
ns a
nd 3
3ex
puls
ions
. A r
ecen
t com
mu-
nity
sur
vey
reve
aled
that
res
i-de
nts
perc
eive
teen
pre
gnan
cy(5
4 pe
rcen
t), i
llega
l dru
gs (
53pe
rcen
t) a
nd a
lcoh
ol (
37 p
er-
cent
) as
the
thre
e m
ost p
ress
-in
g un
addr
esse
d is
sues
for
the
com
mun
ity.
The
pro
ject
has
thre
e ov
eral
lgo
als:
(1)
cre
ate
a sa
fer
scho
ol e
nvir
onm
ent f
orst
uden
ts; (
2) c
reat
e he
alth
ier
stud
ents
and
fam
ilies
; and
(3)
incr
ease
and
enh
ance
sch
ool-
com
mun
ity c
oope
ratio
n. T
oac
com
plis
h th
ese
goal
s, th
epr
ojec
t will
acq
uire
two
Scho
ol R
esou
rce
Off
icer
s,im
prov
e sc
hool
sec
urity
mea
-su
res,
enh
ance
sub
stan
ceab
use
and
viol
ence
cur
ricu
-lu
ms,
dev
elop
a p
ower
ful
earl
y in
terv
entio
n in
itiat
ive,
and
crea
te a
n al
tern
ativ
e ed
u-ca
tion
cent
er w
ith a
foc
us o
nem
ploy
abili
ty. T
he p
roje
ctw
ill h
ire
four
sch
ool-
base
dm
enta
l hea
lth c
ouns
elor
s,in
stitu
te a
n ex
pand
ed p
re-
kind
erga
rten
and
ear
ly c
hild
-ho
od o
utre
ach
effo
rt, d
evel
opan
aft
er-s
choo
l pro
gram
, pro
-vi
de r
elev
ant f
acul
ty a
ndsc
hool
sta
ff tr
aini
ng, a
ndco
nduc
t rig
orou
s re
fine
men
tof
sch
ool p
olic
y.
Hay
s, K
ansa
s
Par
tner
s:
Hay
s U
nifie
d S
choo
ls D
istr
ict #
489
Hig
h P
lain
s M
enta
l Hea
lth
Elli
s C
ount
y Lo
w E
nfor
cem
ent
The
num
ber
of e
cono
mic
ally
disa
dvan
tage
d st
uden
ts in
the
Hay
s sc
hool
dis
tric
t has
incr
ease
d 27
per
cent
sin
ce19
89. R
isk
fact
ors
in th
e co
m-
mun
ity in
clud
e bi
rths
to s
in-
gle
teen
s (a
n 81
per
cent
incr
ease
sin
ce 1
990)
and
a 5
1pe
rcen
t inc
reas
e in
out
-of-
hom
e pl
acem
ents
of
child
ren
age
18 a
nd u
nder
sin
ce 1
996.
Juve
nile
cou
rt f
iling
s ha
vein
crea
sed
by 4
1 pe
rcen
t,in
clud
ing
arre
sts
for
batte
ryan
d fo
r th
eft.
Of
the
DU
Iar
rest
s, 2
9 pe
rcen
t wer
em
inor
s. T
he g
radu
atio
n ra
tein
the
scho
ol d
istr
ict h
as f
all-
en f
rom
97
perc
ent i
n 19
97to
87
perc
ent i
n 19
98.
To
incr
ease
the
qual
ity a
ndde
gree
of
pare
nt in
volv
emen
tin
sch
ools
, RU
RA
L w
illen
gage
par
ents
and
chi
ldre
nin
fun
, han
ds-o
n, a
fter
-sch
ool
scie
nce
and
mat
h ac
tiviti
es.
Hal
f-pr
ice
scho
lars
hips
will
be p
rovi
ded
to e
cono
mic
ally
disa
dvan
tage
d st
uden
ts in
the
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
toin
crea
se p
aren
t buy
-in
and
redu
ce a
bsen
teei
sm. R
UR
AL
will
pro
vide
com
mun
ity o
ut-
reac
h ac
tiviti
es th
at w
ill
incr
ease
com
mun
ity a
war
e-ne
ss r
egar
ding
the
prev
entio
nof
sub
stan
ce a
buse
and
vio
-le
nce.
RU
RA
L w
ill a
lso
mob
ilize
the
com
mun
ity to
chan
ge th
e cu
rren
t acc
ep-
tanc
e of
alc
ohol
use
, and
topr
omot
e he
alth
y be
havi
ors.
RU
RA
L w
ill p
rovi
de a
fter
-sc
hool
and
sum
mer
sch
ool
prog
ram
s, a
res
ourc
e lib
rary
,m
enta
l hea
lth c
onsu
ltatio
n,se
rvic
e co
ordi
natio
n (f
or f
am-
ilies
rec
eivi
ng m
ultip
le s
er-
vice
s), a
lear
ning
cen
ter
(for
stud
ents
at r
isk
or a
lrea
dydr
oppe
d ou
t of
scho
ol),
and
earl
y in
terv
entio
n se
rvic
es.
Mac
hias
, Mai
ne
Par
tner
s:
Was
hing
ton
Cou
nty
Con
sort
ium
for
Sch
ool I
mpr
ovem
ent
Lube
c R
egio
nal M
edic
al C
ente
r
Was
hing
ton
Cou
nty
She
riff's
Offi
ce
Rur
al W
ashi
ngto
n C
ount
y,lo
cate
d in
the
isol
ated
nor
th-
east
ern
coas
tal a
rea
of
EA
C
Mai
ne, i
s A
mer
ica'
s m
ost
east
ern
and
Mai
ne's
poo
rest
coun
ty. P
over
ty a
nd u
nem
-pl
oym
ent l
evel
s ar
e am
ong
the
high
est i
n th
e na
tion.
Rat
es o
f ho
mic
ide,
sui
cide
,do
mes
tic v
iole
nce,
alc
ohol
and
mar
ijuan
a us
e ar
e co
nsis
-te
ntly
am
ong
the
high
est i
nth
e st
ate
of M
aine
. Phy
sica
lan
d m
enta
l hea
lth s
ervi
ces
and
othe
r re
sour
ces
are
extr
emel
y lim
ited.
The
pro
gram
will
foc
us o
nth
e hi
ghes
t-ri
sk p
opul
atio
n in
the
tota
l stu
dent
pop
ulat
ion
of 1
7,25
3. T
he c
ompr
ehen
-si
ve p
rogr
am w
ill in
clud
efa
mily
out
reac
h an
d co
unse
l-in
g se
rvic
es; e
arly
iden
tific
a-tio
n, r
efer
ral,
and
trea
tmen
tfo
r tr
oubl
ed c
hild
ren;
incr
ease
d su
bsta
nce
abus
ean
d m
enta
l hea
lth c
ouns
elin
g;pa
rent
trai
ning
; tea
cher
trai
n-in
g; a
nd e
nhan
ced
acce
ss f
orat
-ris
k st
uden
ts to
fam
ily s
up-
port
ser
vice
s. W
orki
ng
7D
0A
Rea
ctio
n to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"The
re is
n't a
par
ent o
ut th
ere
that
doe
sn't
wan
t the
ver
ybe
st f
or th
eir
own
child
. [B
ut s
omet
imes
] th
ey d
on't
know
how
to d
o it.
And
the
com
mun
ity n
eeds
to h
elp
them
get
to th
at p
oint
of
enga
gem
ent.
And
to d
o th
atw
e ha
ve g
ot to
rely
on
part
of
the
scho
ol p
erso
nnel
."
Gin
ny M
arke
ll, P
resi
dent
of
the
Nat
iona
l PT
A
-74
(
toge
ther
, sch
ool p
reve
ntio
nco
ordi
nato
rs, f
acul
ty, p
aren
ts,
and
stud
ents
will
impl
emen
tpr
ogra
ms,
suc
h as
Sec
ond
Step
, Kid
s on
the
Blo
ck, a
ndL
ife
Skill
s T
rain
ing
with
the
goal
of
prev
entin
g yo
uth
vio-
lenc
e an
d su
bsta
nce
abus
e.In
terv
entio
n an
d co
unse
ling
serv
ices
will
be
avai
labl
e to
stud
ents
fro
m q
ualif
ied
coun
-se
lors
con
trac
ted
from
loca
lm
enta
l hea
lth a
genc
ies.
Fer
tile,
Min
neso
ta
Par
tner
s:
Fer
tile-
Bel
trom
i Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Nor
thw
este
rn M
enta
l Hea
lth C
ente
r
Tri-
Cou
nty
Com
mun
ity C
orre
ctio
ns
The
flo
od o
f 19
97 h
ad a
dev
-as
tatin
g im
pact
on
fam
ilies
resi
ding
in r
ural
nor
thw
este
rnM
inne
sota
. Man
y fa
mili
esal
read
y in
the
mid
st o
f a
farm
ing
cris
is w
ere
left
hom
e-le
ss. F
ive
scho
ols
wer
e co
n-de
mne
d an
d th
ree
suff
ered
maj
or d
amag
e, r
esul
ting
in a
118
perc
ent s
choo
l mob
ility
rate
. The
are
a ha
s th
e th
ird
high
est r
ate
of c
hild
abu
sean
d ne
glec
t in
the
stat
e. T
hear
ea a
lso
has
a 16
.5 p
erce
ntou
t-of
-hom
e pl
acem
ent r
ate,
com
pare
d to
0.7
per
cent
rat
est
atew
ide.
Ove
r on
e-th
ird
ofal
l fam
ilies
live
at o
r be
low
the
pove
rty
line,
and
alm
ost
75
tinnt
ial P
annr
t^i
40 p
erce
nt o
f th
e st
uden
tsqu
alif
y fo
r fr
ee-
or r
educ
ed-
pric
e lu
nche
s.
A h
ome-
base
d pu
blic
hea
lthnu
rsin
g pr
ogra
m w
ill r
each
out t
o at
-ris
k m
othe
rs a
nd
just
ice
prac
tices
. To
ensu
reth
at s
afe
scho
ol p
olic
ies
are
follo
wed
by
all s
tude
nts,
mat
eria
ls w
ill b
e tr
ansl
ated
inSp
anis
h an
d on
goin
g po
licy
revi
ews
will
be
mad
e.
iiim
mtA
mm
abio
nani
mm
imm
ilmem
liA
Rea
ctio
n to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"Sch
ools
sho
uld
prov
ide
stim
ulat
ing
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s at
a m
inim
al c
ost t
o pa
rent
sso
that
kid
s ar
e no
t lef
t alo
ne a
nd n
egle
cted
for
long
per
iods
of
time.
"
Susa
n D
awso
n C
ook,
Tuc
son,
Ari
zona
teen
par
ents
to im
prov
e po
si-
tive
pare
ntin
g sk
ills.
Sch
ool
and
com
mun
ity f
acili
tato
rsw
ill o
vers
ee e
xpan
ded
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s, m
atch
chi
l-dr
en w
ith m
ento
rs, a
nd in
sti-
tute
par
ent/s
choo
l for
ums.
Tea
cher
s w
ill b
e ta
ught
how
to id
entif
y, a
nd r
efer
for
indi
-vi
dual
and
gro
up th
erap
yse
riou
sly
at-r
isk
or s
ever
ely
emot
iona
lly d
istu
rbed
chi
l-dr
en a
nd a
dole
scen
ts. A
reso
urce
dir
ecto
ry o
f fa
mily
serv
ices
will
als
o be
dev
el-
oped
and
dis
trib
uted
to a
llied
agen
cies
. Tea
cher
s w
ill b
etr
aine
d in
res
ilien
cy a
nd h
owto
invo
lve
stud
ents
in a
ctiv
i-tie
s th
at u
tiliz
e re
stor
ativ
e
76
30 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
Mis
soul
a, M
onta
na
Par
tner
s:
Mis
soul
a C
ount
y P
ublic
Sch
ools
Wes
tern
Mon
tana
Men
tal H
ealth
Cen
ter
Mis
soul
a P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t
Mis
soul
a D
istr
ict/Y
outh
Cou
rt
Mis
soul
aC
ount
y Pu
blic
Scho
ols
serv
es 9
,214
stu
-de
nts,
34
perc
ent o
f w
hom
qual
ify
for
free
- or
red
uced
-pr
ice
lunc
hes.
Ove
r th
e pa
st10
yea
rs, M
isso
ula
Cou
nty
has
grow
n by
13
perc
ent.
Cri
min
al b
ehav
ior,
incl
udin
gfe
lony
ass
ault,
rap
e, a
nd r
ob-
bery
, has
incr
ease
d by
53
per-
cent
, and
inci
dent
s of
dom
es-
tic v
iole
nce
by m
ore
than
31
perc
ent.
From
199
3-96
, alc
o-ho
l and
oth
er d
rug
cita
tions
incr
ease
d at
a r
ate
that
is
twic
e th
e na
tiona
l ave
rage
,w
hile
35
perc
ent o
f th
e yo
uth
indi
cate
life
is n
ot w
orth
livi
ng.
Scho
ol-b
ased
res
ourc
e te
ams
(SR
T),
sch
ool p
erso
nnel
,yo
uth
prev
entio
n sp
ecia
lists
,fa
mily
adv
ocat
es, s
choo
lre
sour
ce o
ffic
ers,
men
tal
heal
th s
peci
alis
ts, a
nd y
outh
prob
atio
n of
fice
rs w
ill p
ro-
vide
a c
oord
inat
ed a
nd c
om-
preh
ensi
ve n
etw
ork
of o
ut-
reac
h, a
sses
smen
t, pr
even
-tio
n, in
terv
entio
n, li
nkag
e,an
d re
ferr
al f
or s
tude
nts
and
thei
r fa
mili
es. T
his
initi
ativ
ew
ill e
nhan
ce th
e ca
paci
ty o
f"N
eigh
borh
ood
Nur
ses"
topr
ovid
e cr
itica
l hom
e-vi
sitin
gse
rvic
es to
at-
risk
fam
ilies
inta
rget
ed a
reas
. The
initi
ativ
ew
ill a
lso
use
Eve
n St
art t
eam
mem
bers
to p
rovi
de f
amily
liter
acy
prog
ram
s, p
resc
hool
,an
d en
hanc
ed d
ay c
are
for
at-
risk
fam
ilies
. For
ele
men
tary
,m
iddl
e, a
nd h
igh
scho
ol s
tu-
dent
s, th
e in
itiat
ive
will
incr
ease
aft
er-s
choo
l act
ivi-
ties,
sum
mer
pro
gram
min
g,an
d sc
hool
-com
mun
ity in
ter-
actio
n. A
You
th P
roba
tion
Off
icer
wor
king
with
the
SRT
will
fac
ilita
te tr
ansi
tions
for
stud
ents
ret
urni
ng to
scho
ol f
rom
a ju
veni
le ju
stic
epl
acem
ent.
Flex
ible
alte
rna-
tive
educ
atio
nal p
rogr
ams
will
be
in p
lace
to h
elp
at-r
isk
stud
ents
ach
ieve
suc
cess
.
77
Gal
lup,
New
Mex
ico
Par
tner
s:
Gal
lup-
McK
inle
y C
ount
y S
choo
l Dis
tric
t
Reh
obot
h M
cKin
ley
Chr
istia
n H
ealth
Car
e
Ser
vice
s
The
Gal
lup
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
Gal
lup-
McK
inle
y C
ount
ySc
hool
Dis
tric
t ser
ves
a st
u-de
nt p
opul
atio
n of
14,
400
stud
ents
. Rou
ghly
hal
f th
eco
unty
lies
with
in th
eN
avaj
o In
dian
Res
erva
tion.
Eng
lish
is a
sec
ond
lang
uage
for
57 p
erce
nt o
f th
ese
stu-
dent
s. R
ough
ly 8
5 pe
rcen
t of
the
stud
ent p
opul
atio
n qu
ali-
fies
for
fre
e- o
r re
duce
d-pr
ice
lunc
hes,
and
43
perc
ent o
fth
e co
unty
's r
esid
ents
live
inpo
vert
y. T
he c
ount
y's
unem
-pl
oym
ent r
ate
is 1
1 pe
rcen
t,an
d on
the
Nav
ajo
Res
erva
-tio
n it
can
exce
ed 4
0 pe
rcen
t.
To
enha
nce
earl
y ch
ildho
odde
velo
pmen
t pro
gram
s an
dm
enta
l hea
lth p
reve
ntio
n an
dtr
eatm
ent s
ervi
ces,
a s
choo
lhe
alth
coo
rdin
ator
will
be
hire
d. T
his
pers
on: w
ill b
ere
spon
sibl
e fo
r ca
se m
anag
e-m
ent a
nd f
or th
e ov
eral
lco
ordi
natio
n of
all
men
tal
heal
th, p
sych
osoc
ial,
and
earl
y ch
ildho
od d
evel
opm
ent
serv
ices
ren
dere
d to
stu
dent
sin
nee
d. A
stu
dent
-foc
used
suic
ide
prev
entio
n pr
ogra
mw
ill b
e in
itiat
ed. A
fter
-sch
ool
acad
emic
, enr
ichm
ent,
and
phys
ical
act
iviti
es w
ill b
e co
n-du
cted
in 1
9 ne
ighb
orho
od-
base
d el
emen
tary
sch
ools
topr
omot
e dr
ug a
nd v
iole
nce
prev
entio
n an
d ea
rly
inte
r-ve
ntio
n. C
ultu
rally
app
ropr
i-at
e co
mpr
ehen
sive
sch
ool
heal
th p
rogr
ams
will
als
o be
impl
emen
ted.
A d
istr
ict-
wid
e,ag
e-ap
prop
riat
e, z
ero-
tole
r-an
ce d
isci
plin
e po
licy
will
also
be
impl
emen
ted.
Sch
ool
safe
ty w
ill b
e pr
omot
edth
roug
h th
e ex
pans
ion
ofco
mm
unity
-ori
ente
d po
licin
gse
rvic
es to
all
scho
ols
inth
e di
stri
ct, i
n co
njun
ctio
nw
ith lo
cal l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent
agen
cies
.
Idab
el, O
klah
oma
Par
tner
s:
Idab
el P
ublic
Sch
ools
Car
l Alb
ert M
enta
l Hea
lth
Mc
Cur
tain
Cou
nty
She
riff's
Dep
artm
ent
Alm
ost 1
0,00
0 pe
ople
res
ide
inId
abel
, with
1,7
04 s
tu-
dent
s en
rolle
d in
the
Idab
elPu
blic
Sch
ools
. Alm
ost 7
0pe
rcen
t qua
lify
for
free
- or
redu
ced-
pric
e sc
hool
lunc
hes.
Ove
r th
e pa
st th
ree
year
s,in
cide
nts
of s
tude
nt d
rug
use
and
stud
ent v
iole
nce
have
incr
ease
d st
eadi
ly. A
s a
resu
lt,la
st y
ear,
alm
ost t
wic
e as
man
y st
uden
ts w
ere
susp
end-
ed o
r ex
pelle
d fr
om s
choo
lth
an in
the
prev
ious
two
year
s. C
omm
unity
mem
bers
and
lead
ers
will
dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t pla
ns to
add
ress
min
ority
issu
es, d
omes
tic v
io-
lenc
e, e
cono
mic
dev
elop
men
t,N
ativ
e A
mer
ican
nee
ds, s
afe
scho
ols,
dru
g an
d vi
olen
cepr
even
tion,
fam
ily w
elln
ess,
earl
y ch
ildho
od n
eeds
, and
scho
ol im
prov
emen
t. A
t the
core
of
thes
e ef
fort
s is
trai
n-in
g on
com
mun
icat
ion,
pro
b-le
m-s
olvi
ng, l
ife
skill
s, a
ndea
rly
iden
tific
atio
n of
pro
b-
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s an
d a
RO
PES
cour
se f
or c
hild
ren
ages
10
and
up. A
n ex
tend
edda
y pr
ogra
m a
nd e
xpan
ded
stud
ent a
ssis
tanc
e se
rvic
esw
ill h
elp
stud
ents
with
dis
-ru
ptiv
e be
havi
or o
r ps
ycho
-lo
gica
l and
men
tal h
ealth
need
s. S
choo
l sec
urity
will
be e
nhan
ced
thro
ugh
addi
-tio
nal s
ecur
ity s
taff
, tru
ancy
enfo
rcem
ent,
and
polic
yre
visi
ons.
AC
T1
0A
Rea
ctio
n to
the
Tra
gedy
at C
olum
bine
"Par
ents
sho
uld
be in
the
scho
ol b
uild
ings
oft
en.
Stud
ents
wou
ld b
enef
it by
see
ing
pare
nts
arou
nd th
em a
ndw
ould
feel
that
gro
wn-
ups
wer
e in
tere
sted
in th
eir
lives
."L
eatr
ice
Wis
e, F
airb
ury,
Neb
rask
a
"We
need
to b
e m
ore
invo
lved
inou
r ch
ildre
n's
lives
and
know
wha
t the
y ar
e do
ing.
We
need
to f
ind
mea
ning
ful
activ
ities
for
our
chi
ldre
n to
be
invo
lved
with
."R
osal
yn H
anso
n, m
othe
r of
six
, Col
orad
o Sp
ring
s,C
olor
ado
tern
beh
avio
rs. T
he in
itiat
ive
will
exp
and
its c
urre
nt e
arly
child
hood
eff
orts
to r
each
mor
e fa
mili
es w
ith c
hild
ren
from
bir
th to
age
3. A
cul
tur-
ally
spe
cifi
c cu
rric
ulum
and
a ri
tes-
of-p
assa
ge p
rogr
amw
ill a
lso
be p
art o
f th
eed
ucat
iona
l ref
orm
eff
orts
.R
ecre
atio
nal n
eeds
of
stu-
dent
s w
ill b
e m
et th
roug
h
Red
mon
d, O
rego
n
Par
tner
s:
Cro
ok D
esch
utes
Edu
catio
n S
ervi
ce D
istr
ict
Des
chut
es C
ount
y C
omm
issi
on o
n
Chi
ldre
n an
d F
amili
es
Dis
tric
t Atto
rney
's O
ffice
The
Cro
ok D
esch
utes
Edu
catio
n Se
rvic
e D
istr
ict i
sco
mpo
sed
of th
ree
scho
ol d
is-
tric
ts, s
ervi
ng 2
0,00
0 st
u-
dent
s in
gra
des
K-1
2. T
otal
juve
nile
cri
me
in th
e di
stri
ctin
crea
sed
by 3
8 pe
rcen
tbe
twee
n 19
87 a
nd 1
996.
The
over
all s
uspe
nsio
n an
d ex
pul-
sion
rat
e is
ala
rmin
g an
d co
n-si
sten
t. O
ther
ser
ious
indi
ca-
tors
incl
ude
a 13
4 pe
rcen
tin
crea
se f
rom
199
0 to
199
8in
stu
dent
s re
ferr
ed to
pro
ba-
tion,
a r
ise
in th
e nu
mbe
r of
stud
ents
in ju
veni
le ju
stic
epl
acem
ents
, and
an
incr
ease
in c
hild
abu
se a
nd n
egle
ctca
ses.
Proj
ect g
oals
are
to r
educ
evi
olen
ce in
loca
l sch
ools
; to
redu
ce th
e in
cide
nce
of a
lco-
hol,
toba
cco,
and
oth
er d
rug
use
amon
g yo
uth;
to in
crea
sest
uden
t acc
ess
to m
enta
lhe
alth
/hea
lth s
ervi
ces;
and
toin
crea
se s
choo
l com
plet
ion/
grad
uatio
n ra
tes.
Pro
ject
obje
ctiv
es a
re to
incr
ease
law
enfo
rcem
ent p
rese
nce
insc
hool
s, to
exp
and
publ
icaw
aren
ess
of th
e co
unty
'sSa
fe S
choo
ls A
llian
ce p
olic
ies
and
goal
s, to
est
ablis
h m
en-
tori
ng o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
at-
risk
you
th a
nd a
fter
-sch
ool
skill
-bas
ed r
ecre
atio
nal
oppo
rtun
ities
for
mid
dle
scho
ol y
outh
, and
to in
crea
seth
e nu
mbe
r of
sch
ool-
base
dFa
mily
Acc
ess
Net
wor
k si
tes.
The
pro
ject
als
o se
eks
toex
pand
the
"Fir
st S
tep
toSu
cces
s" e
arly
chi
ldho
od
deve
lopm
ent p
rogr
am to
prov
ide
com
preh
ensi
vesc
hool
-bas
ed m
enta
l hea
lthas
sess
men
t and
trea
tmen
t ser
-vi
ces
to tr
ain
scho
ol s
taff
inth
e ea
rly
iden
tific
atio
n of
prob
lem
beh
avio
rs, a
nd to
cond
uct a
cou
nty
-wid
e po
licy
stud
y an
d si
te a
sses
smen
ts.
New
port
, Rho
de Is
land
Par
tner
s:
New
port
Pub
lic S
choo
ls
Rho
de Is
land
Dep
artm
ent f
or C
hild
ren,
You
th &
Fam
ilies
New
port
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
The
New
port
Sch
ool D
istr
ict
serv
es 2
,967
stu
dent
s. O
f th
est
uden
t pop
ulat
ion,
2 p
erce
ntre
ceiv
e "E
nglis
h as
a S
econ
dL
angu
age"
and
/or
bilin
gual
educ
atio
n, a
nd 2
0 pe
rcen
tre
ceiv
e so
me
leve
l of
spec
ial
educ
atio
n. F
ifty
-fiv
e pe
rcen
tof
low
-inc
ome
New
port
pub
-lic
sch
ool s
tude
nts
part
icip
ate
in th
e Sc
hool
Bre
akfa
stPr
ogra
m. T
he te
en s
uici
dean
d pr
egna
ncy
rate
s ar
e si
g-ni
fica
ntly
hig
her
than
the
stat
e av
erag
es.
Six
team
s w
ill p
rovi
de a
coor
dina
ted
set o
f pr
even
-tio
n, e
duca
tion,
inte
rven
tion,
and
supp
ort s
ervi
ces.
New
and
exis
ting
nurs
e ho
me
visi
-ta
tion
serv
ices
will
link
with
earl
y in
terv
entio
n pr
ogra
ms,
emer
genc
y fa
mily
ser
vice
s,
Hea
d St
art,
Eve
n St
art,
and
othe
r pr
ogra
ms,
to s
tren
gthe
nsu
ppor
ts to
hig
h-ri
sk f
amili
esw
ith y
oung
chi
ldre
n, a
s w
ell
as h
igh-
risk
mot
hers
pri
or to
the
birt
h of
a c
hild
. In
addi
-tio
n to
exp
ande
d sc
hool
-ba
sed
fam
ily s
ervi
ce c
oord
i-
natio
n, r
eadi
ng s
kills
sup
port
will
be
incr
ease
d, a
nd in
ten-
sive
tran
sitio
n se
rvic
es f
orch
ildre
n be
twee
n pr
esch
ool
and
grad
e sc
hool
, and
ele
-m
enta
ry a
nd m
iddl
e sc
hool
,w
ill b
e pr
ovid
ed. A
com
mu-
nity
-wid
e m
edia
tion
prog
ram
,cl
assr
oom
-bas
ed e
duca
tiona
lpr
ogra
ms
aim
ed a
t dec
reas
ing
yout
h vi
olen
ce a
nd s
ubst
ance
abus
e, a
teen
hot
line,
rec
re-
atio
nal a
fter
-sch
ool p
ro-
gram
s, a
nd p
aren
t sem
inar
sw
ill b
e im
plem
ente
d.
Taz
ewel
l, T
enne
ssee
Par
tner
s:
Clin
ch-P
owel
l Edu
catio
nal C
oope
rativ
e
Fro
ntie
r H
ealth
and
Che
roke
e H
ealth
Cla
ibor
ne, G
rain
ger,
Han
cock
, Haw
kins
,
and
Uni
on C
ount
y P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
ts
In th
e C
linch
-Pow
ell a
rea
of T
enne
ssee
, are
a sc
hool
dist
rict
s ha
ve f
orm
ed a
fiv
e-
coun
ty e
duca
tiona
l coo
pera
-tiv
e th
at s
erve
s 18
,342
stu
-de
nts.
One
of
the
coun
ties,
Han
cock
Cou
nty,
is th
e se
v-en
th p
oore
st in
the
natio
n.
Des
igna
ted
a m
anpo
wer
shor
tage
are
a, H
anco
ck 8032
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
14.
T
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"My
sugg
estio
n is
that
par
ents
hav
e to
sta
y in
volv
ed w
ithth
eir
child
ren
whe
n th
ey're
littl
e an
d th
ey h
ave
tost
ayin
volv
ed w
hen
they
're te
enag
ers.
The
way
they
sta
yin
volv
ed h
as to
be
fine
ssed
and
it h
as to
be
done
with
love
and
cari
ng, b
ut y
our
adol
esce
nts
wan
tyo
u, n
eed
you
to s
tay
invo
lved
with
them
, and
it's
cri
tical
ly im
port
ant t
hat
you
do."
Ted
Fei
nber
g, S
choo
l Psy
chol
ogis
t
Cou
nty
has
no h
ospi
tals
,th
ree
phys
icia
ns, a
nd o
nede
ntis
t. T
he p
erce
ntag
e
of p
eopl
e liv
ing
in p
over
tyis
34
perc
ent,
com
pare
dto
15
perc
ent n
atio
nwid
e.
