Report on GDP Kadir

7/30/2019 Report on GDP Kadir

1/33

REPORT

ON

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP)

Submitted To:

Ms. Elba Mandrelle Submitted By:

Md.Kadir

MCA IST SEM


2/33

CONTENTS

1.Market.1-3I. Currency..1

II. Government Bond 10Y2

III. Stock Market..3

2. GDP..4-9

I. GDP Value4

II.GDP Annual Growth Rate ..5

III.GDP Growth Rate..6

IV.GDP per capita7

V.GDP per capita PPP..8

VI. Gross National Product9

3.Labour9-13I. Employed Persons.9-10

II. Population.10-11

III. Unemployed Persons.11-12

IV. Unemployment Rate12-13

4. PRICES13-18

I. Consumer Price Index (CPI).13-14

II. Export Prices..14-15
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/government-bond-yieldhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/stock-markethttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-growth-annualhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-growthhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-per-capitahttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-per-capita-ppphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/employed-personshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/populationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/unemployed-personshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/unemployment-ratehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/consumer-price-index-cpihttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/export-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/export-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/consumer-price-index-cpihttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/unemployment-ratehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/unemployed-personshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/populationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/employed-personshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-per-capita-ppphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-per-capitahttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-growthhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-growth-annualhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/stock-markethttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/government-bond-yield


3/33

5. MONEY.18-21

I. Foreign Exchange Reserves..18-19

II. Interest Rate..19

III. Money Supply M2.20

IV. Money Supply M3.21

6. TRADE22-28

I. Balance of Trade..22

II. Current Account23

III. Current Account to GDP.24

IV. Exports25

V. External Debt.26

VI. Imports.27

VII. Terms to trade..28

7. REFERENCES.29

III. GDP Deflator15-16

IV. Import Prices..14

V. Inflation Rate16-17

VI. Producer Price.17-18
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/foreign-exchange-reserveshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/interest-ratehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/money-supply-m2http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/money-supply-m3http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/balance-of-tradehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/current-accounthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/current-account-to-gdphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/exportshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/external-debthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/importshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-deflatorhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/import-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/inflation-cpihttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/producer-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/producer-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/inflation-cpihttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/import-priceshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-deflatorhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/importshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/external-debthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/exportshttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/current-account-to-gdphttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/current-accounthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/balance-of-tradehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/money-supply-m3http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/money-supply-m2http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/interest-ratehttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/foreign-exchange-reserves


4/33

ABSTRACT

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India was worth 1847.98 billion US dollars in 2011,according to a report published by the World Bank. The GDP value of India is roughly

equivalent to 2.98 percent of the world economy. GDP in India is reported by the World Bank

Group. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 5.30 percent in the third quarter of

2012 over the same quarter of the previous year. GDP Annual Growth Rate in India is reported

by the Ministry of Statistics and Programmed Implementation. The benchmark interest rate in

India was last recorded at 8 percent. Interest Rate in India is reported by the Reserve Bank of

India. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 0.80 percent in the second quarter

of 2012 over the previous quarter. GDP Growth Rate in India is reported by the OECD. The

inflation rate in India was recorded at 7.45 percent in October of 2012. Inflation Rate in India is

reported by the Ministry of Statistics and Programmed Implementation. India recorded a CurrentAccount deficit of 16.40 USD Billion in the second quarter of 2012. Current Account in India is

reported by the Reserve Bank of India. Gross National Product in India increased to 48404.28

INR Billion in June of 2009 from 44375.83 INR Billion in June of 2008. Gross National Product

in India is reported by the Central Statistical Organization, India.


5/33

1-MARKETS:-

I.CURRENCY:-

An exchange rate is the current market price for which one currency can be exchanged for

another. For instance, if the Euro exchange rate for the United States Dollar stands at 1.3, thismeans that 1 euro can be exchanged for 1.3 U.S. dollars. Because exchange rates play such an

important role in a country's competiveness level, currency exchange rates are among the most

analyzed and forecasted indicators in the world. The exchange rate is determined by the level of

supply and demand on the international markets. However, changes in foreign exchange market

rates are often difficult to understand and to predict because the market is very large and volatile.

