To Study the Demographic Profile of

Jharkhand & Bihar

Under the guidance of

Mr. Kamlesh Kumar

Senior Manager Sales Retail

Agrico Division, TATA STEEL

By,

AMIT SINGH

PGDM

CIMR, Mumbai

Fig 1: Map of Bihar

Fig 2: Map of Jharkhand

1. POPULATION:-

Jharkhand Bihar India

Total Population 26,945,829 82,998,509 1,028,737,436

Percentage of Population 2.62% 8.07% NA

Rural Population 20,952,088 74,316,709 741,660,293

Urban Population 5,993,741 8,681,800 285,354,954

Area km² 79,714 94,163 3,287,240 

Sex Ratio 941 919 933

Literacy Rate 59.6% 47.53% 65.3%

References:-

http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Data_Products/Library/ Provisional_Population_Total_link/PDF_Links/chapter3.pdf

http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/gender_composition.aspx

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/CensusStats-03.htm

2. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP):-

Jharkhand

Jharkhand witnessed a GDP growth of 11.01% over the period of 2005-2009 and is much better when compared with Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh

Jharkhand's gross state domestic product for 2006 is estimated at 629,500 million of Rupees at current prices.

References:-

http://news.oneindia.in/2006/08/15/jharkhand-govt-targets-11-per-cent-gdp-in-2006-07-1155647127.html

http://www.dnaindia.com/money/interview_dainik-bhaskar-group-entering-jammu- bihar-jharkhand_1363478

Bihar

Bihar GDP growth in year 2009 is 11.03%.

The GSDP today stands at 112,424 Crores Rupees ($21 billion nominal GDP). In actual terms, as of 2008, Bihar state GDP is ranked 2nd out of 28 states.

References:-

http://thejamalpur.com/2010/01/12/bihar-registers-11-03-growth-in-gdp/

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Documents/ESR-2008-09-EN.pdf

http://www.infoahmedabad.com/2009/12/gujarat-beats-india-in-gdp-race.html

3. NUMBER OF DISTRICTS:-

Jharkhand

The 24 districts of Jharkhand state are:

1. Ranchi

2. Lohardaga

3. Gumla

4. Simdega

5. Palamu

6. Latehar

7. Garhwa

8. West Singhbhum

9. Saraikela Kharsawan

10.East Singhbhum

11.Dumka

12.Jamtara

13.Sahebganj

14.Pakur

15.Godda

16.Hazaribagh

17.Chatra

18.Koderma

19.Giridih

20.Dhanbad

21.Bokaro

22.Deoghar

23.Khunti

24.Ramgarh

Bihar

The state is divided into 38 districts.

Banka Bhagalpur Begusarai Darbhanga

Madhubani Samastipur Madhepura Saharsa

Supaul Arwal Aurangabad Gaya

Jehanabad Nawada Jamui Khagaria

Munger Lakhisarai Sheikhpura Bhojpur

Buxar Kaimur Patna Rohtas

Nalanda Araria Katihar Purnia

Gopalganj Saran Siwan East Champaran

Muzaffarpur Sheohar Sitamarhi Vaishali

West Champaran Kishanganj

4. NUMBER OF DIVISIONS:-

Jharkhand

Presently, 24 districts of Jharkhand are grouped in to 5 divisions. These divisions are:

a) South Chotanagpur division

b) North Chotanagpur division

c) Palamu division

d) Santhal Pargana division

e) Kolhan division

Bihar

Presently, 38 districts of Bihar are grouped in to 9 divisions. These divisions are:

Division        Headquarters

a) Bhagalpur I. Bhagalpur

b) Darbhanga II. Darbhanga

c) Kosi III. Saharsa

d) Magadh IV. Gaya

e) Munger V. Munger

f) Patna VI. Patna

g) Purnia VII. Purnia

h) Saran VIII. Chapra

i) Tirhut IX. Muzaffarpur

5. NUMBER OF VILLAGES:-

Jharkhand

Number of Villages in Jharkhand is 29,354 only 9,119 are electrified while 20,235 are still groping in the dark as on December 31, 2007

