Repository Sources of Subarctic Photographs

Repository Sources of Subarctic PhotographsAuthor(s): Joanna Cohan SchererSource: Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (1981), pp. 59-65Published by: University of Wisconsin PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40316001 .

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REPOSITORY SOURCES OF SUBARCTIC PHOTOGRAPHS

JOANNA COHAN SCHERER

ABSTRACT

The following is a compendium of 39 sources of visuals of Indians of the subarctic which will help researchers locate mainly historical, but also contemporary photographs. These collections are accessible to scholars and all have some facility (although some are limited) for providing copy photographs or xeroxes. This compendium will allow researchers to find and to use photographic material as a corpus created by their photographers, rather than as isolated shots selected for their intrinsic appeal. An emphasis on using entire collections will add a needed dimension to the ethnohi story of the groups included.

This compendium of sources of black and white photographs of Indians of the subarctic is the culmination of several years of research for the subarctic volume of the Handbook of North American Indians (Helm 1981). It lists collections of historical and contemporary visuals including both formal portraits and photographs taken in ethnographic context. The format I have used for this listing includes the name and address of each repository housing specific collections, a brief description of how the collections are organized, approximate number of prints in the collections, selected photographers and special photographic finding aids if available. All the repositories listed make their collections accessible to serious researchers. The compendium does not reference drawings, paintings, lithographs or artifact photographs since these have not been my primary interest. It covers only United States and Canadian repositories1 although other material can be found in Europe and the Soviet Union. In sum, this listing is a short- hand description of sources of subarctic photographs which have important collections for future research.

It is difficult to determine the exact number of unique photos in a particular repository because of several variables (i.e. the number of photographs available to a re- searcher versus the number of negatives or uncatalogued material which always exist in collections; the number of photographs

considered "valuable" for research versus the many duplicate or marginal prints in any collection). With these limitations in mind I have, however, tried to give the reader a point of reference in the compendium regarding the quantity of unique photos available for research.

The tribal categories and orthography are self-explanatory and follow the Handbook sys- tem with the exception of "Historical". This category refers to photographs of Indian schools, Indian missions and churches, steam- boats, York boats, dog teams, Hudson's Bay Company or other trading posts, road houses, exploration parties, treaty gatherings for more than one tribal group or for which the Indian group is unknown, and anthropologists or other non-Indian workers in the field.

Duplicate and/or copy prints2 exist in most photographic repositories, but I have attempted whenever possible to cite only those repositories with the original negatives or best original prints. Thus, while Edward S. Curtis1 prints appear in almost every major collection, the Smithsonian's National Anthro- pological Archives will be the only source cited for Curtis. The Archives not only has the original 20 published volumes (1907-1930), but also the Library of Congress copyright original prints for these volumes with some unpublished views submitted by Curtis. Some of Curtis1 original negatives may still sur- vive in private hands, but no repository, to

1Most of the sources cited here I have visited or else I have corresponded with per- sonnel associated with them. Helpful information on some repositories was also made available to me by other Handbook staff, especially Laura Greenberg and William C. Sturtevant.

zCopy prints are second generation. They are reproduced from a negative (copy negative) that is made from an original print (a print made from the original negative). Their de- tail and quality are always poorer than the original.

Arctic Anthropology XVIII- 2, 1981 59 Arctic Anthropology XVIII-2, 1981



60 Arctic Anthropology XVIII-2

my knowledge, holds them. Similarly, while many original negatives and prints of William Duncan Strong's 1928 visit to the Montagnais- Naskapi can be found in the Field Museum, some of these negatives have disappeared or de- teriorated beyond use. In this case the compendium lists the Smithsonian collection too, since that repository has an album of anno- tated original prints, a very few original negatives and most importantly Strong's field diaries, which form important adjuncts to the Field Museum's collection.