In fact, the currency markets are the most liquid in the world with a daily turnover of close to $2

trillion, which compares to $500 billion for the US government bond market and $70 billion on

the New York Stock Exchange.

INDIAN RUPEE:-

The USDINR spot exchange rate appreciated 1.6850 or 3.23 percent during the last 30 days.Historically, from 1973 until 2012, the USDINR averaged 31.1700 reaching an all time high of57.1200 in June of 2012 and a record low of 7.1900 in March of 1973. The USDINR spotexchange rate specifies how much one currency, the USD, is currently worth in terms of theother, the INR. While the USDINR spot exchange rate is quoted and exchanged in the same day,the USDINR forward rate is quoted today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date.This page includes a chart with historical data for USDINR - Indian Rupee Exchange rate.


6/33

II. GOVERNMENT BOND 10Y:-

A government bond is a security issued by a national government denominated in the country's

own currency. The most common process of issuing bonds is through underwriting. In

underwriting, one or more securities firms or banks, forming a syndicate, buy an entire issue of

bonds from an issuer and re-sell them to investors. The security firm takes the risk of beingunable to sell on the issue to end investors. However government bonds are instead typically

auctioned. Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to

as sovereign bonds. The first ever government bond was issued by the English government in

1693 to raise money to fund a war against France. In the past, Government bonds were usually

referred to as risk-free bonds, because governments could easily devaluate their currencies or

raise taxes to redeem the bond at maturity. However, the recent downgrade of the United States

debt rating and the on-going sovereign debt crisis in the European Union has cast serious doubts

into those risk-free assumptions.

INDIA GOVERNMENT BOND 10Y:-

India's Government Bond Yield for 10 Year Notes rallied 4 basis points during the last 30 dayswhich means it became more expensive for India to borrow money from investors. During thelast 12 months, India government bond yield declining 0.77 percent. Historically, from 1998until 2012, India Government Bond 10Y averaged 8.0 Percent reaching an all time high of 12.3Percent in February of 1999 and a record low of 5.0 Percent in October of 2003. Generally, agovernment bond is issued by a national government and is denominated in the country`s owncurrency. Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to assovereign bonds. The yield required by investors to loan funds to governments reflects inflation

expectations and the likelihood that the debt will be repaid. This page includes a chart withhistorical data for India Government Bond 10Y.


7/33

III. STOCK MARKET:-

A stock market or exchange is the center of a network of transactions where securities buyers

meet sellers at a certain price. A stock market or exchange is not necessary a physical facility and

with the advancement of information technology are increasingly rare those traders that

exchange their stocks in the floor of a major stock exchange. The main stock market in theUnited States is New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). In Europe, examples of stock exchanges

include the London Stock Exchange, the Paris Bourse, and the Deutsche Bourse. In Asia, the

main stock exchanges include the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, and

the Bombay Stock Exchange. In Latin America, there are such exchanges as the BOVESPA in

Brazil and the MERVAL in Argentina.

INDIA STOCK MARKET (SENSEX):-

Stocks in India had a negative performance during the last month. India Stock Market(SENSEX), declined 303 points or 1.59 percent during the last 30 days. Historically, from 1979until 2012, India Stock Market (SENSEX) averaged 5404 Index points reaching an all time highof 21005 Index points in November of 2010 and a record low of 113 Index points in Decemberof 1979. The SENSEX is a major stock market index which tracks the performance of largecompanies based in India. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Stock Market(SENSEX).


8/33

2. GDP:-

I. WHAT IS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT:-

The gross domestic product (GDP) or gross domestic income (GDI) is one of the measures of

national income and output for a given country's economy. GDP can be defined in three ways, allof which are conceptually identical. First, it is equal to the total expenditures for all final goods

and services produced within the country in a stipulated period of time (usually a 365-day year).

Second, it is equal to the sum of the value added at every stage of production (the intermediate

stages) by all the industries within a country, plus taxes less subsidies on products, in the period.

Third, it is equal to the sum of the income generated by production in the country in the period

that is, compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, and gross

operating surplus (or profits).

