DINAANGGRAENI(120820160031)PADJADJARANUNIVERSITY

ReportofTheInternationalJointSeminar&VisittoShin-Koto

IncinerationPlantTokyo,15–19May2017

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1. MARKETINGANALYSISREPORTToanalyzehowthebusinesskeepgoinginthemiddleofforcetheexternalfactors,wewilluse

PESTELanalysis.PESTELstandsforPolitical,Economic,Social,Technological,Legal,andEnvironmentandwillmoreexplainasfollow.

Political

Since 1950, Japan is the best of economic country in East Asia due to industrialization andsupportfromeconomicalpolicies.Oneofthem,theywereprotectedtheirmarketandgivethesubsidytodomesticproducersandrestrictimportsfromothercountries.ThispolicyalsomakeJapanrefusetheFreeTradeAgreement.

In2001,alltheparadigmaboutprotectedmarketwaschangesincenewJapan’sprimeministerJunichiroKoizumielected.HestartedtheagreementwithASEANcountries knownasKoizumiDoctrine.ThisagreementorganizethecooperationbetweenJapanandotherASEANcountriestodothefreetrade.In 2002, Japan signed the Joint Declaration to create the framework for ASEAN-Japan ComprehensiveEconomicPartnership(AJCEP).

Besidesthefreetradepolicy,Japanstartedprivatizedthenationalcompanies,suchaspostofficetodecreasecostofsubsidyforunproductivenationalcompanies.Koizumialsomadeapolicytodecreasethesubsidyforthefarmersatthesametimeandgotresistancefromthefarmersbutcannotchangethedecisionmade.Thissituationbeingmorecomplicatedduetoissueofriceimportfromothercountries.

Afterthehardeffort,itstartshowedtheresult.InnegotiationwithASEANmembers,Japanagreeto remove tariffs on industrial product andprotect their agricultural sectorbeing closedmarket. Japanofferthecooperationwithgivethetrainingaboutimprovementofsanitationtoincreasetheiragriculturesector,Japanalsosendtheirexperttoincreaseotomotivesector.ThispoliciesmadeexportfromJapantoASEANcountriesincreaseandalsoincreaseJapan’sGrossdomesticBruto(GDP).Now,wecanseemanyproductof Japan inotherscountryandwecanalsoseeother’scountriesproduct in Japanas impactofthispolicy.SeveralproductthatfamousinIndonesialikesony,Toyota,Suzuki,Hondaandmanymore.

Economic

To increase their economic, Japandevelop tourism sector. Japan has unique culture, beautifulnature and wery well-organized city asoneofalternativefortouristdestination.

To support torism sector, Japangivedutyfreeforgovernmenttaxandtaxfreeforconsumption’stax.Wecaneasilyfindshopwithtaxfree,sincetheyusuallyuseflagfromJapantourismagencies.TaxfreeappliestoalltouristexceptlongtermtouristwholivedforsixmonthsinJapan,touristwhoworkatJapanalsoforJapan’scitizen.

ThereareseveralrequirementstogettaxfreeinJapan:a. Purchasingthegoodsinstorewheretaxfreeisallowedb. Non-fooditems,suchaswatches,clothinganddailynecessities.Thisitemssouldbetakenoutfrom

JapanwithinsixmonthsfromthedateofenteringJapanc. Consumption items suchas cosmetics,medicines, foodanddrinkingwater shouldbe takenoutof

Japan(shealed)within30daysfromthedateofpurchase.Incaseforcommongoods,weshouldbuywithtotalpurchaseY10.001ormoreinonestore.This

commongoodsconsistofnon-consumptiongoodssuchaselectrical,accessories,watchandclothing.Forconsumptiongoods (foods,water, cosmetics,medicine), totalpurchase inone store is Y5.001and lessthanY500.000.Totalforcommongoodsandconsumptiongoodsshouldbeseparate.

