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gL;rr,pW 13RICl 6!£TIU; OOf('&.tfY·8W!lox PIT.

PPESTOlf" 11££$1 IA.

In AUSU*t, 194'1 tn. au,..au of M1Mral Rtu.ouroe .. , 0.01017 and oeoph,.alee "Ali Hqueate4 \)J 1m. allt'em ~l"10k and 1'11. O.paUJ to. .,an1 out vlbft.t1on '.s'. on that CompaL.¥' S lift,1ok p1 t .. , P".'o~, Vlotoli.a.

_At so •• t1m.- pr8v1ou.l,. portlono! the briok plt .ell Golla-peod tI.ft4 in doing eo bl'Oke a number or waterr.tla1na. It haa been ola1Md that vibration due to blastlna 1n the pit' ill the Vlo1nS.t, of the oollapao4 portion ••• in part or wholl,- . J'.,poDllble tor trur. oollapse an4 conaaqueDt 4aalese to twa .. r maiM although = blutlns .a. 40_ wtthl1'1 2' hot.-U-a Ir~pd1.tell preoeedlna tb$ colla, ...

'l' •• t. _fire cawle4 out ._ the bri'Ok pit OA fJ'eeemb4lJ:r If71m, 194? aM hbruarr and, 194Gb1 ottloe... of tb.e5Ureau. 51. ohars-'. of _ploatft .e,. d.tonated. at d1rterent pOlnt. 1n thfl briok plt an4 the .ap11tude ot theSl'Q\.W.4 move.at w ... Nool'de4. Additional r.cor4." .... _de or grOW'ld move •• ut d_ to otber aaua •• , auoh as)"eh1cul.ar trattle on a publio roa4-"..,a4Jaoont to tlllebr10k plt.

It 1. tho purpose et ~1. "pon to .uamal?1.. •• "$u1tl of the ' •• :t- ·bJ ta'tn~l..t1n& tn. "$:r'10_1 SNwut lAove.a' Neori.a and t, Gape" 011Ct w1 tb another, th. Q.p.11 \ud.. due to cUtf.rent CUlU ••••

T1D types ot "oor411lt:~. 111.trwunt. wero u.e. -OM .. Mobard.Gal 8elalllOil"apb. In.b1Gh the vel'ti •• l .o"_td~ ot the sroun4 1. amplified. bl H .,at .. ot le"o ... a.nel. ,..oor4oa 'b1 pen on pagel' a.t;aoned to revolvlt28 41"\1Jft. 'lb. o'tUl.e,. tJpe comp:r1 •• 4 .. nWlber of ,1ootromqMtl. pickups (geophone.) wbleb. oovert the v.I't10al around IIOV4uaen.t lnto eleoitnoal iapul ••• ~bJ..cb an tmul "cordo' photo8l'1lpbloalll bJ tbe .edt \UIl of vi 'Orat1Qn 8~lvenom.t.r(J. ~lth fah.l. lria'rWlS.$Dtlt wa$ po.alble to reoor4 almultaneoul&lr ~. srou.n4 JDOVU1eD' at thre •• .,parat. statlona A, S, aM 0 due to a 8ingl •• "p10.1.on •

.u'hcn.h tbo ... aUHmellta _4 •. at the Pre.ton brlok pit we" restrioted to "e .. tioal ,round, move.4Int, tho vlbnt1. dl.lO to anI oaUM 1. not OOntlMfi to tbl. 41"ot,loft.

r,rho gr.un4 aoy_ •• , -7 'be .coa.140"4.8 oc:nllpria1ag tWQ eo.m.ponen'., a von1.al oomponent (V) and • horizontal. one (B) wb.loh -7 be 'bllie .. that tbe .... tleal ••. In e.xpe:rlmental. "'JIlt 0 •• 1'184 out b-J' the .IJIl,PIVla1 Oeoph181.a1 F.JtPfJrl .. at lur.,oJ anti bJ tbe U.S.BUftfluotMl ... on ,..1.Jd.. wave. ,6r»rate4 bl • .xplo.l VtUl, 'he "'tic of 1:17V b •• befU'l :toUD4 to "1.17 tro. 0.7 to 2. .36.. lPOrth. pUJ'PO' •• of' 'Ob.la "port howe.er 1 t wl11 be .'IUJJIe4that ttlo total •• pllt •• (I •••. the oombinatlon of hOr1aon\.1 an4 vo",tloal OOlapOMIl'.) w111 not exc •• d 'wloe the vertloal .oapoM.D'_

