Report

On

Faculty development programme on research methodology: December 1-8 2014

Introduction

This workshop focused on the procedure to do research. As a researcher it is mandatory for one to know the basics and have a core idea in order to satisfy the purpose of research and establish an acceptable conclusion.

The Research and Publication Cell Symbiosis Law school Noida gave this opportunity to the academicians to enhance their researching skills and understand the methodologies. The FDP programme summarised the aspects relating to the literature review framing objectives collection of data analysing it and finally framing it into a research paper. This FDP intended to orient participants towards developing their own research plans with due attention to every stage of research.

Objectives

The major objectives kept in mind while framing this Faculty Development Programme were as follows:

• To understand what research is? • How to do review of literature? • To make participants familiar with techniques for different research approaches. • To understand the application of right tools and techniques while conducting a research. • To understand the use of SPSS in data analysis. • Enhance the Analytical Skills. • Facilitate researchers in writing research work

The programme was attended by 46 participants out of whom 17 were external participants (all over India) 22 internal faculties including administrative staff of Symbiosis Law School NOIDA and 2 participants were from Symbiosis Law School Pune & 4 participants were from Symbiosis Centre of Management Studies, NOIDA. Attendees included Research Scholars & Academicians form varied background. While designing the structure of the programme it was kept in mind that there are going to be people from different background that’s why emphasis was given on research methodology as a whole not pertaining to one single field so that maximum can be benefitted out of it. 2 high tea (Morning & Evening) and Lunch was provided to participants daily and one kit was issued to each participant at the time of the registration.

Day 1

Mr. Shams Khwaja Founder Constitutional Law Laboratory Delhi and Los Angeles

Mr. Shams Khwaja has an expertise in calibration of Law and Review of Legal Processes. He has observed law in application at grass-roots level in diversity of cultural settings and mental make-ups. He comes with rich experience of litigation cutting across jurisdictions. His juristic work both in and out of the courts is highly innovative. His academic work portrays him as an expert on Constitutional Structures and ‘Reasoning In Law-Crafting’ or Jurisprudence. He incorporated the Constitutional Law Laboratory in 2006 in California now relocated to India (New Delhi). Deals in legal process review Constitutional amendment advising legal policy & rule-making consultancy and devising legal solutions for practical difficulties faced in various jurisdictions.

Mr. Khwaja’s educational qualifications include: M.Phil. (Nanotechnology) (with additional submission on Nanotechnology Law of United States); Master of Laws (LL.M.); Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.); Master of Sciences - Bio Sciences (M.Sc.); Bachelor of Science (Honors) - Zoology (B.Sc.) and Post Graduate Diploma in Science Journalism. In 2007 he also completed coursework in American Business Law at Los Angeles City College Los Angeles USA. He has successfully completed several training Courses on: ‘Implication of Meta Data in Legal Practice’ - Research & Legal Software Development Division Promethean Software Corporation USA (October 2006); ‘Legal Case Maker Training Using Software’ - Massachusetts Law School Andover (September 2006); ‘Forming a Business Entity Including Franchise’ - New England Western Law School Springfield (March 2006); Professional Ethics for the Legal Practitioner - Massachusetts Bar Institute Boston USA (February 2006) and Effective Legal Communication Strategy - Massachusetts Bar Institute Boston USA (January 2006).

His significant contributions to Constitutional Law are ‘Theory of Classification of Articles of Constitution of India’ and ‘Theory of Writ Jurisdiction Application in India’. Mr. Shams Khwaja is one of the few qualified experts India has on Nanotechnology Law. He has been doing pioneering work in developing Jurisprudence of Nanotechnology Law for India and developing countries. Mr. Khwaja’s latest work includes ‘Constructing a Mathematical Model for Justice Delivery against Adjudication Prejudices and Judge Specific Factors’. If Google searches are to be relied upon this is the first time anyone is applying Mathematical Modelling to Law in general in this part of the hemisphere and probably the very first time that Mathematics is being applied to non-empirical substantive issues of Justice Delivery in the world. He has formulated ‘International Registry of Nanotechnology Risks & caution notices.