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Social

The contrast lifestyle can findbetween office workers and teenagersin Japan.Forofficeworkerswecanseetheyarelookveryseriousbothintermsofdressingandsocializinglife.Itstotallydifferentwith Indonesia, inJapanofficeworkers mostly wear suit as theiruniform. They also known as brandminded people, that’s why shoppingcentreinTokyolikeGinzabeingthebestplaceforofficeworkerstoshop.Wecanfindsomanybrandsstorehere.Besidesbeing a shopping area for local people,Ginza also being one of destination fortouristtoshopping.

Harajuku being one of famousareaforJapanesetoexploretheirstyle.Theywear unique costums and act outvarious anime characters to show theirfreedom of style. This make Harajukubeing as one tourist destination to seedirectlyhowuniquetheyare.Besidesit,we can also going shopping for somelifestyleitemshere.

Notonlyinstyle,Japanesealsovery respects to make their childrenbeing independence people.Kinderganten student going to school by them self is something common in Japan. when their kidsenteringseniorhighschool,theyusuallyhavepermitstostartedparttimejobandgetsalaryfromit.Sotheycanhavesomethingfromtheirsalary,suchasbrandedphone,clothing,andothers.

Technological

Japan well known as country that applied good technology in many sector. Technology andindustrialist era start in 1868-1912 known as Meiji Restoration. This era as beginning for Japan totransformfromfeudalcountrytoindustrialcountry.

Oneofsuccsess technology thatapplied in Japanare inbullet trainandshinkansen.This superfasttraincangowith600km/hoursspeed,shinkansencancompleted515kilometersin2,5hours.Theyuse levitationmagnetic technology that canpush the train in tomaximal speed.Manypeople in Japanprefer going everywhere by train and subway, that’swhyweonly see little car on street. In IndonesiamostofcarsarefromJapan,butinJapantheyprefergoingbypublictransportation.Theyalsousebicycletosupporttheirtransportation.Itsnotonlyhealthforbodybutalsodecreasethepollution.

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Other technology that applied isearthquake resistant buildings. Earthquake is oneofthedisastersthatbecameathreatinJapandueto Japan stand on pasific plates. This technologymake the existing buildings become flexibles andnoteasycollapsedduetoeffectoftheearthquake.This technology also adapted to mini marketbuildings that also design to have energy reserve,so the electricity will still exist even generallydisconnectedduringtheearthquake.

In other function, robot being somethingcommon in Japan,oneof them can find inAquacitymall,odaiba. Some restaurantuse robotsalsoas waiters, it make people interest to come notonly to taste the food but also feel rarelyexperience.

Legal

Somethinglegalinonecountrymaybewillnot legal in other country, this is also apply inJapan. In Indonesia cigarettes is somethingcommon to buy or sale everywhere, but in Japannot everyone can buy cigarettes, we must havepermitstobuycigarettesanditsnotforunderagepeople.

Besides permits, Japan’s government alsostraight about people who smoke in public area.Wemust pay Y 5.000 if we smoke in places thatforbid to smoke. To accommodate smokers,

Japan’sgovernmentprovidemanysmokingspace inpublicareas.Sotheycansmokewithoutbreaktherule. This is good for tobaccobusiness since Japan’s governmentnot forbid the cigarettesandgive thespecialspaceforsmoker,sotheyarenotintrusiveatherspeoplewiththeirsmoke.

Environmental

Japaneseveryconcernaboutenvironmental.Smallthingthathavebigeffect isabouthowtheymanagetheirtrash. Injapan,theycategorizetheir trash based on trash that could beprocessed naturally and couldn’t beprocessednaturally.a. Moerugomi (trash that could be

processednaturally)Mayconsistofhouseholdwaste,suchaskitchen waste, photo, diapers, log andpillow.Forkitchenwaste,itmustbedrybeforeputiningarbageplastic.

b. Moenaigomi (trash that couldn’t beprocessednaturally)Mayconsistofcan,bottle,plastic, iron,chemical,paper,andglass.

In Japan, they have schedule tothrow their trash, we must throw the trashbased on schedule and their categorize.