It 18 an 4Iut~n_a'al tao. tha, ,round. _,,11 tude. due to l.lal0 wa'V •• are B"a'.1* ln 8'011 than 1n .0114 rook, otil'r tactor. M.ina .qul. In ' •• te "arrle4 out b1 the u.s. i:lU .. au of fdn •• " •• tound ~, amplltu4f1ul IW .. ew.4 on over­blU'tl8ra. (tblolt 8(11) •• " tl"O. I to 10 ti ... SNel'er tihan tho •• HQord.. on 80114 pock.

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se.-•. t_UOI1 A (ae. aCGoJlpall711l1 plaut) 1. appX'OX-1.'.17 1&: •• ' otMp1.7 weathered $ha~ of' ola7 .... 11k. conslst.nol. 0 •• would e)tptct tJD.eHtQ" that ,l'ound aap11tud •• ..,.awe'" ., ~$ta'l_ A would b. ~PP,"xl_t.l1 t~ thnetlo 11 "e tilt ••• a ,~~~at.a. oo~r.egondlna a.pll t1.1.dea 1n the un(i.~111ns ahal •• 'OP tla pur'1)OS4IUJ ottihl. "pon hen"evel' 1 t w111 be aa.UM'o tha' ~ _pl1twle at ~}t.t,lonl 1. tour (4) 1;1._". p-$at &$ 'the ocuT •• poJl41D,i .. pl1t'tolM 1n the uud4u."1,1n&il' ahal.. It 1" ••• n 'hfu·.foll'e tbAt1*. tootal -i11twt. in the stull. \Ul~~rl11.ft!; 8t.\10llA w111 ,"count_"" '6. Approxlmt.tel, one hAlt the !'r.t.l!l!l.~i~l ~..,., Hoord.4 at tbat at .. t1on.

_ ... 8ult. ot the ••• ,_ a~ $bown 1n Table. 1 au II. nto .lIp11\\44 •• of the .elntog.rali\ .ri.uuwdi hav. be •• re4uoe4 bJ til. ~'ppU.a\loa of A.ppJ'o.pr1at._~l.1tloat1on taot'Or. t. til.l" 04:u111a1ttnt a:rouad .0"1_""'. 111 iMt,ut'.. 1m. t1it.:ffte tal'Nla'" In the J"l,pt hu4 ooll..\1C lr. •• ttl tabl. • •• wuc111_ v."'loal 41."flo_ •• ,. of 1he ,round either ",,,,.dowa tMa tlMt ft_' pO.i.'t.., (l.e. .u1m_ _1ll1 '\tel •• ) •

a._14.,.*1-. ttli'll" "'JlO~ mov •• a' 4_ I •• xplo.­lema In bM 'btt1ok pl' (ifa.bl. 1) 1 .. wS.U "" ••• n tbet ~ ... 1._ IWUDd -_IIIID' ftoorded \W ••. O.OOf8 lMll at S' •• 1ol1 A __ 10 lb •• or black powder ... a •• plead 8$ ahot poa' l.ti. (M. aocompaUJ1.:QiplaA). Th18 1. 'he venl.al .,Utu4. 1a tM •• 11 1 .. 411. .. 11 be._that.tloa A. 'ra. total -.plt ,. in 'b. ahal. •• beuea\D. ,he eol11. app~xl_t.17 o.. halt t.h16 val_ .J' .0019 lm1h. .

!heu, •. an val14 fta_1l8 rOll ••• Wlldliltaa1i till. amplltude (0.0019 1noh) _01l&1d be sntlte:r ttum the M.S. __ pltt .. to wb10h th_ roeSte of t6be oolUp •• 4 i'Onlon ot ,he pl' .al1 "1"8 .U:b~o'e4 \')7 0.p1,u.1 •• wav •• 4u.r1na the t •• .. :,a ",10J' ,. -.1.001lap... flw •• " •• ona are bneny.- .