INDIA GDP:-

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India was worth 1847.98 billion US dollars in 2011,according to a report published by the World Bank. The GDP value of India is roughlyequivalent to 2.98 percent of the world economy. Historically, from 1960 until 2011, India GDPaveraged 368.84 Billion USD reaching an all time high of 1847.98 Billion USD in December of2011 and a record low of 36.61 Billion USD in December of 1960. The gross domestic product(GDP) measures of national income and output for a given country's economy. The grossdomestic product (GDP) is equal to the total expenditures for all final goods and servicesproduced within the country in a stipulated period of time. This page includes a chart withhistorical data for India GDP.


9/33

II. GDP GROWTH RATE: -

The Gross Domestic Product growth rate measures the increase in value of the goods and

services produced by an economy. Economic growth is usually calculated in real terms or

inflation-adjusted terms, in order to net out the effect of changes on the price of the goods and

services produced. The Gross Domestic Product can be determined using three differentapproaches, which should give the same result. These different methods are the product

technique, the income technique, and the expenditure technique. In sum, the product technique

sums the outputs of every class of enterprise to arrive at the total. The expenditure technique

works on the principle that every product must be bought by somebody, therefore the value of

the total product must be equal to people's total expenditures in buying products and services.

INDIA GDP GROWTH RATE: -

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 0.8 percent in the second quarter of 2012

over the previous quarter. Historically, from 1996 until 2012, India GDP Growth Rate averaged1.65 Percent reaching an all time high of 6.10 Percent in March of 2010 and a record low of -1.50 Percent in March of 2004. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate provides anaggregated measure of changes in value of the goods and services produced by an economy.India's diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture,handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services. Services are themajor source of economic growth, accounting for more than half of India's output with less thanone third of its labor force. The economy has posted an average growth rate of more than 7% inthe decade since 1997, reducing poverty by about 10 percentage points. This page includes achart with historical data for India GDP Growth Rate.


10/33

III. GDP ANNUAL GROWTH RATE:-

The annual growth rate in Gross Domestic Product measures the increase in value of the goods

and services produced by an economy over the period of a year. Therefore, unlike the commonly

used quarterly GDP growth rate the annual GDP growth rate takes into account a full year of

economic activity, thus avoiding the need to make any type of seasonal adjustment.

INDIA GDP ANNUAL GROWTH RATE:-

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 5.50 percent in the second quarter of2012 over the same quarter of the previous year. Historically, from 2004 until 2012, India GDPAnnual Growth Rate averaged 8.13 Percent reaching an all time high of 10.10 Percent inSeptember of 2006 and a record low of 5.30 Percent in March of 2012. The annual growth rate inGross Domestic Product measures the increase in value of the goods and services produced by aneconomy over the period of a year. Therefore, unlike the commonly used quarterly GDP growthrate the annual GDP growth rate takes into account a full year of economic activity, thusavoiding the need to make any type of seasonal adjustment. This page includes a chart withhistorical data for India GDP Annual Growth Rate.


11/33

IV. GDP PER CAPITA:-

The GDP dollar estimates given on this page are adjusted for inflation. The term Constant Pricesrefers to a metric for valuing the price of something over time, without that metric changing dueto inflation or deflation. The gross domestic product per capita is the value of all final goods and

services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average (or mid-year)population for the same year. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the measures ofnational income and output for a given country's economy. GDP can be defined in three ways, allof which are conceptually identical. First, it is equal to the total expenditures for all final goodsand services produced within the country in a stipulated period of time (usually a 365-day year).Second, it is equal to the sum of the value added at every stage of production (the intermediatestages) by all the industries within a country, plus taxes less subsidies on products, in the period.Third, it is equal to the sum of the income generated by production in the country in the periodthat is, compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, and grossoperating surplus (or profits).

INDIA GDP PER CAPITA:-

The Gross Domestic Product per capita in India was last reported at 837.75 US dollars in 2011,according to a report published by the World Bank. The GDP per Capita in India is equivalent to7 percent of the world's average. Historically, from 1960 until 2011, India GDP per capitaaveraged 344.72 USD reaching an all time high of 837.75 USD in December of 2011 and arecord low of 180.86 USD in December of 1960. The GDP per capita is obtained by dividing thecountrys gross domestic product, adjusted by inflation, by the total population. This pageincludes a chart with historical data for India GDP per capita.