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Moerugomi usually throw twice aweek andmoenaigomi once aweek.Moerugomi use green garbageplasticandMoenaigomiusewhiteplastic.

OtherregulationabouttrashinJapanisaboutspecialtrash.Specialtrashispaidtrash.Thistrashmay contain of television, computer, air conditioner, refrigator,microwave, closet andothers. There isanotherway to throwup this special trash,wecan throwh it in the recycle shopandgetmoney ifourgoodsstillingoodconditions.

Recommendation

ItsbeingcomplicatedwhenmustcompareourcountrywithJapan,butthereareverymuchinputto make our contry better. Indonesia can make Japan as rolemodel in many sectors. Here are therecommendation:a. ForbusinessownerinIndonesia

we can use technology to improve our production and manage the residual waste for betterenvironment. Indonesia have so many cultures and beautiful landscapes. We can seize theopportunitybymanage tourismentbusinessbetter forexamplemake tanahabangmoreeffectivefortouristasclothingshoppingcenter.WealsocanmakeIndonesiaantraditionalfoodbeingmorefamouswithmorepromotionandgoodpackaging.

b. ForgovernmentinIndonesia• We not only can being importer but also make a regulation to protect our local market,

especiallyforbasicneeds,suchasrice.• Wealsocanincreaseourexportwithhighqualityproductandusetechnologytosupport• IndonesiacanimitatehowtomanagetheirtrashfromJapan• We must create public transportation and infrastructure better to decrease traffic jam and

pollutionandsupportoureconomy• Government must be more concern about the dangers of cigarretes, not only build more

smokingspacebutalsoconsistwithregulationtonotsmokeinpublicarea• Wecan imitateJapantobuildearthquakeresistantbuildingsduetoseveralarea in Indonesia

areearthquakepronearea.

2. CROSS-CULTURALANALYSISREPORT

Todeterminehowtoenteroverseasmarkets,marketparticipantsneedtoestablishaformofcrosscultural consumer analysis. Cross-cultural consumer analysis is an attempt to determine the degree ofsimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweentwoormorecountries.Thisanalysiscanprovideanunderstandingofthe consumer's psychological, social, and culturalcharacteristics that targeted bymarket participants, so theycandesigneffectivemarketingstrategies.

DifferencesinValues,BeliefsandPolicies

Japanwellknownascountrythatveryconcernaboutwhat they eat and what contain in their foods. That’s whythey make ingredients in food label very details. Forcarbohydrate japan not only consume rice but also manyvariansofnoodles.Theyalsoeatfishandvegetablesalot.

Japanalsoknownasgreenteaproducers.greenteaisone of variety teawith high antioksidant that very good forourbody.Greenteaormatchabeingoneoffeaturedproductthat can find easily in many products in Japan, such as icecream,pancake,chocolatesandmanymore.ThisisbeingoneoffavoritesouvenirsfortouristthatvisitedJapan.

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Beside foods, to support their healthy life, most of Japanese have the good habit to walk,bicycleing,hiking.

Acculturation

Japan have similaritywith China inseveralaspects.Inyamato’sera,theybuilttheir kingdom with acculturation fromChinese architecture. Not onlyarchitecture,butalso in language,writing,religion, agriculture, weave, eventreatment and medication. Traditionalmassage from china known as shiatsu oranma was adopted in Japan and use tohealsomediseases.

Another acculturation such asfashioncomefromEurope.Mostofofficeworkerwearsuitfortheiruniform.NowsuitbeingsomethingcommoninJapanandothercountriesintheworld.Notonlyinlifestyle,mostofhalalfoodinJapancomefrommuslimcountry,suchasIndia,Pakistan,Turkey,Malaysia.WecanfindhalalrameninsomeplacesinJapan, this is also show us how acculturation happened. Furthermore, as one of international studentdestination,wecanalsofindtheacculturationbetweenlocalpeopleandstudentsfromothercountries.