Bihar

Number of Villages in Bihar is 39,015 only 20,620 are electrified as on December 31, 2007

References:-

http://www.bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/march/newsbihar05march1.html

6. CLIMATE:-

Jharkhand

In General, the plateau region of Chotanagpur and Santhal Parganas is characterized by

humid and sub humid tropical monsoon in sub zone IV, sub humid to subtropical in sub zone

V and humid to sub-tropical in sub zone VI, undulating Plateau, hills and mountains, non

existence of perennial rivers, initially high forest cover, which is depleting fast due to mineral

and industrial exploitation and encroachment, concentration of tribal population in many

areas with a life style geared to forest ecology, pockets with chronic drought conditions,

erratic rainfall, low ground water level, high soil erosion, insufficient agricultural dairy and

fishery activities, rising agricultural unemployment and acute poverty. Important

characteristics of the three sub zones are:

Sub Zone IV:

1. Low water retentive capacity of the soil particularly that of uplands.

2. Late arrival and early cessation of monsoon and erratic and uneven distribution of

rainfall.

3. Lack of safe disposal of runoff water during monsoon and water storage and moisture

conservation practices for raising Rabi crops.

4. Drying of tanks and wells by February results in no Rabi crop production.

Sub Zone V:

1.  Late arrival and early cessation of monsoon.

2. Erratic /uneven distribution of rainfall.

3. Low water retentive capacity of soils.

4. Lack of soil and water conservation practices

Sub Zone VI:

1. Uneven distribution of rainfall.

2. Low water holding capacity.

3. Eroded soils.

4. Poor soil fertility.

LAND USE PATTERN:

Important land use pattern characteristics of the three sub zones in Chotanagpur and Santhal

Parganas of Plateau region with respect of area, population, crop & irrigation are presented

below

AREA, POPULATION, CULTIVATED AREA AND FORESTS IN DIFFERENT AGRO-CLIMATIC

ZONES OF JHARKHAND

Sub Zone Sub RegionTotal

Geographical area (m ha)

Population (million)

Net cultivated

areaForest (%)

IVCentral North Eastern

Plateau4.1 12.3 55.0 13.0

V Western Plateau 2.5 6.0 24.0 33.0VI South Eastern Plateau 1.3 3.5 31.6 24.0

SOIL RESOURCES:                                                                                             

Out of 79lakh hectares geographical area of Jharkhand state, the net cultivated area is around

22 lakh hectares. Area under forest is 29 percent (23 lakh hectares). The state comes under

agro climatic zone 7 and in zone 12 & 13 as per agro-ecological characterization of the

country. The region mainly comprises soils developed on granite gneiss (32.6%) and granite

schists (14.2 %). There is practically no problem of soil salinity or flooding. Soil acidity

problem (ph < 5.5) is acute in 4 lakh hectare of cultivated area. The region has a major

problem of slight (52 %) to moderate (36 %) soil erosion since about 43 % soils are located

on very gentle slopes (1 to 3% and 31 % soils on gentle slopes (3 to 8%). 

          The land surface being uneven are subject to sheet and gully erosion, causing loss of

soil and plant nutrients. Out of 79lakh hectares geographical area of the region, about 23 lakh

hectares are subjected to severe erosion every year. But, erosion, moderate to severe taken

together affect about 30 lakh hectares which is about 40 per cent of the geographical area.

Thus, checking soil erosion by adopting soil conservation measures should be the most

important step to check land degradation

CLIMATIC RESOURCES:

The climate of the region is influenced by geographic location and physical features. Located

on an elevation of 300 to 610 meter above sea level, the climate ranges from dry semi humid

to humid semi-arid types.