Identification of a photographer is often difficult because many early photographers sold their original negatives to others who then copyrighted the visuals in their own name or sold the views under their own photographic firm's mounts. Thus, the name appearing on the mount or face of a print may not always be that of the original photographer. The prob- lem of identifying the photographers of the very fine "Brown" collection at the Provincial Museum and Archives of Alberta is discussed in my article introducing these papers.

One other caution to the reader. The dates for the selected photographers or collections should be considered approximations, and have been provided only as a point of reference. The dates are usually those of particular photographs I have researched and thus may not encompass the complete time span during which a

photographer was active in a certain area. In providing this compendium, I hope that

researchers will more easily be able to find and use photographs as a corpus, as they were created by their photographers, and that they will rely less on isolated shots selected for their intrinsic appeal. A concentration on whole collections will add, I believe, another dimension to the ethnohistory of the groups included, a point also made in my introductory article.

Any corrections or additions to this listing will be welcomed.3

Alaska Archives University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 ORGANIZED BY: accession or collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Ahtna; Han; Historical; Ingalik;

Koyukon; Kutchin; Tanaina; Tanana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: C. A. Boerner (n.d.);

Guy F. Cameron (l910-1920s); Cann (1930s); George C. Cantwell (1898-I908); Firm of Case and Draper (William H. Case and Herbert H. Draper- I898-I9OT); C. S. Farnsworth (l899- 1911); H. J. Goetzman (1901); P. S. Hunt

(1900s); Heath A. Ives (1907-1911); Albert J. Johnson (1915).

Alaska Historical Library Alaska State Library Juneau, Alaska 99811 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Ahtna; Han; Ingalik; Koyukon;

Kutchin; Tanaina; Tanana; Tutchone. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: C. L. Andrew (1906-

1918); George G. Cantwell (1898-I908); Firm of Case and Draper (William H. Case and Herbert H. Draper- I898-I907 ); Eric A. Hegg (1897-I9OI); Albert J. Johnson (1915); C. H. Metcalf (l898); Vincent Soboleff (1906); John Thwaites Colin, (n.d.).

American Museum of Natural History Division of Photography Central Park West at 79th Street New York, N.Y. 10024 ORGANIZED BY: collection and/or culture area. QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Beaver; Han; Historical; Northern

Ojibwa; East Main Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Pliny E. Goddard

(1916); Alanson Skinner (1908-1909).

American National Red Cross National Headquarters Washington, D.C. 20006 ORGANIZED BY: area office- i.e., Western

Area: San Francisco; and by topic and service: e.g., Flood Disaster.

QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Tanana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: None by name but

World War II and after.

Anglican Church of Canada General Synod Archives 600 Jarvis Street Toronto, Ontario Canada M*+Y 2J6 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Crée; Han; Inland Tlingit ; Kutchin;

Tagish; Tutchone; Slavey. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Ronald S. Fellows

(1979); Henry W. Jones (1903-1917); Beryl Morris (1979); Isaac 0. Stringer (photographer and collection) ( 1892-1921); Alfred J. Vale (19O9-I92OS); Heber Wilkinson (1923-1925).

Bancroft Library University of California Berkeley, California 9^720 ORGANIZED BY: collection; portraits by name

and by tribe and some subject files. QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Kutchin.

3This compendium has already benefited from the comments of Gayle Barsamian, James VanStone and Jane Walsh.



Scherer: Subarctic Photographic Resources 61

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Keystone View Company (Stereo photos of President Harding1 s trip to Alaska, 1923).

FINDING AIDS: Guide to Pictorial Collection, reference only, not published.

Catholic University Department of Anthropology Washington, D.C. 2006k ORGANIZED BY: anthropologist /photographer. QUANTITY: c. 100. TRIBES: Attikamek (Tête de Boule); Carrier;

West Main Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: John M. Cooper (1925,

1937); Regina Flannery-Herzfeld (1935).

Episcopal Church Archives P.O. Box 22^7 Austin, Texas 78767 ORGANIZED BY: Mission District (city) and

missionary /photographer /collector. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Historical; Ingalik; Koyukon; Kutchin;

Tan ana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: John W. Chapman

(l890s-1920s); Frederick B. Drane; Hudson Stuck (19OU-191M.