WorldBrands

One of famous brand thatexisting in Indonesia is sony. Sonyhave a lot of varian of products,such as gadget, film productionandmusic,videogameandothers.Sony established in Indonesia in1995, in usic industry, sonymergered with BMG music beingSony BMG Music EntertainmentIndonesia.

Recommendationa. ForbusinessownerinIndonesia

WemusttryourbestforbeingbusinessleadernotonlyinIndonesiabutalsointheworld.Wecanimitate Japanhow they build their business and consistwith their high quality productwith theirdedicationanddiscipline

b. ForgovernmentAcculturationmakeourculturebeingricher,governmentcanmakearegulationabouthowmanagethedifferencesbetweenpeoplesinIndonesiabeingabenefitforall.Wecanalso

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3. COMPANYVISITANALYSISREPORT

SHIN-KOTOINCINERATIONPLANT

Wastefromhumanactivitybeingglobalissuerightnow.Oneofsolutionforthatissueisreducethewasteaslittleaspossibleandencouragetherecyclingofwasteasresource.Burningisthebestwayforprocessingwasteandrecyclingenergyduetocombustiblewasteisburntinhygienicmannerandheatgeneratedservestogenerateelectricityforenergyrecycling.

Shin-koto incinerationplantbuiltwithairpollutionpreventive facilities thatplaysan importantrole of processing waste produced within 23 cities in Tokyo. Below are the details about Shin-KotoIncineartionPlantincludestheequipments:a. Sitearea:61.000m2b. Incinerate1.800t/day.c. Constructioncost:88billionyenapproximatelyd. Completed:September1998e. Buildingscale:Reinforcedconcreate(partiallyironframed);Ninestoriesabove(partiallyoneunder)

thegroundf. Buildingsite:28.000m2approximatelyg. Totalfloorarea:77.000m2approximatelyh. Stack:Outercylinder,reinforcedconcretemade;innercylinder:stainlesssteelsheetmadei. Height:150mj. Incinerator:Fullycontinuousincineration,firegratetype600t/dayx3unitsk. Boiler:Naturalcirculationtypewaterpipeboilerwithheater;maximumsteamgenerated:121,3t/h

x3unitsl. Turbinegenerator:Bleedercondensingturbine50.000kwx1unitm. Dustcollector:Bugfilterdustcollector,volumeoffreatedexhaustgas:200.000Nm3max/hx3unitsn. Refusebunker:45.000m3approximatelyo. Refusebunkergate:21doubleleafedhingedgatesp. Ashbunker:2.900m3approximatelyq. Powerreceptionequipment:Incomingpowervolt,2linesr. Vaporemissions:1.483kts. Amountofsteamturbine:1,043kt

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Thefeaturesoftheplantdescribeasfollow:a. Nationaltop-classwastedisposalplant

AsonofthebiggestinJapan,incinerates1.800tonwasteperday,andabout400.000tonperyear,generate50.000kwwithastamturbinegenerator

b. PreventionofairpollutionPlantremovesmostofhydrogenchloridecontainedinexhaust,dust,sulfuroxides,andmercury.Itsuccess reduce the emision of dioxins at a much lower level than legally stipulated using dioxinremovalfacilities

c. Compatiblewiththeglobalandlocalenvironment

Fromdata abovewe can see need hugemoney to built an incineration plant in Japan. In theconceptofassetoptimalization, Indonesiangovernmentcanuse idleassetsuchas landtominimizethebudget.Theincinerationalsomanagewell,theycangetprofitfromheatasresultofincineration.Detailsabouthowitworkswillexplainbelow:a. Wastecarriedbygarbagetrucksisdumpedintothewastebunker

b. Wasteistemporarilystoredandthenthrownintothewastehopperc. Wasteisburnedcontinuouslyonthestokerd. Steamisgeneratedbytheheatofcombustionintheincineratorse. Thesteamturbinegenerator isa systemtogenerateelectricpowerutilizationsteamproducedby

theboilerf. The opearation of the entire plants is intensivelymonitored in the central control roomwith the

computers.Alltheequipmentisalsoundercontroloftheroomg. Ashisproducedbyincinerationistemporarilystoredandthentransportedoutinashcarringvehicle