The annual rainfall in the plateau and sub-plateau region is 1400 mm, on an average of which

82.1 % is received during the periods June to September and the rest 17.9 % in remaining

months

CROP SEASON WISE DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN OF RAINFALL (MM) AT KANKE           

Crop Season Current Year

(2001-02)

10 Years (mean)

(1991-2000)

34 years (mean)

(1957-1990)

44 years (mean)

(1957-2000)

Kharif

(June –October)

1093.0 1424.2 1227.6 1278.7

Rabi 211.8 178.4 167.8 175.1

(October –March0

Zaid

(March-Jun))

662.8 361.4 346.6 329.7

 DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF RAINFALL SUB ZONE WISE OF JHARKHAND

Sub-zones Annual rainfall (mm) Kharif (June to October)

Sub zone (iv) 1320.0 (80.82)*

Sub zone (v) 1246.0 (70.00)

Sub zone (vi) 1400.0 (80.85)

References:-

http://www.sameti.org/default1_1sprof.htm

Bihar

Soil

The Bihar plane consists of a thick alluvial mantle of drift origin overlying in most part. The siwalik and older tertiary rocks. The soil is mainly young loam rejuvenated every year by constant deposition of silt, clay and sand brought by different streams. This soil is deficient in phosphoric acid, nitrogen and humus, but potash and lime are usually present in sufficient quantity. There are three major types of soil in Bihar:

Piedmont Swamp Soil - found in northwestern part of west Champaran district.Terai Soil – found in northern part of the state along the border of Nepal.The Gangetic Alluvium – the plain of Bihar is covered by gangetic alluvium (both new as well as old).

The climate of Bihar is a part of the climatic pattern of the Indian subcontinent. It enjoys a continental monsoon type of climate owing to its great distance from the sea. The factors affecting the climate of Bihar are:

It extends from 22-degree north to 27-degree latitude. Hence its location is tropical to sub tropical.The Himalayan Mountains in the north have a significant bearing on the distribution of monsoon rainfall in Bihar.Bihar joins the Ganga delta and Assam.

Seasons and their duration:

Cold weather season - December to February.Hot weather season – March to May.Southwest monsoon – June to September.Retreating southwest monsoon – October to November.

Normal Rainfall in Bihar 1,205mm

Average Number of Rainy Days in Bihar 52.5 Days in a Year

References:-

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/climate.htm

http://www.brandbihar.com/english/geography_of_bihar.html

7. AGRICULTURE SECTOR:-

Jharkhand

Total area of agricultural lands in Jharkhand is about 2.57 hectares, which produces a total of 37.85 tonnes of food grains. Among the important crops that form an important part of agriculture of Jharkhand are:

Paddy Wheat

Pulses

Oilseeds

Maize

Til

Sugarcane

Bajra, etc.

The terrain of Jharkhand is divided into different agro-climatic zones, which can be summed up as follows: 

Sub-Region Sub-Zone Total Area Net Agricultural Area

Central North Eastern Plateau. IV 4.1 hectares 55.0

South Eastern Plateau VI 1.3 hectares 31.6

Western Plateau V 2.5 hectares 24.0

WATER RESOURCES:-

About 9 percent of the area in the state is irrigated. The state receives

rainfall 1200-1600 mm/annum at both the monsoon. Precipitation is

rather variable. Winter season precipitation is meagre and highly

variable. There are no an average 130 rainy days in a year and 75 days,

rainfall is below 2.5 mm. On 55 rainy days evaporation level is more

than 2.5 mm per day. As per estimate out of the average annual

precipitation of 10 million hectare meter in the state about 20 % is lost

in the atmosphere, 50 % flow as surface runoff and balance 30% soaks

into the ground as soil moisture and ground water.

DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF RAINFALL SUB ZONE WISE OF

JHARKHAND

Sub-zones Annual rainfall (mm) Kharif (June to October)

Sub zone (iv) 1320.0 (80.82)*

Sub zone (v) 1246.0 (70.00)

Sub zone (vi) 1400.0 (80.85)

FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION:-

Analysis shows the requirement of 46 lakh tonnes of food grains for a

population of 26 million against the current production of 22 lakh

tonnes. The short fall in food grain production is highest in sub zone IV

(Central north eastern plateau) followed by that in western and

southeastern plateau zone.

AREA AND AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY OF IMPORTANT

CROPS IN JHARKHAND:

Crop

Agro- Climatic Zone

IV V VI

Are

a

(00

0

ha)

Productivity     

     (q ha-1)

Area

(000

ha)

Productivity     

     (q ha-1)

Are

a

(00

0

ha)

PRODUCTIVITY    

      (Q HA-1)

Rice 836 11.28328.

