Reported Speech

What is it? How do you use it?

Yesterday, I saw my friend Pamela!

She told me that she got a

promotion!

Reported Speechis the grammar we use when we want to tell

another person about a conversation that took place in the past.

We often use reported speech to . . .1. Give someone a telephone message:Example:Example: Ellen said she couldn’t come today because…

2. Tell someone news that we heard from someone else:Example:Example: Tom told me that he and Karen got engaged!

3. To report something that happened:Example:Example: Sam said that the other driver wasn’tpaying attention and hit his car.

How to use reported speech:

When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past.

Therefore, verbs usually change to the past tense in reported speech.

am / is become wasare becomes were

have / has

become had

can / can’t becomecould couldn’t

will / won’t

become

would wouldn’t

TENSE DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

PRESENT SIMPLE We eat healthy food She said that they ate healthy food

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

We are eating healthy food

She said that they were eating healthy food

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

We have eaten healthy food

She said that they had eaten healthy food

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

We have been eating healthy food

She said that they had been eating healthy food

PAST SIMPLE We ate healthy foodShe said that they had eaten healthy food

PAST CONTINUOUS

We were eating healthy food

She said that they had been eating healthy food

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE

We had eaten healthy food

She said that they had eaten healthy food

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

We had been eating healthy food

She said that they had been eating healthy food

FUTURE SIMPLEWe will eat healthy food

She said that they would eat healthy food

MODAL VERBS

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

CAN COULD

MAY MIGHT

MUST / HAVE TO MUST / HAD TO

WILL WOULD

TIME AND PLACE

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Now Then

Today That day

Tonight That night

Yesterday The previous day / the day before

Last week The previous week / the week before

A __________ ago The previous ______ / the _____ before

Tomorrow The following day / the day after / the next day

Next ___________ The following ________ / the _______ after

Here There

Now Then

This

These

That

Those

PRONOUNSI he/she He said:"I am late" - He said he was late.

youhe/she/

they"Will you help me?" - She asked if he would help her.

he/she/ithe/she/

it She said: "He hit me" - She said he had hit her.

we they I said: "We are lost" - He said they were lost.

they theyThey said:"We are hungry" - They said they were hungry.

us themJohn said: "She gave us presents" - John said she had given them presents.

our theirHe said: "Our jobs are at risk" - He said their jobs were at risk.

his/hers/its his/hers/its She said: "It's hers" - She said that it was hers.

Reported speech typically uses the following structure:

Someone said (that) … Sentence, past

ORSomeone told me (that) … Sentence,past

However, in English, you can NEVER say

Someone said me . . .

Examples of Examples of reporting what reporting what

someone said . . .someone said . . .I talked to Sandra yesterday. She was telling me about her job. Her job is quite stressful. Sandra said:

“I’m not happy at my

job anymore. I think I’ll quit.”

Sandra said, “I’m not happy at my job anymore. I think

I’ll quit.Now you want to tell someone else what Sandra said. In this situation, it’s natural to

use reported speech:reported speech: You can say:

Sandra told me that she happy at her job anymore and she she quit.

When a person told you something in the past tense, you can use either the past

tense or the past perfect after the “said” phrase.

ExampleExample::

Tim said:“I worked really hard

today.”

past tensepast tense

past perfect past perfect tensetense

Examples for practice:Examples for practice:

1. Shawn said:“I don’t feel like going to the movies tonight.”

Reported speech:

Shawn said that he didn’t feel like going to the movies tonight.

2. Tina said:“My sister is coming to visit me soon.”

Reported speech:

Tina told me that her sister was coming to visit her soon.

. . . And more examples:

3. The counselor said:“I’ll always be available for your students.”

Reported speech:The counselor said that she would always be available for my students.

4. The students said:“We want to do oral presentations in class so we can practice speaking more.

Reported speech:The students told me that they wantedto do oral presentations so they could practice speaking more.

Do you understand reported speech better

NOWNOW than you did BEFOREBEFORE?

Keep practicing!!! And please . . . ask if you need assistance!

Congratulations!