Shin-koto incineration plant stand around other building, it could be happened due to the

incineration have no pollution as the result of burn the waste. The process of happened in De-NOxCatalystReactionTower,wherechangesNOxcontainedinfluegasintononharmfulnitrogenandwaterwithhelpofcatalystbyblowingammoniagas,andcatalystdecomposedioxins.Theprocessasfollow:

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Besides the process in the catalyst reaction tower, there are bag filter that remove dioxins, mercury,hydrogen,chloride,sulfur,oxide,sootanddustoffluegasfromthecoolingtowerandmakecleangasastheresult.

Assecond largest incinerationplant inTokyo,wecansee ifShin-koto incinerationplanthaveagreatviewandstandaroundotherbuildingsinceitfreefrompollutant.

Togivecomprehensive ililustrationabout incinerationplant,beloware listofcleanauthority inTokyoandthepropertyarea:

NO PlantName PropertyArea(m2) Incinerationcapacity

(tons/day)1 Meguro 29.000 6002 Ariake 24.000 4003 Chitose 17.000 6004 Edogawa 28.000 6005 Sumida 18.000 6006 Kita 19.000 6007 ShinKoto 61.000 18008 Minato 29.000 9009 Toshima 12.000 40010 Shibuya 9.000 20011 Chuo 29.000 600

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12 Itabashi 44.000 60013 Tamagawa 32.000 30014 Adachi 37.000 70015 Shinagawa 47.000 60016 Katsushika 52.000 50017 Satagaya 30.000 30018 Ota 92.000 60019 Nerima 15.000 600

As comparative, in Indonesia the common way to manage the trash is throw them to placeknownasTPA(TempatPembuanganAkhir).TherearethreemethodsthatusuallyusedinTPAtoprocessthetrash,namely:a. OpenDumping

Inthismethod,trashdumpinopenplaceandleftafterfull.Thisisnotrecomandedsincecouldgivebadimpatpeoplearoundandtheenvironment.

b. ControllandfillThis is isnextstepofopendumpingmethod,theaccumulationoftrashwillbecoveredbylayerofsoiltoreducebadimpactfromthetrash.

c. SanitarylandfillSanitary landfill ismethodwhere trashdump into soilwith layer by layer on a site that has beenprepared. The trash formed into solid by heavy equipment and covered by soil every day. Thismethodquiteexpensiveduetoinfrastructureneeded.

IndonesianGovernment regulatewastemanagementwith constitutionNumber 18 of 2008, inarticle42saidthatlocalgovernmentmustclosedTPAthatusedopendumpingmethodmaximum5yearsfrom 2008, in other words, it must applied in 2013. Mohammad Helmy as vice chairman of InSwa(IndonesiaSolidWasteAssociation)saidthatmainobstaclewhythelocalgovernmentcannotappliedTPAasmandatedinlegislationisduetotheexpensiveoflandcover,especiallyfortheregionthathavenohillsormontainssuchasKalimantanandEastSumatera.Belowdatashowus58%from14TPAinbigcityatIndonesiacoveredthetrashonceamonthuntilonceayear,meanquitedifficulttoapplytheregulationabouthowlocalgovernmentmanagetheirtrash.

Some regions in Indonesia that success with sanitary landfill such as TPA Puuwatu Kendari,Southeast Sulawesi, they usemethane from TPA being fuel for electricity and gas burner. This is goodexample for other region to manage their waste and optimize their asset. Talking about wastemanagementinIndonesia,scavengerbeingcommonprofession.Whenwemanagethetrash,wenotonly

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manage the trash but also people. There are nomore room for scavengerwhenwe built incinerationplant,andnomoreslumneighborhoodaround.InBaubau,SoutheastSulawesi,theysuccessmanageTPAwith bank sampah (waste bank). Every worker in bank sampah is paid with UMR (regional minimumwage),theirtaskareselectthetrashthatcome,andgroupingthembaseontype,originandcolor.Wecanalsomanagethescavengerdantrainthemforgroupingthetrashitwilloptimizethepeopleasasset.