Field Museum of Natural History Division of Photography Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Chipewyan; Montagnais-Naskapi; Tanaina. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Wilfred H. Osgood

(1902); William Duncan Strong (1928); James W. VanStone (196O-61).

Geological Survey of Canada, Photo Librarian 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0E8 ORGANIZED BY: collection, includes Department

of Energy, Mines and Resources Collection. QUANTITY: unknown. TRIBES: Montagnais-Naskapi; Saulteaux. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: J. Burr Tyrrell and

J. W. Tyrrell (brothers) (1883-I9OO).

Glenbow-Alberta Museum Archives, Photo Archives 9th Avenue and 1st Street, S.E. Calgary, Alberta Canada T2G 0P3 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Beaver; Carrier; Chipewyan; Histori-

cal; Ingalik; Inland Tlingit; Métis; Saulteaux; Slavey; Western Woods Crée.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: F. D. Crosby (193*0; Henry W. Jones (1903-1917); Loman Brothers (1912-I91U); Thomas Mather (1890); James Peters (1885); Royal Engineers during

Boundary Survey (1872). FINDING AIDS: Loman Brothers Photographic

Collection, Nome, Alaska, c. 1900-1935 of Glenbow Archives, Series Number 3, Calgary, 1968.

Heye Foundation Museum of the American Indian Photo Department Broadway at 155th Street New York, N.Y. 10032 ORGANIZED BY: tribe and subject and special

collection; Ethnology and Archaeology (no file print file), negatives only.

QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Montagnais-Naskapi; Western Woods

Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Donald A. Cadzow

(19IJ-I926); Frank G. Speck (192U-I926).

Hudson's Bay Company Library 77 Main Street Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R3C 2R1 ORGANIZED BY: subject category - some by tribe. QUANTITY: 500 or more. TRIBES: Bearlake Indians; Carrier; Chipewyan;

Dogrib: East Main Crée; Hare; Historical; Kutchin; Métis; Montagnais-Naskapi; Mountain Indians; Northern Ojibwa; Saulteaux; Slavey; Tutchone; West Main Crée; Western Woods Crée.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: H. Bassett (193U); James L. Cotter (1868-I878); Ferdie DaOjnan (19UO-I9U3); Donald Denmark (.19^1); Rosemary Gilliat (1955); Richard Harrington (19^7-19^9); Henry W. Jones (1903-1917); Adelaide Leitch (1955); James McDougall (1889-I892); Angus Mclvor ( 19^9-1958 ); Edward S. Rogers (1965); R. A. Talbot (1913); Elizabeth Taylor (1892); J. Burr Tyrrell (1883-I9OO).

McGill University Me Cord. Museum Notman Archives 690 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, 110, Quebec Canada H3A 1E9 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Montagnais-Naskapi; West Main Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: G. E. Mack (1920);

W. B. Malloch (n.d.); William Notman (1892-I9OO).

Metropolitan Toronto Central Library 21U College Street Toronto, Ontario Canada M5T 1R3 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY : unknown . TRIBES: Crée; Métis; Montagnais-Naskapi;




SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Humphrey L. Hime (1857-I858).

FINDING AIDS: Landmarks of Canada-, a guide to the J. Ross Robertson Canadian Historical Collection in the Toronto Public Library, 196T, "Toronto and Early Canada," Landmarks of Canada , Volume 3, 196^.

National Archives, The General Services Administration Still Picture Branch Audio-Visual Archives Division Washington, D.C. 20U08 ORGANIZED BY: accession and/or record group;

Record Group 111 - Office of the Chief Signal Officer; Record Group 22- Fish and Wildlife Service; Record Group 126 - Office of Terri- tories; Record Group 76 - Boundary and Claims Commission and Arbitration.

QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Ahtna; Beaver; Koyukon; Kutchin;

Slavey; Tanaina; Tanana; Western Woods Crée; West Main Crée.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: A. M. Bailey (1919); E. C. Barnard (1898); M. Gary (1903); Frank Du Fresne (192U-1927); L. J. Goldman (193U); Miles Brothers (1902-1903); 0. J. Mûrie (192I-I92U); E. A. Preble (19OÓ-19OI).

National Film Board of Canada Photo Library Tunney's Pasture Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0M9 ORGANIZED BY: tribe, photographer and location

(town) . QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Dogrib; East Main Crée; Montagnais-

Naskapi . SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Paul Baich (1968);

Terry Pearce (1968).

National Geographic Society Illustrations Library Gaithersburg , Maryland 20767 ORGANIZED BY: state and photographer. QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Crée; Montagnais-Naskapi; Western

Woods Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: E. S. Covell (1931);

Harrison Howell Walker (1938); J. A. Wilson (1925).

National Museums of Canada Photographic Services Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0M8 ORGANIZED BY: collection, includes pre-

1910 Geological Survey of Canada collection of glass negatives.

QUANTITY: 500 or more. TRIBES: Bearlake Indians; Beaver; Carrier;

Chilcotin; Chipewyan; Dogrib; East Main

Crée; Han; Hare; Historical; Inland Tlingit; Kutchin; Montagnais-Naskapi; Mountain Indians; Saulteaux; Slavey; Sekani; Tagish; Tahltan; Attikamek (Tête de Boule); Tutchone; Western Woods Crée; Yellowknife.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Asen Balikci (1957); C. M. Barbeau (192U, 19^7); Robert Bell (1880); Charles Camseil (1916); D. B. Dowling (1921); Camil Guy (1966); G. S. Hume (1920); Diamond Jenness (1923-1925); Douglas Leechman (l91+5-191+6, 19U8); Dorothy Rainier Libby (19MÎ); A. P. Low (1896); June Helm MacNeish (1957); James Macoun (1910); J. Alden Mason (1913); Catherine McClellan (1951); Cornelius B. Osgood (1928-1929); Harlan I. Smith (1915-1927); James A. Teit (1912, 1915); F. W. Waugh (1921-1922); T. C. Weston (188M; E. J. Whittaker (1919).

Native Press Indian Brotherhood of the Northwest Territories P.O. Box 1919 Yellowknife, N.W.T. Canada ZOE 1H0 [formerly Native Communication Society of

Western N.W.T. ] ORGANIZED BY: unknown. QUANTITY: unknown. TRIBE: Bearlake Indians; Chipewyan; Dogrib;

Hare; Kutchin; Métis; Slavey. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Tapwe Chretien; James

Jerome; David Kelly; Tessa Macintish. All 1970s.

Ontario, Archives of 77 Grenville Street Queen's Park Toronto, Ontario Canada M7A 2R9 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: unknown. TRIBES: Crée; Historical; Métis; Northern

Ojibwa.

Ontario, Ministry of Natural Resources Division of Mines Library W-I603 Whitney Block Parliament Building Queen's Park Toronto, Ontario Canada M7A 1W3 ORGANIZED BY: Department of Mines Annual

Report . QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Crée; Northern Ojibwa; Saulteaux;

West Main Crée. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Not recorded but date

I88OS-I93OS.

Oregon Province Archives of the Society of Jesus

Crosby Library, Gonzaga University Spokane, Washington 99202



Scherer: Subarctic Photographia Resources 63

ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 100. TRIBES: Historical; Ingalik; Koyukon. SELECTED. PHOTOGRAPHERS: N. B. demons (1911);

Coagan and Allen (1917); Jules Jette (1898- 1920s) photographs and collection.

Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Center Government of the Northwest Territory- Department of Justice and Public Services Yellowknife, Northwest Territory- Canada X1A 2L9 ORGANIZED BY: unknown- large parts of collec-

tion uncatalogued as of summer, I98I. QUANTITY: unknown. TRIBES: Eskimo, Historical, Métis. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Henry W. Jones (c.

1905-1935).