Beg
inni
ng w
ith p
resc
hool
child
ren,
cou
nsel
ors
will
pro
-vi
de s
ervi
ces,
ref
erra
l, an
dco
nsul
tatio
n fo
r th
ose
exhi
bitin
g pr
oble
mat
ic b
ehav
-io
r. T
he s
choo
l sys
tem
will
link
with
the
Ten
ness
ee E
arly
Inte
rven
tion
Syst
em to
ass
ess
and
refe
r ch
ildre
n fr
om b
irth
to a
ge 3
to a
ppro
pria
te s
er-
vice
s. E
lem
enta
ry s
choo
l chi
l-dr
en w
ill r
ecei
ve p
reve
ntiv
e
serv
ices
, int
erve
ntio
n, a
ndre
ferr
al f
or tr
eatm
ent f
rom
child
dev
elop
men
t spe
cial
ists
.C
omm
unity
ser
vice
age
ncie
sw
ill li
nk w
ith th
e sc
hool
sys
-te
ms
to a
sses
s fa
mily
-rel
ated
issu
es, i
nclu
ding
alc
ohol
and
othe
r dr
ug u
se. M
iddl
e an
d
high
sch
ool c
hild
ren
will
have
acc
ess
to m
enta
l hea
lth
coun
selo
rs a
nd s
choo
lre
sour
ce o
ffic
ers.
Hom
esc
hool
vis
itors
, who
are
trai
ned
soci
al w
orke
rs, w
illco
ordi
nate
with
sch
ool-
base
dse
rvic
es to
ens
ure
cont
inui
tybe
twee
n be
havi
or m
anag
e-m
ent p
lans
at s
choo
l and
hom
e. S
choo
l saf
ety
stra
tegi
esw
ill in
clud
e pa
rtne
rshi
ps w
ithlo
cal l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent o
ffi-
cers
and
sch
ool f
acili
ty a
ndse
curi
ty m
easu
res.
Ham
lin, W
est
Part
ners
:
Linc
oln
Cou
nty
Boa
rd o
f Edu
catio
n
Pre
ster
a C
ente
r fo
r M
enta
l Hea
lth
Ser
vice
s, In
c. a
nd A
ctio
n Y
outh
Car
e
Linc
oln
Cou
nty
She
riff's
Offi
ce
Lin
coln
Cou
nty
is a
chr
oni-
cally
dep
ress
ed r
ural
cou
nty
in s
outh
wes
tern
Wes
tV
irgi
nia.
A 1
997-
98 s
urve
yin
dica
ted
that
ove
r 25
per-
cent
of
the
stud
ent p
opul
a-tio
n ha
d us
ed il
lega
l dru
gsan
d dr
ank
to th
e po
int o
fin
toxi
catio
n tw
o w
eeks
pri
orto
the
surv
ey. T
he s
choo
lre
port
s th
at s
tude
nt s
uspe
n-si
ons,
trua
ncy,
saf
e sc
hool
viol
atio
ns, c
hild
pro
tect
ive
serv
ices
cas
es, a
nd ju
veni
leco
urt r
efer
rals
con
tinue
to in
crea
se. A
t lea
st 1
57st
uden
ts a
ges
6 to
17
have
emot
iona
l and
beh
avio
ral
diso
rder
s.
The
pri
mar
y go
al o
f th
eL
inco
ln E
arly
Agg
ress
ion
Prev
entio
n Pr
ogra
m (
LE
APP
)is
to p
rovi
de s
uppo
rt a
ndpr
even
tion
prog
ram
s fo
rfa
mili
es to
add
ress
soc
ial,
emot
iona
l and
phy
sica
lne
eds
of p
resc
hool
and
ele
-m
enta
ry s
tude
nts.
Thr
eene
w p
resc
hool
pro
gram
s w
illbe
impl
emen
ted
to in
volv
epa
rent
s an
d ch
ildre
n in
deve
lopm
enta
l act
iviti
esde
sign
ed to
pre
pare
the
child
for
succ
essf
ul e
ntry
into
scho
ol. A
ll se
ven
elem
enta
rysc
hool
s pa
rtic
ipat
ing
inL
EA
PP w
ill h
ave
lead
ersh
ipte
ams
coor
dina
ted
by a
nin
-sch
ool s
ocia
l wor
ker.
The
se te
ams
will
dev
elop
prog
ram
min
g an
d in
terv
en-
tions
to p
reve
nt a
nd r
educ
est
uden
t dru
g us
e an
d vi
o-le
nce.
A m
ento
ring
coo
rdin
a-to
r w
ill li
nk c
hild
ren
with
men
tors
. Tea
cher
s w
ill b
e
taug
ht h
ow to
iden
tify
yout
hw
ith m
enta
l hea
lth p
robl
ems
and
how
to r
efer
thos
e st
u-de
nts
to s
peci
aliz
ed s
ervi
ces
prov
ided
by
the
cons
ortiu
mpa
rtne
rs. S
tude
nts
who
con
-tin
ue to
be
disr
uptiv
e in
the
clas
sroo
m w
ill b
e re
mov
edan
d pl
aced
in a
ltern
ativ
ele
arni
ng c
lass
es. T
o en
hanc
esc
hool
saf
ety,
sch
ool r
esou
rce
offi
cers
will
be
a vi
sibl
e pr
es-
ence
on
cam
pus.
Lar
amie
, Wyo
min
g
Par
tner
s:
Alb
any
Cou
nty
Sch
ool D
istr
ict #
1
Lara
mie
Pol
ice
Dep
artm
ent
Sou
thea
st W
yom
ing
Men
tal
Hea
lth C
ente
r
Lar
amie
, a s
mal
l tow
n of
appr
oxim
atel
y 25
,000
peo
-pl
e, is
the
thir
d la
rges
t city
in W
yom
ing.
Alb
any
Cou
nty
Publ
ic S
choo
ls h
ad 3
,888
stud
ents
enr
olle
d as
of
Apr
il19
98. S
ince
199
4, s
ome
decr
ease
s in
dru
g us
e ha
vebe
en n
oted
for
7th
, 8th
,an
d 11
th g
rade
rs. H
owev
er,
the
perc
enta
ge o
f 10
th a
nd12
th g
rade
rs in
the
high
-ri
sk g
roup
rem
ains
hig
h.A
lban
y C
ount
y ha
s th
e se
c-on
d hi
ghes
t dro
pout
rat
ein
the
stat
e.
The
goa
l of
the
Lar
amie
Com
mun
ity S
afe
Scho
ols/
Hea
lthy
Stud
ents
Ini
tiativ
e is
to p
rovi
de a
com
mun
ity-
wid
e sy
stem
to: (
1) in
crea
seth
e so
cial
ski
lls le
vel a
ndpr
osoc
ial d
evel
opm
ent o
f al
lth
e ch
ildre
n in
the
Lar
amie
com
mun
ity, (
2) id
entif
ych
ildre
n w
ho a
re a
t ris
k fo
rpr
oble
m b
ehav
ior
and
prom
ptly
pla
ce th
em in
to
tify,
hig
h-ri
sk p
regn
anci
es a
ndpr
oiid
e pa
rent
trai
ning
, (3)
iden
tify
at-r
isk
child
ren,
base
d on
the
risk
fac
tors
of
disc
iplin
ary
actio
n,' d
rop
ingr
ades
, dru
g us
e an
d di
sen-
gage
men
t fro
m s
choo
l, an
dpr
ovid
e ap
prop
riat
e ev
iden
ce-
base
d se
rvic
es d
urin
g th
e cr
i-si
s,(4
)of
fer
high
-ris
k yo
uth
and
thei
r fa
mili
es a
ser
vice
team
des
igne
d to
mee
t the
ir
A R
eact
ion
to th
e T
rage
dy a
t Col
umbi
ne
"Mor
e co
unse
lors
are
nee
ded
in th
e sc
hool
s w
how
ill w
ork
colla
bora
tivel
y w
ith te
ache
rs,
pare
nts,
and
com
mun
ity m
em-
bers
to e
nsur
e th
at a
ggre
ssiv
eor
uns
tabl
e st
uden
ts d
o no
tfa
ll th
roug
h th
e cr
acks
. Las
tly,
a na
tionw
ide
cam
paig
n to
enco
urag
e ad
ults
to m
ento
r yo
uth
mus
t be
mou
nted
. Far
too
man
y ch
ildre
n ar
e st
arvi
ng f
or lo
ve, s
uppo
rt, a
ndat
ten-
tion
of a
sta
ble
adul
t fig
ure.
"
Hea
ther
Sm
ith, g
radu
ate
stud
ent,
Oak
land
, Cal
ifor
nia
effe
ctiv
e se
rvic
es, a
nd (
3)in
terv
ene
with
chi
ldre
n w
hoar
e en
gagi
ng in
neg
ativ
ebe
havi
ors
and
appl
y an
acco
unta
bilit
y-ba
sed,
res
tora
-tiv
e ju
stic
e m
odel
to th
eir
trea
tmen
t/reh
abili
tatio
n. T
hein
itiat
ive
will
inte
rven
e w
ithhi
gh-r
isk
fam
ilies
pri
or to
the
birt
h of
a c
hild
to: (
1)pr
even
t poo
r pa
rent
ing
and
child
mal
trea
tmen
t, (2
) id
en-
need
s, (
5) in
crea
se th
e ra
nge
of s
ente
ncin
g op
tions
,w
ith a
dequ
ate
mon
itori
ngfo
r al
l opt
ions
, (6)
pro
vide
com
preh
ensi
ve s
ubst
ance
abus
e tr
eatm
ent f
or a
dole
s-ce
nts,
and
(7)
iden
tify
pote
ntia
l vio
lent
off
ende
rsso
oner
to p
rovi
de a
ppro
pri-
ate
inte
rven
tions
.
82
TR
IBA
L S
ITE
S
Pin
on, A
rizon
a
Par
tner
s:
Pin
on U
nifie
d S
choo
l Dis
tric
t #4
Chi
nle
Dep
artm
ent o
f Beh
avio
ral H
ealth
Ser
vice
s
Nav
ajo
Dep
artm
ent o
f law
Enf
orce
men
t
The
Pin
on S
choo
l Dis
tric
tco
nsis
ts o
f sev
en s
mal
l
Nav
ajo
com
mun
ities
with
apo
pula
tion
of a
bout
5,0
00pe
ople
. Onl
y 19
per
cent
of
resi
dent
s ov
er a
ge 1
6 ar
eem
ploy
ed, a
nd th
e m
edia
nho
useh
old
inco
me
is le
ss th
an20
per
cent
of
the
rest
of
the
natio
n. N
inet
y-tw
o pe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
live
bel
ow th
e po
ver-
ty le
vel a
nd r
ecei
ve f
ree-
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nche
s.
The
initi
ativ
e ca
lls f
or th
ede
sign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
an a
rray
of
serv
ices
, inc
ludi
ngpr
enat
al p
hysi
cal a
nd m
enta
lhe
alth
ser
vice
, and
the
cre-
atio
n of
a f
amily
res
ourc
ece
nter
at t
he s
choo
l dis
tric
tfo
r dr
ug a
nd v
iole
nce
educ
a-tio
n. T
he in
itiat
ive
will
als
om
eet s
tude
nt m
enta
l hea
lthne
eds
thro
ugh
scre
enin
g an
dco
unse
ling;
con
tinua
tion
ofsw
eat l
odge
sby
a m
edic
ine
man
for
boy
s an
d an
eld
erw
oman
for
gir
lsto
pro
vide
cultu
rally
app
ropr
iate
hea
ling
cere
mon
ies;
red
esig
ning
and
impr
ovin
g th
e sc
hool
men
tal
heal
th r
efer
ral s
yste
m;
impl
emen
ting
the
K'e
iPr
ogra
m o
ffer
ed b
y th
eIn
dian
Hea
lth S
ervi
ce, w
hich
prov
ides
men
tal h
ealth
ser
-vi
ces
inte
grat
ed w
ith tr
adi-
tiona
l Nav
ajo
heal
ing;
and
prov
idin
g pa
rent
edu
catio
nse
rvic
es a
nd in
terv
entio
n pr
o-gr
ams
by m
enta
l hea
lth a
gen-
cies
dur
ing
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
fam
ily o
utre
ach
prog
ram
s.E
duca
tion
refo
rm w
ill c
ontin
-ue
thro
ugh
staf
f de
velo
pmen
tba
sed
on e
ffec
tive
teac
hing
and
lear
ning
pri
ncip
les;
the
redu
ctio
n of
cla
ss s
izes
at a
llle
vels
, esp
ecia
lly th
e pr
imar
ygr
ades
; the
hir
ing
of tu
tors
;an
d a
com
preh
ensi
ve E
nglis
hlit
erac
y pr
ogra
m f
or g
rade
spr
e-K
-12.
Win
d R
iver
Indi
anR
eser
vatio
n, E
thet
e,W
yom
ing
Par
tner
s:
Wyo
min
g In
dian
Sch
ools
Indi
an H
ealth
Ser
vice
Win
d R
iver
Offi
ceof
law
Enf
orce
men
t
Ser
vice
s
The
Wyo
min
g In
dian
Sch
ools
isa
smal
l K-1
2 sc
hool
dis
tric
ton
the
Win
d R
iver
Ind
ian
Res
erva
tion
in W
est C
entr
alW
yom
ing.
The
re is
a h
igh
prev
alen
ce o
f dr
ug u
se a
ndar
rest
s, a
nd e
xces
sive
rat
es o
fsu
icid
e, h
omic
ide,
juve
nile
delin
quen
cy, a
nd a
ccid
enta
lde
ath.
Exi
stin
g ea
rly
inte
r-
vent
ion
prog
ram
s do
not
ade
-qu
atel
y m
eet t
he n
eeds
of
the
yout
h. T
he I
ndia
n H
ealth
Serv
ice
is th
e on
ly n
on-r
eser
-va
tion
prov
ider
of
men
tal
heal
th s
ervi
ces,
and
can
onl
yse
rve
40 p
erce
nt o
f ch
ildre
nan
d fa
mili
es in
nee
d.
The
pro
gram
will
use
the
serv
ices
of
heal
th c
are
educ
a-to
rs, p
ract
ition
ers,
soc
ial
wor
kers
, cou
nsel
ors,
psy
chol
-og
ists
, gra
ndpa
rent
adv
isor
s,an
d sc
hool
res
ourc
e of
fice
rs.
The
y w
ill w
ork
as a
team
out
of th
e In
terg
ener
atio
nal
Fam
ily R
esou
rce
Hel
p C
ente
rto
pro
vide
pre
vent
ion
and
inte
rven
tion
prog
ram
s fo
cus-
ing
on th
e m
enta
l and
emot
iona
l hea
lth o
f th
epr
esch
ool p
opul
atio
n. T
hese
prog
ram
s w
ill s
eek
to r
educ
ega
ngs
and
viol
ence
, and
inco
rpor
ate
anti-
viol
ence
and
anti-
drug
cur
ricu
la th
roug
h-ou
t the
sch
ool a
nd c
omm
uni-
ty. T
he I
nter
gene
ratio
nal
Fam
ily R
esou
rce
Hel
p C
ente
rw
ill a
lso
coor
dina
te a
ndin
crea
se th
e pr
ovis
ion
ofm
enta
l hea
lth s
ervi
ces.
Asc
hool
res
ourc
e of
fice
r w
illfo
rge
the
need
ed li
nk b
etw
een
trib
al la
w e
nfor
cem
ent a
ndth
e sc
hool
.
83
MS
BE
ST
t S
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Thi
s ch
apte
r pr
esen
ts e
xam
ples
of
prev
entio
n pr
ogra
ms
that
wor
kpro
gram
s th
at a
re w
ell-
desi
gned
, hav
e
dem
onst
ra ti
o1 e
ffec
ts e
ness
, and
can
be
impl
emen
ted
as p
art o
f a
com
preh
ensi
ve s
choo
l saf
ety
plan
. Whi
le s
ever
al o
f
the
mos
tgr
ams
are
broa
d in
sco
pe, t
he p
rogr
ams
shou
ld b
e vi
ewed
as
com
pone
nts
of a
com
preh
ensi
ve
.her
than
as
stan
d-al
one
stra
tegi
es f
or r
educ
ing
scho
ol v
iole
nce.
It i
s im
port
ant t
o re
mem
ber
he r
esul
t of
care
ful p
lann
ing
and
a th
orou
gh u
nder
stan
ding
of
the
scho
ol's
phy
sica
l, so
cial
,
prie
nt. A
cri
tical
com
pone
nt o
f in
crea
sing
sch
ool s
afet
y is
cho
osin
g pr
ogra
ms
that
can
be
read
ily
activ
ities
to e
ffec
tivel
y ad
dres
s lo
cal n
eeds
. It i
s im
pera
tive
that
sch
ools
sel
ect p
rogr
ams
.
n th
e re
sults
of
a th
orou
gh n
eeds
ass
essm
ent.
Als
o, c
omm
unity
sta
keho
lder
s m
ust b
e ac
tivel
y
eve
@pi
a_ a
mid
im e
me-
mon
e e.
oxiip
rolk
oiv
e sa
go,
fe?l
am.
cha
-r p
re-s
o.ro
gram
. ten
ded
to e
.om
plem
orat
, 1'l®
tre
plac
e, th
ose
prow
-aI
pres
ente
d in
last
yea
r'snn
ual R
epor
t. N
orp
m-
ingl
y, s
oof
the
prop
ram
s a
tsa
me,
t a y
ear
s w
on*
®f
acic
hili
nal l
ear
ing
has
owed
. e id
entif
icat
ion
of n
ew, e
eet.i
ve p
ropr
ams.
he p
rogr
am c
ited
in th
is c
hapt
er w
ere
'ifnt
ifie
d'o
dor
a.S
. Dep
a tim
ilont
of
uoie
.e
gran
t to
tie H
amili
tom
Fis
k N
atio
1 Im
oi6m
te®
l and
Co
m. a
im .
ity V
iole
nce
inn
co la
bora
tion
with
tit[
e
Uni
vers
e ry
of
Mar
ylan
d an
d T
obl r
Ros
ear
h A
ssoc
i re-
s.
aA
1
9 4
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 35
The
dat
a pr
esen
ted
in th
is c
hapt
er
are
draw
n fr
om th
ree
ongo
ing
stud
ies
of s
choo
l-ba
sed
effo
rts
to p
reve
nt
and
redu
ce p
oor
yout
h ou
tcom
es. T
he
stud
ies
focu
s on
pro
gram
s de
sign
ed
to r
educ
e su
bsta
nce
use,
ant
isoc
ial
and
viol
ent b
ehav
ior,
and
pro
blem
beha
vior
in g
ener
al.
The
follo
win
g pr
ogra
ms
have
bee
n fo
rmal
ly e
valu
ated
usi
ng
scho
ol-a
ged
child
ren
in s
choo
l set
tings
, and
a co
mpa
rison
grou
p de
sign
. The
y ar
e am
ong
the
mos
t effe
ctiv
e pr
ogra
ms
exam
ined
to d
ate
in a
ttain
ing
posi
tive
outc
omes
for
yout
h. It
shou
ld b
e no
ted
that
man
y m
ore
prog
ram
sw
ere
anal
yzed
than
are
incl
uded
her
e. S
uppl
emen
tal i
nfor
mat
ion
on th
e an
alys
es
of th
e pr
ogra
ms
incl
uded
in th
is c
hapt
er is
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e
Ham
ilton
Fis
h N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
on S
choo
l and
Com
mun
ity V
iole
nce
(ww
w.h
amfis
h.or
g).
The
pro
gram
s pr
esen
ted
in th
is c
hapt
er h
ave
been
rig
orou
sly
eval
uate
d in
the
field
and
rank
am
ong
the
top
50 p
erce
nt in
term
s of
str
ong
prog
ram
effe
cts
by a
t lea
st o
ne o
f thr
ee
grou
ps o
f res
earc
hers
. Som
e of
.the.
pro
gram
s ha
ve b
een
test
ed in
mul
tiple
site
s, w
hile
othe
rs h
ave
been
impl
emen
ted
in o
nly
a si
ngle
sch
ool.
In c
hoos
ing
an a
ppro
pria
te in
terv
entio
n to
incl
ude
ina
com
preh
ensi
ve s
choo
l saf
ety
plan
, it i
s im
port
ant t
o co
nsid
er th
e sc
hool
env
ironm
ent,
the
cond
ition
s, a
nd p
opul
atio
ns
in w
hich
a p
rogr
am h
as b
een
test
ed a
s th
ey m
ay b
e di
ffere
nt fr
om th
ose
in w
hich
the
prog
ram
is to
be
adap
ted.
Add
ition
ally
, sch
ools
ser
ve e
thni
cally
and
eco
nom
ical
ly d
iver
se
stud
ent p
opul
atio
nspo
pula
tions
that
may
diff
er fr
om th
ose
test
ed. T
he s
elec
tion
and
repl
icat
ion
of d
emon
stra
ted
prog
ram
s sh
ould
be
base
don
the
goal
s an
d ob
ject
ives
iden
ti-
fied
in th
e co
mpr
ehen
sive
sch
ool s
afet
y pl
an, a
dapt
ing
the
prog
ram
s as
nec
essa
ry,
whi
le m
aint
aini
ng th
e in
tegr
ity o
f the
ir or
igin
al d
esig
n. A
sses
sing
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of
thes
e
stra
tegi
es is
ess
entia
l.
88
36 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
VIO
LEN
CE
PR
EV
EN
TIO
NP
RO
GR
AM
S
AN
GE
R C
OPI
NG
PR
OG
RA
M
The
Ang
er C
opin
g Pr
ogra
mis
des
igne
d to
pro
vide
cog
ni-
tive
beha
vior
al tr
aini
ng to
prea
dole
scen
t and
ear
ly a
do-
lesc
ent y
outh
(i.e
., 8
to 1
4ye
ars
old)
, but
is a
lso
appr
o-pr
iate
in a
n ad
apte
d fo
rm f
oryo
unge
r ch
ildre
n an
d ol
der
adol
esce
nts.
The
pro
gram
isst
ruct
ured
for
use
with
grou
ps o
f ch
ildre
n an
d tw
oco
-lea
ders
who
adm
inis
ter
mod
elin
g, r
ole
play
ing,
gro
uppr
oble
m-s
olvi
ng, a
nd p
ositi
vere
info
rcem
ent a
ctiv
ities
,in
clud
ing
a re
war
d re
info
rce-
men
t sys
tem
for
goa
l ach
ieve
-m
ent.
It is
rec
omm
ende
d th
aton
e of
the
two
co-l
eade
rs b
ea
site
-bas
ed s
choo
l psy
chol
o-gi
st o
r sc
hool
cou
nsel
or. I
nge
nera
l, gr
oups
mee
t for
12
or, i
n th
e up
date
d ve
rsio
n, 1
8w
eeks
, onc
e pe
r w
eek,
for
60
to 9
0 m
inut
es.
In th
e ev
alua
ted
sam
ple,
4th
,5t
h, a
nd 6
th g
rade
boy
s,id
entif
ied
by th
eir
teac
hers
as
the
mos
t agg
ress
ive
and
dis-
rupt
ive
at s
choo
l, w
ere
sele
ct-
ed a
s pa
rtic
ipan
ts. S
tude
nts
wer
e in
volv
ed w
ith th
e pr
o-gr
am f
or 1
2 to
18
wee
ks a
ndex
hibi
ted
30 p
erce
nt f
ewer
antis
ocia
l and
vio
lent
beh
av-
iors
fol
low
ing
part
icip
atio
n
89
in th
e pr
ogra
m r
elat
ive
to a
com
pari
son
grou
p. T
he s
am-
ple
incl
uded
bot
h W
hite
and
Bla
ck s
tude
nts.
Con
tact
:Jo
hn L
ochm
an, P
h.D
.D
epar
tmen
t of
Psyc
holo
gyU
nive
rsity
of
Ala
bam
aB
ox 8
7034
8T
usca
loos
a, A
L 3
5487
Tel
: (20
5) 3
48-5
083
Fax:
(20
5) 3
48-8
648
E-m
ail:
jloch
man
@gp
.as.
ua.e
du
BR
AIN
POW
ER
PR
OG
RA
M
The
Bra
inPo
wer
Pro
gram
is a
retr
aini
ng in
terv
entio
nde
sign
ed to
red
uce
peer
-di
rect
ed a
ggre
ssio
n. T
hetr
eatm
ent i
s a
12-l
esso
n co
g-ni
tive
inte
rven
tion
with
mat
e-ri
als
and
activ
ities
app
ropr
i-at
e fo
r th
e la
te e
lem
enta
rygr
ades
. The
pri
mar
y go
al o
fth
e in
terv
entio
n is
to tr
ain
aggr
essi
ve b
oys
not t
o in
fer
host
ile p
eer
inte
nt in
neg
ativ
eso
cial
enc
ount
ers.
The
pro
gram
con
tain
s th
ree
com
pone
nts.
The
fir
st c
om-
pone
nt s
tren
gthe
ns a
ggre
ssiv
ebo
ys' a
bilit
y to
det
ect w
ithac
cura
cy th
e in
tent
of
othe
rs.
The
sec
ond
com
pone
nt is
desi
gned
to in
crea
se th
e lik
e-lih
ood
that
agg
ress
ive
boys
will
ass
ume
a no
nhos
tile
inte
nt w
hen
nega
tive
soci
al
Gon
zalo
Gar
za In
depe
nden
ce H
igh
Sch
ool l
earn
new
ski
lls s
tude
nts
in th
eco
mpl
eter
lab.
enco
unte
rs a
re a
mbi
guou
s.T
he th
ird
com
pone
nt e
labo
-ra
tes
on th
e m
eani
ng o
fin
tent
iona
lity
in th
e co
ntex
tof
link
ing
appr
opri
ate
beha
v-io
ral r
espo
nses
to a
mbi
guou
s-ly
cau
sed,
neg
ativ
e ou
tcom
es.
The
Bra
in P
ower
Pro
gram
isco
nduc
ted
as a
sch
ool-
base
dpr
ogra
m o
f sm
all g
roup
inst
ruct
ion.
Stu
dent
s ar
e se
enon
a p
ull-
out b
asis
dur
ing
the
cour
se o
f th
e re
gula
rsc
hool
day
. Gro
ups
of s
ixst
uden
ts m
eet t
wic
e w
eekl
yfo
r 12
one
-hou
r se
ssio
ns.
Eac
h gr
oup
shou
ld c
onsi
stof
fou
r ex
cess
ivel
y ag
gres
sive
and
two
aver
age,
non
aggr
es-
sive
stu
dent
s.
Tho
se in
volv
ed in
the
pro-
gram
wer
e in
gra
des
3th
roug
h 6
and
wer
e pr
imar
ilyB
lack
and
Lat
ino
stud
ents
from
an
urba
n se
tting
. The
part
icip
ants
rec
eive
din
stru
ctio
n on
e or
two
times
per
wee
k fo
r si
x w
eeks
and
exhi
bite
d fr
om 1
2 pe
rcen
tto
20
perc
ent f
ewer
ant
isoc
ial
and
viol
ent b
ehav
iors
rela
tive
to th
e co
mpa
riso
ngr
oup
afte
r th
e pr
ogra
mpe
riod
end
ed.
d "7
t1
Con
tact
:C
ynth
ia H
udle
y, P
h.D
.G
radu
ate
Scho
ol o
fE
duca
tion
Uni
vers
ity o
f C
alif
orni
a at
Sant
a B
arba
ra22
10 P
help
s H
all U
CSB
Sant
a B
arba
ra, C
A 9
3106
-949
0T
el: (
805)
893
-832
4Fa
x: (
805)
893
-726
4E
-mai
l:hu
dley
@ed
ucat
ion.
ucsb
.edu
GO
OD
BE
HA
VIO
R G
AM
E
The
Goo
d B
ehav
ior
Gam
e(G
BG
), f
or c
hild
ren
in th
e 1s
tgr
ade,
aim
s to
red
uce
earl
yag
gres
sive
and
shy
beh
avio
rs.
The
pro
gram
impr
oves
the
teac
her's
abi
lity
to d
efin
e
task
s, s
et r
ules
, and
dis
cipl
ine
stud
ents
.
At t
he b
egin
ning
of
the
gam
e,ch
ildre
n ar
e as
sign
ed to
team
s by
thei
r te
ache
r, w
hom
akes
sur
e th
at te
ams
con-
tain
equ
al n
umbe
rs o
f ag
gres
-si
ve/d
isru
ptiv
e ch
ildre
n.St
uden
ts w
ork
in te
ams
insu
ch a
way
that
eac
h in
divi
d-ua
l is
resp
onsi
ble
to th
e re
stof
the
grou
p. T
he te
ache
rth
en c
lear
ly d
efin
es a
set
of
disr
uptiv
e be
havi
ors
whi
ch,
if d
ispl
ayed
, will
res
ult i
n a
team
dem
erit.