(1) 'ftle 41.' .... "' •• flU thot POlA' 1.4. and. 3,.t10. A (180 f •• " 1. 1 ••• tbu. 'bha' 'b.' .. en tAe oollap ... a~. tu'l4 b po.1tloA of lb. abot tin'_a"_' ,_ tt t.n ttl. In 4a,8p,"o •• 41na ~. 0011&1' •••

(I) 'lb. ttxplo.l.ve ollar.- •• " In 'lbe , •• , (10 lb.. .f bl ... " ~.) waa equal '0 the JlU:l_. ohatts- ._4 1n lb. t.. 4a,.a pl'lQlr '0 the 0011*p ...

aot.rl'lf11 MW '0 Table II l' 1. ..en that 'be vet'toal iMw4 •· .... at "00rde4 ~, 5 •• '10n :0.10 .te.' .trom tho 0811'" . of the 00_"' .... " on til •••• , .14. or ~ b~l.k 91t vane. wLtd'1 'Gho t1PO of v.ntel_ pa".1q O~ the rolti_ 1h.aWd._. $mplltruM "cor4.4tllo'"v.I'.( .... ~.A • truok loaMd wlilh oe.nt "a .• p".a'b8 'bAtt ".ordll'.t1;lA.t~nt)wu oAl, 0.00008 lnoh. • . U~,_pt. to".O.N tn. 8~un4 • .,. .. a' .1m.u1'at.leou~1J a' 3'.'1011 All '10 t... from. ~ 1".4 cent .. J weft w:wuoo ••• tUl blo.lUI. tJIe •• _,11, .. 4 ••• e,. too _all to ~.o ... 1... the}, "role.. than 0.0000011 ...

An at .. " .. I _de _ o.l1,.; •• b.1" l1W:t. te ReoN, ", ..... f thli _ohanloal. •• 1aBOCNIb, the lround. so" •• at at siatloa A .. e. two Wueke 10 ... 4 .. ltb brloka "re 4,.1.8,. .10Ill \he 001'10"'. • ... 'bu' a. a~u:n4 ~1'ucl •• 1M" 100 .all .. 'be .. "00Me4.

A noo:r4 .. _ .. 4. 01 tu. sroun<l. _pll tad •• ar IM'1on A 4. , ... JlIIm 3-Plns on _ IJ'Ol.m4 , t ••• from tile

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•• 00,,41Da'1u1U"WI,ent. Tn ••• "1oal .naplliwle ••• Jut .url101-•• t17 1.r .. to be "oOJ"di!t. on the 8obaD1oal 8.1._,~.pb an4 .... 8p,r8.t •• te17 0.0001& iach.

At anoth. J' ,1&.. (1) the .1'1 tel'" :.tuUt r •• o~d..4 ill. Il'OlUi14 lIlOy_t due to a ..... ~1:llJdDi· bJ"lakl1 ,..at an &l.otN­maan.tla vibration l'.oo-rd •• , tt .. "IOr4er ·aM ... both b.las on .lfacadam Ma4. ih.,.A apPJOxlllatoll ts,ve (6) t •• , t~ th. "GOl'd.-r foot.,,_,. 0.,u.,.4 i%'Otmd 'Vlb .. 'ioM ·01 lb. o,,4.)tI' ot 0.0000l lnoh.. N,,,o.d. _4 •• , the SaM tl_ anti pl ••• of • •• 4an ca .. be1D1drlveQ ., ID •• ".ll. pallt to ..... UUltrtJa&at (n •• r.~' ~PPMacb. 15 t.et) ,ave around. ~lltud • .8 ot tbe .... orcbu." ~1J 0.000,01 1_b.

L. Don LEt., <19- haa 11.'.40,11 tU4UJ or:is1natlas troll va~loWl SOUJ'O'. r.oord.c.. 1n 1916 '07 taut ij., S • BU •• " .t JltlMeaH ot the., th. Vlbfttlou dqetoeaua.'s. .-..." thaa bla5t1. are $hcwtlln Table Ill. ".b1e • .1Y 1, oo»ted tl'Om .. rtpop'br .1. M. !~J-l' and'. B. BaalfP.(Y)and l' 11.'sampll­t'WI •• 4\10 to oaue. o'b.t'" ~an 'bl. •• 'lt18 "001'4.4 1)7 thO" author. of \)7 Q_ •• ob •• "ver*. .