Provincial Museum and Archives of Alberta I28U5 102nd Avenue Edmonton, Alberta Canada T5N 0M6 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 100. TRIBES: Beaver; Dogrib; Historical; Kutchin;

Métis; Slavey; Yellowknife. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: William Hanson Boorne

and Ernest Gundry May (1886-I893); Ernest Brown (190U-191I); Charles W. Mathers (l895- 1903).

Provincial Archives and Museum of British Columbia

675 Belleville Street Victoria, British Columbia Canada V8V 1A1 ORGANIZED BY: geographical place-name and

person. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Carrier; Han; Inland Tlingit; Sekani;

Tagish. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Wilson Duff (1952,

and 1962-1966 photos in Museum of Anthro- pology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver); Hirschfield (1899); La Roche (1897-I898); Frank Cyril Swannell (1909-1912, 1927); Matthew Watson (1912).

Provincial Archives of Manitoba 200 Vaughan Street Winnipeg, Manitoga Canada R3C 0V8 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Chipewyan; Crée; Historical; Métis;

Northern Ojibwa; Saulteaux; Western Woods Crée; West Main Crée.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Boundary Commission (1872-I87U); A. Irving Hallowell (193*0; J. F. Rowe (l890s); Vernon Smith (19^5- 19^9); Alfred V. Thomas (19IO); J. Burr Tyrrell ( 1883-1900).

Public Archives of Canada Photographic Section 395 Wellington Street Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0N3 ORGANIZED BY: collection- includes Geologi-

cal Survey of Canada Collection. QUANTITY: 500 or more. TRIBES: Bearlake Indians; Beaver; Chipewyan;

Crée; Dogrib; East Main Crée; Hare; Historical; Kutchin; Montagnais-Naskapi ; Mountain Indians; Métis; Northern Ojibwa; Saulteaux; Slavey; Western Woods Crée; West Main Crée; Yellowknife.

SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: S. J. Bailey (19U8); Robert Bell (1880); Guy Blanchet (1923); L. T. Burwash (1927); Charles Camsell (1916); D. B. Dowling (1921); Carl Engler (1910); A. P. Low (1888); Bernard R. Ross (1867); J. W. 'tyrrell (1883-I898); T. C. West on (188U).

Québec, Gouvernement du Ministère du Tourisme, de la Chasse

de de la Pêche Direction Générale de la Fauve 750 rue Ste-Claire Quebec, Montreal Canada GIR 3CU ORGANIZED BY: unknown. QUANTITY: unknown. TRIBES: East Main Crée; Montagnais-Naskapl.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police Museum P.O. Box 65OO Regina, Saskatchewan Canada SUP 3J7 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Chipewyan; Métis. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Scrip Commission

photographers .

Seattle Historical Society 2161 East Hamlin Street Seattle, Washington 98102 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Ahtna; Han. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Asahel Curtis (I898).

Smithsonian Institution National Anthropological Archives Washington, D.C. 20560 ORGANIZED BY: tribe and/or accession; cross-

referenced by subject, photographer and source.

QUANTITY: c. 250-500. TRIBES: Ahtna; Chipewyan; Crée including

West Main Crée and Western Woods Crée; Historical; Ingalik; Inland Tlingit; Kaska; Koyukon; Kutchin; Montagnais-Naskapi; Slavey; Tahltan; Tanaina; Tanana.




SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Harriet M. Bedell (1916-1927); Henry Bryant (1891); Guy F. Cameron (l910-1920s) ; Rev. John Wight Chapman (l890s-1920s) ; Edward S. Curtis (1926); George T. Emmons (1892); Otto W. Geist (in HrdliSka collection, 1930s); John J. Honigmann (19UU-1955); Ales' HrdliSka (1926-1931); Herbert W. Krieger (192T); Leonard Mason (1938-19^0); Truman Michelson (1935-1936); Miles Brothers (1902-1903); Edward W. Nelson (187T-I881); William Duncan Strong (1928); Lucien M. Turner (1882-I88U).