Learnings

The very first day Mr. Khwaja explained what research was all about. He connected things starting from the rig Vedas to the modern philosophy of doing research. He described how the process of metamorphosis takes place when it comes to finding answer to a question. The second issue which he emphasised on was the collection of data. According to him the two sources of data collection are the primary and the secondary sources and one has to choose among the two in accordance to the question which has been framed.

He emphasised on the framing of the research question and held it to be the fundamental and initial step to do research. One should focus on the suitability of the research question and its applicability to which type of people even the geographic areas and mentality of the people. He made the session interactive and based on various examples for better understanding of the academicians. Last but not the least when the house was open for questions the academicians were keen to ask and with the same level of enthusiasm they were justifiably answered by professor.

Day 2

Session 1

Prof. (Dr.) Gurjeet Singh Professor of Law and Dean of the Law Faculty GNDU Amritsar

Prof. (Dr) Gurjeet Singh is Professor of Law and Dean of the Law Faculty at Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar. He is the Founder Vice-Chancellor of two National Law Schools - Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law (RGNUL) Patiala in Punjab and National Law University and Judicial Academy Assam (NLUJAA) Guwahati.

Prof. (Dr) Gurjeet Singh educational qualifications include: B.A.(Hons.); M.A.(Economics) from DAV College Amritsar; LL.B. and LL.M. from Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar; M.A.(Public Administration) and M.A.(Political Science) from Panjab University Chandigarh; Post Graduate Diploma in Public Relations and Advertising from Punjabi University Patiala; first Ph.D. from GNDU Amritsar. He was position holder in the University in B.A. (Hons.) and in the LL.B. Examinations. He stood first in the LL.M. Examination and was awarded a gold medal.

Dr. Gurjeet Singh was selected by the British Council in India for the prestigious Nehru-Centenary British Commonwealth Fellowship Award (1990-93) and was placed at the Department of Law School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) University of London London from where he successfully completed his second Ph.D. on the subject of ‘Consumer Protection Law’ in 1993. His publications include a book and more than one hundred research papers in the leading national and international journals and has also participated in an equal number of national and international conferences seminars workshops study sessions and training programs held in various parts of India Australia Canada China Hong Kong Singapore Thailand United Kingdom United States of America and Europe.

Dr. Singh’s national achievements include participation in six refresher courses and a number of other training programmes organized at the U.G.C. sponsored Academic Staff College at the National Law School of India University (Bangalore) and other national and international institutions of repute. He has also successfully completed various major and minor research projects sanctioned by the University Grants Commission Ministry of Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) New Delhi respectively. Dr. Singh was the recipient of the UGC Visiting Associateship Award the UGC

Research Award the Catalan Institute of Consumer Affairs Award (Spain) and the Henry Dunant Research Fellowship Award (twice).

His international achievements inter alia include participation in the 22nd 32nd and 33rd Study Sessions of the International Institute of Human Rights and International Centre for University Human Rights Teaching (CIEDHU) Programmes at Strasbourg in France; his brief assignment with the Advisory Services at the United Nations Centre for Human Rights (UNCHR) at Geneva in Switzerland (1991); his participation in the Second Summer Programme in the European Community Consumer Law (1992) at Lauvian-La-Neauve in Belgium and his visit to France twice under the UGC sponsored Indo-French Social Sciences Cultural Exchange Programme 2000 and 2005 respectively. He is once again scheduled to visit France in July 2012 consecutively for the third time on being selected by the UGC New Delhi under the same programme. He was also awarded the prestigious Commonwealth Academic Staff Fellowship (2011) by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission of the United Kingdom to do post-doctoral research on the subject of ‘Reforms in Professional Legal Education and Research’ at the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London London. He has worked as a free-lancer with the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) Radio World Service (Hindi) during 1992-93 and was instrumental in the production of a BBC “Series on Law” which enjoyed a wide listenership.