At t
he e
nd o
fth
e ga
me,
thos
e te
ams
that
have
not
exc
eede
d th
e m
axi-
mum
num
ber
of d
emer
its a
re
rew
arde
d, w
here
as th
ose
team
s th
at h
ave
exce
eded
the
max
imum
are
not
rew
arde
d.B
ecau
se th
e pr
ogra
m s
eeks
tom
odif
y th
e be
havi
or o
f sh
ych
ildre
n w
ithou
t lab
elin
gth
em a
s su
ch, s
hy c
hild
ren
are
ofte
n ap
poin
ted
team
lead
er w
ith th
e re
spon
sibi
lity
for
hand
ing
out p
rize
s. A
fter
the
stud
ents
bec
ome
used
toth
e ru
les
of th
e ga
me,
the
teac
her
begi
ns th
e ga
me
with
no w
arni
ng, s
o th
at s
tude
nts
are
alw
ays
awar
e of
thei
row
n be
havi
or.
Eff
ects
of
the
GB
G w
ere
mea
-su
red
by te
ache
r ra
tings
, pee
rno
min
atio
ns, a
nd in
depe
n-
dent
obs
erva
tions
in th
ecl
assr
oom
s. A
ll th
ree
eval
ua-
tion
met
hods
sho
wed
pos
itive
effe
cts
for
both
mal
es a
ndfe
mal
es b
y th
e en
d of
1st
grad
e, r
elat
ive
to c
hild
ren
inth
e co
ntro
l gro
up. D
urin
ga
nine
-mon
th f
ollo
w-u
p,te
ache
r ra
tings
exh
ibite
d a
10pe
rcen
t red
uctio
n w
hile
pee
rno
min
atio
ns e
xhib
ited
a 19
perc
ent r
educ
tion
in a
ggre
s-si
ve b
ehav
ior.
By
mid
dle
scho
ol, e
valu
atio
ns f
ound
posi
tive
resu
lts f
or m
ales
who
had
dis
play
ed e
arly
91
In A
bing
ton,
Pen
nsyl
vani
a,
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs a
nd
scho
ol p
erso
nnel
hav
e be
en
conc
erne
d ab
out s
tude
nts'
afte
r-sc
hool
alc
ohol
and
dru
g
use.
As
a re
sult,
Abi
ngto
n
deve
lope
d a
com
preh
ensi
ve,
long
-ter
m p
reve
ntio
n pr
ogra
m
to s
erve
stu
dent
s fr
om k
inde
r-
gart
en th
roug
h hi
gh s
choo
l
grad
uatio
n.
Abi
ngto
n S
enio
r H
igh
Sch
ool's
pro
gram
em
pha-
size
s ea
rly p
reve
ntio
n an
d
incl
udes
pro
gram
s th
at b
egin
in th
e ea
rly e
lem
enta
ry y
ears
and
cont
inua
lly b
uild
on
pre-
viou
s kn
owle
dge
thro
ugho
ut
futu
re g
rade
leve
ls.
Pre
vent
ion
prog
ram
min
g
begi
ns w
ith b
uild
ing
a st
rong
soci
al s
kill
foun
datio
n am
ong
stud
ents
thro
ugh
ci s
erie
s of
less
ons
on d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing,
resi
stan
ce, a
nd r
efus
al s
kills
.
At h
ighe
r gr
ade
leve
ls, p
re-
vent
ion
educ
atio
n in
mul
tiple
area
s in
clud
ing,
aw
aren
ess
of to
bacc
o, d
rug,
and
vio
-
lenc
e is
sues
, are
taug
ht.
A k
ey p
reve
ntio
n co
mpo
-
nent
of A
bing
ton
Sen
ior
Hig
h S
choo
l's p
reve
ntio
n
stra
tegy
is th
e ad
ditio
n of
anti-
drug
and
vio
lenc
e m
es-
sage
s th
roug
hout
the
curr
icu-
lum
. Sci
ence
, hea
lth, p
hysi
-
cal e
duca
tion,
and
fam
ily
and
cons
umer
sci
ence
cou
rs-
es a
ll in
clud
e le
sson
s ab
out
the
sign
ifica
nt c
onse
quen
ces
of to
bacc
o, d
rug,
and
alc
o-
hol u
se. T
each
ers
utili
ze in
-
serv
ice
time
to h
elp
iden
tify
and
impl
emen
t bes
t pra
ctic
es
in g
uidi
ng s
tude
nts
and
giv-
ing
them
an
effe
ctiv
e m
eans
for
inte
ract
ing
with
all
mem
-
bers
of t
he s
choo
l com
mun
ity.
The
drU
g an
d vi
olen
ce p
re-
vent
ion
prog
ram
is s
uppo
rt-
ed w
ith e
ffect
ive
disc
iplin
e
polic
ies.
Eac
h ye
ar, s
tude
nts
rece
ive
a S
tude
ni H
andb
ook
outli
ning
the
stan
dard
s of
appr
oPria
te c
ondu
ct a
nd th
e
sanc
tions
for
viol
atio
n of
the
scho
ol 'c
ode.
For
stu
dent
sus
-
pens
ions
, the
prin
cipa
l con
-
duct
s an
info
rmal
hea
ring
com
plet
e w
ith d
ue p
roce
ss
right
s S
uspe
nsio
n he
arin
gs
alw
ays
incl
ude
the
stud
ent
invo
lved
, the
stu
dent
's p
ar-
ents
, the
ass
ista
nt p
rinci
pal,
a gu
idan
ce c
ouns
elor
, and
the
com
mun
ity-p
olic
ing
offi-
cer
assi
gned
to th
e sc
hool
To
help
iden
tify
and
resp
ond
to s
tude
nts
who
dem
onst
rate
dru
g an
d al
co-
hol u
se, A
bing
ton
Hig
h
Sch
ool h
as c
reat
ed a
Stu
dent
Ass
ista
nce
Pro
gram
(S
AP
)
Mem
bers
of t
he S
AP
team
are
thor
ough
ly tr
aine
d in
appr
opria
te in
terv
entio
n
stra
tegi
es a
nd in
dev
elop
ing
info
rmed
and
str
atifi
ed
appr
oach
es th
at in
clud
e pa
r-
ents
, the
sch
ool t
eam
, and
men
tal h
ealth
pro
vide
rs
Abi
ngto
n S
enio
r H
igh
Sch
ool h
as r
epor
ted
a
decr
ease
in s
tude
nt s
uspe
n-
sion
s fr
om 1
4dr
ug/a
lcoh
ol
offe
nses
, 38
fight
s, a
nd tw
o
wea
pon
offe
nses
in 1
993-
94, t
o si
x dr
ug /a
lcoh
ol
offe
nses
, 14
fight
s, a
nd z
ero
wea
pon
offe
nses
in 1
997-
98
'I,
I0 I
NA
'411
111
I .
Se-
11
-
-- "
- -'"
--
IA
;:I4
4 I
ell
.
e:
.
'.
.
.
D -
D. II
5.
I C
AN
PR
OB
LE
M S
OL
VE
:
AN
IN
TE
RPE
RSO
NA
L
CO
GN
ITIV
E P
RO
BL
EM
-SO
LV
ING
PR
OG
RA
M
I C
an P
robl
em S
olve
(IC
PS)
serv
es a
s an
eff
ectiv
e vi
olen
cepr
even
tion
prog
ram
by
help
-in
g ch
ildre
n th
ink
of n
onvi
o-le
nt w
ays
to s
olve
eve
ryda
ypr
oble
ms.
It h
as p
rove
n to
be
extr
emel
y ef
fect
ive
in h
elpi
ngch
ildre
n le
arn
to r
esol
vein
terp
erso
nal p
robl
ems
and
prev
ent a
ntis
ocia
l beh
avio
rs.
ICPS
is a
cog
nitiv
e ap
proa
chth
at te
ache
s ch
ildre
n ho
w to
thin
k, n
ot w
hat t
o th
ink.
The
y le
arn
that
beh
avio
r ha
sca
uses
, tha
t peo
ple
have
fee
l-in
gs, a
nd th
at th
ere
is m
ore
than
one
way
to s
olve
apr
oble
m. A
s th
ey le
arn
toas
soci
ate
how
they
thin
kw
ith w
hat t
hey
do, c
hild
ren
beco
me
mor
e ca
ring
and
bet
-te
r ab
le to
sha
re, c
oope
rate
,an
d ge
t alo
ng w
ith o
ther
s.
ICPS
is a
vaila
ble
in s
epar
ate
volu
mes
for
thre
e de
velo
p-m
enta
l lev
els:
pre
scho
ol,
kind
erga
rten
and
pri
mar
ygr
ades
, and
inte
rmed
iate
ele
-m
enta
ry g
rade
s. T
he p
rogr
amca
n be
eas
ily in
corp
orat
edin
to th
e cl
assr
oom
or
adap
ted
for
use
by c
ouns
elor
s. T
hecu
rric
ulum
invo
lves
for
mal
less
ons,
inte
ract
ion
in th
ecl
assr
oom
, and
inte
grat
ion
into
the
curr
icul
um.
94
Bas
ed o
n m
ore
than
20
year
sof
res
earc
h, r
esea
rche
rs h
ave
obse
rved
a s
ubst
antia
lim
prov
emen
t in
beha
vior
alad
just
men
t attr
ibut
able
to th
epr
ogra
m. A
lso,
you
ngst
ers
who
did
not
sho
w b
ehav
ior
prob
lem
s in
pre
scho
ol w
ere
less
like
ly to
beg
in s
how
ing
them
late
r. E
valu
ator
sob
serv
ed a
56
perc
ent t
o 62
perc
ent r
educ
tion
(dur
ing
the
follo
w-u
p ev
alua
tions
) in
prob
lem
beh
avio
rs o
f th
e 11
3tr
aine
d pr
e-ki
nder
gart
en a
ndki
nder
gart
en, i
nner
-city
chi
l-dr
en, c
ompa
red
to th
e 10
6ch
ildre
n in
the
cont
rol g
roup
.
Con
tact
:M
yrna
Shu
re, P
h.D
.M
CP
Hah
nem
ann
Uni
vers
ity24
5 N
orth
15t
h St
., M
S 62
6Ph
ilade
lphi
a, P
A 1
9102
Tel
: (21
5) 7
62-7
205
E-m
ail:
msh
ure@
drex
el.e
du
Ord
erin
g In
form
atio
n:R
esea
rch
Pres
s26
12 N
orth
Mat
tis A
venu
eC
ham
paig
n, I
L 6
1822
-105
3T
el: (
800)
519
-270
7Fa
x: (
217)
352
-122
1E
-mai
l: rp
@re
sear
chpr
ess.
com
ww
w.r
esea
rchp
ress
.com
.
KID
PO
WE
R P
RO
GR
AM
The
Kid
Pow
er P
rogr
am is
asc
hool
-bas
ed p
reve
ntio
n an
din
terv
entio
n pr
ogra
m f
or e
le-
men
tary
sch
ools
, fun
ded
byth
e Fl
orid
a D
epar
tmen
t of
Chi
ldre
n an
d Fa
mili
es. T
heK
id P
ower
mod
el is
des
igne
dto
pre
vent
mul
tiple
-ris
k st
u-de
nts
from
bec
omin
gin
volv
ed w
ith a
lcoh
ol a
ndot
her
drug
s an
d fr
om b
eing
viol
ent.
Eac
h K
id P
ower
Prog
ram
pro
vide
s in
divi
dual
and
grou
p pr
even
tive
coun
-se
ling,
eve
nts,
and
act
iviti
esfo
r th
e st
uden
ts a
nd th
eir
fam
ilies
. Add
ition
ally
, cou
n-se
lors
ser
ve a
s re
sour
ce p
er-
sons
for
alc
ohol
, tob
acco
,an
d ot
her
drug
use
pre
ven-
tion
and
inte
rven
tion
serv
ices
with
in th
eir
scho
ols.
Stud
ents
who
dis
play
ris
kfa
ctor
s th
at r
esea
rch
has
show
n to
be
asso
ciat
ed w
ithsu
bsta
nce
abus
e be
havi
or a
rese
lect
ed a
fter
a s
cree
ning
proc
ess
invo
lvin
g th
e K
idPo
wer
cou
nsel
or, s
tude
nts,
pare
nts,
and
sch
ool p
erso
n-ne
l. T
he s
elec
ted
stud
ents
are
thos
e m
ost l
ikel
y to
dem
on-
stra
te a
cade
mic
and
soc
ial
gain
s th
roug
h a
prog
ram
pro
-m
otin
g he
alth
y pe
er in
tera
c-tio
n, p
ositi
ve s
choo
l exp
eri-
ence
s, a
nd p
reve
ntiv
e co
un-
selin
g se
ssio
ns.
Eac
h K
id P
ower
Pro
gram
ispr
esen
ted
by a
cou
nsel
or w
hois
exp
erie
nced
and
trai
ned
inm
enta
l hea
lth a
nd s
ubst
ance
abus
e an
d w
ho b
ring
s a
dive
rsif
ied
back
grou
nd o
f
expe
rien
ce w
orki
ng w
ithch
ildre
n. E
ach
coun
selo
rse
rves
app
roxi
mat
ely
20ch
ildre
n in
gra
des
1 th
roug
h5
full-
time
for
the
firs
tpr
ogra
m s
emes
ter.
Eac
hpa
rtic
ipan
t rec
eive
s w
eekl
yin
divi
dual
and
gro
up c
ouns
el-
ing
with
max
imum
ass
ista
nce
prov
ided
to th
e fa
mily
as
need
ed a
nd a
s th
eir
indi
vid-
ual c
oope
ratio
n pe
rmits
.Se
cond
-sem
este
r K
id P
ower
enro
llees
are
con
side
red
part
-tim
e, a
nd e
ach
child
rec
eive
sgr
oup
coun
selin
g, v
aryi
ngfr
om w
eekl
y to
mon
thly
,de
pend
ing
on th
e ne
eds
ofth
e in
divi
dual
stu
dent
.
The
maj
ority
of
stud
ents
inth
e pr
ogra
m a
re W
hite
mal
es.
The
se s
tude
nts
part
icip
ated
inth
e pr
ogra
m th
ree
or f
our
times
per
wee
k fo
r 18
wee
ks.
Aft
er th
e pr
ogra
m, p
artic
ipat
-in
g st
uden
ts e
xhib
ited
40 p
er-
cent
few
er a
ntis
ocia
l and
vio
-le
nt b
ehav
iors
rel
ativ
e to
aco
mpa
riso
n gr
oup.
Con
tact
:M
icha
el B
enne
tt,A
ssoc
iate
Exe
cutiv
e D
irec
tor
Riv
er R
egio
n H
uman
Serv
ices
, Inc
.33
0 W
est S
tate
Str
eet
Jack
sonv
ille,
FL
322
02T
el: (
904)
359
-657
1, e
xt. 1
35Fa
x: (
904)
359
-658
3E
-mai
l: rr
hsm
ike@
msn
.com
annu
al M
ann,
* nn
Ceh
rted
ME
TR
OPO
LIT
AN
AR
EA
CH
ILD
ST
UD
Y
The
Met
ropo
litan
Are
a C
hild
Stud
y (M
AC
S) is
a m
ultic
om-
pone
nt v
iole
nce
and
sub-
stan
ce u
se p
reve
ntio
n pr
o-gr
am th
at a
lso
aim
s to
enha
nce
and
supp
ort p
roso
-ci
al b
ehav
ior
and
acad
emic
achi
evem
ent.
Thi
s pr
ogra
mse
eks
to a
ffec
t the
chi
ld's
thin
king
and
beh
avio
r, w
hile
also
aff
ectin
g th
e m
ajor
infl
u-en
ces
on d
evel
opm
ent (
teac
h-er
s, p
eers
, and
par
ents
). T
hepr
ogra
m c
urre
ntly
off
ers
thre
e le
vels
of
inte
rven
tion.
The
mos
t bas
ic p
rogr
amco
mbi
nes
teac
her
trai
ning
incl
assr
oom
beh
avio
r m
anag
e-m
ent a
nd in
stru
ctio
nal t
ech-
96
40 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n Sc
hool
Saf
ety
niqu
es w
ith a
cla
ssro
om-
base
d so
cial
-ski
lls, s
ocia
lpr
oble
m-s
olvi
ng c
urri
culu
m(2
0 w
eeks
ove
r tw
o ye
ars)
. A20
-ses
sion
, sm
all-
grou
p co
m-
pone
nt f
or c
hild
ren
with
abov
e-av
erag
e ri
sk f
orag
gres
sion
can
als
o be
add
ed.
Thi
s co
mpo
nent
is d
eliv
ered
thro
ugh
wee
kly
sess
ions
with
six
to e
ight
chi
ldre
n. A
thir
dco
mpo
nent
invo
lves
fam
ilies
in 2
2 w
eekl
y m
eetin
gs.
The
pro
gram
has
bee
nde
sign
ed to
be
impl
emen
ted
in e
lem
enta
ry s
choo
ls w
ithon
e ve
rsio
n fo
cuse
d on
2nd
and
3rd
grad
es a
nd o
ne o
n5t
h an
d 6t
h gr
ades
. Ski
llstr
aini
ng in
the
gene
ral c
ur-
Lin
woo
d E
lem
enta
ry S
choo
l'sA
fter
-Sch
ool C
horu
s.
ricu
lum
and
the
smal
l gro
upin
clud
e se
lf-c
once
ptid
eals
/ski
lls, s
ocia
l ski
lls, p
er-
spec
tive
taki
ng, c
onfl
ict r
eso-
lutio
n, a
nd m
anag
ing
med
iavi
olen
ce. T
he f
amily
mee
tings
focu
s on
par
entin
g pr
actic
es,
man
agin
g de
velo
pmen
t, an
dai
ding
in r
educ
ing
indi
vidu
al,
fam
ily, a
nd c
omm
unity
ris
kfa
ctor
s fo
r dr
ug a
buse
, sch
ool
failu
re, a
nd v
iole
nce.
The
stro
nges
t eff
ects
hav
e be
enfo
und
whe
n th
e th
ree
com
po-
nent
s ar
e im
plem
ente
d as
an
inte
grat
ed in
terv
entio
n.
The
pro
gram
was
dev
elop
edw
ith a
mul
tieth
nic,
eco
nom
i-ca
lly d
isad
vant
aged
pop
ula-
tion.
It h
as b
een
subj
ecte
d to
exte
nsiv
e an
d ca
refu
l eva
lua-
tion.
The
ful
l/int
egra
ted
pro-
gram
has
sho
wn
effe
ctiv
enes
sin
red
ucin
g ag
gres
sion
,im
prov
ing
acad
emic
fun
ctio
n-in
g, a
nd le
ssen
ing
rate
s of
late
r de
linqu
ency
.
Bla
ck a
nd L
atin
o st
uden
ts in
an u
rban
set
ting
rece
ived
inst
ruct
ion
cont
inuo
usly
for
two
scho
ol y
ears
. Tho
se s
tu-
dent
s in
gra
des
2 th
roug
h 6
who
rec
eive
d in
stru
ctio
nex
hibi
ted
40 p
erce
nt f
ewer
antis
ocia
l and
vio
lent
beh
av-
iors
than
com
para
ble
stu-
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
dent
s w
ho d
id n
ot p
artic
ipat
ein
the
prog
ram
.
Con
tact
:Pa
tric
k H
. Tol
an, P
h.D
.In
stitu
te f
or J
uven
ileR
esea
rch
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ps
ychi
atry
Uni
vers
ity o
f Il
linoi
s at
Chi
cago
Chi
cago
, IL
606
12T
el: (
312)
413
-189
3Fa
x: (
312)
413
-170
3E
-mai
l: T
olan
@ui
c.ed
u
PEE
R M
ED
IAT
ION
PRO
GR
AM
Thi
s pr
ogra
m is
one
impo
r-ta
nt c
ompo
nent
of
a co
mpr
e-he
nsiv
e sc
hool
-bas
ed c
onfl
ict
reso
lutio
n pr
ogra
m. I
n th
ispr
ogra
m, s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 6
to 1
2 ar
e se
lect
ed b
ased
on
nom
inat
ions
by
facu
lty, s
taff
,an
d st
uden
ts to
rec
eive
pee
rm
edia
tion
trai
ning
, pre
pari
ngth
em to
ser
ve a
s ne
utra
lm
edia
tors
who
ass
ist o
ther
stud
ents
in r
esol
ving
con
flic
tsi
tuat
ions
. The
sug
gest
edba
sic
peer
med
iatio
n tr
aini
ngta
kes
appr
oxim
atel
y 12
to 1
5ho
urs
over
two
days
and
incl
udes
act
iviti
es r
elat
ed to
unde
rsta
ndin
g co
nflic
t,re
spon
ses
to c
onfl
ict,
orig
ins
of c
onfl
ict,
com
mun
icat
ions
skill
s, th
e ro
le o
f th
e m
edia
-to
r, a
nd th
e m
edia
tion
proc
ess.
In
addi
tion,
sub
se-
quen
t biw
eekl
y m
eetin
gs
inco
rpor
ate
mor
e ad
vanc
edac
tiviti
es, a
ddre
ssin
g bi
asaw
aren
ess,
soc
ial a
nd c
ultu
ral
dive
rsity
, adv
ance
d co
mm
uni-
catio
n, d
ealin
g w
ith a
nger
,ca
ucus
ing,
neg
otia
ting,
and
grou
p pr
oble
m-s
olvi
ng. P
ro-
gram
mat
eria
ls in
clud
e a
guid
e, a
stu
dent
man
ual,
and
an o
ptio
nal t
rain
ing
vide
o. T
hepr
ogra
m a
lso
incl
udes
trai
n-in
g w
orks
hops
and
act
iviti
esfo
r st
aff,
stu
dent
s, p
aren
ts,
and
com
mun
ities
.
An
eval
uatio
n of
the
prog
ram
incl
uded
stu
dent
s of
mix
edet
hnic
ity in
an
urba
n se
tting
who
exh
ibite
d a
19 p
erce
ntre
duct
ion
in a
ntis
ocia
l and
viol
ent b
ehav
iors
.
Con
tact
:D
onna
Cra
wfo
rd, E
xecu
tive
Dir
ecto
rN
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
onfl
ict
Res
olut
ion
Edu
catio
n11
0 W
est M
ain
Stre
etU
rban
a, I
L 6
1801
Tel
: (21
7) 3
84-4
118
Fax:
(21
7) 3
84-4
322
E-m
ail:
craw
ford
@nc
cre.
org
ww
w.n
ccre
.org
Ord
erin
g In
form
atio
n:R
esea
rch
Pres
s26
12 N
orth
Mat
tis A
venu
eC
ham
paig
n, I
L 6
1822
-105
3T
el: (
800)
519
-270
7Fa
x: (
217)
352
-122
1E
-mai
l: rp
@re
sear
chpr
ess.
com
vvw
w.r
esea
rchp
ress
.com
s
.
-
-
.-
-
- -
:"
es: 4
-
.
Con
cern
ed w
ith th
e am
ount
of ti
me
spen
t res
pond
ing
to
clas
sroo
m d
isru
ptio
ns a
nd
disc
iplin
e pr
oble
ms,
the
fac-
ulty
at L
inw
ood
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool d
evel
oped
a c
ompr
e-
hens
ive
stra
tegy
to h
elp
impr
ove
stud
ent b
ehav
ior.
The
sch
ool's
Dis
cipl
ine
Com
Mitt
ee id
entif
ied
a ne
ed
to im
prov
e st
uden
t cou
rtes
y
and
resp
ect,
as w
ell a
s in
ter-
pers
onal
rel
atio
nshi
ps. A
fter
rese
arch
ing
vario
us d
isci
-
plin
e pl
ans
and
stra
tegi
es,
the
com
mitt
ee im
plem
ente
d
the
Linw
ood
Prid
e D
isci
plin
e
Pla
n: M
akin
g R
espo
nsib
le
Cho
ices
to h
elp
stud
ents
take
resp
onsi
bilit
y fo
r th
eir
own
actio
ns.
Dev
elop
ed b
y te
ache
rs,
stud
ents
, and
par
ents
, the
Linw
ood
Prid
e D
isci
plin
e
Pla
n ai
ms
to te
ach
stud
ents
resp
onsi
ble
deci
sion
-mak
ing.
Stu
dent
s ar
e co
nsis
tent
ly
rem
inde
d of
the
unde
rlyin
g
them
e of
the
Dis
cipl
ine
Pla
n"W
e be
lieve
in y
ob.
We
trus
t you
. We
know
you
can
do it
." T
he p
rogr
am's
philo
soph
y is
bas
ed o
n se
v-
eral
pre
mis
es: e
ach
pers
on
is a
res
pons
ible
dec
isio
n-
mak
er; e
ach
pers
on m
akes
choi
ces
ever
y da
y; e
ach
pers
on d
ecid
es h
ow to
beha
ve; n
o on
e el
se c
ause
s
a pe
rson
to d
o an
ythi
ng,
and
each
per
son
choo
ses
succ
ess
or fa
ilure
.
If a
stud
ent d
oes
not m
ake
resp
onsi
ble
choi
ces,
they
visi
t the
Opp
ortu
nity
Roo
m
a de
sign
ated
roo
m fo
r st
u-
dent
s to
thin
k ab
out t
heir
deci
sion
s, d
iscu
ss w
hat
occu
rred
, and
dev
elop
an
actio
n pl
an fo
r th
e ne
xt ti
me
they
are
pla
ced
in a
sim
ilar
situ
atio
n. A
trai
ned
scho
ol
coun
selo
r w
orks
clo
sely
with
each
stu
dent
to p
rovi
de s
up-
port
and
to d
eter
min
e w
hen
stud
ents
nee
d ad
ditio
nal s
er-
vice
s, s
uch
as m
ento
ring,
coun
selin
g, o
r de
sign
ing
an
indi
vidu
al b
ehav
ior
plan
.
Linw
ood
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool
has
crea
ted
a sc
hool
clim
ate
cond
uciv
e to
the
lear
ning
proc
ess
and
acad
emic
achi
evem
ent.
Stu
dent
s an
d
staf
f mem
bers
con
stan
tly r
ein-
forc
e th
e sc
hool
's v
isio
n an
d
mis
sion
sta
tem
ent,
"Chi
ldre
n
shou
ld b
e ac
cept
ing
of a
nd
com
pass
iona
te to
war
d ot
h-
ers.
" A
full
time
nurs
e an
d
guid
ance
cou
nsel
or s
uppl
e-
men
t and
com
plem
ent t
he
wor
k of
the
clas
sroo
m
teac
her
in c
reat
ing
a nu
rtur
-
ing
and
safe
env
ironm
ent.
Par
enta
l inv
olve
men
t is
enco
urag
ed th
roug
h ac
tive
recr
uitin
g in
sch
ool n
ewsl
et-
ters
, fly
ers,
and
invi
tatio
ns to
eat l
unch
with
thei
r ch
ildre
n
at s
choo
l. A
Par
ent R
esou
rce
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Cen
ter
offe
rs p
aren
ts th
e
oppo
rtun
ity to
wor
k on
pro
-
ject
s fo
r te
ache
rs, r
ead
with
child
ren,
and
par
ticip
ate
in
smal
l gro
up d
iscu
ssio
ns o
n
stud
ent i
ssue
s. D
urin
g th
e
1997
-98
scho
ol y
ear,
par
ent
volu
ntee
rs lo
gged
in 5
,180
hour
s of
ser
vice
to th
e sc
hool
,
a 25
per
cent
incr
ease
from
the
prev
ious
yea
r.
Eac
h ye
ar th
e sc
hool
dis
ci-
plin
e pl
an is
eva
luat
ed. T
he
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s
dem
onst
ratin
g ac
cept
able
beha
vior
incr
ease
d fr
om 8
4
perc
ent i
n th
e 19
96-9
7
scho
ol y
ear
to 9
2 pe
rcen
t in
1997
-98.
Fur
ther
mor
e, th
e
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s
refe
rred
to th
e O
ppor
tuni
ty
Roo
m fe
ll fr
om 2
9 pe
rcen
t to
16 p
erce
nt d
urin
g th
e sa
me
perio
d.
011.
.r.,.
.,
-;
`-
-;
-
-t-
-
IIla
4:A
0-
A
In 1
994,
the
may
or o
f
Lans
ing
iden
tifie
d yo
uth
vio-
lenc
e as
a m
otor
pro
blem
and
calle
d fo
r th
e fo
rmat
ion
of a
coa
litio
n of
loca
l gov
-
ernm
ent,
law
enf
orce
men
t,
publ
ic s
choo
ls, p
reve
ntio
n
agen
cies
, and
the
com
mun
i-
ty T
he c
oalit
ion
exam
ined
com
mun
ity s
urve
y da
ta th
at
sugg
este
d in
crea
ses
in
scho
ol d
isci
plin
e pr
oble
ms
and
`sus
pens
ions
, par
ticul
arly
for
fight
ing
and
drop
ping
out A
eord
ing
io r
isk
asse
ss-
men
t dat
a, th
e gr
eate
st
Incr
ease
am
ong
the
sele
cted
indi
cato
rs w
as e
arly
initi
a-
ticiri
and
per
sist
ent p
robl
em
beha
vior
s
In r
espo
nse,
the
You
th
Vio
lenc
e P
reve
ntio
n C
oalit
ion
deve
lope
d a
com
preh
ensi
ve,
mul
tifac
eted
str
ateg
y to
addr
ess
iden
tifie
d pr
oble
ms.