56.9 330 4.5

Ragi43.

77.66 -- -- 1.0 3.6

Maiz

e117 13.11 41.6 8.0 6.7 8.1

Whe

at92 16.00 14.0 6.5 1.9 6.6

Red

Gram8.6 11.41 17.0 7.5 0.6 7.4

Niger12.

34.0 19.3 3.7 2.0 2.7

FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION TARGET FOR JHARKHAND:

Sub Zone Present Level Desired Level

Croppe

d Area 

( M ha-

1)

Food

grain

Productio

n

 ( M

tonnes)

Productivi

ty

( t/ha)

Food grain

requirement

( M tonnes)

REQUIRED

PRODUCTIVI

TY  ( T HA-1)

IV 1.04 1.13 1.09 2.24 2.15

V 0.77 0.62 0.80 1.09 1.40

VI 0.39 0.35 0.90 0.64 1.64

Total 2.20 2.10 0.93 3.97 1.73

Coverage, Production and Productivity in tonnes of Different crops of Jharkhand 

Paddy 

Year Coverage in

lakh haProduction in Lakh tones

Productivity Tones/ha

2001-02 15.20 27.33 1.93

2002-03 13.83 20.71 1.64

2003-04 13.63 23.10 1.70

2004-05 12.76 19.08 1.50

Maize                                                                                                                                             

                                                                           

Year Coverage in

lakh haProduction in Lakh tones

Productivity Tones/ha

2001-02 1.40 2.09 1.76

2002-03 1.58 2.67 1.68

2003-04 1.88 3.00 1.60

2004-05 1.91 2.78 1.46

Pulses  

Year  Coverage in Production in Productivity

lakh ha Lakh tones Tones/ha

2001-02 2.12 1.66 0.80

2002-03 2.43 1.49 0.81

2003-04 3.01 1.68 0.60

2004-05 2.91 1.90 0.65

Top

Oilseeds  

Year Coverage in

lakh haProduction in Lakh tones

Productivity Tones/ha

2001-02 0.75 0.50 0.59

2002-03 0.94 0.60 0.62

2003-04 1.01 0.40 0.35

2004-05 0.94 0.53 0.56

References:-

http://www.mapsofindia.com/jharkhand/business-economy/agriculture.html

http://www.sameti.org/default1_1sprof.htm

Bihar

As of 2008, agriculture accounts for 35% of the economy of the state. Another survey conducted by Central Statistical Organization (CSO) and National Sample Survey Organization, under MOSPI, said that Bihar saw 14.80 percent growth in factory output in 2007-08, which was slightly less than the Indian rate of 15.24%.

Bihar has significant levels of production for the products of mango, guava, litchi, pineapple, brinjal, cauliflower, bhindi, and cabbage in India. Despite the states leading role in food production, investment in irrigation and other agriculture facilities has been inadequate in the past.

Districtwise Production in Cash Crops in Re-organised BiharDuring the year 1999-2000 (Production in 000' MT)

------------------------------------------------------------------Sl.| District | Sugarcane | Potato | Tobacco | Jute | Chillies | --------------------------------------------------------------------1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | --------------------------------------------------------------------1 | W.CHAMPARAN | 1676 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | E.CHAMPARAN | 521 | 73 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | SHEOHAR | 52 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | SITAMARHI | 212 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | MADHUBANI | 32 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | SUPAUL | 32 | 100 | 0 | 124 | 0 | 7 | ARARIA | 2 | 51 | 0 | 241 | 1 | 8 | KISHANGANJ | 1 | 14 | 0 | 220 | 0 | 9 | PURNEA | 0 | 95 | 0 | 243 | 0 | 10 | KATIHAR | 0 | 44 | 0 | 208 | 0 | 11 | MADHEPURA | 25 | 28 | 0 | 58 | 0 | 12 | SAHARSA | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | DARBHANGA | 41 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | MUZAFFARPUR| 37 | 87 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | GOPALGANJ | 605 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | SIWAN | 223 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | SARAN | 27 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | VAISHALI | 7 | 43 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 19 | SAMASTIPUR | 116 | 139 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 20 | BEGUSARAI | 74 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 21 | KHAGARIA | 7 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | BHAGALPUR | 79 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | BANKA | 42 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | MUNGER | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | LAKHISARAI | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | SHEIKHPURA | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | NALANDA | 4 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | PATNA | 11 | 74 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 29 | BHOJPUR | 5 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | BUXAR | 7 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | BHABHUA | 31 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | ROHTAS | 13 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | JEHANABAD | 14 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | AURANGABAD | 2 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