Dr. Singh remained the Head (Chairman) of the Department of Laws at GNDU Amritsar (1999-2002); Professor of Law (2003-2006); and the Vice-Chancellor of RGNUL (2006-10). During his academic career he has been a member of various educational boards and statutory committees constituted by the Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar from time to time as well as a member of some of the High Powered Expert Committees appointed by the Bar Council of India (BCI) New Delhi; the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) Bangalore; and the University Grants Commission (UGC) New Delhi. A large number of students have worked under Dr. Singh for their M.Phil. and LL.M. dissertations as well as for their Ph.D. thesis. Before joining his assignment as the founder Director General (Vice-Chancellor) of the National Law University and Judicial Academy (NLUJA) at Guwahati in Assam he was working as Professor at the Department of Laws at Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar. His major research areas are: Business Ethics Consumer Protection Law Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law and Legal Education and Research.

Learnings

Prof. Gurjeet mainly focused on seven points for research methodology one should keep in mind doing research for PhD. Firstly while doing a PhD research one has to divide his or her research work into different segments. The division may be time based or it may be simply based upon the type of data. For example for three months you read a lot of literature on the area of your research. After that the aim should be to read the data increase the knowledge with regard to that matter and interpret it in the same way as the writer’s want their readers to understand. Then for next month use the primary sources for collecting the data. Herein use the knowledge which you have attained while reading the literature etc. Primary source of data collection involves making of a questionnaire. In order to have appropriate question it is important that you must have read the literature thoroughly and have focused on each and every aspect of it. Then at last one proceeds towards the compilation of the work which takes maximum three to four a day.

Second point that he discussed was that whatever you write get it edited by the expert of that particular field in which you have written the paper. This is simply done to minimise the mistakes and remove the linguistic barriers.

Thirdly he emphasised on the references that one should use in his or her research paper. Paying a lot stress that one should put as many references as possible. This makes a research paper justifiable. For eighteen pages off research at least hundred references are mandatory. This also creates a good impression on the reader.

Fourthly he stated that the work should be so appropriate and reasonable that people wait for the articles. The references and paper should be genuine and clear explain the topic. Further he talked about the procedure of framing the research question. It should be direct and justiciable. While collecting data one should reach to the abstract source of the data by reading books articles journals etc.

Lastly he ended his session with an advice for the PhD. Researcher’s stating that they should choice a topic which is of their interest and not just for formality of getting the degree and as a part of their curriculum. If at all they do so it will be an injustice with the paper as well as the research and time invested. This was another very interactive session for the academicians as well as the ones who were pursuing their PhD.

Session 2

Dr. Madhuker Sharma Assistant Professor at Symbiosis Law School NOIDA

Dr. Madhuker Sharma is Assistant Professor at Symbiosis Law School NOIDA. He has completed Ph.D. from Faculty of Law University of Delhi.

Dr. Madhuker has successfully conducted 'Research Project' titled as "Efficacy of Increased Age Prescription for Male Juvenile under Juvenile Justice Act 2000". Report of this 'research project' is submitted before the Supreme Court and is referred by the Bench in its judgment.

Presently he is working upon three ‘research projects' on following issues: (i) Protection of Wild life; (ii) Impact of Non-vegetarianism on Criminal Behaviour Of Offenders; and (iii) Constitutional Power of the President and the Governor to Grant Pardon/Reprieve to Convicted Persons.

Learnings

On the same day the second session was conducted by Dr. Madhukar Sharma focusing on how to frame a questionnaire. Initially he started with the improvised meaning of research as per him and then related the making of questionnaire to a relay race i.e. it starts from a question and after conducting the whole process of research on that question a new question arises. According to him a research simply means “a statement of observation” which is based on certain presumptions testified through a specific process.