At O
tto M
iddl
e S
choo
l, th
e
prev
entio
n st
rate
gy in
clud
ed
crea
tion
of T
he P
eace
Cen
ter.
Pea
ce C
ente
r ac
tivi-
ties
incl
ude
peer
'med
iatio
n,
an a
fters
choo
l com
mun
ity
serv
ice
and
viol
ence
pre
ven-
tion
club
, a P
cire
nt P
artn
er
prog
ram
offe
ring
supp
ort
,.
reso
urce
s an
d cl
asse
S fo
r
pare
nts
ikro
Ugh
Out
the
scho
ol
Yea
r. In
add
ition
, the
Cen
ter
:pr
ovid
es tr
ansi
tion
activ
ities
for
stud
ents
'pre
parin
g to
ente
r m
iddl
e sc
hool
and
ikO
ie s
itide
nti p
repa
ring
to
leav
e fo
r hi
gh s
choo
l. T
he
crea
tion
of a
sch
ool c
ultu
re
of n
onvi
olen
ce h
as b
een
one
of th
e m
ost n
otic
eabl
e
chan
ges
at O
tto.
At O
tto, "
Pow
er fo
r Li
ving
"
is a
req
uire
d co
urse
for
all
8th
grO
ders
. The
cur
ricul
um
used
for
the
cour
se p
rovi
des
a sy
stem
atic
cipP
roac
k fo
subs
tanc
e ab
use
and
vio-
.
lenc
e pr
even
tion
educ
atio
n
and
is ta
ught
by
a ct
irric
ii-,
'Urn
-cer
tifie
d te
aCke
r. E
ight
h
grad
ers
alsb
rec
eive
spe
cial
inst
ruct
ion
in s
ocia
l siU
die'
S
claS
ie'S
on
law
edu
catio
n.
dnd
repo
rtin
g w
eapo
n- c
arry
-
ing.
and
crim
es to
prop
ri-
afe
3EST
CO
PY A
VA
I
POSI
TIV
E A
DO
LE
SCE
NT
CH
OIC
ES
TR
AIN
ING
The
Pos
itive
Ado
lesc
ent
Cho
ices
Tra
inin
g (P
AC
T)
prog
ram
is d
esig
ned
tore
duce
the
chan
ces
that
at-r
isk
adol
esce
nts
will
beco
me
vict
ims
or p
erpe
tra-
Par
ents
pla
y an
impo
rtan
t
role
in O
tto's
dru
g an
d vi
o-
lenc
e pr
even
tion
stra
tegy
Par
ent c
lass
es a
re h
eld
peri-
odic
ally
on
topi
cs s
uch
as
"Con
flict
Res
olut
ion
at
Hom
e" a
nd "
Ass
et B
uild
ing
"
Eac
h pa
rent
of a
n in
com
ing
stud
ent a
lso
rece
ives
a w
el-
com
eba
g of
sch
ool m
ater
i-
als
acco
mpa
nied
by
alco
hol,
toba
cco,
and
oth
er d
rug
abus
e an
d vi
olen
ce p
reV
en.-
lion
into
i4na
tion
A P
aren
t
Res
ourc
e Li
brar
y pr
ovid
es
pare
nts
with
boo
k;, p
am-
phle
t's, a
nd v
ideo
s on
d m
yri
ad o
f top
ics
such
cis
com
mun
icat
ion,
and
Con
flict
res
olut
ion
tors
of v
iole
nce.
It a
ddre
sses
the
prob
lem
of e
xpre
ssiv
evi
olen
ce, w
hich
invo
lves
alo
ss o
f con
trol
am
ong
fam
ily,
frie
nds,
and
acq
uain
tanc
es,
and
repr
esen
ts th
e gr
eate
stth
reat
to a
dole
scen
ts.
Alth
ough
dev
elop
ed w
ithse
nsiti
vity
to th
e ne
eds
ofB
lack
you
th, t
he te
chni
ques
used
in th
e pr
ogra
m a
reap
plic
able
to, a
nd a
re fr
e-
Dur
ing
the
first
six
mon
ths
of th
e pr
ogra
m, t
here
was
a
14 p
erce
nt d
ecre
ase
in s
us-
pens
ions
at s
choo
l. T
each
ers
and
stud
ents
als
o re
port
ed
feel
ing
safe
r si
nce
the
pro-
gram
beg
an. A
lmos
t tw
o-
third
s of
teac
hers
sur
veye
d in
1997
felt
safe
r in
or
near
thei
r sc
hool
than
they
did
the
prev
ious
yea
r; a
nd 8
3 "p
er-
,
cent
indi
cate
d th
at th
e pr
o-
gram
mad
e a
diffe
renc
e in
mai
ntai
ning
or
redu
cing
con
-
flict
s at
sch
ool.
Sim
ilarly
, 70
perc
ent o
f stu
deni
s w
ho h
ad
used
the
peer
med
iatio
n
prog
ram
sai
d th
at th
e sc
hool
clim
ate
at O
tto h
ad
impr
oved
.
quen
tly u
sed
with
, mul
ti-et
hnic
gro
ups.
PA
CT
prim
arily
targ
ets
high
-ris
k yo
uth
betw
een
the
ages
of 1
2 an
d 16
who
are
sel
ect-
ed b
y te
ache
rs o
n th
e ba
sis
ofsk
ill d
efic
ienc
ies
in r
elat
ing
tope
ers,
beh
avio
r pr
oble
ms
(par
ticul
arly
agg
ress
ion)
,an
d/or
a h
isto
ry o
f vio
lenc
e,vi
ctim
izat
ion,
or
expo
sure
tovi
olen
ce. P
AC
T h
elps
ado
les-
cent
s le
arn
mor
e ap
prop
riate
and
soci
ally
effe
ctiv
e w
ays
ofin
tera
ctin
g w
ith o
ther
s, h
owto
rec
ogni
ze a
nd c
ontr
olan
gry
emot
ions
that
can
inte
rfer
e w
ith v
erba
l res
olu-
tions
to c
onfli
ct, a
nd h
ow to
unde
rsta
nd a
nd a
void
the
risk
of v
iole
nce.
Tra
inin
gta
kes
plac
e in
gro
ups
of n
om
ore
than
10,
teac
hing
ski
llsth
at in
clud
e gi
ving
con
stru
c-tiv
e cr
itici
sm (
expr
essi
ng c
rit-
icis
m o
r di
sple
asur
e ca
lmly
),re
ceiv
ing
nega
tive
feed
back
(rea
ctin
g ap
prop
riate
ly to
the
criti
cism
and
ang
er o
fot
hers
), a
nd n
egot
iatin
g(id
entif
ying
pro
blem
s an
dpo
tent
ial s
olut
ions
and
lear
n-in
g to
com
prom
ise)
.
The
cur
ricul
um fe
atur
esle
sson
s on
e or
two
times
per
wee
k fo
r 19
wee
ks. S
tude
nts
rece
ivin
g in
stru
ctio
n re
duce
d
102:
antis
ocia
l and
vio
lent
beh
av-
iors
by
38 p
erce
nt r
elat
ive
toa
com
paris
on g
roup
.
Con
tact
:B
etty
R. Y
ung,
Ph.
D.
Sch
ool o
f Pro
fess
iona
lP
sych
olog
y
Wrig
ht S
tate
Uni
vers
ityE
llis
Hum
an D
evel
opm
ent
Inst
itute
9 N
. Edw
in C
. Mos
esB
oule
vard
Day
ton,
OH
454
07T
el: (
937)
775
-430
0F
ax: (
937)
775
-432
3E
-mai
l:be
tty.y
ung@
wrig
ht.e
du
Ord
erin
g In
form
atio
n:R
esea
rch
Pre
ss26
12 N
orth
Mat
tis A
venu
eC
ham
paig
n, IL
618
22-1
053
Tel
: (80
0) 5
19-2
707
Fax
: (21
7) 3
52-1
221
E-m
ail:
rp@
rese
arch
pres
s.co
mw
ww
.res
earc
hpre
ss.c
om
TE
AC
HIN
G S
TU
DE
NT
S T
OB
E P
EA
CE
MA
KE
RS
Tea
chin
g S
tude
nts
to B
e
Pea
cem
aker
s is
a r
esou
rce
that
sho
ws
teac
hers
how
they
can
enco
urag
e st
uden
ts to
reso
lve
disa
gree
men
ts p
eace
-
fully
. A b
ook
of th
e sa
me
nam
e co
ntai
ns m
any
prac
tical
stra
tegi
es a
s w
ell a
s sp
ecifi
csu
gges
tions
to te
ach
conf
lict
reso
lutio
n pr
oced
ures
and
skill
s to
stu
dent
s.
Dur
ing
the
trai
ning
pro
gram
,pa
rtic
ipan
ts le
arn
how
toes
tabl
ish
a pe
er m
edia
tion
prog
ram
as
a cl
assr
oom
and
scho
ol d
isci
plin
e pr
ogra
m.
Stu
dent
s ar
e ta
ught
wha
t is
and
is n
ot a
Con
flict
, how
tone
gotia
te in
tegr
ativ
e ag
ree-
men
ts, a
nd h
ow to
med
iate
scho
olm
ates
' con
flict
s. T
hepe
er m
edia
tion
prog
ram
ises
tabl
ishe
d an
d th
e ro
le o
fm
edia
tor
is r
otat
ed s
o th
atev
ery
stud
ent s
erve
s as
med
i-
ator
for
an e
qual
am
ount
of
time.
Par
ticip
ants
lear
n ho
wto
app
ly th
e co
nflic
t res
olu-
tion
trai
ning
in d
iffer
ent s
ub-
ject
are
as.
Stu
dent
s ar
e gi
ven
a co
py o
fM
y M
edia
tion
Not
eboo
k,w
hich
con
tain
s le
sson
s fr
omT
each
ing
Stud
ents
to B
ePe
acem
aker
s.T
he p
rogr
amco
nsis
ts o
f coo
pera
tive
lear
n-in
g pr
oced
ures
, suc
h as
pro
-ce
dura
l lea
rnin
g, r
ole-
play
-in
g, d
rill a
nd r
evie
w e
xerc
is-
es, a
nd s
mal
l gro
up d
iscu
s-si
ons.
The
stu
dent
s ar
e ta
ught
a ne
gotia
tion
proc
edur
e co
n-si
stin
g of
six
ste
ps: (
1)de
scrib
ing
wha
t you
wan
t,(2
) de
scrib
ing
how
you
feel
,(3
) ex
plai
ning
the
reas
ons
103
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 43
""-e
---
'
--
me
--
D
Sou
thea
st A
lask
a, w
here
June
au is
the
hub
city
, has
-Lt:
the
high
est r
ate
of b
inge
f,- d
rinki
ng in
the
stat
e an
d th
e
high
est a
lcoh
olis
m r
ate
per
capi
ta in
the
natio
n. In
7.",
. 199
6, A
lask
an e
duca
tors
and
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs,
June
au r
epre
sent
ativ
es
amon
g th
em, w
ere
desi
gnat
-
ed to
dev
elop
"H
ealth
y Li
fe
Ski
lls S
tand
ards
for
all
Ala
skan
Stu
dent
s."
The
y
iden
tifie
d an
epi
dem
ic o
f
adol
esce
nt p
erso
nal a
nd
soci
al ir
resp
onsi
bilit
y as
the
mos
t pre
ssin
g pr
oble
m
invo
lvin
g yo
uth.
Hig
h ra
tes
of d
rug
and
alco
hol u
se,
teen
pre
gnan
cy, a
nd s
uici
de
wer
e ev
iden
t. R
esul
ts fr
om
the
mos
t rec
ent Y
outh
Ris
k
Beh
avio
r S
urve
y co
nduc
ted
in J
unea
u in
dica
ted
that
79
perc
ent o
f hig
h sc
hool
stu
-
dent
s ha
ve c
onsu
med
alc
o-
hol o
n on
e or
mor
e da
ys in
thei
r lif
etim
e.
In r
espo
nse,
Jun
eau-
Dou
glas
Hig
h S
choo
l has
adop
ted
the
"Stu
dent
s fo
r
O.
A
:1i
!OA
.-
04
III
3
Soc
ial R
espo
nsib
ility
and
Med
iatio
n" (
SS
RM
) pr
ogra
m.
The
pro
gram
's m
ain
focu
s is
on p
eer
empo
wer
men
t and
pers
onal
and
soc
ial s
kills
deliv
ered
thro
ugh
peer
edu
-
catio
n an
d m
ento
ring,
exp
e-
rient
ial l
earn
ing,
ret
reat
s,
and
a "t
each
er a
s re
spec
tful
coac
h" a
ppro
ach
to in
stru
c-
tion.
The
SS
RM
pro
gram
wor
ks in
clo
se c
oope
ratio
n
with
oth
er p
reve
ntio
n pl
ay-
ers,
am
ong
them
the
June
au-
Dou
glas
Hig
h S
choo
l Stu
dent
Ass
ista
nce
Pro
gram
, the
Pol
ice
Offi
cer
in th
e S
choo
ls
Pro
gram
, the
May
or's
Tas
k
For
ce o
n Y
outh
, a lo
cal i
nter
-
agen
cy te
am, t
he J
unea
u
Car
eer
Cen
ter,
the
Tee
n
Hea
lth C
ente
r, th
e T
een
Cou
rt, a
nd 1
1 ot
her
com
mu-
nity
age
ncie
s.
The
ove
rall
goal
of t
he
SS
RM
pro
gram
in th
e Ju
neau
Sch
ool D
istr
ict i
s to
cre
ate
dyna
mic
sch
ool-b
ased
cor
n-
mun
ities
that
cha
lleng
e an
d
supp
ort e
ach
stud
ent t
o
dem
onst
rate
res
pons
ible
beha
vior
, bot
h pe
rson
ally
and
soci
ally
. Stu
dent
s ar
e
taug
ht e
mpo
wer
men
t thr
ough
assu
min
g re
al li
fe r
oles
role
s of
res
pons
ibili
ty, c
ar-
ing,
and
aut
horit
y.
As
a re
sult
of th
ese
effo
rts,
June
au-D
ougl
as h
as d
ocu-
men
ted
a si
gnifi
cant
decr
ease
in s
tude
nt v
iole
nce
as w
ell a
s an
ove
rall
redu
c-
tion
in d
rug
use.
Not
onl
y
have
sus
pens
ions
dec
reas
ed
from
199
7 to
199
8, b
ut
ther
e ha
s al
so b
een
a sh
ift in
the
reas
ons
for
susp
ensi
on.
Pre
viou
sly,
the
mai
n re
ason
cite
d fo
r m
ale
susp
ensi
on
was
pos
sess
ion
of c
ontr
olle
d
subs
tanc
es. I
n 19
98, t
he p
ri-
mar
y re
ason
for
susp
ensi
on
was
failu
re to
ser
ve d
eten
-
tion.
Sus
pens
ions
for
fem
ale
stud
ents
cha
nged
sim
ilarly
,
with
the
mai
n re
ason
for
sus-
pens
ion
bein
g as
saul
t in
1997
. In
1998
, the
prim
ary
reas
on fo
r su
spen
sion
was
failu
re to
ser
ve d
eten
tion.
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
I 0
unde
rlyi
ng th
ose
wan
ts a
ndfe
elin
gs, (
4) r
ever
sing
per
-sp
ectiv
es, (
5) in
vent
ing
optio
nal a
gree
men
ts f
orm
utua
l gai
n, a
nd (
6) r
each
ing
an in
tegr
ativ
e ag
reem
ent.
The
stud
ents
are
als
o ta
ught
afo
ur-s
tep
med
iatio
n pr
oce-
dure
: (1)
end
ing
host
ility
, (2)
ensu
ring
com
mitm
ent t
om
edia
tion,
(3)
fac
ilita
ting
nego
tiatio
ns, a
nd (
4) f
orm
al-
izin
g th
e ag
reem
ent.
Eva
luat
ors
obse
rved
a 6
3pe
rcen
t red
uctio
n in
ant
iso-
cial
and
vio
lent
beh
avio
rs in
stud
ents
who
par
ticip
ated
inth
e pr
ogra
m, r
elat
ive
to s
tu-
dent
s w
ho d
id n
ot p
artic
ipat
e.
Con
tact
:L
inda
Joh
nson
Inte
ract
ion
Boo
k C
ompa
ny72
08 C
orne
lia D
rive
Edi
na, M
N 5
5435
Tel
: (61
2) 8
31-7
060
Fax:
(61
2) 8
31-9
332
TH
INK
FIR
ST
The
Thi
nk F
irst
Pro
gram
isan
ang
er a
nd a
ggre
ssio
n m
an-
agem
ent t
rain
ing
for
sec-
onda
ry le
vel s
tude
nts.
The
prog
ram
trai
ns s
tude
nts
inan
ger-
cont
rol a
nd p
robl
em-
solv
ing
skill
s th
roug
h ex
ten-
sive
use
of
role
-pla
ying
and
mod
elin
g te
chni
ques
. Are
war
d sy
stem
is u
sed
to p
ro-
mot
e at
tend
ance
and
com
ple-
106
tion
of h
omew
ork
assi
gn-
men
ts. T
he p
rogr
am c
onta
ins
ten
50-m
inut
e cu
rric
ular
ses
-si
ons
desi
gned
to b
e sp
read
over
a m
inim
um o
f 12
wee
ks.
Thi
nk F
irst
pla
ces
excl
usiv
eem
phas
is o
n th
e m
anag
emen
tof
sch
ool-
rela
ted
ange
r an
dag
gres
sion
. Vid
eo e
xam
ples
prod
uced
in a
larg
e ur
ban
high
sch
ool s
how
typi
cal
clas
sroo
m a
nd h
allw
ayen
coun
ters
invo
lvin
g st
uden
tto
stu
dent
and
stu
dent
tote
ache
r.
The
pro
gram
was
eva
luat
edw
ith a
gro
up o
f 47
mid
dle
scho
ol s
tude
nts
from
an
urba
n se
tting
. Pro
gram
part
icip
ants
had
a 2
9 pe
rcen
tgr
eate
r su
cces
s ra
te th
anno
npar
ticip
ants
in s
elf-
repo
rted
agg
ress
ion
and
a 5
perc
ent g
reat
er s
ucce
ss r
ate
in te
ache
r-re
port
ed a
ggre
ssiv
ebe
havi
or. A
sig
nifi
cant
diff
eren
ce w
as a
lso
foun
d in
num
ber
of o
ffic
e re
ferr
als
for
disc
iplin
ary
prob
lem
s.
Con
tact
:Ji
m L
arso
n, P
h.D
.C
oord
inat
or, S
choo
lPs
ycho
logy
Pro
gram
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ps
ycho
logy
Uni
vers
ity o
f W
isco
nsin
-W
hite
wat
erW
hite
wat
er, W
I 53
190
Tel
: (41
4) 4
72-5
412
Fax:
(41
4) 4
72-1
863
VIO
LE
NC
E P
RE
VE
NT
ION
CU
RR
ICU
LU
M F
OR
AD
OL
ESC
EN
TS
The
Vio
lenc
e Pr
even
tion
Cur
ricu
lum
for
Ado
lesc
ents
can
be u
sed
indi
vidu
ally
or
inco
njun
ctio
n w
ith th
e T
eena
geH
ealth
Tea
chin
g M
odul
es, a
com
preh
ensi
ve h
ealth
cur
-ri
culu
m. (
See
Subs
tanc
e U
sePr
even
tion
Prog
ram
s be
low
.)
Tar
gete
d to
gra
des
9 an
d 10
,st
uden
ts e
xplo
re th
e na
ture
of in
terp
erso
nal v
iole
nce
and
cons
ider
way
s to
pre
vent
it.
The
cla
ss d
iscu
sses
hom
icid
est
atis
tics
and
char
acte
rist
ics,
then
con
side
rs th
e m
ajor
ris
kfa
ctor
s fo
r vi
olen
ce: a
lcoh
olan
d ot
her
drug
s, w
eapo
ns,
and
pove
rty.
Stu
dent
s ex
am-
ine
the
caus
es o
f an
ger
and
heal
thy
and
unhe
alth
y w
ays
to e
xpre
ss it
. Nex
t, th
ey a
na-
lyze
the
posi
tive
and
nega
tive
resu
lts o
f fi
ghtin
g an
d ro
le-
play
wha
t hap
pens
bef
ore,
duri
ng, a
nd a
fter
a f
ight
,le
arni
ng th
at th
e lo
nger
they
allo
w a
n al
terc
atio
n to
dev
el-
op, t
he h
arde
r it
is to
sto
p.Fi
nally
, the
y di
scus
s st
rate
gies
for
prev
entin
g fi
ghts
and
prac
tice
nonv
iole
nt a
ltern
a-tiv
es to
fig
htin
g.
The
sam
ple
of s
tude
nts
inbo
th u
rban
and
rur
al s
ettin
gsre
ceiv
ed th
e cu
rric
ulum
one
to f
our
times
per
wee
k.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Aft
er th
e pr
ogra
m, t
hey
exhi
bite
d a
redu
ctio
n in
ant
i-so
cial
and
vio
lent
beh
avio
rsof
25
perc
ent r
elat
ive
to a
com
pari
son
grou
p.
Con
tact
:E
duca
tion
Dev
elop
men
tC
ente
r, I
nc.
55 C
hape
l Str
eet
New
ton,
MA
024
58-1
060
Tel
: (80
0) 2
25-4
276
ww
w.e
dc.o
rg
SU
BS
TA
NC
E U
SE
PR
EV
EN
TIO
N P
RO
GR
AM
S
AD
OL
ESC
EN
TS
LE
AR
NIN
GPO
SIT
IVE
HE
AL
TH
AL
TE
RN
AT
IVE
IN
ITIA
TIV
E
The
Ado
lesc
ents
Lea
rnin
gPo
sitiv
e H
ealth
Alte
rnat
ive
(AL
PHA
) In
itiat
ive
is a
pee
r-le
d su
bsta
nce
use
prev
entio
npr
ogra
m th
at e
nlis
ts s
ocia
llypr
omin
ent,
drug
-fre
e 11
than
d 12
th g
rade
you
th to
intr
oduc
e co
mm
unic
atio
nte
chni
ques
, ref
usal
ski
lls,
asse
rtiv
enes
s sk
ills,
and
deci
sion
-mak
ing
skill
s to
7th
,8t
h, a
nd 9
th g
rade
you
th.
Peer
lead
ers
are
sele
cted
by
the
stud
ent b
ody,
fac
ulty
,an
d sc
hool
adm
inis
trat
ors
and
are
trai
ned
in c
lass
room
man
agem
ent a
nd g
roup
faci
litat
ion.
A te
am o
f tw
o or
thre
e pe
erle
ader
s im
plem
ents
the
pro-
gram
in ju
nior
hig
h or
mid
dle
scho
ol c
lass
room
s w
ithou
tte
ache
rs p
rese
nt. A
LPH
Ate
ams
are
supe
rvis
ed b
y an
in-s
choo
l spo
nsor
who
ove
r-se
es th
e pr
ogra
m. T
he c
ur-
ricu
lum
con
sist
s of
12
ses-
sion
s ad
min
iste
red
in 1
2w
eekl
y se
ssio
ns. E
ach
sess
ion
has
clea
r le
arni
ng o
bjec
tives
,a
trai
ning
pro
toco
l, an
dcl
ass-
room
act
iviti
es a
ndin
corp
orat
es b
oth
cogn
itive
and
affe
ctiv
e ex
peri
ence
s.T
he c
urri
culu
m c
onte
ntst
rive
s to
cha
nge
stud
ent
perc
eptio
ns th
at d
rug
use
is e
xpec
ted
to th
e no
tion
that
dru
g us
e is
soc
ially
unac
cept
able
.
Eva
luat
ion
resu
lts o
f 9t
hgr
ade
AL
PHA
Ini
tiativ
epa
rtic
ipan
ts in
a r
ural
sch
ool
envi
ronm
ent s
how
ed a
subs
tanc
e us
e pr
eval
ence
rat
eth
at w
as 1
4 pe
rcen
t low
erth
an th
e no
npro
gram
you
th.
The
se r
esul
ts w
ere
mai
n-ta
ined
for
a y
ear.
Con
tact
:Pa
m S
treu
ter
Subs
tanc
e A
buse
Div
isio
nFr
ankl
in W
illia
mso
n H
uman
Serv
ices
, Inc
.13
07 W
est M
ain
P.O
. Box
365
Mar
ion,
IL
629
59T
el: (
618)
997
-533
6,ex
t. 61
11Fa
x: (
618)
993
-296
9
107
A C
AL
L. S
TA
RS
PRO
GR
AM
The
All
Star
s Pr
ogra
m ta
rget
sfa
ctor
s be
lieve
d to
infl
uenc
ehi
gh-r
isk
beha
vior
s in
ear
lyad
oles
cenc
e. I
t is
desi
gned
topr
omot
e po
sitiv
e ch
arac
ter
deve
lopm
ent,
whi
le d
eter
ring
the
onse
t of
nega
tive
beha
v-io
rs. T
he c
ore
prog
ram
invo
lves
14,
45-
min
ute
clas
s-ro
om s
essi
ons,
with
sup
ple-
men
tal h
ome-
base
d co
mpo
-ne
nts.
An
eigh
t-se
ssio
n bo
ost-
er p
rogr
am is
als
o av
aila
ble.
Stud
ents
are
taug
ht th
at h
igh-
risk
beh
avio
rs in
terf
ere
with
thei
r de
sire
d lif
esty
le. T
hein
tera
ctiv
e cu
rric
ulum
use
sga
mes
, deb
ates
, pro
ject
s,ta
ped
perf
orm
ance
s, a
ndac
tive
disc
ussi
ons
to p
rom
ote
the
stud
ent's
com
mitm
ent t
oav
oidi
ng h
igh-
risk
beh
avio
rs,
10 8
..
46A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
teac
hing
idea
ls in
com
patib
lew
ith h
igh-
risk
beh
avio
r, a
ndin
crea
sing
stu
dent
s' a
war
e-ne
ss o
f th
e pr
eval
ence
and
acce
ptab
ility
of
high
-ris
kbe
havi
or a
mon
g th
eir
peer
s.
The
eva
luat
ed s
ampl
e of
All
Star
s in
clud
ed 7
th g
rade
stud
ents
in a
sm
all,
mul
tieth
-ni
c N
orth
Car
olin
a to
wn
that
con
sist
s of
mai
nly
blue
colla
r an
d m
id-l
evel
,pr
ofes
sion
al h
ouse
hold
s.T
he 7
th g
rade
pro
gram
yout
h ha
d a
prev
alen
ce r
ate
that
was
8 p
erce
nt lo
wer
for
the
use
of a
lcoh
ol, t
obac
co,
mar
ijuan
a, a
nd h
ard
drug
sth
an n
on-p
rogr
am y
outh
.
Con
tact
:W
illia
m H
anse
nK
athl
een
Nel
son-
Sim
ley
Tan
glew
ood
Res
earc
h, I
nc.
P.O
. Box
177
2
Cle
mm
ons,
NC
270
12-1
772
Tel
: (80
0) 8
26-4
539
Fax:
(33
6) 7
78-0
443
E-m
ail:
billh
anse
n@ta
ngle
woo
d.ne
tE
-mai
l: ks
2172
7@na
vix.
net
ww
w.ta
ngle
woo
d.ne
t
GR
OW
iNG
HE
AL
TH
Y
Gro
win
g H
ealth
y, a
com
pre-
hens
ive,
sch
ool h
ealth
edu
ca-
tion
curr
icul
um f
or K
-6 s
tu-
dent
s, is
des
igne
d to
pro
mot
ehe
alth
y be
havi
ors
thro
ugh
know
ledg
e an
d sk
ills-
build
-in
g. T
he p
rogr
am is
bui
lt on
the
prem
ise
that
chi
ldre
nw
ho u
nder
stan
d ho
w th
eir
bodi
es w
ork,
how
cer
tain
beha
vior
s af
fect
hea
lth, a
ndw
ho a
re a
dequ
atel
y eq
uipp
edw
ith s
peci
fic
deci
sion
-mak
ing
skill
s w
ill b
e ab
le to
res
ist
soci
al p
ress
ures
to e
ngag
e in
high
-ris
k be
havi
ors
such
as
usin
g al
coho
l, to
bacc
o, a
ndot
her
drug
s.
Gro
win
g H
ealth
y pr
ovid
es50
hou
rs o
f cl
assr
oom
inst
ruct
ion
in a
ser
ies
ofap
prox
imat
ely
50 s
eque
ntia
lle
sson
s at
eac
h gr
ade
leve
l.T
en h
ealth
con
tent
are
as a
read
dres
sed
year
ly a
nd in
clud
egr
owth
and
dev
elop
men
t,m
enta
l and
em
otio
nal h
ealth
,pe
rson
al h
ealth
, fam
ily li
fean
d he
alth
, nut
ritio
n, d
isea
sepr
even
tion
and
cont
rol,
safe
ty a
nd f
irst
aid
, con
sum
erhe
alth
, sub
stan
ce u
se a
ndab
use,
and
com
mun
ity a
nden
viro
nmen
tal h
ealth
man
agem
ent.