35 | GAYA | 35 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | NAWADA | 9 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | JAMUI | 14 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------ Total :- | 3957 | 1303 | 18 | 1087 | 6 | ------------------------------------------------------------------Source : Directorate of Statistics and Evaluation Bihar, Patna Note : Total may not tally due to rounding off the figure.

Districtwise Production of Cereals in Re-organised Bihar (Production in 000' M.T.)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sl.| District | Rice | Wheat | Maize | Barley |

No.1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 | W.CHAMPARAN | 349 | 208 | 30 | 2 |2 | E.CHAMPARAN | 294 | 274 | 48 | 2 |

3 | SHEOHAR | 32 | 23 | 3 | 0 |4 | SITAMARHI | 126 | 106 | 12 | 0 |5 | MADHUBANI | 200 | 125 | 5 | 0 |

6 | SUPAUL | 120 | 96 | 26 | 0 |7 | ARARIA | 154 | 117 | 32 | 0 |8 | KISHANGANJ | 132 | 31 | 13 | 5 |

9 | PURNEA | 135 | 96 | 75 | 0 |10 | KATIHAR | 165 | 90 | 73 | 1 |11 | MADHEPURA | 112 | 83 | 99 | 0 |

12 | SAHARSA | 116 | 123 | 103 | 0 |13 | DARBHANGA | 78 | 112 | 23 | 0 |

14 | MUZAFFARPUR | 149 | 192 | 60 | 3 |15 | GOPALGANJ | 132 | 205 | 33 | 0 |

16 | SIWAN | 144 | 232 | 59 | 1 |17 | SARAN | 131 | 194 | 62 | 1 |

18 | VAISHALI | 75 | 99 | 62 | 1 |19 | SAMASTIPUR | 104 | 108 | 122 | 0 |

20 | BEGUSARAI | 25 | 130 | 106 | 0 |21 | KHAGARIA | 18 | 77 | 168 | 0 |

22 | BHAGALPUR | 68 | 80 | 70 | 1 |23 | BANKA | 154 | 60 | 24 | 1 |

24 | MUNGER | 41 | 36 | 19 | 0 |25 | LAKHISARAI | 35 | 34 | 4 | 0 |26 | SHEIKHPURA | 52 | 33 | 6 | 0 |27 | NALANDA | 208 | 203 | 12 | 0 |

28 | PATNA | 220 | 186 | 45 | 2 |29 | BHOJPUR | 251 | 172 | 3 | 1 |30 | BUXAR | 242 | 166 | 2 | 3 |

31 | BHABHUA | 230 | 167 | 1 | 1 |32 | ROHTAS | 340 | 313 | 1 | 4 |

33 | JEHANABAD | 149 | 78 | 1 | 1 |34 | AURANGABAD | 315 | 93 | 1 | 3 |35 | GAYA | 264 | 96 | 7 | 2 |

36 | NAWADA | 141 | 123 | 3 | 1 |37 | JAMUI | 46 | 23 | 12 | 2 |

---------------------------------------------------------------------------Total :- | 5476 | 4518 | 1497 | 36 |

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Source : Directorate of Statistics and Evaluation,Bihar, Patna Note : Total may not tally due to rounding off the figure.