Further characteristics of the research process first element being data collection which must be accurate enough to draw a reasonable and precise conclusion. The second element of research process as stated by him is the data analysis and then finally compiling the work. He specifically mentioned the four basic things of which the research design will comprise off. They are: the problem (question) the objective the research methodology and the references. These are the elementary necessities to be present in a proper format for a research paper/ project. He in furtherance of this explained the whole process of making a questionnaire what are the things one needs to keep in mind before forming the questionnaire i.e. the research objective. Then the next he stated was formation of research hypothesis will include various presumptions which have to be tested thoroughly the sample size to be appropriate and the sample group has to be checked as per the researcher needs. After all these preparations he said one needs to carry out pilot study i.e. checking of the research question with the opinions of the experts and

the required improvisation should be done if necessary. Ultimately you will reach to your quest of framing a questionnaire.

Day 3

Dr.P. Vighneshwara Illavarasan, Associate professor, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Dr. P. Vigneswara Ilavarasan’s academic qualifications include: Ph.D. - Department of Humanities and Social Science IIT Kanpur (2004); MA - Department of Sociology Pondicherry University (1997); B.Sc. Department of Physics MCC Madras University (1995).

Dr. Ilavarasan is presently associated with Department of Management Studies IIT Delhi as ‘Associate Professor’ (April 2013 till date). Prior to this position he was associated with various institutes of national and international importance including: Associate Professor IIM Rohtak (May 2012- March 2013); Assistant Professor Department of Humanities & Social Sciences IIT Delhi; Post-doc- Fellow IIT Bangalore (January 2003 – May 2005); Lecturer Department of Sociology Pondicherry (October 1998 – April 1999); Research Executive Zone Advisory Services (P) Ltd. Chennai (July 1997 – September 1998).

Dr. Ilavarasan is a recipient of the Outstanding Young Faculty Fellowship Award at IIT Delhi and Prof. M.N. Srinivas Memorial Prize of the Indian Sociological Society. He is also recipient of research grants from IDRC (Canada) Govt. of India Oxford Analytica (UK) IPTS (European Commission) and IdeaCorp. (Philippines). Earlier he had taught at Pondicherry Central University and Indian Institute of Management Rohtak.

Dr. Ilavarasan researches and teaches about Production And Consumption Of Information And Communication Technologies (ICTs) with a special focus on India. Dr. Ilavarasan's specific research interests are Information and Communication Technologies & Development (ICTD) [Use of Mobiles & other ICTs by women micro-entrepreneurs in India]; Information Technology Industry in India [Labour R&D Centers of MNCs Inter-firm linkages Clusters & Sub-national Policy]; and ICTs & Government [Electronic Governance].

Dr. Ilavarasan has been researching on production and consumption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) from a social scientist’s view for the last ten years. His specific research interests are: Social structuring of software workforce in India; R&D in Indian ICT sector; Inter-firm linkages & small software firms in India; Sub national policy & IT clusters; ICTs in urban micro enterprises & Electronic governance in India.

Dr. Ilavarasan's institutional membership include: Life Member Indian Sociological Society; Life Member Indian Society for Labour Economics; Life Member Indian Society for Training & Development; Occasional Reviewer – IEEE Technology & Society Research Policy Innovation & Development.

Dr. Ilavarasan has more than 50 publications in Journals Book Chapter and Conference Proceedings etc.

Learnings

The third day of the FDP started with Dr. P. Vigneswara Ilavarasan’s session on a very high note. He started with the cyclical process of research and its explanation. According to him the research starts with a theory followed by literature review formation of hypothesis and finally collection of data. After this the data will be analysed to make it specific rather than a generic one and this is how the cycle of research takes its circle.

Further in his session he explained how a researcher has to choose and go about the literature review as it basically depends on the interest and the capability of the respective researcher. If the topic is of the researcher’s interest he will be motivated to do work seriously efficiently using all his capabilities and skills required to do justice to the topic of research. It will be easy for the researcher to find answer to the research question and justify his research. After this all that a researcher is expected to do is review the research question through process of approximation.