Assetmanagementcoulddefineasaprocessfromplanninguntildisposal,knownaslifecycleofasset,detailasfollow:a. Plaaningphase

Inthisphase,weplanandcreateassetbasedonneededb. Procurementphase

Wecanbuytheasset,builtitorcreateitinthisphase.Butbuyingtheassetiscommonway.c. Operatingandmaintenancephase

Assetuseasthefunctionandneedmaintenancetomaketheassetlifelongeranduseproperlyd. Disposalphase

Wheneconomicalageofassetwasendupandcannotworksanymore.

Siregar (2004) define asset optimizing is awork process in assetmanagement to optimize thepotentialofphysical,location,value,volume,legalandeconomyfromtheasset.Inordertooptimizetheasset, asset will identifiedand grouping based on theit potential function. We need some criteria tomeasurehowtheassetwillbegroupingandwemustknow,whytheassetbeingidlecapacity.Siregaralsostatedthattooptimizeassetwemust:a. Maximizeassetavailabilityb. Maximizeassetutilizationc. Minimizecostofownership

Siregar(2004)saidtheaimofassetoptimizingare:a. Identifyandinventoryalltheassetbasedonshapes,size,physical,legalandalsodecidemarketvalue

fromeachassettoknowtheireconomicalbenefitb. Utilizetheasset,wheteritissuitablewiththefunctionornotc. CreatetheinformationandadministrationsystemtoreachtheefficiencyandeffectivenessTheresultfromassetoptimizingprocessisanrecommendation,couldbeasprogramandstrategicgoals.

Bantargebangforexamplestandonlocalgovernmentlandwith108haarea,widestincinerationplantinJapanonlyhave92.000m2area.IfwebuildoneincinerationplantinBantargebangwewillsaveanotherlandforotherinfrastructureorwecanrenttoprivatecompany.HereareseveralincinerationinIndonesiatogivecomprehensiveoverview:

No NameofTPA Location Area1 BantarGebang Bekasi 108ha2 GampongJawa BandaAceh 9ha3 Puuwatu Kendari 13ha4 Wakonti Baubau 3ha5 TangerangRaya Mauk 20ha6 MuaraFajar PekanBaru 13ha7 PutriCempo Surakata 17ha8 Benowo Surabaya 38ha9 Sambuta Samarinda 30ha10 Jatibarang Semarang 46ha11 Tamangapa Makasar 14ha12 Segawe Tulungagung 5,5ha13 Sukawinatan Palembang 25ha14 BlangBintang BandaAceh 200ha15 LeuwiGajah Bandung 25ha16 Marelan Medan 14ha17 Nambo Bogor 55ha

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18 Piyungan Yogyakarta 10ha

TooptimizeTPAinIndonesia,wecouldalsoinvitetheprivatecompanytoworktogether,thereareseveralformofcooperationbetweencentralgovernment,localgovernmentandprivatecompanytousetheasset:a. Rent

Government’sLandandbuildingcouldberentforotherpartytooptimizethevalueofassetb. Lease

Leaseusuallyonlyforcentralandlocalgovernment.Localgovernmentleasethecentralgovernmentassetwithoutpayanythingintheperiodoftime.

c. CooperationofutilizationAssetutilizationwithincertaintimeperiodtoincreaserevenuesandminimizecosts

d. Build,OprationandtransferOtherpartybuildtheinfrastructureandfacilitiesanduseditinperiodoftime,whenthetimeisovertheinfrastructureandfacilitiestransferbacktothegovernmenttomanageandusetheasset.