12/33

V. GDP PER CAPITA PPP:-

The gross domestic product dollar estimates given on this page are derived from purchasingpower parity (PPP) calculations. Using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparinggeneralized differences in living standards on the whole between nations because PPP takes into

account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using justexchange rates which may distort the real differences in income. However, economies do self-adjust to currency changes over time, and technology intensive and luxury goods, raw materialsand energy prices are mostly unaffected by difference in currency (the latter more by subsidies),despite being critical to national development, therefore, the sales of foreign apparel or gasolineper liter in China is more accurately measured by the nominal figure, but everyday food andhaircuts by PPP. The gross domestic product per capita is the value of all final goods andservices produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average (or mid-year)population for the same year.

INDIA GDP PER CAPITA PPP:-

The Gross Domestic Product per capita in India was last reported at 3649.53 US dollars in 2011,when adjusted by purchasing power parity (PPP), according to a report published by the WorldBank. The GDP per Capita, in India, when adjusted by Purchasing Power Parity is equivalent to17 percent of the world's average. Historically, from 1980 until 2011, India GDP per capita PPPaveraged 1446.39 USD reaching an all time high of 3649.53 USD in December of 2011 and arecord low of 419.87 USD in December of 1980. The GDP per capita PPP is obtained bydividing the countrys gross domestic product, adjusted by purchasing power parity, by the total

population. This page includes a chart with historical data for India GDP per capita PPP.


13/33

VI. INDIA GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT:-

Gross National Product in India increased to 48404.28 INR Billion in June of 2009 from44375.83 INR Billion in June of 2008, according to a report released by the Central StatisticalOrganization, India. Historically, from 2004 until 2009, India Gross National Product averaged

40161.23 INR Billion reaching an all time high of 48404.28 INR Billion in June of 2009 and arecord low of 32198.34 INR Billion in June of 2004. This page includes a chart with historicaldata for India Gross National Product.

3. LABOUR:-

I. EMPLOYED PERSONS:-

The Employed Persons report accounts for people legally allowed working who performs a jobduring a certain time for a company, government, institution or any other entity.

INDIA EMPLOYED PERSONS:-

Employed Persons in India increased to 27549 Thousand Persons in December of 2008 from27276 Thousand Persons in December of 2007, according to a report released by the CentralStatistical Organization, India. Historically, from 1971 until 2008, India Employed Personsaveraged 24778.69 Thousand Persons reaching an all time high of 28245 Thousand Persons inDecember of 1997 and a record low of 17491 Thousand Persons in December of 1971. In India,


14/33

employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain timefor a business. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Employed Persons.

II. POPULATION:-

Population estimates are usually produced by a countrys statistical office or Census Bureau. ThePopulation Census provides the most reliable picture of a country's population because the data

is collected at a specified time from the entire population; in contrast to other surveys, in whichinformation is collected from only a small part of the residents. When monthly populationestimates are required, the population count is updated by adding births, subtracting deaths, andadding net international migration since the census date.

INDIA POPULATION:-

Population in India increased to 1241.49 Million in December of 2011 from 1210.20 Million inDecember of 2010, according to a report released by the World Bank. Historically, from 1960until 2011, India Population averaged 789.50 Million reaching an all time high of 1241.49

Million in December of 2011 and a record low of 434.85 Million in December of 1960. Thepopulation of India represents 17.99 percent of the worlds total population which arguablymeans that one person in every 6 people on the planet is a resident of India. This page includes achart with historical data for India Population.


15/33

III. UNEMPLOYED PERSONS:-

The Unemployed persons report accounts only for individuals who are actively looking for a jobbut cannot find work.

INDIA UNEMPLOYED PERSONS:-

Unemployed Persons in India decreased to 39974 Thousand Persons in December of 2007 from41466 Thousand Persons in December of 2006. Historically, from 1985 until 2007, IndiaUnemployed Persons averaged 36801.26 Thousand Persons reaching an all time high of 41750Thousand Persons in December of 2001 and a record low of 24861 Thousand Persons inDecember of 1985. In India, unemployed persons are individuals who are without a job andactively seeking to work. This page includes a chart with historical data for India UnemployedPersons.