Major Crops in Bihar In 000' M.T. __________________________________________________

Crops | 1997-98 | 1998-99 | 1999-2000 |__________________________________________________

1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |__________________________________________________

1. Rice | 5395 | 5291 | 5476 |2. Wheat | 3939 | 4292 | 4518 |3. Barley | 34 | 35 | 36 |4. Maize | 1201 | 1209 | 1497 |

Pulses :--- |1. Gram | 75 | 102 | 83 |2. Massor | 125 | 180 | 173 |2. Arhar | 55 | 65 | 52 |3. Khesari | 147 | 139 | 175 |4. Peas | 16 | 18 | 19 |

Commercial Crops :- |1. Sugarcane| 4882 | 5033 | 3957 |2. Tobacco | 15 | 13 | 18 |3. Potato | 1161 | 1360 | 1303 |4. Jute | 1326 | 694 | 1087 |5. Chillies| 4 | 6 | 6 |

__________________________________________________Source : Directorate of Statistics and Evaluation. Bihar, Patna Note : Total may not tally due to rounding off the figure.

Important crops that form an important part of agriculture of Bihar are:

Maize accounts for 1.5 million MT(or 10% of country production)

Sugarcaine produces 13.00 million MT

Litchi production is 0.28 million MT(Bihar contributes 71% of national production)

Makhana levels are 0.003 million MT(Bihar contributes 85% of national production)

Mango is 1.4 million MT(13% of All India)

Vegetable production is 8.60 million MT (9% of All India)

Honey Production is 1300 MT (13% of All India)

Aromatic Rice 0.015 million MT

Milk Production (Present) :4.06 million MT. COMPFED has established 5023 cooperative societies with 2.54 lakh membership -highest among the eastern states.

Fishery production levels are 0.27 million lakh MT

References:-

http://industries.bih.nic.in/Slides01/Presentation.pdf "Doing business the hard way in Bihar" http://www.financialexpress.com/news/doing-

business-the-hard-way-in-bihar/274316/.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Patna/CM_Corruption_biggest_challenge/ articleshow/3829800.cms

http://patna.bih.nic.in/html/agriculture.htm

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Depts/PlanningDevelopment/Statistics/reptab36.pdf

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Depts/PlanningDevelopment/Statistics/rtab38_2.pdf

http://gov.bih.nic.in/Depts/PlanningDevelopment/Statistics/rtab39_2.pdf

http://www.lib.virginia.edu/area-studies/SouthAsia/Ideas/boseAgri53.html

8. INDUSTRY SECTOR:-

Jharkhand

Jharkhand has a concentration of some of the country’s highly industrialized cities such

as Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Bokaro Steel City and Dhanbad. It also has several firsts in India,

including:

Largest fertilizer factory of its time in India (since shut down) at Sindri

First Iron & steel factory at Jamshedpur

Largest Steel plant in Asia, Bokaro steel plant, Bokaro.

Biggest explosives factory at Gomia, Bokaro.

First methane gas well at Parbatpur, Bokaro.

Major Industrial Units

Bokaro Steel Plant, Bokaro.

Tata Steel Plant, Jamshedpur.

Tata Motors, Jamshedpur

Heavy Engineering Corporation, Ranchi.

Patratu Thermal Power Station, Ramgarh.

Chandrapura Thermal Power Station, Bokaro.

Bokaro Thermal Power Station.

Tenughat Thermal/Hydro Power Station, Bokaro.

Jindal Steel Plant, Patratu.

Electrosteel Plant, Bokaro.

Usha Martin, Ranchi.

Upcoming Mega Projects

Tilaiya Power Project(5000 MW), Koderma.

ArcelorMittal Steel Plant(12 ml/t), Bokaro.

Posco Steel Plant(1.5 ml/t), Bokaro.

Posco Steel Plant(12 ml/t).

Tata Steel Plant(12 ml/t), near Jamshedpur.

Bokaro Power Plant(500 MW).

SAIL Greenfield Plant(12 ml/t), Bokaro/Manoharpur.

Software Technology Park, Jamshedpur and Bokaro.

SAIL Plant(6 ml/t), Sindri.

Urbanization ratio is 42.25% and the per capita annual income is US$ 1,490.