MassoudandM.El-fadel(2002),Public-privatepartenershipinwastemanagementhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages,namely:

Advantages DisadvantagesMunicipality(publicownershipandoperation)

1. Lesscomplicatedfinancing2. Controlofsystem3. Potentialforincomefromtippingfees4. Retention of ownership of equipment

andfacilitieswhendebtispaid5. Money for solid waste service stay in

region

1. Assumesentirefinancialrisk2. Assumesentireenvironmentalrisk3. Personnelefficiencymaybelowerthan

companies4. Capital expendicture may take longer

toprocess5. System maybe susceptible to political

interfenceandshorttermbenefitsMSW(MuniciaplsolidWaste)collectionalternatives

Contracting1. Can take advantage of private sector

experienceandeffiecencyinoperation2. Retainssomecontroloversystem3. Retain ownersip of equipment and

facilitieswhendebtispaid4. Likely to result in the lowest collection

cost

Contracting1. Assumesentirefinancialrisk2. Assumes most of the environmental

riskmustmanagethecontract3. Necessaryadministrativeoversightand

enforcement4. Contractor fee is often collected from

residents

Franchise1. The government does not have raise

moneytopaytheprivatecompany2. Administrativeinvolvementisminimize3. Willresultinlowercostforresidents

Franchise1. Someresidentswillobject tochanging

serviceproviders2. Private company may want

government or municipality to bearsomeriskforbadacoounts

3. Will not result in the lowest collectioncost

MSWtraetmentanddisposalfacilitiesmanagementalternativesBOO(Biuld,Operate,Own)concession

1. Noup frontcapital cost tomunicipality,lessstrainonmunicipalbudget

2. Financialriskassumedbyprivateowner3. Private owner remains commited

becauseoffinancialinvestment4. Can take advanteges of private sector

experienceandefficiencyinoperation

BOOconcession1. Financial rewards occur to private

owner, solid waste is a cost witoutpotential for generating income, andtaxdollarsleaveregion

2. Mustsharetheenvironmentalrisks3. Must manage contract, financial

difficulties and contractproblemsmay

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5. More flexibility in establishingmanagementstructure

6. Lesssusceptibletopoliticalinterfence

hinderservice4. Once amunicipality is out of the solid

wastebusinessitmaybedifficulttogetback whicj weakens negotiatingposititioninthefuture

5. Donotownfacilityorequipmentafterdebtispaidlostofcontroloversystem

BOOT (Biuld, Operation, Own, Transfer)concession

1. Retainsomecontroloversystem2. Privatesectorfinancefacilities3. Outline the final condition inwhich the

facilitiesmustbepresentedtothelocalgovernment at the time of ownershiptransfer

BOOTconcession1. Willlosesomecontrolofsystem2. Ownership will eventually be

transferredoverthegovernment3. Requires meticulously develop

spesification

RecommendationIndonesiacanadopthowJapanmanagetheirwastewithincinerationplant.Wecanuseouridle

assetsuchaslandtominimizebudgetifwewanttostarttobuildtheincinerationplantorwecanchangethe function of TPA being incineration plant. We can also adopt technology that used in Japan tominimize our pollution level. Not only built, Japan also concern about how they treat their asset,maintenanceveryhelpfultomakesureourassetbeinglonglifeandworkproperly. Tooptimizetheresult,wecanalsomakearelationwithprivatecompanyasourinvestorandalsoascustomerwhowillusetheheatasresultofincinerationfortheirbusiness.Theoptimizingofresultwill give the benefit for government to increase revenue and also give the other option as energyresources. Inotherhand,privatecompanymusthaveCSR that supportaboutwaste issue in Indonesia.The cooperation couldbeas campaignhow tomanage their ownwaste, give the training aboutwastemanagementwithlocalcommunities,givetheheavyequipmenttofacilitatetheprocess,etc. Japanasreferencemaybequitehardtobecomapred,Indonesiacanstarttoconcernabouthowtocovered trashasmandatedby law, sowecanoptimize the land thatwehaveandmakebetterenvironment.

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