Next topic in his session was how to approach the literature. He explicitly stated that while surveying the literature a researcher must start with the data available for the last five years and check the dominant theories in that area of research. The top ten journals cited papers leading associations and important conferences act as a lot of input to the researcher’s literature. In furtherance of this he also explained numerous survey methods including telephonic survey interviews sampling both probability and non-probability.

At the end of the session he concluded by mentioning tools through which the collected data can be managed like the bibliographic cards spread sheets highlighters reference managers like Ms word etc.

Day 4 & 5

Prof. (Dr.). A.S. RAO Professor BVIMR Delhi

Prof. (Dr.) A.S Rao is serving as professor at Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Management & Research Delhi. Prof. Rao has authored 5 books one of which is on Research Methodology with SPSS. Prof. Rao expertise in SPSS and has more than 25 publication in which SPSS has been used as the tool for analysis of the data. He also has attended around 8 seminars in which he also presented the paper as well

Learnings

On day 4 and 5 of the FDP workshop Dr. A.S. Rao introduced the SPSS system to the academicians popularly known as the Statistical Product for Software Solution which includes data editing output viewing and syntax editing as well as the script window. He explained the whole concept even with the practical point of view stating that the system has two views in it one the data view wherein we feed in the data and second the variable view wherein we see the questionnaire. He profoundly explained several data editing tests required for uni-variate bi-variate and multi-variate data. He emphasised on the checking of sample as it should be the actual representative of the data. The uni-variate data has one variable and thus it requires the z-test and t-test. Bi-variate data has two variables and thus it requires independent t-test for both chi-square test and one way ANOVA. Multi-variate data requires one way ANOVA two way ANOVA and MANOVA. It will also require check through correlation and regression.

All the academicians were then taken to computer labs wherein he showed them how to conduct these tests. He covered the independent t-test pair t-test chi-square test one sample t-test Kolmogorov – Smirnov test also known as Z-test Mannwhitery-U test Wilcoxon test Friedman Test ANOVA test K-sample test Correlation and regression which are the non-parametric tests used in the cases when the data is not normally distributed.

Day 4 and 5 were the most exciting and practical learning day for the participants as they practised the SPSS on the systems themselves under the guidance of Dr. Rao.

Day 6

Prof. (Dr.) G. S. Bajpai Registrar National Law School Delhi

Prof. (Dr.) G S Bajpai serves as Professor & Registrar at NLU Delhi. Before joining the NLU Delhi he was serving (2007-2011) as Professor & Chairperson at the Centre for Criminal Justice Administration National Law Institute University Bhopal (MP) India. He has also officiated as ‘Director’ as well as ‘Registrar National Law Institute University Bhopal’ for a brief period. He has held many positions in his professional career spanning over two and half decades. He was selected through the Union public service Commission MP Public Service Commission and Punjab Public Service Commissions to hold various offices which primarily includes- Indian Institute of Public Administration (1989) Bureau of Police Research & Development (1989- 1995) Punjab Police Academy Punjab and Department of Criminology & Forensic science University of Saugar MP (1998-2007). He has more than twenty years of active research/teaching experience at the UG/PG level.

Prof. (Dr.) G S Bajpai’s specialization is in the area of Criminal Law Criminology And Criminal Justice Studies. He is recognized resource person in conducting and imparting training in empirical legal research with quantitative applications. As researcher and author Dr Bajpai has authored eight books and more than eighty papers ten project reports and several monographs. His books ‘Witness & Criminal Justice Systems’ published from Lambert Germany ‘Cyber Crime & Cyber Law’ ‘Situational Crime Prevention & Crime Reduction’ and ‘Criminal Justice System Reconsidered’ have been well received. His latest (2014) book is on ‘Victimological Narratives on Gender Violence’. Six students have already completed Doctoral Dissertations (Ph. D.) under his guidance.