Mat
eria
ls a
re g
rade
-spe
cifi
can
d in
clud
e cu
rric
ulum
guid
es, p
erip
hera
l mat
eria
ls(e
.g.,
book
s, v
ideo
s, m
odel
s,ga
mes
, and
sof
twar
e), t
each
er
mat
eria
ls(e
.g.,
char
ts,
post
ers,
act
ivity
car
ds),
and
stud
ent h
ando
uts.
Com
plet
eim
plem
enta
tion
is n
eces
sary
,as
the
curr
icul
um b
uild
sup
on p
revi
ousl
y le
arne
dkn
owle
dge
and
skill
s.
The
eva
luat
ed s
ampl
e in
clud
-ed
sub
urba
n st
uden
ts in
grad
es 4
thro
ugh
6. T
he 5
than
d 6t
h gr
ade
prog
ram
you
thha
d a
prev
alen
ce r
ate
that
was
15
perc
ent l
ower
for
use
of a
lcoh
ol a
nd to
bacc
o th
anno
n-pr
ogra
m y
outh
.
Con
tact
:N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r H
ealth
Edu
catio
n72
Spr
ing
Stre
et, S
uite
208
New
Yor
k, N
Y 1
0012
-401
9T
el: (
212)
334
-947
0, e
xt. 2
7Fa
x: (
212)
334
-984
5E
-mai
l: nc
he@
nche
.org
ww
w.n
che.
org
Gon
zalo
Gar
za I
ndep
ende
nce
Hig
hSc
hool
stu
dent
Chr
isto
pher
Bra
dsha
wce
lebr
ates
his
gra
duat
ion
with
stu
-de
nts
and
facu
lty.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
109
Gon
zalo
Gar
za in
depe
n-
denc
e H
igh
Sch
ool i
s a
scho
ol o
f cho
ice
avai
labl
e to
high
sch
ool s
tude
nts
thro
ugh-
out A
ustin
who
wis
h to
ear
n
thei
r hi
gh s
choo
l dip
lom
a.
It w
as d
esig
ned
to r
emov
e
the
trad
ition
al b
arrie
rs o
f a
typi
cal h
igh
scho
ol, u
tiliz
ing
best
pra
ctic
es a
nd th
e m
ost
curr
ent r
esea
rch.
Gar
za
exem
plifi
es e
xcel
lenc
e an
d
equi
ty fo
r al
l its
stu
dent
s
thro
ugh
an in
divi
dual
ized
,
chal
leng
ing,
and
acc
eler
ated
educ
atio
n th
at r
eeng
ages
youn
g pe
ople
in le
arni
ng
and
rest
ores
con
fiden
ce in
thei
r ta
lent
s an
d ab
ilitie
S.
Abo
ve a
ll, G
arza
str
ives
for
Gon
zalo
4G
ctrz
aO
nciii
iend
lenc
e H
igh
Sth
cool
Aus
tin, T
exas
Hig
h S
choo
l, G
rade
s 9-
12U
rban
Sch
ool S
afet
y F
ocus
:
Sm
all,
Car
ing
Sch
ool E
nviro
nmen
t.
Indi
vidu
aliz
ed In
stru
ctio
n
a se
nse
of c
omm
unity
, col
lab-
orat
ion,
car
ing,
and
em
pow
-
erm
ent i
n a
drug
-fre
e, s
afe
envi
ronm
ent.
.
A s
mal
l sch
ool o
f 300
stud
ents
, Gar
za is
des
igne
d
to b
e an
alte
rnat
ive
to th
e
trad
ition
al h
igh
scho
ol fo
r.
stud
ents
who
may
not
hav
e
had
succ
essf
ul e
duca
tiona
l
expe
rienc
es in
the
past
.
Stu
dent
s ap
ply
to G
arza
and
are
adm
itted
bas
ed o
n
thei
r de
sire
to s
ucce
ed.
Fou
rtee
n pe
rcen
t of s
tude
nts
at G
arza
are
rec
over
ed
drop
outs
who
wer
e no
t in
scho
ol im
med
iate
ly p
rior
to e
nrol
ling
at G
cirz
ci. T
he
rem
aini
ng s
tude
nts
wer
e pr
e-
11
Con
tact
Vic
ki.B
aldw
in, p
rinci
pal
Gon
zalo
Gar
za In
depe
nden
ceH
igh
Sch
ool
1600
Chi
con
Str
eet
Aus
tin, T
X 7
8702
-123
0
(512
) 41
4-86
00 (
phon
e)(5
12)
414-
8610
(fa
x)
ww
w.a
ustin
.isd.
tene
t.edu
/ca
mpu
ses/
scho
ols/
hs/g
arza
viou
sly
enro
lled
in o
ne o
f the
ten
othe
r A
ustin
hig
h sc
hool
s.
Gar
za's
em
phas
iS o
n in
di-
vidu
aliz
ing
inst
ruct
ion
in a
n
atm
osph
ere
of tr
ust a
nd
resp
ect h
as m
et w
ith s
ucce
ss.
In it
s fir
st 2
3 w
eeks
of o
pera
-
tion,
49
stud
ents
met
gra
dua-
tion
requ
irem
ents
. Dur
ing
the
1998
-99
scho
ol y
ear,
119
stud
ents
met
gra
duat
ion
requ
irem
ents
, mor
e th
an d
ou-
blin
g th
e nu
mbe
r of
stu
dent
s
from
the
prev
ious
sem
este
r.
Stu
dent
s be
nefit
from
an
inno
-
vativ
e in
terd
isci
plin
ary
cur-
ricul
um th
at in
tegr
ates
cf?
ade-
mic
con
tent
with
car
eer
deve
lopm
ent a
nd p
roje
ct-
base
d le
arni
ng, a
llow
ing
stu-
dent
s to
dev
elop
hig
h-le
vel
skill
s in
a r
eal -
wor
ld
Stc
inde
rds
and
expe
ctat
ions
are
high
for
all s
tude
nts
as
they
mas
ter
the
curr
icul
um
and
mee
t all
loca
l and
sta
te
grad
uatio
n re
quire
men
ts.
Inde
ed, m
any
stud
ents
gra
du-
ate
with
hon
ors
in a
n ad
van-
ced
plan
whi
le o
ther
s ar
e cu
r-
rent
ly d
ual-e
nrol
led
in c
olle
ge
cour
ses.
Fur
ther
, stu
dent
s
lear
n th
e va
lue
of c
omm
unity
and
civi
c re
spon
sibi
lity
by
com
plet
ing
com
mun
ity s
ervi
ce
proj
ects
in w
hich
they
giv
e at
leas
t 20
hour
s of
ser
vice
.
Gar
za's
div
erse
eth
nic
and
soci
o-ec
onom
ic p
opul
atio
n,
how
ever
, is
not i
mm
une
to th
e
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
effe
cts
of v
iole
nce
and
drug
i.
In F
ebru
ary
1999
, a S
tude
nt
was
lost
to a
dru
g ov
erdo
se
afte
r 0
long
bat
tle in
and
out
of r
ehab
ilita
tion.
And
, jus
t
days
bef
ore
the
scho
ol s
hoot
-
ings
in C
olor
ado,
two
Gar
za
stud
ents
die
d in
par
ticul
arly
sad
circ
umst
ance
s: O
ne c
orn-
-
mitt
ed s
uici
de, a
nd th
e ot
her
was
mur
dere
d. H
owev
er,
whi
le G
arza
stu
dent
s en
coun
t-
er v
iole
nce
in a
ver
y re
al a
nd
frig
hten
ing
way
out
side
of
scho
ol, t
hey
have
yet
to e
xpe-
rienc
e it
in s
choo
l. S
ince
its
open
ing
in J
anua
ry 1
998,
Gar
za h
as n
ot s
een
a si
ngle
act o
f vio
lenc
e, a
ny w
eapo
ns,
or in
cide
nts
of g
raffi
ti.
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 4
7
48 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
At G
onza
lo G
arza
Ind
epen
denc
eH
igh
Scho
ol, a
"G
radu
ate
inR
esid
ence
" sh
ares
her
exc
item
ent
abou
t her
col
lege
enr
ollm
ent w
ithPr
inci
pal B
aldw
in
KN
OW
YO
UR
BO
DY
Kno
w Y
our
Bod
y (K
YB
) is
an
inno
vativ
e, c
ompr
ehen
sive
,sk
ills-
base
d he
alth
edu
catio
npr
ogra
m f
or c
hild
ren
ingr
ades
K-6
. KY
B a
ims
to p
ro-
vide
you
ng p
eopl
e w
ith th
ekn
owle
dge,
atti
tude
s, s
kills
,an
d ex
peri
ence
nec
essa
ry to
prac
tice
heal
th b
ehav
iors
.K
YB
inst
ills
with
in c
hild
ren
abe
lief
that
they
are
res
pons
i-bl
e fo
r th
eir
own
thou
ghts
,fe
elin
gs, a
nd a
ctio
ns to
mai
n-ta
in a
hea
lthy
lifes
tyle
.
The
KY
B c
urri
culu
m c
om-
bine
s de
velo
pmen
tally
app
ro-
pria
te h
ealth
inst
ruct
ion,
as
wel
l as
cogn
itive
and
beh
av-
iora
l ski
lls b
uild
ing,
toad
dres
s a
wid
e ra
nge
ofhe
alth
and
soc
ial i
ssue
-rel
ated
topi
cs. A
t the
beg
inni
ng o
fea
ch g
rade
leve
l, a
skill
-bu
ilder
uni
t pro
mot
es th
ede
velo
pmen
t of
self
-est
eem
,go
al-s
ettin
g, d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing,
com
mun
icat
ion,
ass
ertiv
e-ne
ss, a
nd s
tres
s m
anag
emen
t.A
ll st
uden
t act
iviti
es a
real
igne
d to
one
or
mor
e of
the
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth E
duca
tion
Stan
dard
s an
d th
e N
ewSt
anda
rds
Prim
ary
Lite
racy
113
Stan
dard
s fo
r th
e E
nglis
hL
angu
age
Art
s. T
he p
rogr
amal
so in
clud
es p
erfo
rman
ceas
sess
men
ts, w
orks
hops
,br
ochu
res,
and
a s
tron
g pa
r-en
t and
com
mun
ity c
ompo
-ne
nt. K
YB
can
eas
ily b
e in
te-
grat
ed in
to th
e fo
llow
ing
pro-
gram
s in
typi
cal s
choo
ls: s
ci-
ence
, mat
h, s
ocia
l stu
dies
,la
ngua
ge a
rts,
and
phy
sica
led
ucat
ion.
In m
ost s
choo
ls, K
YB
ista
ught
by
the
clas
sroo
m g
en-
eral
ist.
It is
rec
omm
ende
dth
at th
e K
YB
cur
ricu
lum
be
prec
eded
by
a te
ache
r tr
ain-
ing
sess
ion.
The
KY
B te
ache
rtr
aini
ng is
indi
vidu
ally
tai-
lore
d to
mee
t the
spe
cifi
cne
eds
of th
e sc
hool
, dis
tric
t,an
d co
mm
unity
.
The
cur
ricu
lum
is m
ultie
thni
can
d ha
s be
en tr
ansl
ated
into
seve
n" la
ngua
ges.
To
com
plet
eth
e co
re le
sson
s of
the
cur-
ricu
lum
, app
roxi
mat
ely
35ho
urs
of c
lass
room
inst
ruct
ion
are
requ
ired
per
yea
r. T
hepr
ogra
m w
as e
valu
ated
for
asa
mpl
e of
Bla
ck a
nd W
hite
stud
ents
in a
n ur
ban
setti
ng.
The
5th
and
6th
gra
de p
ro-
gram
you
th h
ad a
pre
vale
nce
rate
for
toba
cco
that
was
23
perc
ent l
ower
than
non
pro-
gram
you
th.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Con
tact
:A
mer
ican
Hea
lth F
ound
atio
n67
5 3r
d A
venu
e, 1
1th
Floo
rN
ew Y
ork,
NY
100
17T
el: (
212)
551
-250
9Fa
x: (
212)
697
-437
4E
-mai
l: K
YB
prog
ram
@ao
l.com
ww
w.a
hf.o
rg
LIF
E S
KIL
LS
TR
AIN
ING
The
Lif
e Sk
ills
Tra
inin
g (L
ST)
prog
ram
is d
esig
ned
to p
re-
vent
toba
cco,
alc
ohol
, and
othe
r dr
ug u
se b
y pr
ovid
ing
mid
dle
scho
ol s
tude
nts
with
the
mot
ivat
ion
and
skill
s ne
c-es
sary
to r
esis
t pee
r an
dm
edia
pre
ssur
e to
use
dru
gs.
LST
is a
thre
e-ye
ar s
eque
ntia
lcu
rric
ulum
. The
fir
st y
ear
cons
ists
of
15 c
lass
per
iods
in th
e 6t
h or
7th
gra
de f
ol-
low
ed b
y a
two-
year
boo
ster
com
pone
nt o
f 10
cla
ss p
eri-
ods
in th
e se
cond
yea
r an
dfi
ve c
lass
per
iods
in th
e th
ird.
The
cor
e cu
rric
ulum
foc
uses
on p
rovi
ding
pre
vent
ion-
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion,
pro
mot
-in
g an
tidru
g no
rms,
teac
hing
drug
-ref
usal
ski
lls, a
nd f
acili
-ta
ting
the
deve
lopm
ent o
fse
lf-m
anag
emen
t and
gen
eral
soci
al s
kills
.
LST
has
bee
n te
sted
with
aw
ide
rang
e of
ado
lesc
ents
and
has
been
sho
wn
to b
eef
fect
ive
amon
g W
hite
, Bla
ck,
and
Lat
ino
yout
hs, b
oth
mal
ean
d fe
mal
e, in
urb
an, s
ubur
-
ban,
and
rur
al e
nvir
onm
ents
.T
he 7
th g
rade
pro
gram
you
thha
d a
prev
alen
ce r
ate
for
use
of a
lcoh
ol, t
obac
co, a
nd m
ar-
ijuan
a th
at w
as 6
per
cent
low
er th
an th
e no
npro
gram
yout
h. A
dditi
onal
eva
luat
ions
of th
e L
ST p
rogr
am f
ound
a31
per
cent
red
uctio
n in
alc
o-ho
l use
, a 3
2 pe
rcen
t red
uc-
tion
in a
lcoh
ol a
nd m
ariju
ana
use
afte
r fo
ur m
onth
s, a
nd a
4 pe
rcen
t red
uctio
n in
alc
o-ho
l and
mar
ijuan
a us
e af
ter
16 m
onth
s fo
r th
ose
stud
ents
invo
lved
with
the
prog
ram
.
Con
tact
:Pr
ince
ton
Hea
lth P
ress
115
Wal
l Str
eet
Prin
ceto
n, N
J 08
540
Tel
: (80
0) 6
36-3
415
ww
w.li
fesk
illst
rain
ing.
com
PRE
VE
NT
IVE
AL
CO
HO
L
ED
UC
AT
ION
PR
OG
RA
M
To
incr
ease
ski
lls in
res
istin
gth
e pe
rsua
sive
eff
orts
of
thei
r pe
ers,
you
th v
iew
a f
ilmon
the
phys
iolo
gica
l eff
ects
of a
lcoh
ol a
nd th
e ty
pes
ofar
gum
ents
peo
ple
use
toco
nvin
ce o
ther
s th
at th
eyca
n dr
ink
and
driv
e sa
fely
.Q
uest
ion-
and-
answ
er s
essi
ons
follo
w w
ith in
-cla
ss r
ole-
play
s. A
ttem
ptin
g to
"in
ocu-
late
" th
e st
uden
ts a
gain
stdr
ivin
g dr
unk,
the
role
-pla
ysus
e sc
ript
s th
at f
ocus
on
situ
atio
ns in
volv
ing
alco
hol
114
and
prov
ide
fam
iliar
ity w
ithpr
o-dr
inki
ng-a
nd-d
rivi
ngar
gum
ents
that
enc
oura
gepe
ers
to e
ngag
e in
thes
e ri
sky
beha
vior
s. T
he r
ole-
play
sar
e fo
llow
ed b
y im
med
iate
feed
back
. Fin
ally
, a s
lide
show
sum
mar
izes
the
know
-le
dge
com
pone
nt a
ndar
gum
ent p
ortio
ns o
f th
epr
evio
us s
essi
ons.
Nin
th g
rade
rs r
ecei
ve th
ispr
ogra
m f
or tw
o to
thre
eho
urs
per
wee
k fo
r fi
vew
eeks
. The
sel
f-re
port
s of
the
prog
ram
you
th c
ompa
red
to th
e no
npro
gram
you
thsh
ow a
pre
vale
nce
rate
that
was
16
perc
ent l
ower
for
freq
uenc
y of
dri
nkin
g al
coho
lin
the
last
30
days
. Mos
tim
port
ant,
prog
ram
you
thal
so r
epor
t an
impr
essi
ve 2
2pe
rcen
t red
uctio
n in
act
ual
refu
sals
to d
rive
with
fri
ends
who
had
bee
n dr
inki
ng.
Con
tact
:E
lias
Dur
yea,
Ph.
D.
Dep
artm
ent o
f H
ealth
Edu
catio
nU
nive
rsity
of
New
Mex
ico
266
Hok
ona
Hal
lA
lbuq
uerq
ue, N
M 8
7131
Tel
: (50
5) 2
77-3
674
E-m
ail:
edur
yea@
unm
.edu
PRO
JEC
T N
OR
TH
LA
ND
Proj
ect N
orth
land
is a
com
-pr
ehen
sive
alc
ohol
use
pre
-ve
ntio
n cu
rric
ulum
for
mid
-dl
e sc
hool
-age
d yo
uth,
thei
rpa
rent
s, s
choo
ls, a
nd c
omm
u-ni
ties.
The
cur
ricu
lum
com
-bi
nes
clas
sroo
m-b
ased
inte
r-ve
ntio
ns w
ith p
aren
t, pe
er,
and
com
mun
ity-w
ide
inte
r-ve
ntio
ns to
red
uce
unde
rage
drin
king
. Par
enta
l inv
olve
-m
ent i
s an
ess
entia
l fea
ture
of
the
prog
ram
, with
the
grea
t-es
t em
phas
is o
ccur
ring
in th
efi
rst t
wo
year
s. T
he p
aren
tco
mpo
nent
foc
uses
on
build
-in
g pa
rent
/chi
ld r
elat
ions
hips
and
prom
otin
g co
mm
unic
a-tio
n on
the
subj
ect o
f al
coho
lus
e. T
he p
rogr
am in
clud
esbo
th d
eman
d an
d su
pply
redu
ctio
n st
rate
gies
at a
ll le
v-el
s of
the
inte
rven
tion.
The
cur
ricu
lum
is a
vaila
ble
for
grad
es 6
thro
ugh
8.Sl
ick
Tra
cy is
the
grad
e 6
inte
rven
tion
and
is c
ondu
cted
prim
arily
with
par
ents
and
adol
esce
nts
in th
eir
hom
es.
Thi
s po
rtio
n of
the
curr
icu-
lum
pre
sent
s fa
cts
on u
nder
-ag
e dr
inki
ng a
nd h
ealth
and
disc
usse
s pa
rent
al c
omm
uni-
catio
n w
ith te
ens
abou
tdr
inki
ng, p
aren
ts a
s ro
lem
odel
s, d
evel
opin
g fa
mily
guid
elin
es a
gain
st u
nder
age
drin
king
, pee
r pr
essu
res
and
115
On
Apr
il 24
, 199
4,
Mar
gare
t Lea
ry E
lem
enta
ry
Sch
ool w
as th
e si
te o
f a
scho
ol s
hoot
ing.
The
sho
oter
,
a 10
-yea
r-ol
d st
uden
t, ki
lled
anot
her
stud
ent a
s th
e ch
il-
dren
line
d up
to e
nter
ihe
scho
ol fo
r th
e da
y. T
he
trag
edy
serv
ed a
s a
wak
e-up
call,
not
onl
y to
But
te, b
ut to
all M
onta
na s
choo
ls, a
nd
prop
elle
d th
e sc
hool
com
mu-
nity
into
act
ion.
A s
ite-b
ased
Sch
ool S
afet
y
Tea
m p
laye
d a
criti
cal r
ole
in
help
ing
the
scho
ol h
eal a
nd
retu
rn to
teac
hing
and
lear
n-
ing
activ
ities
. The
team
inst
i-
tute
d a
com
preh
ensi
ve p
lan
desi
gned
to s
uppo
rt th
e
scho
ol c
omm
unity
that
incl
udes
con
flia
reso
lutio
n
and
afte
r-sc
hool
pro
gram
s,
men
tors
hips
, stu
dent
ass
is-
tanc
e te
ams,
sch
ool s
ecur
ity
chec
ks, a
nd c
rime
vict
im
assi
stan
ce p
rogr
ams.
The
scho
ol a
lso
deve
lope
d a
scho
ol-w
ide
disa
ster
pre
ven-
tion,
inte
rven
tion,
and
resp
onse
pla
n In
terv
entio
n
stra
tegi
es in
the
plan
incl
ude
activ
e co
llabo
ratio
n am
ong
com
mun
ity/g
over
nmen
t
agen
cies
, afte
r-sc
hool
day
-
care
, .fr
actu
red
roci
ecth
on,
safe
sch
ool t
eam
-bui
ldin
g,
posi
tive
self-
este
em b
uild
ing,
trai
ning
on
early
war
ning
sign
s of
vio
lenc
e, a
nd d
evel
-
opm
ent o
f cla
ssro
om m
an-
agem
ent a
nd c
risis
pla
nnin
g
proc
edur
es
All
Sch
ool S
afet
y T
eam
mem
bers
and
cla
ssro
om
teac
hers
are
trai
ned
in S
tu-
dent
beh
avio
r m
odifi
catio
n
and
help
dev
elop
act
ion
plan
s
for
stud
ents
iden
tifie
d as
at-
risk
by p
aren
ts, t
each
ers,
or
othe
r st
uden
ts T
his
team
take
s re
spon
sibi
lity
for
ever
y
aspe
ct o
f the
stu
dent
's n
eeds
by d
evel
opin
g w
orka
ble
solu
-
tions
for
both
aca
dem
ic a
nd
emot
iona
l iss
ues
Saf
ety
1 1
6
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y
Nia
rger
et L
eary
Ele
nien
tork
Sch
ool
But
te, M
onta
na
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool,
Gra
des
K-6
Tow
n
Scho
ol S
afet
y Fo
cus:
Sch
ool S
afet
y T
eam
Con
flict
Res
olut
ion
Effe
ctiv
e C
lass
room
Man
agem
ent
Cris
is R
espo
nse
Pla
n
Str
ong
Com
mun
ity In
volv
emen
t
Con
tact
Pau
la L
ynch
, prin
cipa
l
Mar
gare
t Lea
ry E
lem
enta
ry S
choo
l
1301
4 M
ile V
ue R
oad
But
te, M
T 5
9701
(406
) 49
6-21
00 (
phon
e)(4
06)
494-
1216
(fa
x)ga
llery
. in-
tch
.com
/but
tesd
l/di
stric
t/sch
ools
/mgt
lear
y/de
faul
t
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
resi
stan
ceco
nseq
uedr
inki
ng.
prog
ram
,A
ltern
ativ
activ
e pa
rw
orks
pri
dent
s in
tsc
hool
-ba
aim
s to
cl.
deal
ing
wi
build
posi
influ
ence
s
8th
grad
etio
n, e
mp
beyo
nd p
ean
d em
pocr
eate
hea
thei
r br
owdi
scou
rag.
DI
-
ON .
.
Tea
m m
embe
rs a
lso
part
ici-
pate
in c
onfli
ct r
esol
utio
n
trai
ning
and
in a
Pla
ygro
und
Fac
ilita
tor
prog
ram
The
scho
ol c
ouns
elor
is tr
aine
d in
the
Sec
ond
Ste
p cu
rric
ulum
and
has
trai
ned
othe
r di
stric
t
coun
selo
rs in
teac
hing
vio
-
lenc
e pr
even
tion
and
resp
onse
to p
ost-
trau
mat
ic s
tres
s
The
Saf
ety
Tea
m a
lso
help
s es
tabl
ish
com
mun
ity
part
ners
hips
and
men
torin
g
prog
ram
s T
he T
eam
is
.
III.
.
i
II'
.
-.
"
-..
"
-
Min
neap
olis
, MN
554
54-1
015
Tel
: (61
2) 6
24-0
057
Ord
erin
g In
form
atio
n:H
azel
den
Publ
ishi
ng a
ndE
duca
tion
P.O
. Box
176
Cen
ter
City
, MN
550
12-0
176
Tel
: (80
0) 3
28-9
000
ww
w.h
azel
den.
com
PRO
JEC
T S
TA
R
Proj
ect S
TA
R, a
lso
know
n as
Proj
ect I
-ST
AR
or
the
Mid
-w
este
rn P
reve
ntio
n Pr
ojec
t, is
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
,com
mun
ity-
base
d dr
ug a
buse
pre
vent
ion
prog
ram
that
bri
dges
the
tran
sitio
n fr
om e
arly
ado
les-
cenc
e to
mid
dle
and
late
rad
oles
cenc
e. S
ince
ear
ly a
do-
lesc
ence
is th
e fi
rst r
isk
peri
-od
for
gat
eway
dru
g us
e (e
.g.,
alco
hol,
ciga
rette
s, a
nd m
ari-
juan
a), p
rogr
amm
ing
is in
iti-
ated
with
who
le p
opul
atio
nsof
mid
dle
scho
ol (
6th
or 7
thgr
ade)
stu
dent
s.
Thi
s m
ultic
ompo
nent
, com
-pr
ehen
sive
sch
ool-
base
d pr
o-gr
am is
ava
ilabl
e on
a li
mite
dba
sis
to c
omm
uniti
es th
atha
ve c
olle
ctiv
ely
dete
rmin
eda
need
for
the
prog
ram
and
that
hav
e fo
rmed
a c
omm
uni-
ty c
olla
bora
tive
linke
d to
the
scho
ol, p
aren
ts, b
usin
ess,
civi
c le
ader
s, lo
cal g
over
n-m
ent o
r la
w e
nfor
cem
ent,
and
the
med
ia. G
ener
ally
the
com
mun
ity w
ill h
ave
con-
duct
ed a
nee
ds a
sses
smen
t of
both
the
scho
ol a
nd th
e co
m-
mun
ity p
rior
to p
ursu
ing
adop
tion
of P
roje
ct S
TA
R.
Seve
nth
and
8th
grad
e yo
uth
who
par
ticip
ated
in P
roje
ctST
AR
had
a p
reva
lenc
e ra
teth
at w
as 9
per
cent
low
er f
oral
coho
l, to
bacc
o, a
nd m
ari-
juan
a us
e co
mpa
red
to y
outh
who
did
not
par
ticip
ate.
Eff
ects
on
gate
way
dru
gsw
ere
mai
ntai
ned
thro
ugh
high
sch
ool.
Tow
ard
the
end
of h
igh
scho
ol a
nd in
toyo
ung
adul
thoo
d, e
ffec
tsem
erge
d on
oth
er d
rugs
,in
clud
ing
coca
ine,
met
ham
-ph
etam
ines
, and
LSD
.
118
Con
tact
:A
ngel
a L
apin
Inst
itute
for
Pre
vent
ion
Res
earc
hU
nive
rsity
of
Sout
hern
Cal
ifor
nia
1441
Eas
t Lak
e A
venu
e, M
S 44
Los
Ang
eles
, CA
900
33-0
800
Tel
: (32
3) 8
65-0
325
Fax:
(32
3) 8
65-0
134
E-m
ail:
lapi
n@hs
c.us
c.ed
u
TE
EN
AG
E H
EA
LT
H
TE
AC
HIN
G M
OD
UL
ES
The
Tee
nage
Hea
lth T
each
ing
Mod
ules
(T
HT
M),
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 6
to 1
2, is
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
hea
lthpr
ogra
m th
at ta
rget
s th
e se
c-on
dary
gra
des.
The
cur
ricu
-lu
m c
onta
ins
mat
eria
ls o
nal
coho
l, to
bacc
o an
d ot
her
drug
s, a
nd e
mph
asiz
esre
sist
ance
, per
sona
l, an
dso
cial
ski
lls ta
ught
thro
ugh
coop
erat
ive
and
smal
l-gr
oup
lear
ning
. Man
y ho
mew
ork
assi
gnm
ents
invo
lve
fam
ilies
,an
d op
tiona
l com
mun
ityse
rvic
e pr
ojec
ts a
re p
rese
nted
.T
he c
urri
culu
m is
pub
lishe
dby
the
Edu
catio
n D
evel
op-
men
t Cen
ter,
Inc
.
The
pro
gram
con
sist
s of
ase
ries
of
mod
ules
, eac
h of
whi
ch in
clud
es a
teac
her's
guid
e w
ith a
det
aile
d fr
ame-
wor
k fo
r co
nduc
ting
clas
s-ro
om a
ctiv
ities
. Eac
h m
odul
eco
ntai
ns s
ix to
15
clas
s se
s-
sion
s, e
ach
45 m
inut
es lo
ng.