16/33

V.UNEMPLOYMENT RATE:-

The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for a jobdivided by the labour force. Changes in unemployment depend mostly on inflows made up ofnon-employed people starting to look for jobs, of employed people who lose their jobs and lookfor new ones and of people who stop looking for employment. Related terms are the labourforce, the participation rate and the employment rate. The labour force is defined as the number

of people employed plus the number unemployed but seeking work. The non-labour forceincludes those who are not looking for work, those who are institutionalized such as in prisons orpsychiatric wards, stay-at home spouses, children, and those serving in the military. Theparticipation rate is the number of people in the labour force divided by the population ofworking age that is not institutionalized. The employment rate is defined as the number of peoplecurrently employed divided by the population of working age.

INDIA UNEMPLOYMENT RATE:-

The unemployment rate in India was last reported at 3.8 percent in 2010/11 fiscal year.

Historically, from 1983 until 2011, India Unemployment Rate averaged 7.57 Percent reaching anall time high of 9.40 Percent in December of 2009 and a record low of 3.80 Percent in Decemberof 2011. The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for ajob as a percentage of the labour force. This page includes a chart with historical data for IndiaUnemployment Rate.


17/33

4. PRICES:-

I. CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI):-

The Consumer Price Index or CPI measures changes in the prices paid by consumers for a basketof goods and services.

INDIA CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI):-

Consumer Price Index (CPI) in India increased to 214 Index Points in August of 2012 from 212Index Points in July of 2012, according to a report released by the Labour Bureau, Governmentof India. Historically, from 1960 until 2012, India Consumer Price Index (CPI) averaged 52.89Index Points reaching an all time high of 214 Index Points in August of 2012 and a record low of4.32 Index Points in April of 1960. In India, the Consumer Price Index or CPI measures changesin the prices paid by consumers for a basket of goods and services. This page includes a chartwith historical data for India Consumer Price Index (CPI).


18/33

II. EXPORT PRICES:-

Export Prices refers to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services sold by residents ofthat country to foreign buyers. Export Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.

INDIA EXPORT PRICES:-

Export Prices in India increased to 194 Index Points in June of 2009 from 166 Index Points inJune of 2008, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank of India. Historically, from2000 until 2009, India Export Prices averaged 131.30 Index Points reaching an all time high of194 Index Points in June of 2009 and a record low of 100 Index Points in June of 2000. In India,Export Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services sold byresidents of that country to foreign buyers. Export Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.This page includes a chart with historical data for India Export Prices.


19/33

III. IMPORT PRICES:-

Import Prices refers to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased byresidents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers.

INDIA IMPORT PRICES:-

Import Prices in India increased to 239 Index Points in June of 2009 from 210 Index Points inJune of 2008, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank of India. Historically, from2000 until 2009, India Import Prices averaged 157.20 Index Points reaching an all time high of239 Index Points in June of 2009 and a record low of 100 Index Points in June of 2000. In India,Import Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased byresidents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers. Import Prices are heavily affectedby exchange rates. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Import Prices.


20/33

IV. INDIA GDP DEFLATOR:-

GDP Deflator in India increased to 146.50 Index Points in December of 2011 from 135.10 IndexPoints in December of 2010, according to a report released by the Ministry of Statistics andProgrammed Implementation, India. Historically, from 2005 until 2011, India GDP Deflatoraveraged 120.26 Index Points reaching an all time high of 146.50 Index Points in December of2011 and a record low of 100 Index Points in December of 2005. This page includes a chart withhistorical data for India GDP Deflator.

V. INFLATION RATE:-

Inflation refers to a general rise in prices measured against a standard level of purchasing power.Previously the term was used to refer to an increase in the money supply, which is now referredto as expansionary monetary policy or monetary inflation. Inflation is measured by comparingtwo sets of goods at two points in time, and computing the increase in cost not reflected by anincrease in quality. There are, therefore, many measures of inflation depending on the specificcircumstances. The most well known are the CPI which measures consumer prices, and the GDPdeflator, which measures inflation in the whole of the domestic economy. The prevailing view in


21/33

mainstream economics is that inflation is caused by the interaction of the supply of money withoutput and interest rates.