Prof. (Dr.) G S Bajpai has held many prestigious international assignments for advanced research in criminal law and criminal justice. He has been to the University of Paris (France) under UGC Indo-French Cultural Exchange Programme (1999) to work on ‘Victim’s position in French Criminal Justice System’. He was also the recipient of prestigious Commonwealth Academic Staff Fellowship at the Department of Criminology University of Leicester UK for an advanced research and teaching (in Crime reduction) for the year 2003-04. Dr Bajpai also visited International Victimology Institute Tokiwa University Japan for delivering invited lectures in July 2007. Besides he was also selected under the Indo-Russia Cultural Exchange programme to visit St. Petesburg (2007) and Indo-Hungarian Cultural Exchange Programme to carry out research in Budapest (2009). In 2010 Prof. Bajpai was conferred a visiting fellowship of ICSSR under the Indo-NWO Exchange of Scholars and under this visit he carried out significant research at the International Victimology Institute Faculty of Law University of Tilburg in the

Netherlands. Apart from visiting the International Criminal Court at Hague Prof Bajpai delivered key lectures at several universities like VU University Amsterdam. He has been identified by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice New York to author a case study on ‘Bhopal Gas Tragedy’ which was published from the Cambridge Press U.S. He made a key presentation at 11th ASLI Conference held at Faculty of Law University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur (June 2014). He has been invited as Visiting Professor to teach selected courses in criminal law & criminology at the Faculty of law University of Wurzburg Germany under DAAD programme (2015).

Prof. (Dr.) G S Bajpai for his consistent research of high quality has been conferred various awards and honours. He is the recipient of G. B. Pant Award (for writing a book on Human Rights and Police). In recognition of his contribution in the growth of Criminology in India Dr. Bajpai’ was conferred the title of ‘Fellow of Indian Society of Criminology (FISC) by the Indian Society of criminology (ISC).He was also awarded (2005) coveted ‘Prof S. S. Srivastava Memorial Award’ for excellence in research/teaching in criminology. He was also conferred the award of ‘Best Social Scientist’ by the Indian Society of Criminology (2014) at RGNUL Patiala for various career achievements. Recently he was also identified to confer the highest award of the Indian Society of Victimology (2014).

Prof. (Dr.) G S Bajpai’s current interests include Criminal Law Criminal Justice Legal Research Method Human Rights Issue In Criminal Justice Process Cyber Laws Forensic Science Law And Development etc. He has organized several national and International workshops training hundreds of law teachers in empirical legal research methodology. Prof Bajpai has been extending services and consultancy to several Universities and state/union public service commissions. He is on the Board of editors of many national and international journals and is also the member of many key professional organisations.

Learnings

Professor Bajpai’s main focus was on the empirical aspect of the research. He explained research as a long journey to bridge the gap between the initial point and the final destination. Wherein the starting point being the research question and the final destination is the conclusion and findings of the project. According to him the key features of empirical research are verifiability generality predictability and objectivity and in order to achieve these four elements a researcher has to develop the ability of observation.

Further he also stated that whenever a report is formed it always has a specific structure consisting of a cover page content table of cases introduction literature review statement of research problem objectives hypothesis data collection data analysis discussion conclusion and finally references.

Towards the end of the session he also elaborated as to what research problem means and how to frame a statement for it. The research scholars and academicians enthusiastically participated during his lecture.

Day 6 & 7

Prof. (Dr.) V. K. Srivastava Head of Department Department of Anthropology Delhi University

Prof. (Dr.) V K Srivastava taught sociology at Hindu College University of Delhi from 1976 to 1985. He then joined the Department of Anthropology University of Delhi. Promoted as a Reader in Social Anthropology in 1986 and Professor in 1997. On lien from the Department of Anthropology Dr. Srivastava joined as Principal Hindu College University of Delhi and later returned as Professor of Social Anthropology.

Prof. (Dr.) V K Srivastava’s educations qualification include Ph.D. – University of Cambridge United Kingdom (1994); M. Phil. – Department of Chinese and Japanese Studies University of Delhi (1983); M.Sc. (Anthropology) – Hans Raj College University of Delhi (1974); M.A. (Sociology)- Delhi School of Economics University of Delhi (1976).