Cer
tain
ess
entia
l hea
lth s
kills
are
high
light
ed in
eac
h m
od-
ule,
incl
udin
g ri
sk a
sses
s-m
ent,
self
-ass
essm
ent,
com
-m
unic
atio
n, d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing,
goal
-set
ting,
hea
lth a
dvoc
acy,
and
heal
thy
self
-man
agem
ent.
The
und
erly
ing
philo
soph
yof
TH
TM
is th
at e
very
thin
gw
e do
or
do n
ot d
o is
ast
atem
ent o
f w
ho w
e ar
e; w
eex
pres
s ou
rsel
ves,
our
val
ues,
and
our
belie
fs th
roug
hbe
havi
or. T
he p
rogr
am p
ro-
vide
s op
port
uniti
es f
orst
uden
ts to
rec
ogni
ze th
atm
any
fact
ors
affe
ct h
ealth
and
wel
l-be
ing.
Stud
ents
fro
m a
mix
of
ethn
ican
d ra
cial
gro
ups
rece
ived
inst
ruct
ion
seve
n ho
urs
per
mon
th f
or f
our
mon
ths.
The
7th
thro
ugh
12th
gra
de p
ro-
gram
you
th h
ad a
pre
vale
nce
rate
that
was
7 p
erce
nt lo
wer
for
the
use
of a
lcoh
ol, t
obac
-co
, and
har
d dr
ugs
than
non
-pr
ogra
m y
outh
. (Se
e al
so"V
iole
nce
Prev
entio
nC
urri
culu
m f
or A
dole
scen
tsun
der
Vio
lenc
e Pr
even
tion
Prog
ram
s, o
n pa
ge 3
6.)
Con
tact
:E
duca
tion
Dev
elop
men
tC
ente
r, I
nc.
55 C
hape
l Str
eet
New
ton,
MA
024
58-1
840
Tel
: (80
0) 2
25-4
276
ww
w.e
dc.o
rg11
9A
nnua
lR
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y51
WE
STC
HE
STE
R S
TU
DE
NT
ASS
IST
AN
CE
PR
OG
RA
M
The
Wes
tche
ster
Stu
dent
Ass
ista
nce
Prog
ram
(SA
P) is
base
d on
the
succ
essf
ul
empl
oyee
ass
ista
nce
prog
ram
sus
ed b
y in
dust
ry to
iden
tify
empl
oyee
s w
hose
wor
k an
dliv
es a
re a
dver
sely
aff
ecte
d by
subs
tanc
e ab
use.
The
SA
Ppr
ovid
es c
onfi
dent
ial c
ouns
el-
ing
in s
mal
l gro
ups
of 6
to10
you
ths
or in
divi
dual
cou
n-se
ling
duri
ng th
e sc
hool
day
.T
he c
ouns
elin
g gr
oups
are
orga
nize
d by
pro
blem
are
a.E
xam
ples
of
som
e of
the
grou
ps in
clud
e st
uden
ts n
ewto
the
scho
ol d
istr
ict,
stu-
dent
s w
ho a
ckno
wle
dge
hav-
ing
prob
lem
s w
ith p
aren
ts o
rpe
ers,
sen
iors
who
are
uns
ure
abou
t pos
t-gr
adua
tion
plan
s,st
uden
ts w
ith a
lcoh
olic
par
-en
ts, a
nd s
tude
nts
who
are
abus
ing
alco
hol o
r dr
ugs.
Gro
ups
are
rota
ted
thro
ugh
the
scho
ol s
ched
ule
so th
atno
stu
dent
mis
ses
the
sam
ecl
ass
mor
e th
an o
nce
ever
yei
ght w
eeks
. Mos
t of
the
yout
h vo
lunt
arily
cho
ose
tow
ork
with
the
SAP
coun
-se
lors
. Som
e ar
e re
quir
ed to
part
icip
ate
in th
e co
unse
ling
beca
use
they
hav
e vi
olat
edsc
hool
pol
icy.
The
cou
nsel
ors
hold
gra
duat
e de
gree
s an
dha
ve a
t lea
sttw
o ye
ars
of
120
52 A
nnua
l Rep
ort
on S
choo
l Saf
ety
expe
rien
ce. T
his
prog
ram
ison
e of
the
mos
t pro
mis
ing
appr
oach
es f
or h
igh
scho
olyo
uth
(gra
des
9 to
12)
.T
he S
AP
yout
h sh
owed
a38
per
cent
low
er p
reva
lenc
era
te f
or u
se o
f al
coho
l,m
ariju
ana,
and
har
d dr
ugs
com
pare
d to
oth
erW
estc
hest
er C
ount
y yo
uth.
Con
tact
:E
llen
Mor
ehou
seSt
uden
t Ass
ista
nce
Serv
ices
660
Whi
te P
lain
s R
oad
Tar
ryto
wn,
NY
105
91T
el: (
914)
332
-130
0Fa
x: (
914)
366
-882
6E
-mai
l: sa
scor
p@ao
l.com
PR
OB
LEM
BE
HA
VIO
RP
RE
VE
NT
ION
PR
OG
RA
MS
BE
HA
VIO
RA
L M
ON
ITO
RIN
GA
ND
RE
INFO
RC
EM
EN
TPR
OG
RA
M
The
pro
gram
targ
ets
adol
es-
cent
s w
ho d
emon
stra
tech
arac
teri
stic
s th
at h
ave
been
asso
ciat
ed w
ith d
elin
quen
cyan
d su
bsta
nce
abus
e, in
clud
-in
g: lo
w m
otiv
atio
n fo
rsc
hool
, dis
rega
rd f
or r
ules
,an
d fe
elin
gs o
f al
iena
tion
from
thei
r pa
rent
s. R
isk
fact
ors
incl
ude
acad
emic
failu
re, e
arly
beh
avio
r pr
ob-
lem
s, a
liena
tion
from
fam
ily,
and
a lo
w le
vel o
f co
mm
it-m
ent t
o sc
hool
.
The
inte
rven
tion
invo
lves
four
com
pone
nts:
wee
kly
repo
rt c
ards
, dis
cuss
ion
ofre
port
car
ds, p
aren
tal c
onta
ct,
and
boos
ter
sess
ions
in la
ter
year
s. P
rogr
am s
taff
com
pile
a w
eekl
y re
port
car
d ba
sed
on te
ache
r in
terv
iew
s re
gard
-in
g th
e st
uden
ts' b
ehav
ior
inth
e cl
assr
oom
(e.
g., b
ring
ing
mat
eria
ls to
cla
ss, t
ardi
ness
,an
d co
mpl
etio
n of
wor
k.)
Stud
ents
then
mee
t with
pro-
gram
sta
ff in
sm
all g
roup
ses
-si
ons
to d
iscu
ss th
eir
repo
rtca
rds.
Pos
itive
rep
orts
elic
itpr
aise
and
app
rova
l fro
mst
aff,
whi
le n
egat
ive
repo
rts
elic
it di
scus
sion
s of
how
the
stud
ent c
an im
prov
e hi
s or
her
beha
vior
. Par
ents
are
kep
tin
form
ed o
f th
eir
child
ren'
s
prog
ress
thro
ugh
phon
e ca
lls,
lette
rs, a
nd h
ome
visi
ts. A
fter
two
year
s of
the
inte
rven
tion,
stud
ents
atte
nd b
oost
er s
es-
sion
s, g
iven
eve
ry tw
o w
eeks
,th
at f
ollo
w th
e sa
me
form
at.
The
inte
rven
tion
begi
ns w
hen
stud
ents
are
in th
e 7t
h gr
ade
and
last
s fo
r th
ree
year
s,in
clud
ing
boos
ter
sess
ions
.E
valu
atio
ns s
how
a 3
5pe
r-ce
nt r
educ
tion
in a
rres
ts (
hav-
ing
a co
unty
cou
rt f
ile)
and
a40
per
cent
red
uctio
nin
dru
g us
e am
ong
stud
ents
who
par
ticip
ated
in th
epr
o-gr
am c
ompa
red
with
stu
dent
sw
ho d
id n
ot p
artic
ipat
e.
Con
tact
:B
renn
a B
ry, P
h.D
.G
radu
ate
Scho
ol o
f A
pplie
dan
d Pr
ofes
sion
al P
sych
olog
y
Rut
gers
Uni
vers
ity15
2 Fr
elin
ghuy
sen
Roa
dPi
scat
away
, NJ
0885
4-80
85T
el: (
732)
445
-218
9Fa
x: (
732)
445
-488
8E
-mai
l: bb
ry@
rci.r
utge
rs.e
du
FAST
TR
AC
K
Fast
Tra
ck is
a lo
ng-t
erm
prog
ram
that
targ
ets
chro
nic
and
seve
re c
ondu
ct p
robl
ems
of c
hild
ren
thro
ugh
inte
rven
-tio
ns w
ith th
e sc
hool
, hom
e,an
d in
divi
dual
stu
dent
. The
prog
ram
con
tain
s bo
thun
iver
sal a
nd s
elec
tive
leve
lsof
inte
rven
tion.
The
uni
vers
alin
terv
entio
n is
a p
rim
ary
prev
entio
n st
rate
gy d
irec
ted
at a
ll 1s
t thr
ough
5th
gra
dech
ildre
n to
str
engt
hen
the
skill
s ne
eded
for
suc
cess
ful
adap
tatio
n to
sch
ool
and
to p
reve
nt th
e em
erge
nce
of s
choo
l adj
ustm
ent
diff
icul
ties.
The
goa
l of
the
univ
ersa
l int
erve
ntio
n is
tore
duce
the
disr
uptiv
enes
sof
the
clas
sroo
m a
nd im
prov
eits
man
agea
bilit
y by
the
teac
her.
The
se c
hang
es r
educ
eth
e le
vel o
f st
imul
atio
nfo
r in
appr
opri
ate
beha
vior
on
the
part
of
the
high
-ris
kch
ildre
n w
ho r
ecei
ve th
ese
lect
ive
inte
rven
tion.
121
Cla
ssro
om te
ache
rs a
retr
aine
d by
Fas
t Tra
ck s
taff
inth
e us
e of
the
Prom
otin
gA
ltern
ativ
e T
hink
ing
Stra
tegi
es c
urri
culu
m.
The
hig
h-ri
sk c
hild
ren
are
iden
tifie
d in
kin
derg
arte
n by
thei
r di
srup
tive
beha
vior
at
scho
ol a
nd a
t hom
e. T
hey
rece
ive
a pr
ogra
m o
f se
rvic
esth
at e
xten
ds f
rom
1st
gra
deth
roug
h th
e en
d of
mid
dle
scho
ol. I
t is
mos
t int
ensi
vein
1st
gra
de, c
onsi
stin
g of
pare
nt a
nd c
hild
ski
ll-bu
ild-
ing
grou
ps, h
ome
visi
ts w
ithfa
mili
es, a
pee
r re
latio
nsco
mpo
nent
at s
choo
l, re
ad-
ing
tuto
ring
, and
sch
ool-
base
d ca
se m
anag
emen
t.T
he f
requ
ency
of
grou
ps is
redu
ced
in s
ucce
ssiv
e gr
ades
but i
nvol
ves
a m
ore
inte
nse
inte
rven
tion
agai
n at
the
tran
sitio
n in
to m
iddl
e sc
hool
,w
here
par
entin
g an
d yo
uth
supp
ort s
ervi
ces
cont
inue
alon
g w
ith m
ento
ring
and
supp
ort f
or id
entit
y an
dvo
catio
nal d
evel
opm
ent.
The
pro
gram
was
eva
luat
edfo
r ov
er 9
00 h
igh-
risk
you
thfr
om f
our
diff
eren
t U.S
. com
-m
uniti
es, w
ho r
ecei
ved
the
prog
ram
dur
ing
thei
r 1s
t,2n
d, a
nd 3
rd g
rade
yea
rs.
Eva
luat
ors
foun
d th
at 1
1pe
rcen
t few
er s
tude
nts
in th
epr
ogra
m w
ere
diag
nose
d
r
w;-
with
an
Indi
vidu
al E
duca
tion
Plan
(st
uden
ts s
how
ing
ane
ed f
or s
peci
al e
duca
tion
atte
ntio
n) th
an s
tude
nts
not
part
icip
atin
g in
the
prog
ram
.
Con
tact
:Jo
hn C
oie
Psyc
holo
gy D
epar
tmen
tD
uke
Uni
vers
ityB
ox 9
0085
Dur
ham
, NC
277
08-0
085
Tel
: (91
9) 2
86-2
008,
ext
. 222
Fax:
(91
9) 2
86-3
221
E-m
ail:
john
.coi
e@du
ke.e
duw
ww
.fas
ttrac
k.va
nder
bilt.
edu
GA
NG
RE
SIST
AN
CE
ED
UC
AT
ION
AN
D T
RA
ININ
GPR
OG
RA
M
The
Gan
g R
esis
tanc
eE
duca
tion
and
Tra
inin
g(G
.R.E
.A.T
.) P
rogr
am is
aga
ng a
nd v
iole
nce
prev
entio
n
prog
ram
for
gra
des
3 th
roug
h8
with
a n
ine-
less
on c
ore
cur-
ricu
lum
. It i
s de
sign
ed to
hel
pch
ildre
n se
t goa
ls f
or th
em-
selv
es, r
esis
t pre
ssur
es, l
earn
how
to r
esol
ve c
onfl
ict w
ith-
out v
iole
nce,
and
und
erst
and
how
gan
gs a
nd y
outh
vio
-le
nce
impa
ct th
e qu
ality
of th
eir
lives
.
G.R
.E.A
.T. s
tude
nts
disc
over
for
them
selv
es th
e ra
mif
ica-
tions
of
gang
and
you
th v
io-
lenc
e th
roug
h st
ruct
ured
exer
cise
s an
d in
tera
ctiv
eap
proa
ches
to le
arni
ng. T
hepr
ogra
m b
ring
s to
geth
er th
eco
mbi
ned
effo
rts
of la
wen
forc
emen
t, sc
hool
s, a
nd th
eco
mm
unity
to m
ake
a di
ffer
-en
ce in
the
lives
of
child
ren
by p
rovi
ding
them
with
the
nece
ssar
y sk
ills
and
info
rma-
122
tion
to s
ay "
no"
to g
angs
and
acts
of
rand
om v
iole
nce.
The
G.R
.E.A
.T. c
urri
culu
m is
taug
ht b
y tr
aine
d, c
ertif
ied,
unif
orm
ed p
olic
e of
fice
rs/s
pe-
cial
age
nts
to e
lem
enta
ry,
juni
or h
igh,
and
mid
dle
scho
ol c
hild
ren.
The
cla
ss-
room
ses
sion
s in
clud
e m
ater
i-al
on
law
s, c
rim
e, v
ictim
s,ga
ngs,
and
dru
g us
e. B
oth
the
polic
e of
fice
r/sp
ecia
l age
ntan
d th
e te
ache
r w
ork
toge
th-
er to
red
uce
gang
invo
lve-
men
t in
the
scho
ol a
nd th
eco
mm
unity
.
Eva
luat
ors
foun
d a
4 pe
rcen
tre
duct
ion
in d
rug
use,
a3
perc
ent r
educ
tion
in to
tal
delin
quen
cy, a
nd a
4.5
perc
ent r
educ
tion
in m
inor
offe
nses
for
thos
e st
uden
ts
Shep
ard
Hill
Hig
h Sc
hool
stu
dent
sm
eet i
n th
e lib
rary
for
a g
roup
stu
dyse
ssio
n.
who
rec
eive
d G
.R.E
.A.T
.tr
aini
ng, c
ompa
red
to th
ose
stud
ents
who
did
not
rec
eive
trai
ning
.
Con
tact
:A
TF
G.R
.E.A
.T. P
rogr
amB
ranc
hP.
O. B
ox 5
0418
Was
hing
ton,
DC
200
91-0
418
Tel
: (80
0) 7
26-7
070
E-m
ail:
grea
t@at
fhq.
atf.
trea
s.go
vw
ww
.atf
.trea
s.go
v/gr
eat/
grea
t.htm
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Ann
ual R
annr
t nn
Seh
nnI C
afaf
t,
Cha
pter
4 -
Res
ourc
esA
genc
ies,
Org
aniz
atio
ns, W
eb
Bite
s, a
nd C
onta
ct In
form
atio
nT
he o
rgan
izat
ions
and
res
ourc
es li
sted
on
the
follo
win
g pa
ges
are
not e
xhau
stiv
e, a
nd th
eir
incl
usio
n is
not
inte
nded
to b
e an
end
orse
men
t by
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f E
duca
tion
or th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice.
Rat
her,
thes
e lis
tings
are
inte
nded
to a
ssis
t sch
ools
and
com
mun
ities
in d
evel
opin
g an
d en
hanc
ing
com
preh
ensi
ve s
choo
l
safe
ty p
lans
.
1'
Ro
o
,
oa
et55
FE
DE
RA
L R
ES
OU
RC
ES
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
fE
duca
tion
400
Mar
ylan
d A
venu
e, S
WW
ashi
ngto
n, D
C 2
0202
ww
w.e
d.go
v
SAFE
AN
D D
RU
G-F
RE
E
SCH
OO
LS
PRO
GR
AM
ww
w.e
d.go
v/of
fice
s/O
ESE
/SD
FS
The
Saf
e an
d D
rug-
Free
Scho
ols
Prog
ram
is th
eFe
dera
l gov
ernm
ent's
pri
mar
yve
hicl
e fo
r re
duci
ng d
rug,
alco
hol,
and
toba
cco
use,
as w
ell a
s vi
olen
ce, t
hrou
ghed
ucat
ion
and
prev
entio
nac
tiviti
es in
our
Nat
ion'
ssc
hool
s.
OFF
ICE
OF
SPE
CIA
L
ED
UC
AT
ION
PR
OG
RA
MS
(OSE
P)
ww
w.e
d.go
v/of
fice
s/O
SER
S/O
SEP
OSE
P pr
ovid
es le
ader
ship
and
fisc
al r
esou
rces
to a
ssis
tSt
ate
and
loca
l eff
orts
to e
du-
cate
chi
ldre
n w
ith d
isab
ilitie
sin
ord
er to
impr
ove
resu
lts f
orth
ose
child
ren
and
to e
nsur
eeq
ual p
rote
ctio
n of
the
law
.
OFF
ICE
OF
CO
RR
EC
TIO
NA
L
ED
UC
AT
ION
(O
CE
)
ww
w.e
d.go
v/of
fice
s/O
VA
E/O
CE
In A
pril
1991
, the
U.S
.D
epar
tmen
t of
Edu
catio
n cr
e-at
ed a
new
off
ice
to p
rovi
de
128
56 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n S
choo
l Saf
ety
natio
nal l
eade
rshi
p on
issu
esin
cor
rect
iona
l edu
catio
n.O
CE
pro
vide
s te
chni
cal a
ssis
-ta
nce
to S
tate
s, lo
cal s
choo
ls,
and
corr
ectio
nal i
nstit
utio
nsan
d sh
ares
info
rmat
ion
onco
rrec
tiona
l edu
catio
n.
RE
GIO
NA
L E
DU
CA
TIO
N
LA
BO
RA
TO
RIE
S
ww
w.n
wre
l.org
/nat
iona
l
Thi
s W
eb s
ite p
rovi
des
am
ap o
f lin
ks to
all
10R
egio
nal E
duca
tion
Lab
orat
orie
s su
ppor
ted
byth
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Edu
catio
n to
pro
vide
tech
ni-
cal a
ssis
tanc
e to
edu
cato
rs.
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice
950
Penn
sylv
ania
Ave
nue,
NW
Was
hing
ton,
DC
205
30-0
001
ww
w.u
sdoj
.gov
OFF
ICE
OF
CO
MM
UN
ITY
OR
IEN
TE
D P
OL
ICIN
G
SER
VIC
ES
(CO
PS)
ww
w.u
sdoj
.gov
/cop
s
Est
ablis
hed
unde
r th
e Pu
blic
Safe
ty P
artn
ersh
ip a
ndC
omm
unity
Pol
icin
g A
ctof
199
4, C
OPS
has
fou
rpr
imar
y go
als:
to in
crea
se th
enu
mbe
r of
com
mun
itypo
licin
g of
fice
rs o
n th
e be
atby
100
,000
; to
prom
ote
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
dep
artm
ent-
wid
e co
mm
unity
pol
icin
g in
law
enf
orce
men
t age
ncie
sac
ross
the
coun
try;
to h
elp
deve
lop
an in
fras
truc
ture
that
will
inst
itutio
naliz
e an
dsu
stai
n co
mm
unity
pol
icin
gaf
ter
Fede
ral f
undi
ng h
asen
ded;
and
dem
onst
rate
and
eval
uate
the
abili
ty o
f ag
en-
cies
pra
ctic
ing
com
mun
itypo
licin
g to
sig
nifi
cant
lyim
prov
e th
e qu
ality
of
life
by r
educ
ing
the
leve
ls o
fvi
olen
ce, c
rim
e, a
nd d
isor
der
in th
eir
com
mun
ities
.
OFF
ICE
OF
JUV
EN
ILE
JU
STIC
E
AN
D D
EL
INQ
UE
NC
Y
PRE
VE
NT
ION
(O
JJD
P)
ww
w.o
jjdp.
ncjr
s.or
g
OJJ
DP'
s m
issi
on is
to p
rovi
dena
tiona
l lea
ders
hip,
coo
rdi-
natio
n, a
nd r
esou
rces
tode
velo
p, im
plem
ent,
and
sup-
port
eff
ectiv
e m
etho
ds o
f pr
e-ve
ntin
g ju
veni
le v
ictim
izat
ion
and
resp
ondi
ng a
ppro
pria
tely
to ju
veni
le d
elin
quen
cy. T
his
is a
ccom
plis
hed
thro
ugh
prev
entio
n pr
ogra
ms
and
aju
veni
le ju
stic
e sy
stem
that
prot
ects
the
publ
ic s
afet
y,ho
lds
juve
nile
off
ende
rsac
coun
tabl
e, a
nd p
rovi
des
trea
tmen
t and
reh
abili
tativ
ese
rvic
es b
ased
on
the
need
sof
eac
h ju
veni
le.
NA
TIO
NA
L C
RIM
INA
L
JUST
ICE
RE
FER
EN
CE
SE
RV
ICE
(NC
JRS)
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
NC
JRS
is o
ne o
f th
e m
ost
exte
nsiv
e so
urce
s of
info
rma-
tion
on c
rim
inal
and
juve
nile
129
just
ice
in th
e w
orld
, pro
vid-
ing
serv
ices
to a
n in
tern
atio
n-al
com
mun
ity o
f po
licym
ak-
ers
and
prof
essi
onal
s. N
CJR
Sis
a c
olle
ctio
n of
cle
arin
g-ho
uses
sup
port
ing
all b
urea
usof
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
fJu
stic
e, O
ffic
e of
Jus
tice
Prog
ram
s.
NA
TIO
NA
L I
NST
ITU
TE
OF
JUST
ICE
ww
w.o
jp.u
sdoj
.gov
/nij
The
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
Just
ice
is th
e re
sear
ch a
ndde
velo
pmen
t arm
of
the
U.S
.D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice.
Cre
ated
by
Con
gres
s in
196
8,th
e In
stitu
te is
cha
rged
with
inve
stin
g pu
blic
fun
ds to
deve
lop
know
ledg
e th
at w
illre
duce
cri
me,
enh
ance
pub
licsa
fety
, and
impr
ove
the
adm
inis
trat
ion
of ju
stic
e.
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Hea
lthan
d H
uman
Ser
vice
s
200
Inde
pend
ence
Ave
nue,
SW
Was
hing
ton,
DC
202
01w
ww
.hhs
.gov
CE
NT
ER
FO
R S
UB
STA
NC
E
AB
USE
PR
EV
EN
TIO
N (
CSA
P)
ww
w.s
amhs
a.go
vIcs
apA
ndex
.htm
CSA
P, a
SA
MH
SA p
rogr
am,
prov
ides
nat
iona
l lea
ders
hip
in th
e Fe
dera
l .ef
fort
to p
re-
vent
alc
ohol
, tob
acco
, and
illic
it dr
ug p
robl
ems.
.
..
.5
..8
Des
pite
hig
h ra
tes
of d
rug
use
by h
igh
scho
ol s
tude
nts
in s
ur-
roun
ding
are
as, M
erril
l Roa
d
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool h
as s
uc-
cess
fully
cre
ated
a s
choo
l
envi
ronm
ent w
ith z
ero
tole
r-
ance
for
drug
use
and
vio
-
lenc
e M
erril
l Roa
d
Ele
men
tary
Sch
ool h
as im
ple-
men
ted
a "N
O U
SE
/NO
N-
VIO
LEN
T"
philo
soph
y th
roug
h
the
scho
ol's
Zer
oing
in o
n
Pre
vent
ion
(ZIP
) pr
ogra
m T
he
ZIP
team
, com
pose
d of
facu
l-
ty, s
taff,
par
ents
and
com
mu-
nity
mem
bers
, is
iesp
onsi
ble
for
deve
lopi
ng th
e pr
ogra
m's
obje
ctiv
es a
nd a
nnua
l pla
n
and
supe
rvis
ing
impl
emen
ta-
13O
11:
.
.
a'
.
.
.0
tion
Obj
ectiv
es a
re e
stab
'
fishe
d fo
r ea
ch o
f the
five
esse
ntia
l pro
gram
com
po-
nent
s pr
even
tion,
inte
rven
tion,
supp
ort g
roup
s, p
aren
t/com
-
mun
ity in
volv
emen
t, an
d ev
alu-
atio
n B
ecau
se M
erril
l's g
oal
is to
mai
ntai
n "z
ero"
inci
-
dent
s, a
nd b
ecau
se it
s
abse
nce
rate
s w
ere
incr
eas-
ing,
the
ZIP
Tea
m h
as a
dded
trua
ncy
as a
pro
gram
goa
l
Mer
rill's
com
preh
ensi
ve in
ter-
vent
ion
and
prev
entio
n pr
o-
gram
incl
udes
act
iviti
es
desi
gned
to in
crea
se s
tude
nt
resi
lienc
y an
d po
sitiv
e be
hav-
ior.
All
stud
ents
are
taug
ht
non-
viol
ence
and
con
flict
res
o-
lutio
n sk
ills,
usi
ng th
e P
eace
Fou
ndat
ion
curr
icul
um, w
hich
inco
rpor
ates
the
valu
es o
f tol
-
eran
ce a
nd r
espe
ct fo
r di
ffer-
ence
s H
ealth
edu
catio
n cl
ass-
es, i
ncor
pora
ting
alco
hol,
toba
cco,
and
oth
er d
rug
use
prev
entio
n sk
ills,
are
taug
ht
and
rein
forc
ed a
t eve
ry g
rade
leve
l Oth
er p
reve
ntio
n ef
fort
s
incl
ude
men
torin
g, p
eer
med
iatio
n, a
fter-
scho
ol p
ro-
gram
s, tu
torin
g, a
nd p
aren
t-
ing
educ
atio
n.
Com
mun
ity r
esou
rces
are
also
mad
e av
aila
ble
and
are
utili
zed
by s
taff
and
adm
inis
-
trat
ion.
The
Ter
ry P
arke
r F
ull
Ser
vice
Cen
ter
links
the
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
scho
ols
to y
outh
dev
elop
men
t,
fam
ily a
nd c
hild
gui
danc
e se
r-
vice
s, h
ealth
and
soc
ial s
er-
vice
s, ju
veni
le ju
stic
e, fa
mily
liter
acy,
cas
e m
anag
emen
t,
and
fam
ily w
elfa
re s
ervi
ces.
Sin
ce M
erril
l Ele
men
tary
's
inte
nsiv
e fo
cus
on tr
uanc
y pr
e-
vent
ion
bega
n, th
e nu
mbe
r of
stud
ents
who
wer
e ab
sent
21
or m
ore
days
dec
reas
ed fr
om
14 s
tude
nts
durin
g th
e 19
97-
98 s
choo
l yea
r, to
one
stu
dent
durin
g th
e 19
98-9
9 sc
hool
year
. The
tota
l num
ber
of
crim
e in
cide
nts
has
also
decr
ease
d fr
om th
ree
in 1
996-
97, t
o ze
ro in
199
8-99
.
- -
- -
-
4 4
4_
11.4
:,
In 1
992,
Por
t Che
ster
Mid
dle
Sch
ool b
egan
col
lect
ing
and
orga
nizi
ng d
ata
on a
ll re
fer-
rals
, fai
lure
s, s
uspe
nsio
ns,
wea
pon
poss
essi
ons,
dru
g
use
attit
udes
, and
com
mun
ity
dem
ogra
phic
s U
sing
dat
a-dr
i-
ven
polic
y-m
akin
g, th
e sc
hool
rest
ruct
ured
it's
pol
icie
s an
d
prog
ram
s to
ref
lect
it's
com
-
mitm
ent t
o m
eetin
g th
e ne
eds
of e
ach
stud
ent,
impr
ovin
g
stud
ent r
esili
ency
ski
lls,
addr
essi
ng s
tude
nt a
ntis
ocia
l
beha
vior
, and
res
pond
ing
to
the
need
s of
at-
risk
stud
ents
To
incr
ease
stu
dent
res
ilien
-
cy, t
he s
choo
l ado
pted
a c
om-
preh
ensi
ve s
trat
egy
that
incl
uded
pro
vidi
ng a
saf
e
and
secu
re e
nviro
nmen
t,
focu
sing
on
each
stu
dent
's
uniq
uene
ss th
roug
h ac
adem
ic
succ
ess
and
scho
ol c
ultu
re,
nurt
urin
g a
sens
e of
com
pe-
tenc
y in
stu
dent
s' a
bilit
y to
mak
e po
sitiv
e de
cisi
ons,
and
prov
idin
g ad
ult r
ole
mod
els.