Tundra Times 639 "I" Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 ORGANIZED BY: subject needed for newspaper. QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Kolchan; Koyukon; Kutchin; Tanana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Mark Kelley (1976);

Jennifer Ortiz (1970s); Ellwood M. Slee (1967).

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service

I62I North Kent Street Room 1013 Washington, D.C. ORGANIZED BY: subject including regional file

- by state and historic file - by state. QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Han. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Leland J. Prater

(1958).

United States Geological Survey, Photographic Library

Denver Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 ORGANIZED BY: subject and geographic location. QUANTITY: c. 100. TRIBES: Ingalik; Kutchin; Tanaina; Tanana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: A. H. Brooks (1898-

1903); E. M. Kindle (1905); W. C. Mendenhall (1898); L. M. Prindle (190U); F. C. Schrader (1905).

University Museum, Photo Archives University of Pennsylvania 33rd and Spruce Streets Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1910U ORGANIZED BY: culture area, tribe and/or

collection. QUANTITY: c. 100. TRIBES: Ahtna; Ingalik; Montagnais-Naskapi;

Tahltan; Tanana. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: G. T. Emmons (190U-

1906); G. B. Gordon (1907); Dora Keen (n.d.); Frank G. Speck (1908-1932).

Washington State Museum Thomas Burke Memorial University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195 ORGANIZED BY: culture area. QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Tahltan.

Washington, University of Suzzallo Library: Special Collections Seattle, Washington 98109 ORGANIZED BY: photographers; subject

categories; Indians subdivided by subject - e.g., portraits, activities.

QUANTITY: 50 or less. TRIBES: Han; Ingalik; Tagish. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: Eric A. Hegg (l89T-

1901); H. J. Goetzman (19OI); Frank Nowell (19OO-I912); Winter and Pond (1895).

Yukon Archives Photography Collection Box 2703 Whitehorse, Yukon Canada Y1A 2C6 ORGANIZED BY: collection. QUANTITY: c. 50-250. TRIBES: Han,; Inland Tlingit; Kaska; Kutchin;

Tagish; Tutchone. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHERS: A. J. Gillis (I898);

Eric A. Hegg (1898); George Johnston (1928, .193*0; C. H. Metcalf (I898); A. Vogee (n.d.); Winter and Pond (1897).

REFERENCES CITED

Curtis, Edward S. 1907- The North American Indians; being 1930 a series of volumes picturing and

describing the Indians of the United States, and Alaska, writ- ten, illustrated, and published by Edward S. Curtis; edited by Frederick Webb Hodge; foreword, Theodore Roosevelt; field research conducted under the patronage of J. Pierpont Morgan (Seattle, Wash.), E. S. Curtis (Cambridge, U.S.A., The University Press). 20 vols., containing frontispieces (vol. 20, colored frontis.), plates. 20 portfolios of numbered plates, 60x50 cm. (Nos. 1-722).

Glenbow Archives 1968 Loman Brothers Photographic Col-

lection, Nome* Alaska, c. 1900- 1935 , Glenbow Archives Series No. 3, Calgary.

Helm, June, ed. 1981 The Subarctic, Handbook of North

American Indians. William C.



Scherer: Subarctic Photographic Resources 65

Sturtevant, gen. ed. Vol. 6, Washington, D.C.

Public Archives of Canada 1979 Guide to Canadian Photographic

Archives, Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Supply and Ser- vices. Canada, HULL, Quebec, Canada, K1A 0S9.

Seigfried, Christopher 198O "The Guide to Canadian Photographic

Archives: A National Inventory Project of the Public Archives of Canada," in Savicom Newsletter, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 6-7.

Toronto Public Library I96U "Toronto and Early Canada," Land-

marks of Canada. Vol. 3. 1967 "A Guide to the J. Ross Robertson

Canadian Historical Collection in the Toronto Public Library," Landmarks of Canada , Vol.

Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C.



Documents

Repository Sources of Subarctic Photographs