1be ~Sol'1', .f .• __ pUt ••• 'babwted lnTable. III a_ IV we" .... uM4 lna14. b(tu.. aadl' f.... exp1i;r1 ... ntal .tao\ illat .\lOb aapU,tn,d.. uo· bla~.l" thaA wouli be Hoord.« .. lball'Ourul (.011) ai equ.1vale.t di.Nno... Pta,M ... IU'Id Haul_ .'bMI"ft4 tm."'tlle .:ftIHl ~l.lt1.ld.e. _ •• ~4 014 the 11'0" fl"". othO._. 'fie,.. on 'he a .. ~ .. 1.4'lM$,th ... pl1t;uae UalUJ.'fJd on ttl. il"ound au-'alda'_ hout. u4\hat t.U .enl •• ,l _ .. _at. of lb.. lilp~1r t1002l' •• a. ~. 1.,", •• au,iSaane8117 •• 1I0ral 1:;1._ KNa'.-X" '~a ttl. OOft"eii'PA41, .. ' ,nlUi4 • ."ut ••• APpll1ng the r •• ul.ta fit tn ••• ob •• rva\lont. tala •• J._~ U.te4 1n. 1'a1:l1.. III tad IV 1 t 18 •• en '·b .. ,wl. 'h _ •• ceptloft of j~lD1ap.d he_VI" .. lJd~oa tell. floOJ1 ot a~_ onwhta the •• 1maosrapb ••• pll.oe4. ( ••• Table IVr~"kw.l1l tdl. ,N\'GUt (a011) Ulp11tuuea du. '0 lb.. aoUl"o ••. aa4 at. 'he d.1#tUl.C.' 11.'.4 woul4 1-.raU, 'be 1 ••• 'bUO.OOl lwm. •. "'11ta&~k. lathe s0'114 rock bon •• tih the gl'Otm4 avtaoe wollld be .';1,11 _aller.

, •• ,. of ,.lb .. $loulnthe ,round at , .. .-tOD. bl'10k p1' ala to a.va., ._or ~ •• ploalve •• v •••••• flO' •• • maUlt1" ••• tiler lould bAft be_ bu' t..- ~ "uullt •• f ik. llal-" llWl\MU' clone liIlD4. t ..... •• porl_._ .1a.wheN 1., 18 .vid •• , ttl., the ,"a'.lt _pll'bU4 •• in ~.".ka In ~ pl' t ••• p~1. \0 the 001.1., •• or ... al1 wou14 hay. 'b •• n· 'th ... 4_ tG eXplOllft wav.... I1 ,. llfobable tha, the .... plltua. •• 414 ... ,."0 ••• 0.001 lllOh •

. \;~.'bh.r.l' aot a.A .xt~11 •• all &;m.,11tn.", 00144 in ., •• , baft been r.,pcnslble to" tl:Kt collGp'e of the »1' •• u 'the wr1'o" 18 not O_"', •• t , • • q.

(1)

(I)

(3)

BNd.l'., 'Vl0. Vlbl'atlon 'eat •• '

V1b:rat1oD r ... bl •• tlllQ1 t • .DOll :,ee., a.raul •• rowe~OQm,.aJ.

!iar1d1 'Vl'bratlorut tro. blasting at ~ll •. Us.d, Sf--'., :&tlnoval ReDO"" •• SlU"V81, ~.PGrt 10. lt~/i6.

_.lbow_ • •• Nb. aOth, 1148.

ShOt Point JfQlllber

14

$4

1

81_ aDd ReGeN!. D1stauo-.

Jj

iiiiiiTAiilliie .. --_~ -~

trs- or statl_ Shot '0 stat!QQ ObfUSB

1 Yo 11). a1aok POwder

11b 50 $

0811g­alta

10 lb •• 50 " Gel~g ... Alt.

180*

A ~lS' B laS'

a 1(~8f

A ..... ! 1&0' a 217'

A frlS' :e aot

C laSt

305'··.·.

zeo' 11&'

188t

ai,' 'lBO' nst

a-.,?t aot

100'

iI.oham. .. l SelamogMpj17

"00 _.11 to ""1"4

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l)1reo' Throop · Equ.i val.eat­Coupl.. 2500 onu .eehan1Ml

Af/lpUtuM

-- -- --

-- .- -..

- -- --0.0'3- -- O.ootft -- O.OV· 0.009-

0.8:1" -- O.OlD

0.15- -- 0.008" -- 0.1&" 0.02S-0.60· -- 0.01."