Por
t Che
ster
's c
ompr
ehen
sive
prev
entio
n an
d in
terv
entio
n
stra
tegi
es c
onsi
st o
f a "
scho
ol
with
in a
sch
ool"
supp
ort s
ys-
tem
, pee
r m
edia
tion
and
stu-
dent
ass
ista
nce
prog
ram
s,
befo
re-
and
afte
r-sc
hool
vio
-
lenc
e pr
even
tion
activ
ities
,
and
thre
e di
ffere
nt m
ento
ring
prog
ram
s.
Onc
e st
uden
ts a
re id
entif
ied
as a
t-ris
k or
pot
entia
lly a
t-ris
k,
part
icul
ar a
ttent
ion
is p
lace
d
on th
eir
need
s th
roug
h th
e
Stu
dent
s T
owar
d E
duca
tion
Pro
gres
s P
rogr
am, a
s w
ell a
s
thro
ugh
com
mun
ity m
ento
r-
ing,
soc
ial s
ervi
ces,
and
coun
selin
g fo
r st
uden
ts a
nd
thei
r fa
mili
es. T
o he
lp a
ddre
ss
each
stu
dent
's in
divi
dual
need
s, s
tude
nts
are
plac
ed in
smal
l "sc
hool
with
in a
sch
ool"
setti
ngs
with
eno
rmou
s fle
xi-
bilit
y an
d no
mor
e th
an 2
5
stud
ents
.
Suc
h ef
fort
s ha
ve r
esul
ted
in
an im
prov
emen
t in
acad
emic
perf
orm
ance
and
sch
ool c
ul-
ture
, as
wel
l as
a de
crea
se in
susp
ensi
ons
and
disc
iplin
e
prob
lem
s. F
rom
199
5 to
1998
, the
num
ber
of s
uspe
n-
sion
s dr
oppe
d fr
om 4
16 to
128,
and
dis
cipl
ine
refe
rral
s
drop
ped
from
mor
e th
an
1,00
0 to
less
than
300
.
Por
t Che
ster
Mid
dle
Sch
ool
Por
t Che
ster
, New
Yor
k
Mid
dle
Sch
ool,
Gra
des
5-8
Tow
n
Sch
oolS
afet
y Fo
cus:
Con
flict
Res
olut
ion
and
Pee
r
Med
iatio
n P
rogr
amT
arge
ted
Pro
gram
s fo
r A
l-Ris
k Y
outh
Mei
-Sch
aal P
rogr
ams
Men
toiin
g P
rogr
am
Str
ong
Sta
ff, C
omm
unity
, and
Par
enta
l Inv
olve
men
t
Con
tact
:
Car
men
Mac
chia
, prin
cipa
lP
ort C
hest
er M
iddl
e S
choo
l
Bow
man
Ave
nue
Pol
l Che
ster
, NY
105
73
(914
) 93
4-79
30 (
phon
e)(9
14)
934-
7886
(fa
x)ho
me.
com
pute
r.ne
t/pcs
choo
l/M
IDD
LE
NA
TIO
NA
L IN
ST
ITU
TE
OF
ME
NT
AL
HE
ALT
H (
NIM
H)
ww
w.n
imh.
nih.
gov
NIM
H c
ondu
cts
and
sup-
port
s re
sear
ch n
atio
nwid
e on
men
tal i
llnes
s an
d m
enta
lhe
alth
, inc
ludi
ng s
tudi
es o
fth
e br
ain,
beh
avio
r, a
nd m
en-
tal h
ealth
ser
vice
s. N
IMH
isth
e fo
rem
ost m
enta
l hea
lthre
sear
ch o
rgan
izat
ion
in th
ew
orld
, with
a m
issi
on d
edi-
cate
d to
impr
ovin
g th
e m
en-
tal h
ealth
of
the
Am
eric
anpe
ople
; fos
teri
ng b
ette
run
ders
tand
ing
of e
ffec
tive
diag
nosi
s, tr
eatm
ent,
and
reha
bilit
atio
n of
men
tal a
ndbr
ain
diso
rder
s; a
nd s
uppo
rt-
ing
rese
arch
on
inte
rven
tions
to p
reve
nt m
enta
l illn
ess
orto
red
uce
the
freq
uenc
y of
recu
rren
t epi
sode
s of
men
tal
illne
sses
and
thei
r di
sabl
ing
cons
eque
nces
.
CE
NT
ER
S F
OR
DIS
EA
SE
CO
NT
RO
L A
ND
PR
EV
EN
TIO
N,
DIV
ISIO
N O
F A
DO
LES
CE
NT
AN
D S
CH
OO
L H
EA
LTH
(DA
SH)
ww
w.c
dc.g
ovin
ccdp
hpic
lash
DA
SH's
mis
sion
is to
: ide
nti-
fy th
e hi
ghes
t-pr
iori
ty h
ealth
risk
s am
ong
yout
h, m
onito
r
Por
t Che
ster
Mid
dle
Sch
ool s
tude
nts
enjo
ying
a w
ell d
eser
ved
brea
k.
the
inci
denc
e an
d pr
eval
ence
of th
ose
risk
s, im
plem
ent
natio
nal p
rogr
ams
to p
reve
ntri
sks,
and
eva
luat
e an
dim
prov
e th
ose
prog
ram
s.
CE
NT
ER
S FO
R D
ISE
ASE
CO
NT
RO
L A
ND
PR
EV
EN
TIO
N,
DIV
ISIO
N O
F V
IOL
EN
CE
PRE
VE
NT
ION
ww
w.c
dc.g
ov /n
cipc
/dvp
/dvp
The
Div
isio
n of
Vio
lenc
ePr
even
tion
in C
DC
'sN
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r In
jury
Prev
entio
n an
d C
ontr
ol h
asfo
ur p
rior
ity a
reas
for
vio
-le
nce
prev
entio
n: y
outh
vio
-le
nce,
fam
ily a
nd in
timat
evi
olen
ce, s
uici
de, a
nd f
irea
rmin
juri
es.
HE
AL
TH
RE
SOU
RC
ES
AN
D
SER
VIC
ES
AD
MIN
IST
RA
TIO
N,
MA
TE
RN
AL
AN
D C
HIL
D
HE
AL
TH
BU
RE
AU
(M
CB
H)
ww
w.h
hs.g
ov/h
rsa/
mch
b
MC
BH
is c
harg
ed w
ith th
epr
imar
y re
spon
sibi
lity
for
prom
otin
g an
d im
prov
ing
the
heal
th o
f th
e N
atio
n's
mot
h-er
s an
d ch
ildre
n, in
clud
ing
fam
ilies
with
low
inco
me
leve
ls, t
hose
with
div
erse
raci
al a
nd e
thni
c he
rita
ges,
and
thos
e liv
ing
in r
ural
or is
olat
ed a
reas
with
out
acce
ss to
car
e.
HE
AL
TH
RE
SOU
RC
ES
AN
D
SER
VIC
ES
AD
MIN
IST
RA
TIO
N,
BU
RE
AU
OF
PRIM
AR
Y
HE
AL
TH
CA
RE
(B
PHC
)
ww
w.b
phc.
hrsa
.dhh
s.go
v
BPH
C p
rom
otes
and
est
ab-
lishe
s sc
hool
-bas
ed h
ealth
cent
ers
as a
n ef
fect
ive
way
to im
prov
e th
e he
alth
of
vuln
erab
le c
hild
ren
and
adol
esce
nts.
Onl
ine
Fed
eral
Doc
umen
ts
1998
AN
NU
AL
RE
POR
T O
N
SCH
OO
L S
AFE
TY
ww
w.e
d.go
v/pu
bs/
Ann
Scho
olR
ept9
8
The
199
8 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
nSc
hool
Saf
ety
deta
ils th
ena
ture
and
sco
pe o
f sc
hool
viol
ence
and
pro
vide
s in
for-
mat
ion
on m
odel
pro
gram
s,re
sour
ces,
and
ste
ps th
atsc
hool
s an
d co
mm
uniti
es c
anta
ke to
cre
ate
and
mai
ntai
nsa
fe le
arni
ng e
nvir
onm
ents
.
CH
ILD
DE
VE
LO
PME
NT
/
CO
MM
UN
ITY
PO
LIC
ING
:
PAR
TN
ER
SHIP
IN
A C
LIM
AT
E
OF
VIO
LE
NC
E
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
/jjdp
.htm
Thi
s do
cum
ent d
escr
ibes
aun
ique
col
labo
rativ
e pr
ogra
mbe
twee
n th
e N
ew H
aven
,C
onne
ctic
ut, D
epar
tmen
t of
Polic
e Se
rvic
es a
nd th
e C
hild
Stud
y C
ente
r at
the
Yal
eU
nive
rsity
Sch
ool o
fM
edic
ine
that
add
ress
es th
e
134
psyc
holo
gica
l im
pact
of
chro
nic
expo
sure
to c
omm
u-ni
ty v
iole
nce
on c
hild
ren
and
fam
ilies
. Thi
s pr
ogra
m s
erve
sas
a n
atio
nal m
odel
for
polic
e-m
enta
l hea
lth p
artn
er-
ship
s ac
ross
the
coun
try.
CO
MB
AT
ING
FE
AR
AN
D
RE
STO
RIN
G S
AFE
TY
IN
SCH
OO
L
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
/jjvi
ct.h
tm
Thi
s pu
blic
atio
n fo
cuse
s on
the
natio
nal e
ffor
t to
reac
hyo
uth
who
are
abs
ent o
r tr
u-an
t fro
m s
choo
l bec
ause
of
scho
ol-a
ssoc
iate
d fe
ar a
ndin
timid
atio
n.
CO
NFL
ICT
RE
SOL
UT
ION
ED
UC
AT
ION
: A G
UID
E T
O
IMPL
EM
EN
TIN
G P
RO
GR
AM
S
IN S
CH
OO
LS,
YO
UT
H-
SER
VIN
G O
RG
AN
IZA
TIO
NS,
AN
D C
OM
MU
NIT
Y
AN
D J
UV
EN
ILE
JU
STIC
E
SET
TIN
GS
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
/jjdp
.htm
Thi
s re
fere
nce
tool
off
ers
both
bas
ic in
form
atio
n an
dex
pert
s' e
xper
ienc
e to
ass
ist
educ
ator
s an
d ot
her
yout
h-se
rvin
g pr
ofes
sion
als
in b
uild
-in
g ef
fect
ive
conf
lict r
esol
u-tio
n pr
ogra
ms.
The
gui
de is
base
d on
a s
hare
d vi
sion
that
yout
h of
all
ages
can
lear
nto
dea
l con
stru
ctiv
ely
with
conf
lict a
nd li
ve in
civ
il as
so-
ciat
ion
with
one
ano
ther
.
CR
EA
TIN
G S
AFE
AN
D D
RU
G-
FRE
E S
CH
OO
LS:
AN
AC
TIO
N
GU
IDE
ww
w.e
d.go
v/of
fice
s/O
ESE
/SD
FS/a
ctgu
id/in
dex.
htm
l
Thi
s gu
ide
outli
nes
actio
nst
eps
for
scho
ols,
par
ents
,st
uden
ts, a
nd c
omm
unity
and
busi
ness
gro
ups,
and
pro
vide
sin
form
atio
n br
iefs
on
spec
ific
issu
es a
ffec
ting
scho
ol s
afet
y.It
als
o co
ntai
ns r
esea
rch
and
eval
uatio
n fi
ndin
gs a
nd a
list
of r
esou
rces
and
add
ition
alre
adin
gs.
EA
RL
Y W
AR
NIN
G, T
IME
LY
RE
SPO
NSE
: A G
UID
E T
O S
AFE
SCH
OO
LS
ww
w.e
d.go
v/of
fice
s/O
SER
S/O
SEP/
earl
ywm
.htm
l
Thi
s gu
ide
offe
rs r
esea
rch-
base
d pr
actic
es d
esig
ned
toas
sist
sch
ool c
omm
uniti
es to
iden
tify
war
ning
sig
ns e
arly
and
deve
lop
prev
entio
n,in
terv
entio
n, a
nd c
risi
sre
spon
se p
lans
.
KE
EPI
NG
YO
UN
G P
EO
PLE
IN
SCH
OO
L: C
OM
MU
NIT
Y
PRO
GR
AM
S T
HA
TW
OR
K
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
/jjdp
.htm
Thi
s in
form
atio
n hi
ghlig
hts
drop
out p
reve
ntio
n in
itia-
tives
, with
a p
artic
ular
foc
uson
the
Com
mun
ities
inSc
hool
s in
itiat
ive
and
itsev
alua
tion
by th
e U
rban
Inst
itute
.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
MA
NU
AL
TO
CO
MB
AT
TR
UA
NC
Y
ww
w.e
d.go
v/pu
bs/T
ruan
cy
Thi
s m
anua
l off
ers
pare
nts,
scho
ol o
ffic
ials
, law
enf
orce
-m
ent a
genc
ies,
and
com
mun
i-tie
s a
set o
f pr
inci
ples
tode
sign
thei
r ow
n st
rate
gies
toco
mba
t tru
ancy
and
des
crib
essu
cces
sful
mod
els
of h
owan
ti-tr
uanc
y in
itiat
ives
are
wor
king
in c
omm
uniti
esac
ross
the
natio
n.
ME
NT
OR
ING
: A P
RO
VE
N
DE
LIN
QU
EN
CY
PR
EV
EN
TIO
N
STR
AT
EG
Y
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
/jjdp
.htm
The
res
ults
of
an in
depe
nden
tev
alua
tion
of th
e N
atio
n's
olde
st a
nd la
rges
t men
tori
ngpr
ogra
m, B
ig B
roth
ers/
Big
Sist
ers
of A
mer
ica,
are
pre
-se
nted
her
e. T
he s
tudy
fou
ndth
at m
ento
red
yout
h w
ere
less
like
ly to
sta
rt u
sing
dru
gsor
alc
ohol
, wer
e le
ssas
saul
tive,
ski
pped
few
erda
ys o
f sc
hool
, and
had
bet
-te
r re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith th
eir
pare
nts
and
peer
s th
an s
imi-
lar
yout
h w
ithou
t men
tors
.
PRE
VE
NT
ING
CR
IME
: WH
AT
WO
RK
S, W
HA
T D
OE
SN'T
,
WH
AT
'S P
RO
MIS
ING
ww
w.n
cjrs
.org
Thi
s do
cum
ent c
onta
ins
are
view
of
mor
e th
an 5
00 p
ro-
gram
impa
ct e
valu
atio
ns a
nd
135
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 59
iden
tifie
s w
hat w
orks
, wha
tdo
es n
ot, a
nd w
hat i
s pr
omis
-in
g in
cri
me
prev
entio
n.
RE
AC
HIN
G O
UT
TO
YO
UT
H
OU
T O
F T
HE
ED
UC
AT
ION
MA
INS
TR
EA
Mw
ww
.ncj
rs.o
rg/jj
dp.h
tm
Thi
s bu
lletin
des
crib
es a
new
effo
rt to
red
uce
the
num
ber
of ju
veni
les
who
leav
e sc
hool
prem
atur
ely
and
who
are
at r
isk
of d
elin
quen
cy b
ecau
seth
ey a
re tr
uant
s or
dro
pout
s,af
raid
to a
ttend
sch
ool,
susp
ende
d or
exp
elle
d, o
r in
need
of
help
to b
e re
inte
-gr
ated
into
thei
r m
ains
trea
msc
hool
fro
m th
e ju
veni
leju
stic
e sy
stem
. A s
erie
s of
OJJ
DP
bulle
tins
focu
sing
on e
ffec
tive
prog
ram
s an
din
nova
tive
stra
tegi
es to
rea
chth
ese
child
ren
is in
trod
uced
.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
1r
-
) t
SA
FE
, DR
UG
-FR
EE
, AN
D
EF
FE
CT
IVE
SC
HO
OLS
FO
R A
LL
ST
UD
EN
TS
: WH
AT
WO
RK
S
ww
w.a
ir-d
c.or
g/ce
cp/r
esou
rces
/sa
fe&
drug
_fre
e.m
ain.
htm
Prog
ram
s fo
rmul
ated
und
erth
e Sa
fe a
nd D
rug-
Free
Scho
ols
and
Com
mun
ities
Act
are
eval
uate
d. T
he g
oal o
fth
e pr
ojec
t was
to le
arn
abou
t sch
ools
that
man
aged
to r
educ
e di
scip
line
prob
lem
san
d im
prov
e th
e le
arni
ngan
d be
havi
or o
f al
l stu
dent
s,in
clud
ing
thos
e w
ith d
isab
ili-
ties.
Thi
s re
port
ref
lect
sth
ree
site
vis
its c
ondu
cted
by
a re
sear
ch te
am a
ccom
pani
edby
exp
ert p
anel
s.
SA
FE
AN
D S
MA
RT
: MA
KIN
G
TH
E A
FT
ER
-SC
HO
OL
HO
UR
S
WO
RK
FO
R K
IDS
ww
w.e
d.go
v/pu
bs/
Safe
andS
mar
t
Posi
tive
rese
arch
and
exa
m-
ples
illu
stra
te th
e po
tent
ial
of q
ualit
y af
ter-
scho
ol a
ctiv
i-tie
s to
kee
p ch
ildre
n sa
fe,
out o
f tr
oubl
e, a
nd le
arni
ng.
Spec
ific
ally
, thi
s do
cum
ent
pres
ents
evi
denc
e of
suc
-ce
ssbo
th e
mpi
rica
l and
anec
dota
lfor
aft
er-s
choo
lac
tiviti
es; i
dent
ifie
s ke
yco
mpo
nent
s of
hig
h-qu
ality
prog
ram
s an
d ef
fect
ive
She
pard
Hill
Reg
iona
l Hig
h S
choo
lst
uden
ts in
cla
ss.
prog
ram
pra
ctic
es; a
ndsh
owca
ses
exem
plar
y af
ter-
scho
ol a
nd e
xten
ded
lear
ning
mod
els
from
acr
oss
the
coun
try
with
pro
mis
ing
resu
lts in
our
Nat
ion'
s ef
fort
sto
kee
p ch
ildre
n in
sch
ool
and
on tr
ack
SH
AR
ING
INF
OR
MA
TIO
N
A G
UID
E T
O T
HE
FA
MIL
Y
ED
UC
AT
ION
AL
RIG
HT
S
AN
D P
RIV
AC
Y A
CT
AN
D
PA
RT
ICIP
AT
ION
IN J
UV
EN
II E
JUS
TIC
E P
RO
GR
AM
S
ww
w.n
qrs.
org/
llgen
.htm
Thi
s gu
ide
prov
ides
bas
icin
form
atio
n on
the
Fam
ilyE
duca
tiona
l Rig
hts
and
Priv
acy
Act
for
ele
men
tary
and
seco
ndar
y ed
ucat
ion
prof
essi
onal
s an
d th
ose
invo
lved
in th
e de
liver
yof
ser
vice
s to
juve
nile
s,in
clud
ing
stud
ents
invo
lved
inth
e ju
veni
le ju
stic
e sy
stem
.
TR
UA
NC
Y F
IRS
T S
TE
P T
O A
LIF
ET
IME
OF
PR
OB
I EM
S
ww
w.n
cirs
.org
,/jjd
p.ht
m
Tru
ancy
is a
maj
or p
robl
emin
this
cou
ntry
, bot
h fo
ryo
uth
and
soci
ety
Thi
sin
form
atio
n hi
ghlig
hts
seve
nco
mm
uniti
es w
hose
trua
ncy
redu
ctio
n pr
ogra
ms
are
achi
evin
g go
od r
esul
tsth
roug
h in
nova
tive
appr
oach
-es
that
invo
lve
scho
ols,
law
enf
orce
men
t, fa
mili
es,
busi
ness
es, j
udic
ial a
ndso
cial
ser
vice
age
ncie
s,an
d co
mm
unity
and
you
thse
rvic
e or
gani
zatio
ns.
r
-
-"
-
-
-
-
--
-. -
. --
""'
1 .r
1P,'
decr
ease
in s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
subs
tanc
e ab
use.
How
ever
,
whi
le m
any
stud
ents
wer
e
choo
sing
to h
ave
little
or
no
invo
lvem
ent w
ith il
lega
l sub
-
stan
ces,
ther
e w
ere
enou
gh
stud
ents
stil
l usi
ng d
rugs
and
alco
hol t
o w
arra
nt c
once
rn.
In r
espo
nse
to th
e su
rvdy
resu
lts, S
heph
erd
Hill
eS
itib-
lishe
d a
set o
f obj
ectiv
eS to
be m
et b
y th
e ye
ar 2
000:
The
sch
ool's
obj
ectiv
es in
clud
-
ed: c
reat
ing
an o
rder
ly a
nd
safe
env
ironm
ent f
or s
tude
nts,
redu
cing
sub
stan
ce a
buse
,
and
impr
ovin
g pc
irent
al:k
r;ow
-
ledg
e of
stu
dent
drU
g us
e.
The
sch
ool d
evel
oped
a
com
preh
ensi
ve s
choo
lwid
e
prog
ram
to h
elp
addr
ess
the
need
s of
all
Stu
dent
s an
d ke
lp
deve
lop
stro
ng ie
silie
ncy
skill
s. T
he p
rogr
am in
clud
es a
grad
e 1
thro
ugh
12 h
ealth
inst
ruct
ion
com
pone
nt th
at
wor
ks in
coo
pera
tion
with
othe
r ac
adem
ie -
disc
iplin
es,
scho
ol h
ealth
and
cou
nsel
ing
serv
ices
, and
com
mun
ity-
base
d se
rvic
es. E
ach
of th
ese
face
ts w
orks
indi
vidu
ally
and
coop
erat
ivel
y to
pro
vide
stu
-
dent
s w
ith a
saf
e an
d or
derly
lear
ning
env
ironm
ent.
Sch
ool c
ouns
elor
s an
d ps
y-
chol
ogis
ts a
lso
are
avai
labl
e
to p
rovi
de s
tude
nt c
ouns
elin
g,
indi
vidu
al a
sses
smen
ts a
nd
refe
rral
s, to
app
ropr
iate
ser
-
vice
s bo
th in
and
out
side
of
scho
ol F
amily
ser
vice
s an
d
prog
ram
s ar
e al
so in
pla
ce to
prom
ote
soci
al a
nd e
mot
iona
l
grow
th A
par
ent s
uppo
rt
grou
p, le
d by
the
scho
ol p
sy-
chol
ogis
t, m
eets
reg
ular
ly to
disc
uss
adol
esce
nt is
sues
In a
dditi
on to
ext
ensi
ve s
tu-
dent
and
fam
ily s
uppo
rt s
er-
vice
s, S
heph
erd
Hill
Reg
iona
l
Hig
h S
choo
l pro
vide
s st
uden
ts
With
aca
dem
ic a
iSis
icin
ce
thro
ugh
tuto
ring,
aca
dem
ic/
beha
vior
al tr
acki
ng, a
nd
acad
emic
and
wel
lnes
s co
un-
selin
g C
ore
cUrr
icul
urri
inst
ruct
ors
mee
t afte
r sc
hool
on a
reg
ular
bas
is to
ass
ist
stud
ents
in d
evel
opin
g or
gani
-
zatio
n sk
ills
and
com
plet
ing
hom
ewor
k S
ince
the
impl
e-
men
tatio
n of
thes
e ac
adem
ic
prog
ram
s, th
e sc
hool
has
expe
rienc
ed a
65
perc
ent
impr
ovem
ent i
n co
re s
ubje
ct
grad
es
Sin
ce im
plem
entin
g th
e pr
o-
gram
in 1
989
and
adm
inis
-
terin
g an
nual
stu
dent
dru
g
use
"sur
veys
in 1
992,
She
pher
d H
ill h
as s
een
decr
ease
s in
the
num
ber
of
stud
ents
usi
ng to
bacc
o, a
lco-
hol,
and
mar
ijuan
a T
he p
er-
cent
age
of 7
th a
nd 8
th g
rade
stud
ents
rep
ortin
g ev
er h
avin
g
used
cig
aret
tes
decr
ease
d
from
51
perc
ent i
n 19
92-9
3
to 4
4 pe
rcen
t in
1996
-97
In
addi
tion,
the
perc
enta
ge o
f
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9
and
10
repo
rted
a d
ecre
ase
in a
lco-
hol u
se, f
rom
19
perc
ent i
n
1992
-93
to le
ss th
an 6
per
-
cent
in 1
997-
98
She
pher
d H
ill R
egio
nal
Hig
h S
choo
lD
udle
y, M
assa
chus
etts
Juni
or/S
enio
r H
igh
Sch
ool,
Gra
des
7-12
1,49
9 st
uden
tsT
own
Sch
ool S
afet
y F
ocus
:
Dru
g P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Edu
catio
n le
sson
s In
fuse
d in
Cur
ricul
um
Sch
ool /
Com
mun
ity P
reve
ntio
n
Par
tner
ship
s
Stu
dent
Ass
ista
nce
Pro
gram
Sup
port
ive
Sch
ool C
limat
eS
tude
nt-r
un In
itiat
ives
1.38
Con
tact
Sea
n G
ilrei
n, p
rinci
pal
She
pher
d H
ill R
egio
nal
Hig
h S
choo
l
68 D
udle
y- O
xfor
d R
oad
Dud
ley;
'MA
015
71
(508
) 94
3-67
00 (
phon
e)(5
08)
943-
5956
(fa
x)w
ww
.ultr
anet
.com
/she
phill
/inde
x
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Ann
ual R
epor
t
OR
GA
NIZ
AT
ION
S
AM
ER
ICA
N F
ED
ER
AT
ION
OF
TE
AC
HE
RS
555
New
Jer
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Ave
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hing
ton,
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AC
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SYC
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TR
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S O
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AM
ER
ICA
866
Car
lton
Ave
nue
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land
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YS
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D G
IRL
S C
LU
BS
OF
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AN
D P
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VE
NT
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OF
VIO
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NC
E
Uni
vers
ity o
f C
olor
ado,
Cam
pus
Box
442
Bou
lder
, CO
803
06(3
03)
492-
1032
ww
w.c
olor
ado.
edu/
UC
B/
Res
earc
h/op
t,
CH
ILD
RE
N'S
DE
FEN
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UN
D
25 E
Str
eet,
NW
Was
hing
ton,
DC
200
01(2
02)
628-
8787
CO
MM
UN
ITY
ME
NT
AL
HE
AL
TH
CO
UN
CIL
Attn
: Dr.
Car
l Bel
l87
04 S
outh
Con
stan
ce S
tree
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L 6
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PO
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Publ
icat
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ION
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ET
WO
RK
601
Eas
t Mon
teci
to S
tree
tP.
O. B
ox 4
2506
Sant
a B
arba
ra, C
A 9
3140
(508
) 58
0-78
56
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE14
1
WE
B S
ITE
S
NA
TIO
NA
L R
ESO
UR
CE
CE
NT
ER
FO
R S
AFE
SC
HO
OL
S
ww
w.s
afet
yzon
e.or
g
The
Nat
iona
l Res
ourc
eC
ente
r fo
r Sa
fe S
choo
lsw
orks
with
sch
ools
,co
mm
uniti
es, s
tate
and
loca
led
ucat
ion
agen
cies
, and
othe
r co
ncer
ned
indi
vidu
als
and
agen
cies
to c
reat
e sa
fele
arni
ng e
nvir
onm
ents
and
prev
ent s
choo
l vio
lenc
e.C
reat
ing
a sa
fe s
choo
lre
quir
es th
e la
rger
sch
ool
com
mun
ity to
em
brac
e a
vari
ety
of s
afet
y st
rate
gies
, as
no o
ne m
easu
re, i
n its
elf,
will
offe
r a
com
plet
e so
lutio
n.R
athe
r, s
choo
ls, f
amili
es,
com
mun
ities
, stu
dent
s, b
usi-
ness
es, l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent
agen
cies
, and
the
med
ia m
ust
wor
k to
geth
er to
bui
ld a
ndm
odel
an
envi
ronm
ent c
on-
duci
ve to
lear
ning
to p
re-
vent
, ide
ntif
y an
d re
spon
d to
risk
s to
sch
ool s
afet
y, a
nd to
inte
rven
e im
med
iate
ly a
ndre
spon
sibl
y sh
ould
inci
dent
sof
vio
lenc
e oc
cur.