VI. INDIA INFLATION RATE:-

The inflation rate in India was recorded at 7.81 percent in September of 2012. Historically, from1969 until 2012, India Inflation Rate averaged 7.75 Percent reaching an all time high of 34.68Percent in September of 1974 and a record low of -11.31 Percent in May of 1976. Inflation raterefers to a general rise in prices measured against a standard level of purchasing power. The mostwell known measures of Inflation are the CPI which measures consumer prices, and the GDPdeflator, which measures inflation in the whole of the domestic economy. This page includes achart with historical data for India Inflation Rate.

VII. PRODUCER PRICES;-

Producer Price Index, also referred as Wholesale Price Index, measures the average change inprice of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market duringa given period. The PPI takes into account three areas of production: finished goods,intermediate goods, and raw materials or crude commodities.

INDIA PRODUCER PRICES:-

Producer Prices in India increased to 166.60 Index Points in August of 2012 from 164.80 IndexPoints in July of 2012, according to a report released by the Office of the Economic Advisor,India. Historically, from 2004 until 2012, India Producer Prices averaged 125.63 Index Pointsreaching an all time high of 166.60 Index Points in August of 2012 and a record low of 97.50Index Points in April of 2004. In India, the Producer Price Index measures the average change in


22/33

price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market duringa given period. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Producer Prices.

5.MONEY:-

I.FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES:-

Foreign Exchange Reserves also known as Official Reserves and International Reserves are theforeign assets held or controlled by the central banks. The reserves themselves can either be gold

or a specific currency like the dollar or the euro. They can also be special drawing rights andmarketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds,corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans. The reserves are generally used tofinance the balance of payments imbalances or to control exchange rates.

INDIA FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES:-

Foreign Exchange Reserves in India decreased to 14071 INR Billion in September of 2012 from14354.60 INR Billion in August of 2012, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank ofIndia. Historically, from 1990 until 2012, India Foreign Exchange Reserves averaged 4544.70

INR Billion reaching an all time high of 14469.30 INR Billion in June of 2012 and a record lowof 23.86 INR Billion in June of 1991. In India, Foreign Exchange Reserves are the foreign assetsheld or controlled by the country central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specificcurrency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated inforeign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities andforeign currency loans. This page includes a chart with historical data for India ForeignExchange Reserves.


23/33

II.INTEREST RATE:-

The interest rate term structure is the relation between the interest rate and the time to maturity ofthe debt for a given borrower in a given currency. For example, the current U.S. dollar interestrates paid on U.S. Treasury securities for various maturities are closely watched by many traders,and are commonly plotted on a graph such as the one on the right which is informally called "theyield curve." More formal mathematical descriptions of this relation are often called the termstructure of interest rates. Yield curves are usually upward sloping asymptotically; the longer thematurity, the higher the yield, with diminishing marginal growth.

INDIA INTEREST RATE:-

The benchmark interest rate in India was last reported at 8.00 percent. Historically, from 2000until 2012, India interest rate averaged 6.52 percent reaching an all time high of 14.50 percent inaugust of 2000 and a record low of 4.25 percent in April of 2009. In India, interest rate decisionsare taken by the reserve bank of Indias central board of directors. The official interest rate is the

benchmark repurchase rate. This page includes a chart with historical data for India interest rate.


24/33

III.MONEY SUPPLY M2:-

Money Supply is the aggregate amount of monetary assets available in a country at a specifictime. According to the Financial Times, Money Supply M0 and M1, also known as narrowmoney, includes coins and notes in circulation and other assets that are easily convertible into

cash. Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks. Money Supply M3includes M2 plus longer-term time deposits. Money Supply includes M3 plus other deposits.And the term broad money is used to describe Money Supply M2, M3 or M4.

INDIA MONEY SUPPLY M2:-

Money Supply M2 in India decreased to 17491.20 INR Billion in July of 2012 from 17538.10INR Billion in June of 2012, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank of India.Historically, from 1991 until 2012, India Money Supply M2 averaged 6230.98 INR Billionreaching an all time high of 17538.10 INR Billion in June of 2012 and a record low of 1127.49

INR Billion in November of 1991. India Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term timedeposits in banks. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Money Supply M2.