Prof. (Dr.) V K Srivastava‘s has major areas of interest include comparative religion caste system family dynamics medical systems and anthropological theory and methods. He has taught courses on anthropological theory and methods urban anthropology medical anthropology tribal and peasant societies.

Prof. (Dr.) V K Srivastava has to his credit supervision of 23 Doctoral thesis (9 under progress) and 26 M.Phil. Dissertations innumerable publications has participated /or presented in 42 conferences in the last 3 years received more than 20 awards and distinctions for academic distinction. He has borne the editorial responsibility for the Society for Indian Medical Anthropology Journal of Human Ecology The Indian Anthropologist Journal of Social Science The Eastern Anthropologist and The Anthropologist.

Learnings

On the sixth day Professor V.K. Srivastava explained the concept purpose and aim of doing research and what is research at the end of the day. He described research as an art of asking and re-asking which is completely fair and unbiased. Professor enlightened the academicians about the four types of researches i.e. the Pure Research which aims at finding answer to the question Applied Research which aims at using the knowledge that has been learnt in the pure research Policy Research with an objective of finding the pros and cons of the various policies and the last one is the Action Research which aims to give a solution to the research issue or the problem.

Further in his session he talked about the various questions that should come to the mind of the researcher while doing research. The questions can be answered only by collection of variety of data its interpretation and analysis. He also emphasised on the relationship between the observer and the observed. This could be understood only by either moving around or going inside the phenomenon. He also talked about the role of values in research and the language in which the research findings have to be presented. Then he described the various methods of collection of data.

On the last day of the research methodology workshop that is the 7th day Professor Srivastava started his session with the discussion on Research Design. This included reading of literature i.e. searching the sub field of the field improving vocabulary and reading what is important. He explained the five types of research design which are: Exploratory which aims at creating a familiar environment about the subject of study gain insight of it and taking chance about the hypothesis thus creating a hypothesis design. Descriptive Design which states the generation of the description of the phenomenon i.e. describing the facts and principles of the phenomenon. Explanatory Design is the third one which includes hypothesis testing i.e. actually explaining the field situation (natural occurring content). Finally the Experimentation Design which is concerned with the testing of hypothesis in a controlled situation.

He indicated the academicians about the cyclical process of the research design. Further he mentioned the various modes of data collection wherein he emphasised on two main aspects of them i.e. team researches and solo researches. He described information as a new definition in terms of knowledge which is useful for the study of hypothesis stating the major ways of data collection are survey field documentary research and experimentation. Secondary material include scholarly material and documents which can be further classified as published & unpublished and Official or private respectively.

With regard to the analysis of collected data he expressed two terms that are ‘sorting out’ or ‘indexing’ which can be of two types firstly numerical i.e. quantitative and secondly words i.e. qualitative . He gave an overview as to what research paper looks like giving academicians an outlook of writing research paper.

Not to forget he also elucidated the three stages of research methodology: Asking question systematic proceeding to finding answer to the particular question and learning at each stage i.e. objective understanding as well as subjective understanding. This should be free method of research and the imperial report (from where the data has been collected). Once the analysis and interpretation of data is done and the final conclusion is drawn to the research question the research project is assumed to be ready for proof-reading.

He concluded his session by summarising the complete process of research methodology into ten simple stages starting from Problem to survey of Literature to Concept Identification to Hypothesis Formulation then data collection then making use of the data to data analysis then data interpretation making report finally drawing conclusions and then starting a new research. Stating this he justified his first proposition that the process research methodology is a continuous cyclical process

Then the house was declared open for any queries regarding the research methodology and the doubts that were very well answered by Prof. Srivastava with great enthusiasm and to the satisfaction of the academicians.

This workshop has created a sense of justification among the learners and they are looking forward to do research write and read the research papers or undertake some research project.

This workshop has not only helped the scholars and academicians in their curriculum but has also helped them develop their personal skills and knowledge.