Jharkhand also has immense mineral resources:

minerals ranging from (ranking in the country within bracket) from

 Iron ore (1st),

 Coal (3rd), 

Copper ore (1st), 

Mica (1st), 

Bauxite (3rd), 

Manganese, limestone, china clay, fire clay, 

Graphite (8th), 

Kainite (1st), 

Chromite (2nd), 

Asbestos (1st), 

Thorium (3rd), 

Sillimanite, uranium (Jaduguda mines, Narwa Pahar) (1st) and

Even Gold (Rakha mines) (6th) and 

Large deposits of coal and iron ore support concentration of industry, in centers

like Jamshedpur, Bokaro and Ranchi. Tata Steel, a S&P CNX 500 conglomerate has its

corporate office in Jharkhand.

It reported a gross income of Rs.204,910 million for 2005.

References:-

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand

Bihar

For industrial development, the NDA government has cleared a total of 135 proposals worth Rs 71,289.64 crore, submitted by big entrepreneurs for setting up medium and large industries. The proposals are related to sugar mills, ethanol, engineering and medical colleges and power production in the state. A sum of Rs 602.54 crore had already been spent on various activities pertaining to the cleared projects, which are likely to create job opportunities for over 114,000 people. The proposals include opening of 23 new sugar mills and the expansion of seven existing ones, apart from the production of ethanol in two sugar mills and five sugarcane juice production plants. The projects regarding five power plants, 12 food processing units and 15 steel processing and cement plants have also been cleared by the state

Sugar Mills

The Indian Business Directory states that the Bihar Sugar Industry has flourished in the last

couple of years due to the efforts taken by the state government to revive the industry. The

total number of sugar mills in Bihar Sugar Industry is 28 out which only 9 are operational.

The total area under sugarcane production is 2.30 lakh hectares and the total production of

sugarcane is around 129.95 lakh M.T. The location of the sugar mills of Bihar Sugar Industry

are Samastipur, Gopalganj, Sitamarhi, West Champaran, Chorma, Dulipati, and Supaul.

The total production of sugar in Bihar Sugar Industry was 4.21 lakh tons in 2002-2003 and in 2003-2004, the figure stood at 2.77 lakh tons. Again, in 2004-2005, the figure was 2.77 lakh tons. The state government has also approved the proposal for the setting up of 15 new sugar mills in the state which will bring in an investment of Rs. 3,771 crore in Bihar Sugar Industry

Textile Mills

Total number of weavers in Bihar is more than 90,000. Bhagalpur is known as leading silk city. Gaya –another major weaving centre –around 8000. There is a strong traditional handloom clusters in the districts of Bhagalpur, Gaya, Nalanda, Darbhanga, Madhubani, Siwan, Patna. Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services is preparing Project Report for Textile Parks and also for Cluster Development Programmes. However, most of textile centres in state on decline, producing low value goods

Leather Industry

The state is very rich in cattle population.There are 50,000 footwear artisans in the State.

State has tanneries in the private sector. More tanneries & footwear units are to be set up in

the private sector.

Small Scale Industries

The small scale industries have contributed to Bihar's economic upsurge. The total investment of SSI's is Rs 88.75 crore. Small/artisan-based industries are generating 5.5 lakh mandays in the current fiscal till December

References:-

http://industries.bih.nic.in/Slides01/Presentation.pdf http://business.mapsofindia.com/sugar-industry/bihar.html

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/SSIs_add_majorly_to_Bihars_eco_growth/ rssarticleshow/2832960.cms

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Patna/ Bihar_security_firm_sets_foot_in_Australia/articleshow/3401009.cms

http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=331738

9. CONSTRUCTION SECTOR:-

Jharkhand

Major Projects in Jharkhand

o North Koel Hydroelectric Project (2x12 MW)

o Chandil Dam H.E. Project (2x4 MW)

o Tenu-Bokaro Link Canal H.E.P. (1x1 MW)

o Sadani Hydroelectric Project (2x500 KW)

o Lower Ghaghari Small Hydroelectric Project ( 2x200 KW)

o Netarhat Small Hydroelectric Project ( 1x40 KW)

o Nindighagh Demo Hydroelectric Project (1x200 KW)

o Jalimghagh Demo Hydroelectric Project (1x200 KW) 