25/33

IV.MONEY SUPPLY M3:-

Money Supply is the aggregate amount of monetary assets available in a country at a specifictime. According to the Financial Times, Money Supply M0 and M1, also known as narrowmoney, includes coins and notes in circulation and other assets that are easily convertible into

cash. Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks. Money Supply M3includes M2 plus longer-term time deposits. Money Supply includes M3 plus other deposits.And the term broad money is used to describe Money Supply M2, M3 or M4.

INDIA MONEY SUPPLY M3:-

Money Supply M3 in India increased to 78183.20 INR Billion in September of 2012 from77900.40 INR Billion in August of 2012, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank ofIndia. Historically, from 1972 until 2012, India Money Supply M3 averaged 12437.05 INRBillion reaching an all time high of 78183.20 INR Billion in September of 2012 and a record low

of 123.52 INR Billion in January of 1972. India Money Supply M3 includes M2 plus long-termtime deposits in banks. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Money SupplyM3.


26/33

6. TRADE:-

I. BALANCE OF TRADE:-

The balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an

economy over a certain period of time. A positive balance of trade is known as a trade surplusand consists of exporting more than is imported; a negative balance of trade is known as a tradedeficit or, informally, a trade gap. The balance of trade forms part of the current account, whichalso includes other transactions such as income from the international investment position aswell as international aid. If the current account is in surplus, the country's net international assetposition increases correspondingly. Equally, a deficit decreases the net international assetposition.

INDIA BALANCE OF TRADE:-

India reported a trade deficit equivalent to 18080 Million USD in September of 2012.Historically, from 1994 until 2012, India Balance of Trade averaged a deficit equivalent to4001.78 Million USD reaching the best surplus at 491.28 Million USD in November of 2001 andthe worst deficit at 19644.00 Million USD in October of 2011. India is leading exporter of gemsand jewelry, textiles, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures and services. India ispoor in oil resources and is currently heavily dependent on coal and foreign oil imports for itsenergy needs. Other imported products are: machinery, gems, fertilizers and chemicals. Maintrading partners are European Union, The United States, China and UAE. This page includes achart with historical data for India Balance of Trade.


27/33

II. CURRENT ACCOUNT:-

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods andservices), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such asforeign aid). The balance of trade is typically the most important part of the current account. This

means that changes in the patterns of trade are key drivers in the current accounts of most of theworld's economies. However, for the few countries with substantial overseas assets or liabilities,net factor payments may be significant. Positive net sales to abroad generally contribute to acurrent account surplus; negative net sales to abroad generally contribute to a current accountdeficit. Because exports generate positive net sales, and because the trade balance is typically thelargest component of the current account, a current account surplus is usually associated withpositive net exports.

INDIA CURRENT ACCOUNT:-

India reported a current account deficit equivalent to 16.40 Billion USD in the second quarter of2012. Historically, from 1949 until 2012, India Current Account averaged a deficit equivalent to1.23 Billion USD reaching the best surplus at 7.36 Billion USD in March of 2004 and the worstdeficit at 21.70 Billion USD in March of 2012. Current Account is the sum of the balance oftrade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest anddividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid). This page includes a chart withhistorical data for India Current Account.


28/33

III. CURRENT ACCOUNT TO GDP:-

The Current account balance as a percent of GDP provides an indication on the level ofinternational competiveness of a country. Usually, countries recording a strong current accountsurplus have an economy heavily dependent on exports revenues, with high savings ratings but

weak domestic demand. On the other hand, countries recording a current account deficit havestrong imports, a low saving rates and high personal consumption rates as a percentage ofdisposable incomes.

INDIA CURRENT ACCOUNT TO GDP:-

India reported a Current Account deficit of 3.70 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Productin 2011. Historically, from 1980 until 2011, India Current Account to GDP averaged -1.33Percent reaching an all time high of 1.50 Percent in December of 2003 and a record low of -3.70Percent in December of 2011. The Current account balance as a percent of GDP provides an

indication on the level of international competitiveness of a country. Usually, countries recordinga strong current account surplus have an economy heavily dependent on exports revenues, withhigh savings ratings but weak domestic demand. On the other hand, countries recording a currentaccount deficit have strong imports, a low saving rates and high personal consumption rates as apercentage of disposable incomes. This page includes a chart with historical data for IndiaCurrent Account to GDP.