Valedictory Function

On seventh day post lunch certificates were distributed to the participants. Mr. Shams Khawaja Dr. C.J. Rawandale & Dr. Madhukar Sharma honoured the participants with the certificates. Vote of thanks was delivered by Ms. Megha Chauhan (FDP Convener) & Ms. Anshul Mittal (FDP Co-Convener). Finally participants were asked to come on the dice and share their experience and learning of the whole program. The program was concluded with happy note from everyone.

List of the Participants

S. No.

Name Designation Institute

1. Ms. Maneesha Tripathi Research Scholar Jamia Milia Islamia Delhi

2. Ms. Reeta Garg Research Scholar MDU Rohtak 3 Ms. Ruchi Saxena Assistant Professor Army Institute of Education 4. Ms. Karnika tanwar Research Scholar BITS Misra NOIDA 5. Ms. Chetna Kudeshia Research Scholar BITS Misra NOIDA 6. Dr. Meenu Gupta Assistant Professor Amity Law School NOIDA 7. Dr. Bhavish Gupta Associate Professor Amity Law School NOIDA 8. Mr. Urooj Ahmed

Siddiqui Research Scholar Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar

University, Lucknow 9. Mr. Kannan B Research Scholar University of Madras

10. Ms. Neha Khunger Assistant Professor Galgotia University 11. Ms. Yusra Iqbal Research Scholar Jamia Milia Islamia, Delhi 12. Mr. Naveen Kumar Research Scholar

Mewar University

13. Ms. Shalini gautam Assistant Professor Amity University 14. Ms. Divya Vajpayi Research Scholar Mewar University 15. Ms. Neelam Tyagi Assistant Professor Amity Law School 16. Ms. Deepti Gautam Research Scholar Faculty of Management Studies. Delhi

University 17. Ms. Reema Bali Assistant Professor Lloyd Law College, Greater NOIDA

18. Mr. Sachin Sharma Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, Pune 19. Ms. Tokmem Doming Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, Pune 20. Mr. Narendra Singh

Chaudhary Assistant Professor Symbiosis Centre for Management

Studies, NOIDA 21. Ms. Davinder Kaur

Sohi Assistant Professor Symbiosis Centre for Management

Studies, NOIDA 22. Mr. Bharat Bhushan Assistant Professor Symbiosis Centre for Management

Studies, NOIDA 23. Mr. Chandan Tiwari Assistant Professor Symbiosis Centre for Management

Studies, NOIDA 24. Dr. Pushpa Negi Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 25. Ms. Sweta Saurabh Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 26. Mr. Pushp Lamba Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 27. Dr. Md. Salim Associate Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 28. Mr. Vikram Singh Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 29. Dr. Meenakshi Kaul Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 30. Ms. Priyamvada

Mishra Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA

31. Dr. Sukhwinder Singh Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 32. Dr. Ankur Jain Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 33. Dr. Madhuker Sharma Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 34. Ms. Baseerat Fatima Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 35. Mr. Kiran Kale Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 36. Ms. Megha Chauhan Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 37. Ms. Saadiya Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 38. Ms. Anshul Mittal Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 39. Ms. Deepa A Panwar Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 40. Mr. Saurabh Chandra Assistant Professor Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 41. Ms. Souma Brahma Visiting Faculty Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA

Sarkar 42. Dr. Kiran Sanjay

Degan Visiting Faculty Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA

43. Ms. Kanika Wadhwa Coordinator Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 44. Ms. Rajni Saxena Senior Coordinator Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA 45. Ms. Preeti Rai Assistant

Accountant Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA

46. Ms. Sonam Saxena Accountant Symbiosis Law School, NOIDA

Student Volunteers

1. Ms. Divya Aswani (Batch 2013-18)

2. Ms. Kriti Gupta (Batch 2014-19)

3. Mr. Abhishek Mathur (Batch 2014-19)

4. Ms. Prachi Nirwan (Batch 2013-18)

5. Mr. Dhairya Madan (Batch 2013-18)

6. Ms. Akshiptika Verma (Batch 2013-18)