 References:-

  http://www.bshpcltd.com/pjhar.htm

Bihar

Roads Construction and Investment

The government is working on the expressway from the Purvanchal border through Bihar to

Jharkhand, and has also decided to expand the state highway from Patna to Muzaffarpur from

its current poor one lane to a four lane expressway. The state now spends (2007–2008) Rs

2,222.08 crore on roads, compared with Rs 51.2 crore between 2003-2004. In September

2008, $420 Million (USD) loan from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) was provided to

the government to improve nine state highways. The loan would be used to convert nine state

highways into double-lane roads covering a total stretch of 820 kilometers. The ADB had

also given its consent for development of 1,500-kilometre stretch of state highways into two-

lane roads as per international standards under Bihar State Highways Project (BSHP). BSHP

will be executed in two phases. The nine roads have been included in its first phase.

Public - Private Partnership

Indian Railways Contract

Indian Railways announced contracts to manufacture electric locomotives in Bihar. The

electric locomotives will be manufactured at a factory in Madhepura and the diesel ones at

Marora. Five multinational companies have been shortlisted for two separate contracts,

jointly worth an estimated $8 billion (Rs37,600 crores, to manufacture and supply

locomotives for the Indian Railways. These factories now have developed capacity issues.

Germany’s Siemens AG, Bombardier Transportation India Ltd, a unit of Canada’s

Bombardier Inc., and France’s Alstom SA is attempting to secure an order to build and

supply at least 660 electric locomotives for the railways. General Electric Co. (GE) and

Electro Motive Diesel Inc. (EMD) will compete for the second contract—to build and supply

1,000 diesel train engines for the national transporter.

IOC Barauni

IOC Barauni in the Bihar state of India was built in collaboration with the Soviet Union at a

cost of Rs.49.4 crores and went on stream in July, 1964. The initial capacity of 2 MMTPA

was expanded to 3 MMTPA by 1969. The present capacity of this refinery is 6.00 MMTPA.

A Catalytic Reformer Unit (CRU) was also added to the refinery in 1997 for production of

unleaded motor spirit. Projects are also planned for meeting future fuel quality requirements.

Union government has plan to develop a petrochemical plant along with the refinary.

East Central Railway, Hajipur

It is one of the railway zone in Indian railway system, it comprises the following railway

divisions(Samastipur, Danapur, Mugalsarai, Dhanbad & Sonepur)

National Thermal Power Corporation

Eastern region head quarter of Indian power major NTPC is situated at Patna, following are

the major power plant under this region is Kahalgaon, Talchar & Farakka. Upcoming power

plant in the region are as follows Barh(Patna), Nabinagar(Aurangabad).

References:-

http://www.projectstoday.com/newsr.asp?newsid=20417 http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?

id=NEWEN20080057141&ch=7/15/2008%208:20:00%20AM

http://www.ptinews.com/pti%5Cptisite.nsf/0/ B9C6ED7871970F3E652574D4001C641D?OpenDocument

http://www.mynews.in/fullstory.aspx?storyid=11455

10. TV Viewers

This is a list of the States of India ranked in order of percentage of households having a television set. This information was compiled from NFHS-3. NFHS-3 was released on 11 Oct 2007 and the detailed survey can be viewed in the following website

Rank State Television ownership (%)1 Punjab 78.52 Goa 77.53 Andhra Pradesh 72.64 Kerala 67.75 Himachal Pradesh 63.4

6Jammu and

Kashmir62.9

7 Uttaranchal 618 Maharashtra 58.89 Sikkim 55.810 Karnataka 53.611 Tamil Nadu 53.1

12 Gujarat 5313 Haryana 50.314 Mizoram 48.315 Manipur 47.816 Tripura 46.717 INDIA 44.218 Meghalaya 41.419 Arunachal Pradesh 41.320 Nagaland 37.921 West Bengal 3722 Rajasthan 35.623 Madhya Pradesh 3524 Assam 34.325 Uttar Pradesh 3426 Chattisgarh 33.427 Orissa 28.928 Jharkhand 28.129 Bihar 18.2

References:-

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_states_ranking_by_television_ownership