29/33

IV. EXPORTS:-

Exports measure the amount of goods or services that domestic producers provide to foreignconsumers by. It is a good that is sent to another country for sale. In the past, export ofcommercial quantities of goods normally required involvement of the customs authorities in both

the country of export and the country of import. More recently, with the advent of small tradesover the internet such as through Amazon and e-Bay, exports have largely bypassed theinvolvement of Customs in many countries due to the low individual values of these trades.Nonetheless, these small exports are still subject to legal restrictions applied by the country ofexport.

INDIA EXPORTS:-

India exports were worth 23698 Million USD in September of 2012. Historically, from 1994until 2012, India Exports averaged 8603.18 Million USD reaching an all time high of 30418.00

Million USD in March of 2011 and a record low of 1805.00 Million USD in May of 1994.Exports amount to 22% of Indias GDP. Gems and jewelry constitute the single largest exportitem, accounting for 16 percent of exports. India is also leading exporter of textile goods,engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures and services. Indias main export partnersare European Union, United States, United Arab Emirates and China. This page includes a chart

with historical data for India Exports.


30/33

V. EXTERNAL DEBT:-

External debt is a part of the total debt that is owed to creditors outside the country.

INDIA EXTERNAL DEBT:-

External Debt in India increased to 345819 USD Million in December of 2012 from 305931USD Million in December of 2011, according to a report released by the Ministry of Finance,India. Historically, from 1990 until 2012, India External Debt averaged 140319.65 USD Millionreaching an all time high of 345819 USD Million in December of 2012 and a record low of75858 USD Million in December of 1990. In India, external debt is a part of the total debt that isowed to creditors outside the country. This page includes a chart with historical data for IndiaExternal Debt.


31/33

VI. IMPORT:-

An import is any good or service brought into one country from another country in a legitimatefashion, typically for use in trade. Import goods or services are provided to domestic consumersby foreign producers. An import in the receiving country is an export to the sending country.

Imports, along with exports, form the basis of international trade. Import of goods normallyrequires involvement of the Customs authorities in both the country of import and the country ofexport and is often subject to import quotas, tariffs and trade agreements. When the "imports" arethe set of goods and services imported, "Imports" also means the economic value of all goodsand services that are imported. The macroeconomic variable I usually stand for the value of these

imports over a given period of time, usually one year.

INDIA IMPORTS:-

India imports were worth 41779 Million USD in September of 2012. Historically, from 1994until 2012, India Imports averaged 12550.14 Million USD reaching an all time high of 45282.00Million USD in May of 2011 and a record low of 1924.00 Million USD in May of 1994. India ispoor in oil resources and is currently heavily dependent on coal and foreign oil imports for itsenergy needs. Other imported products are: machinery, gems, fertilizers and chemicals. Mainimport partners are European Union, Saudi Arabia and United States. This page includes a chartwith historical data for India Imports.


32/33

VII. TERMS OF TRADE:-

Terms of Trade (ToT) refers to the ratio of Price of exportable goods to the Price of importablegoods. If a country terms of trade is more than 100%, it means that the country exports is morethan it imports and that capital is coming in. If a country terms of trade (TOT) is less than 100%,

then there is more capital going out the country needs to buy more products outside. The terms oftrade ratio is heavily influenced by changes in the exchange rate because a rise in the value of acountry domestic currency decreases prices for its imports but also makes exports lesscompetitive.

INDIA TERMS OF TRADE:-

Terms of Trade in India increased to 113 Index Points in June of 2011 from 91 Index Points inJune of 2010, according to a report released by the Reserve Bank of India. Historically, from2000 until 2011, India Terms of Trade averaged 88.08 Index Points reaching an all time high of113 Index Points in June of 2011 and a record low of 77 Index Points in June of 2007. In India,

Terms of Trade (ToT) correspond to the ratio of Price of exportable goods to the Price ofimportable goods. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Terms of Trade.


33/33

9. REFERENCES:-

http://www.tradingeconomics.com

http://www.google.com

Documents

Report on GDP Kadir