Safe
sch
ool s
trat
egie
s ra
nge
from
est
ablis
hing
you
thco
urts
and
men
tori
ng p
ro-
gram
s to
inco
rpor
atin
g co
n-fl
ict r
esol
utio
n ed
ucat
ion
into
scho
ol p
rogr
amm
ing
toen
hanc
ing
build
ing
safe
ty;
hiri
ng s
choo
l res
ourc
e of
fi-
cers
; est
ablis
hing
or
expa
nd-
ing
befo
re a
nd a
fter
-sch
ool
prog
ram
min
g an
d ad
optin
gpo
licie
s an
d pr
oced
ures
that
are
cons
iste
nt, c
lear
, and
deve
lope
d co
llabo
rativ
ely
byth
e sc
hool
com
mun
ity.
The
Nat
iona
l Res
ourc
eC
ente
r fo
r Sa
fe S
choo
ls is
oper
ated
by
the
Nor
thw
est
Reg
iona
l Edu
catio
nal L
abor
-at
ory
and
was
est
ablis
hed
with
fun
ding
fro
m th
e U
.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f E
duca
tion'
sSa
fe a
nd D
rug-
Free
Sch
ools
Prog
ram
and
the
U.S
.D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice'
sO
ffic
e of
Juv
enile
Jus
tice
and
Del
inqu
ency
Pre
vent
ion.
HA
MIL
TO
N F
ISH
NA
TIO
NA
L
INST
ITU
TE
ON
SC
HO
OL
AN
D
CO
MM
UN
ITY
VIO
LE
NC
E
ww
w.h
amfi
sh.o
rg
The
Ins
titut
e, w
ith a
ssis
tanc
efr
om O
JJD
P, w
as f
ound
ed in
1997
to s
erve
as
a na
tiona
lre
sour
ce to
test
the
effe
ctiv
e-ne
ss o
f sc
hool
vio
lenc
e pr
e-ve
ntio
n m
etho
ds a
nd to
deve
lop
mor
e ef
fect
ive
stra
te-
gies
. The
Ins
titut
e's
goal
is to
dete
rmin
e w
hat w
orks
and
wha
t can
be
repl
icat
ed to
redu
ce v
iole
nce
in A
mer
ica'
ssc
hool
s an
d th
eir
imm
edia
teco
mm
uniti
es. T
he I
nstit
ute
wor
ks w
ith a
con
sort
ium
of
seve
n un
iver
sitie
s w
hose
key
staf
f m
embe
rs h
ave
expe
rtis
e
in a
dole
scen
t vio
lenc
e, c
rim
i-no
logy
, law
enf
orce
men
t,su
bsta
nce
abus
e, ju
veni
le ju
s-tic
e, g
angs
, pub
lic h
ealth
,ed
ucat
ion,
beh
avio
r di
sor-
ders
, soc
ial s
kills
dev
elop
-m
ent,
and
prev
entio
n pr
o-gr
ams.
The
Geo
rge
Was
hing
ton
Uni
vers
ity d
evel
-op
s an
d te
sts
viol
ence
pre
ven-
tion
stra
tegi
es in
col
labo
ra-
tion
with
the
follo
win
g un
i-ve
rsiti
es: F
lori
da S
tate
Uni
vers
ity, M
oreh
ouse
Sch
ool
of M
edic
ine,
Syr
acus
eU
nive
rsity
, Eas
tern
Ken
tuck
yU
nive
rsity
, Uni
vers
ity o
fO
rego
n, a
nd U
nive
rsity
of
Wis
cons
in-M
ilwau
kee.
BL
UE
PRIN
TS
FOR
VIO
LE
NC
E
PRE
VE
NT
ION
ww
w.C
olor
ado.
ED
U/c
spv/
blue
prin
ts
The
Cen
ter
for
the
Stud
y an
dPr
even
tion
of V
iole
nce,
with
fund
ing
from
the
Col
orad
oD
ivis
ion
of C
rim
inal
Jus
tice
and
the
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion
(and
late
r fr
om th
e Pe
nnsy
lvan
iaC
omm
issi
on o
n C
rim
e an
dD
elin
quen
cy),
initi
ated
a p
ro-
ject
to id
entif
y 10
vio
lenc
epr
even
tion
prog
ram
s th
at m
eta
very
hig
h sc
ient
ific
sta
ndar
dof
pro
gram
eff
ectiv
enes
s, p
ro-
gram
s th
at c
ould
pro
vide
an
initi
al n
ucle
us f
or a
nat
iona
lvi
olen
ce p
reve
ntio
n in
itiat
ive.
Blu
epri
nts
wer
e de
sign
ed to
be v
ery
prac
tical
des
crip
tions
of e
ffec
tive
prog
ram
s to
allo
w S
tate
s, c
omm
uniti
es,
and
indi
vidu
al a
genc
ies
to:
(1)
dete
rmin
e th
e ap
prop
riat
e-ne
ss o
f th
is in
terv
entio
n fo
rth
eir
Stat
e or
com
mun
ity,
(2)
prov
ide
a re
alis
tic c
ost
estim
ate
for
this
inte
rven
tion,
(3)
prov
ide
an a
sses
smen
t of
the
orga
niza
tiona
l cap
acity
need
ed to
ens
ure
its s
ucce
ss-
ful s
tart
-up
and
oper
atio
nov
er ti
me,
and
(4)
giv
e so
me
indi
catio
n of
the
pote
ntia
lba
rrie
rs a
nd o
bsta
cles
that
mig
ht b
e en
coun
tere
d w
hen
atte
mpt
ing
to im
plem
ent t
his
type
of
inte
rven
tion.
INST
ITU
TE
ON
VIO
LE
NC
E
AN
D D
EST
RU
CT
IVE
BE
HA
VIO
R
ww
w.in
tera
ct.u
oreg
on.e
du/
ivdb
/ivdb
.htm
l
The
Ins
titut
e's
mis
sion
is to
empo
wer
sch
ools
and
soc
ial
serv
ice
agen
cies
to a
ddre
ssvi
olen
ce a
nd d
estr
uctiv
ebe
havi
or a
t the
poi
nt o
fsc
hool
ent
ry a
nd b
eyon
d, to
ensu
re s
afet
y an
d fa
cilit
ate
the
acad
emic
ach
ieve
men
tan
d he
alth
y so
cial
dev
elop
-m
ent o
f ch
ildre
n an
d yo
uth.
Thi
s co
mbi
nes
com
mun
ity,
cam
pus,
and
Sta
te e
ffor
ts to
rese
arch
vio
lenc
e an
dde
stru
ctiv
e be
havi
or a
mon
gch
ildre
n an
d yo
uth.
14
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y63
1
'°4
.4.'
=r
If°
4, ',
\ '
ti ,,,,-
--
c:,
70-;
:,
"11
1
:11
ar
-:
- -
--
-
-
1
- -
I
::-
4
Alth
ough
Put
nam
Cou
nty
has
the
low
est c
rime
rate
in N
ew
Yor
k S
tate
, the
dis
tric
t's n
eeds
asse
ssm
ent i
ndic
ated
that
stu
-
dent
dru
g an
d al
coho
l use
had
incr
ease
d in
gra
des
6-8,
with
use
prim
arily
occ
urrin
g
on th
e w
eeke
nds
in th
e ch
il-
dren
's h
omes
or
hom
es o
f
thei
r fr
iend
s.
With
the
assi
stan
ce o
f a
com
mun
ity/s
choo
l Hea
lth
Adv
isor
y C
ounc
il, a
set
of
prog
ram
prio
ritie
s an
d ob
jec-
tives
wer
e de
velo
ped
to
resp
ond
quic
kly
to th
is d
is-
turb
ing
tren
d. P
utna
m V
alle
y
Mid
dle
Sch
ool h
as d
raw
n
upon
evi
denc
e in
dica
ting
that
stro
ng fa
mily
/sch
ool l
earn
ing
and
child
dev
elop
men
t par
t-
ners
hips
can
red
uce
prob
lem
beha
vior
s, s
uch
as a
lcoh
ol
and
drug
use
. Put
nam
's c
om-
preh
ensi
ve s
ocia
l com
pete
nce
and
heal
th e
duca
tion
appr
oach
is d
esig
ned
to p
ro-
mot
e st
uden
t sel
f-w
orth
, pos
i-
tive
heal
th b
ehav
iors
, soc
ial
skill
, and
pos
itive
rel
atio
n-
ship
s, m
otiv
atio
n to
beh
ave
resp
onsi
bly,
and
ski
lls fo
r
wor
k. T
he c
ultiv
atio
n of
thes
e
valu
es a
nd b
ehav
iors
is p
re-
sent
in e
very
asp
ect o
f sch
ool
lifei
nclu
ding
cor
e cu
rric
ulum
and
coun
selin
g se
ssio
ns. F
or
exam
ple,
eve
ry d
ay b
egin
s
with
less
ons
in c
onfli
ct r
esol
u-
tion,
dom
estic
vio
lenc
e, a
nd
hara
ssm
ent,
with
a g
roup
of
12-1
4 st
uden
ts a
cros
s gr
ade
Pee
r m
edia
tion
is a
lso
avai
labl
e at
all
grad
e le
vels
.
Par
enta
l inv
olve
men
t is
an
inte
gral
par
t of t
he p
lann
ing
and
serv
ices
ava
ilabl
e to
stu
-
dent
s at
Put
nam
Val
ley.
Par
ents
are
invo
lved
in s
hare
d
deci
sion
mak
ing
on th
e
Sch
ool I
mpr
ovem
ent T
eam
and
the
Ste
erin
g C
omm
ittee
.
Mor
e im
port
ant,
pare
nts
serv
e
an e
ssen
tial f
unct
ion
as
reso
urce
adv
isor
s, a
nd p
lan-
ners
on
the
Hea
lth A
dvis
ory
Cou
ncil,
whi
ch s
pons
ors
num
erou
s pa
rent
and
par
-
ent/c
hild
eve
ning
act
iviti
es
thro
ugho
ut th
e ye
ar. T
hrou
gh
.the
Par
ent A
lert
and
Fam
ily
Wel
lnes
s, a
nd "
Str
aigh
t Tal
k"
prog
ram
s, P
utna
m h
as c
reat
-
ed o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
fam
ilies
to n
etw
ork
and
lear
n m
ore
abou
t cre
atin
g he
alth
y re
la-
tions
hips
and
sub
stan
ce a
buse
prev
entio
n.
Sin
ce th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of
thes
e pr
ogra
ms,
par
enta
l
invo
lvem
ent h
as in
crea
sed
subs
tant
ially
. Sin
ce 1
996,
part
icip
atio
n in
the
Par
ent
Ale
rt p
rogr
am h
as in
crea
sed
from
20
pare
nts
to a
ppro
xi-
mat
ely
150
pare
nts,
teac
hers
,
and
stud
ents
.
Eva
luat
ion
data
col
lect
ed
sinc
e im
plem
entin
g th
e co
m-
preh
ensi
ve p
reve
ntio
n pr
o-
gram
indi
cate
that
the
num
ber
of p
rinci
pal r
efer
rals
hav
e
decr
ease
d su
bsta
ntia
lly, f
rom
103
in th
e 19
96-9
7 sc
hool
year
to 6
1 in
199
7-98
. The
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
repo
rted
to p
olic
e al
so d
ecre
ased
from
thre
e in
cide
nts
in 1
996-
97 to
zero
'inci
dent
s in
the
last
two
year
s. A
ccor
ding
to c
linic
al
staf
f, th
e nu
mbe
r of
rep
orts
abou
t dru
g an
d al
coho
l use
and
inci
dent
s in
sch
ool h
ave
also
dec
reas
ed s
ince
199
3,
with
zer
o al
coho
l or
drug
inci
-
dent
s si
nce
1996
.
TH
E N
AT
ION
AL
LO
NG
ITU
DIN
AL
ST
UD
Y
OF
AD
OL
ESC
EN
T
HE
AL
TH
(A
DD
HE
AL
TH
)
ww
w.c
pc.u
nc.e
du/p
roje
cts/
addh
ealth
/add
heal
th_
hom
e.ht
ml
Add
Hea
lth is
a s
choo
l-ba
sed
stud
y of
the
heal
th-r
elat
edbe
havi
ors
of a
dole
scen
ts in
grad
es 7
to 1
2. I
t has
bee
nde
sign
ed to
exp
lore
the
caus
-es
of
thes
e be
havi
ors,
with
an
emph
asis
on
the
infl
uenc
e of
soci
al c
onte
xt. A
dd H
ealth
post
ulat
es th
at f
amili
es,
frie
nds,
sch
ools
, and
com
mu-
nitie
s pl
ay r
oles
in th
e liv
es o
fad
oles
cent
s th
at m
ay e
ncou
r-ag
e he
alth
y ch
oice
s of
act
ivi-
ties
or m
ay le
ad to
unh
ealth
y,se
lf-d
estr
uctiv
e be
havi
ors.
LA
W-R
EL
AT
ED
ED
UC
AT
ION
(LR
E)
ww
w.a
bane
t.org
/pub
liced
/yo
uthi
yout
h.ht
ml
Law
-Rel
ated
Edu
catio
nte
ache
s el
emen
tary
and
sec
-on
dary
stu
dent
s ab
out t
hefo
unda
tions
of
our
cons
-tit
utio
nal r
epub
lic a
nd th
eir
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
and
righ
ts a
sci
tizen
s. T
hrou
gh L
RE
, stu
-de
nts
deve
lop
uniq
ue in
sigh
tsth
at p
rom
ote
soci
al r
espo
nsi-
bilit
y, r
eaff
irm
the
fund
amen
-ta
l val
ues
of r
ight
and
wro
ng,
and
insp
ire
a co
mm
itmen
t to
good
citi
zens
hip.
LR
E p
ro-
gram
s th
at h
ave
been
dem
on-
stra
ted
to b
e ef
fect
ive
can
bein
tegr
ated
into
exi
stin
g co
urs-
es (
e.g.
, gov
ernm
ent,
civi
cs,
and
hist
ory)
; off
ered
as
elec
tives
(e.
g., h
igh
scho
olpr
actic
al la
w c
ours
e); u
sed
as th
e fo
cus
of a
spe
cial
eve
nt(e
.g.,
moc
k tr
ial c
ompe
titio
n,m
ock
cong
ress
iona
l hea
ring
s,m
ock
med
iatio
ns, e
tc.)
; and
used
as
com
pone
nts
of a
naf
ter-
scho
ol p
rogr
am.
Spec
ializ
ed L
RE
pro
gram
sha
ve b
een
deve
lope
d an
dte
sted
with
the
high
est a
t-ri
skgr
oups
of
yout
h, in
clud
ing
gang
mem
bers
, tee
n pa
rent
s,an
d yo
uth
alre
ady
in th
eju
veni
le ju
stic
e sy
stem
. LR
Epr
ogra
ms
exis
t at t
he lo
cal
(sch
ool)
leve
l, st
atew
ide,
and
at th
e na
tiona
l lev
el. T
hese
prog
ram
s re
cogn
ize
the
need
for
part
ners
hips
with
law
enfo
rcem
ent,
the
bar,
the
benc
h, a
nd o
ther
gro
ups.
NA
TIO
NA
L S
CH
OO
L S
AFE
TY
CE
NT
ER
ww
w.n
sscl
.org
The
Nat
iona
l Sch
ool S
afet
yC
ente
r (N
SSC
) w
as c
reat
edby
pre
side
ntia
l dir
ectiv
e in
1984
to m
eet t
he g
row
ing
need
for
add
ition
al tr
aini
ngan
d pr
epar
atio
n in
sch
ool
crim
e an
d vi
olen
ce p
reve
n-tio
n. A
ffili
ated
with
Pepp
erdi
ne U
nive
rsity
, NSS
C
141G
is a
non
prof
it or
gani
zatio
nw
hose
cha
rge
is to
pro
mot
esa
fe s
choo
lsfr
ee o
f cr
ime
and
viol
ence
and
to h
elp
ensu
re a
qua
lity
educ
atio
nfo
r al
l Am
eric
a's
child
ren.
NA
TIO
NA
L Y
OU
TH
GA
NG
CE
NT
ER
(N
YG
C)
ww
w.ii
r.co
niln
ygc
The
pur
pose
of
the
Nat
iona
lY
outh
Gan
g C
ente
r is
toex
pand
and
mai
ntai
n th
ebo
dy o
f cr
itica
l kno
wle
dge
abou
t you
th g
angs
and
eff
ec-
tive
resp
onse
s to
them
. The
NY
GC
ass
ists
Sta
te a
nd lo
cal
juri
sdic
tions
in th
e co
llect
ion,
anal
ysis
, and
exc
hang
e of
info
rmat
ion
on g
ang-
rela
ted
dem
ogra
phic
s, le
gisl
atio
n,lit
erat
ure,
res
earc
h, a
ndpr
omis
ing
prog
ram
str
ateg
ies.
It a
lso
coor
dina
tes
activ
ities
of O
JJD
P Y
outh
Gan
gC
onso
rtiu
m, a
gro
up o
fFe
dera
l age
ncie
s, g
ang
prog
ram
rep
rese
ntat
ives
,an
d se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers.
PAR
TN
ER
SHIP
S A
GA
INST
VIO
LE
NC
E N
ET
WO
RK
ww
w.p
avne
t.org
PAV
NE
T O
nlin
e is
a v
irtu
allib
rary
of
info
rmat
ion
abou
tvi
olen
ce a
nd y
outh
-at-
risk
,re
pres
entin
g da
ta f
rom
sev
endi
ffer
ent F
eder
al a
genc
ies.
It
is a
one
-sto
p, s
earc
habl
ein
form
atio
n re
sour
ce to
hel
pre
duce
red
unda
ncy
in in
for-
mat
ion
man
agem
ent a
nd p
ro-
vide
cle
ar a
nd c
ompr
ehen
sive
acce
ss to
info
rmat
ion
for
Stat
es a
nd lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es.
SCH
OO
L M
EN
TA
L H
EA
LT
H
PRO
JEC
T/C
EN
TE
RFO
R M
EN
TA
L H
EA
LT
H I
N
SCH
OO
LS
(UC
LA
)
ww
w.s
nihp
.psy
ch.u
cla.
edu
The
Cen
ter's
mis
sion
is to
impr
ove
outc
omes
for
you
thby
enh
anci
ng p
olic
ies,
pro
-gr
ams,
and
pra
ctic
es r
elev
ant
to m
enta
l hea
lth in
sch
ools
,w
ith s
peci
fic
atte
ntio
n to
stra
tegi
es th
at c
an c
ount
erfr
agm
enta
tion
and
enha
nce
colla
bora
tion
betw
een
scho
olan
d co
mm
unity
pro
gram
s.
147
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afet
y 65
RE
FE
RE
NC
ES
For
spe
cific
info
rmat
ion
abou
tth
e st
udie
s us
ed fo
r th
is r
epor
t,pl
ease
see
Indi
cato
rs o
fS
choo
l Crim
e an
d S
afet
y,19
99,
by P
. Kau
fman
, X.
Che
n, S
. P. C
hoy,
K. A
.C
hand
ler,
C. D
. Cha
pman
, M.
R. R
and,
and
C. R
inge
l. U
.S.
Dep
artm
ents
of E
duca
tion
and
Just
ice.
NC
ES
99-
251/
NC
J-
1722
15. W
ashi
ngto
n, D
C:
1998
.
Indi
cato
rs o
f Sch
ool C
rime
and
Saf
ety,
1999
,ca
n be
dow
nloa
ded
from
the
Wor
ldW
ide
Web
at
http
://nc
es.e
d.go
v or
http
://w
ww
.oip
.usd
oi.g
ov/b
is/
Sin
gle
publ
icat
ions
can
be
orde
red
thro
ugh
ED
Pub
s at
(800
) 4E
D-P
UB
S (
NC
ES
99-
251)
or (
877)
576
-773
4 (T
TY
/TT
D),
and
thro
ugh
the
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics
Cle
arin
g-ho
use
at (
800)
732
-327
7
(NC
J-17
2215
).
DA
TA
SO
UR
CE
S FO
R T
HIS
RE
POR
T I
NC
LU
DE
:
Mon
itorin
gth
e F
utur
e: A
Con
tinui
ng S
tudy
of
Am
eric
an Y
outh
, Uni
vers
ityof
Mic
higa
n's
Inst
itute
for
Soci
al R
esea
rch.
Thi
s is
an
ongo
ing
surv
eyco
nduc
ted
tost
udy
chan
ges
in im
port
ant v
alue
s, b
ehav
-io
rs, a
nd li
fest
yle
orie
ntat
ions
148
66 A
nnua
l Rep
ort o
n Sc
hool
Saf
ety
of A
mer
ican
you
th. S
ince
1975
, the
stu
dy h
as s
urve
yed
a la
rge,
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of U
.S. h
igh
scho
ol s
enio
rs.
Surv
ey to
pics
incl
ude
atti-
tude
s to
war
d ed
ucat
ion,
soci
al p
robl
ems,
occ
upa-
tiona
l aim
s, m
arita
l and
fam
i-ly
pla
ns, a
nd d
evia
ntbe
havi
or a
nd v
ictim
izat
ion.
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
nSu
rvey
, Bur
eau
of J
ustic
eSt
atis
tics.
Adm
inis
tere
d fo
r th
e B
urea
uof
Jus
tice
Stat
istic
s by
the
Bur
eau
of th
e C
ensu
s, th
is is
the
natio
n's
prim
ary
sour
ceof
info
rmat
ion
on c
rim
e vi
c-tim
izat
ion
and
vict
ims
ofcr
ime.
The
stu
dy, i
nitia
ted
in19
72 a
nd r
edes
igne
d in
199
2,co
llect
s de
taile
d in
form
atio
non
the
natu
re a
nd f
requ
ency
of th
e cr
imes
of
rape
, sex
ual
assa
ult,
robb
ery,
agg
rava
ted
and
sim
ple
assa
ult,
thef
t,ho
useh
old
burg
lary
, and
mot
or v
ehic
le th
eft e
xper
i-en
ced
by A
mer
ican
s an
d th
eir
hous
ehol
ds e
ach
year
. The
surv
ey m
easu
res
crim
esre
port
ed a
s w
ell a
s th
ose
not
repo
rted
to p
olic
e.
Nat
iona
l Sch
ool-
Bas
ed Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (
YR
BSS
), C
ente
rs f
orD
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
ndPr
even
tion.
Thi
s st
udy
is o
ne c
ompo
nent
of th
e la
rger
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
,an
epi
dem
iolo
gica
l sur
veil-
lanc
e sy
stem
dev
elop
ed b
yth
e C
ente
rs f
or D
isea
seC
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n to
mon
itor
yout
h be
havi
ors
that
mos
t inf
luen
ce h
ealth
. The
YR
BSS
foc
uses
on
beha
vior
sth
at r
esul
t in
sign
ific
ant m
or-
talit
y, m
orbi
dity
, dis
abili
ty,
and
soci
al p
robl
ems
duri
ngbo
th y
outh
and
adu
lthoo
d.T
he r
epor
t use
s 19
93, 1
995,
and
1997
YR
BSS
dat
a. F
orm
ore
info
rmat
ion,
con
tact
the
Div
isio
n of
Ado
lesc
ent
and
Scho
ol H
ealth
at (
770)
488-
3257
.
The
Scho
ol-A
ssoc
iate
dV
iole
nt D
eath
s St
udy,
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Prev
entio
n an
d th
e U
.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f E
duca
tion.
Thi
s st
udy
is n
eari
ng c
ompl
e-tio
n an
d ha
s co
llect
edde
scri
ptiv
e da
ta o
n al
l sch
ool-
asso
ciat
ed v
iole
nt d
eath
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es. T
he s
tudy
peri
od is
fro
m J
uly
1, 1
994,
to J
une
30, 1
998.
The
pur
pose
of th
e st
udy
is to
est
imat
e th
ele
vel o
f ri
sk f
or s
choo
l-as
soci
-at
ed v
iole
nt d
eath
s an
d to
iden
tify
pote
ntia
l ris
k fa
ctor
sfo
r th
ese
deat
hs.
Thi
rd I
nter
natio
nal
Mat
hem
atic
s an
d Sc
ienc
eSt
udy
(TIM
SS),
Nat
iona
lC
ente
r fo
r E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal S
cien
ceFo
unda
tion,
and
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f C
anad
a.
Thi
s st
udy
colle
cts
asse
ssm
ent
data
fro
m s
tude
nts,
as
wel
l as
desc
ript
iVe
data
fro
m s
tu-
dent
s, te
ache
rs, a
nd s
choo
ls.
The
stu
dy, c
ondu
cted
in19
95, c
onsi
sts
of d
ata
on a
half
mill
ion
stud
ents
in 4
1co
untr
ies.
For
mor
e in
for-
mat
ion
on T
IMSS
, cal
l the
TIM
SS c
usto
mer
ser
vice
line
at (
202)
219
-133
3.
The
WH
O S
tudy
of
Hea
lthB
ehav
ior
in S
choo
l-A
ged
Chi
ldre
n, U
.S. N
atio
nal
Inst
itute
of
Chi
ld H
ealth
and
Hum
an D
evel
opm
ent
(NIC
HD
).
Thi
s sc
hool
-bas
ed r
esea
rch
stud
y, p
erfo
rmed
for
the
firs
ttim
e in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es in
1997
-98,
and
has
bee
n co
n-du
cted
eve
ry f
our
year
s by
Eur
opea
n co
untr
ies
sinc
e19
82. T
he r
esea
rch
goal
is to
incr
ease
our
und
erst
andi
ng o
fhe
alth
beh
avio
rs, l
ifes
tyle
s,an
d th
eir
cont
ext i
n yo
ung
peop
le a
ges
11 to
15
year
s.T
he s
tudy
pro
vide
s da
ta o
n12
0,00
0 st
uden
ts f
rom
28
coun
trie
s fo
r th
e 19
97-9
8sc
hool
yea
r. F
or 14
mor
e in
form
atio
n, c
onta
ctN
ICH
D a
t (30
1) 4
96-5
133.
The
FB
I's U
nifo
rm C
rim
eR
epor
ts: H
ate
Cri
me
Stat
istic
s.
Thi
s pu
blic
atio
n ca
n be
orde
red
by te
leph
one
or b
ym
ail b
y co
ntac
ting:
Fed
eral
Bur
eau
of I
nves
tigat
ion,
Cri
min
al J
ustic
e In
form
atio
nSe
rvic
es D
ivis
ion,
Pro
gram
sSu
ppor
t Sec
tion,
100
0 C
uste
rH
ollo
w R
oad,
Cla
rksb
urg,
WV
263
06, o
r by
pho
ne a
t(3
04)
625-
4995
.
Nat
iona
l Ass
essm
ent o
fE
duca
tiona
l Pro
gres
s,N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
rE
duca
tiona
l Sta
tistic
s.
The
Nat
iona
l Ass
essm
ent o
fE
duca
tiona
l Pro
gres
s is
the
only
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
ean
d co
ntin
uing
ass
essm
ent o
fw
hat A
mer
ica'
s st
uden
tskn
ow a
nd c
an d
o in
var
ious
subj
ect a
reas
. Sin
ce 1
969,
asse
ssm
ents
hav
e be
en c
on-
duct
ed p
erio
dica
lly in
rea
d-in
g, m
athe
mat
ics,
sci
ence
,w
ritin
g, h
isto
ry, g
eogr
aphy
,th
e ar
ts, a
nd o
ther
fie
lds.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, c
onta
ctth
e N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
rE
duca
tiona
l Sta
tistic
s, 5
55N
ew J
erse
y A
venu
e, N
W,
Was
hing
ton,
DC
202
08-5
574,
or c
all (
202)
219
-182
8.
U.S
. DE
PA
RT
ME
NT
OF
ED
UC
AT
ION
Ric
hard
W. R
iley
Sec
reta
ry
U.S
. DE
PA
RT
ME
NT
OF
JUS
TIC
E
Jane
t Ren
o
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
Nov
embe
r 19
99
Thi
s bo
ok is
in th
e pu
blic
dom
ain.
Aut
horiz
atio
nto
rep
rodu
ce it
in w
hole
or in
par
t for
edu
catio
nal p
ur-
pose
s is
gra
nted
. Whi
le p
er-
mis
sion
to r
eprin
t thi
spu
blic
atio
n is
not
nec
essa
ry,
the
cita
tion
shou
ld b
e:U
.S. D
epar
tmen
ts o
fE
duca
tion
and
Just
ice
(199
9).
1999
Ann
ual R
epor
t on
Sch
ool S
afoy
. Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.
Des
ign:
Bet
h S
inge
r D
esig
n,W
ashi
ngto
n, D
C.
To
Ord
er T
his
Pub
licat
ion:
Mai
l req
uest
to:
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artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n
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catio
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ublic
atio
ns C
ente
r(E
D P
ubs)
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. Box
139
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ssup
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, 207
94-1
398
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epho
ne (
toll-
free
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ubs
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pute
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info
rma-
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cal
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Alte
rnat
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orm
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wee
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ern
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day
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ay.
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leis
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1dai
re
To
Con
tact
Us:
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artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
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ffice
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lem
enta
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ndS
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dary
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catio
nS
afe
and
Dru
g-F
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ools
Pro
gram
400
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ylan
d A
ve.,
SW
Was
hing
ton,
DC
202
02-6
123
Tel
epho
ne: (
202)
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4E
-mai
l: sa
fesc
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eb s
ite: w
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es/O
ES
E/S
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onta
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