0.3a- -- 0.018-., .. o.sa" o. Gt:)!f

0.G7" -- • 0.045·

Jlula _ _ 1ifMl oro .. !fO"'­_ .. t - Dl. __ Mil. tl"Oal :reat po.ttt_

-... '-~-

O.oocoa-0.000l$6-

o.OQO'1"

0.000066-O.OOOlJi1t O.O(jOl"'·

a.ooeu-0.0004.· o.o0lt32-

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so~oe Dlstsnee CPt) Ree01"dtng _pUt=- (inche. Lcoatloa

Frel,p' ifn.1a no 2a4 !;tefti" F~ HOWIe t La.a ·tbaIl .GOOI)

I .

P&iSa~r ,

aBO OVGl"ourclft ., tt •

a 'fon IfJl1lOlt ao It !f ff " Fre.1ibt T~ no 284 5bo"7 ~ flouae ff • " Coal TruH 30 OYerbUJl'4e.n 11 if " 4: ten Truok sa 4th store,. Fraa lIen •• .0-005

lN1gb..t 'Ina uo 2n4 11 " " .. 001

4: Ton T~k a " 11 ft • .00l.

7 ff .. N 3J'd. .. .. It .00l.

7 It 11 U .. th .- .. • • oat

? • fit .. 3l'd .. .. ., .ota l' .. .,

&$ 2n4 11 .. • .008

5lM'al1ng ~ an4 • • tf .~ Door

\lA1klng on r'loor b4 ff D .. .008

I Supp.onlag S.la~raph

1 • • • , II' , . _-II I I . ill , .. ~ I

SOtlrGe· et V!.t::ratlmt Il .. ~. r .. FraQUttM7 ,_. Vlbratio.n ~ ttPe Stcwcturo Authortt7

"'-__ 14 ftet 1f!h:ratlon. lei 1nC;.~.

mow ... Qar 40 .Il.p.h. 30 36 0.0000fit 1l1.Ul-

btfW 'fr-x 3a.~O<J 11;.- $0 o.ooQ8V aDA stOlle 8l.UR

aUr T~k 14,.000.1b. Q o.~ 2a4 Wool. .11.301

•• tor Trak 10 toA • 3() sa o.cot R1.3319 ., •• p.h.

T_ln" 5 can,. 35 ~.p.b. .. 110 • 0.000l25 b4 W'OOil Bl.IAS n.34.R

~lah\ Train 1'7 m.p~. .

110 0.00058 b4 iI.oM. 1;1.3431 . Jlan 1'0 l.b. dropp1nc 2 tt~ 10 c. ()(h.."\V$ 1atr ConeN'. r:1.341l

!fen 140 1~~ droPl"lng 1 tt 3 0.0041 b4 'Wood iU.MJ-l , .. . . .

we.lk1. }.B 6 84 O.(;10U la~ lloobel1 )v 20 0.0Q4I

H •• ", \Jalkias y s 4- 12 0.06 2n4' RhneU -J'ums;l. V 10 l' 0 •• la~ !oe&\u.U

I , o. J . ..- ,

" r',,'IIc' unVUI'IIU rn'lrwrr--

Con~,.et~ Rod../ • _.~~ ___ • ___ • ___ • __ • ___ • ___ • __ • ___ '. _____ .~ __ • __ o ___ • __ -_' __ 0 __ _

,"_ ~'1)

( ____________ J

-,

--- ---- ._. ___ . ___ . _._._fel1CA..-._._ 01'

FLOOR. OF PIT

Ndurcl $UY'{4ce

--"N. ~ to ~ --' - I

"--'- -'"--_L __ L _____ -' DRAWN D,\'-E I f\A'

"

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DECIMAL

,.

SKETCH PLAN

CLIFTON BRICK & TILE CO . B RICK PIT

PRESTON

SEISMOGRAPH STATIONS SHOWN AO S-Ho--T :POUlTS SHOWN Ijo

SGAL-£ -tOO FT .. t INCH

-~~ &~;."e4'fif ~ly!(){4f$rJI 'K~",r'<:e:s

18-3-48

.~..,--IDA I3T M A r.AC'

~ J

ORONA" 01

,U MINISTf EQUIP .