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CHAPTERTHREE_2khalaf 47of100ISSUESFOUNDINTHISTEXT

86PLAGIARISM

7%

Contextualspelling 2ConfusedWords 2

Grammar 24ArticlesUse(a/an/the) 13

FaultySubjectVerbAgreement 9

IncorrectNounNumber 2

Punctuation 29CommaMisusewithinClause 26

PunctuationinCompound/ComplexSentences 3

SentenceStructure 2IncompleteSentence 2

Style 21PassiveVoiceMisuse 10

ImproperFormatting 9

InappropriateColloquialisms 1

WordySentence 1

Vocabularyenhancement 0 Checkingdisabled


CHAPTERTHREE_2khalaf3.4PerformanceInvestigationforDOAEstimationof

TwoSources

Aperformanceinvestigationisachievedtocompare

betweenFFT, ,MUSIC,andEVmethodstoshow

theminimumresolveddifferencebetweenanglesof

sourcesatdifferentparameters.Figure(3.5a)shows

theperformanceoftheFFT, ,MUSIC,andEV

methodstorecognizebetweentwosourceswhenthe

SNR atfixednumberofelements(N=4

elements).

Figure(3.5a)DOAEstimationfor difference

betweenanglesversusSNR(dB)forFFT, ,

MUSIC,andEVmethodsatN=4elements,andd=

0.5

In

method,thedifferencebetweenanglesofsources

lessthaninFFTmethod.WhenSNRis0dB,the

differenceequals430andthisdifference

whentheSNRincreases,soat(30dB)itequalsto

(100).InMUSICandEVmethodsthedifference

betweenanglesofsources betterthan and

FFTmethods.WhentheSNR(0dB),thedifferenceis

400andthisdifferencedecreasesto100forSNR

equalsto(30dB).

Figure(3.5b)showstheperformanceoftheFFT,

,MUSIC,EVmethodstoresolvebetween

sourceswhentheSNR atfixednumber

ofelements(N=8elements).

Figure.(3.5b)

PHD 1

PHD 2

ischanged 3

minimum 4PHD 5

InFFTmethodandforlowSNR(0dB)itneedshigh

differencebetweenangles(570)

andthedifferencebeginstodecreasewhentheSNR

increasessowhenSNRhigh(30dB)itneedsa350

differencetoresolvebetweensourcesandthisisa

largevaluebecauseN=4(smallaperture).

toresolvebetween

sourcesbecauseoflowresolutionforthismethod, 7

6 PHD 8are 9

decrease 10

are 11 PHD 12

PHD 13arechanged 14

DOAEstimationforminimum 16

1 [ ]PHD Ph.D. Incorrectpunctuationwithatitle


3 Passivevoice

4 [ minimum or minimum]a the Missingarticle


6 Wordiness

7 Unoriginaltext:11wordswww.e-ijaet.org/media/52I21-IJAET0721315_v7_iss3_


9 [ ]are is Incorrectverbformwithsingularsubject

10 Possiblyconfusedword: decrease

11 [ ]are is Incorrectverbformwithsingularsubject



14 Passivevoice



17 [ ]PHD Ph.D. Incorrectpunctuation


(dB)forFFT,

,MUSIC,andEVmethodsatN=8elements,and

d=0.5

Thisinvestigationindicatesthatthedifferencebetween

theanglesofsourcesdecreaseswhenthenumberof

elements .At0dBtheFFTmethod,need

highdifferencebetweenanglesofsourcestorecognize

betweenthem.Thedifferenceisinversely

proportionalwith ofSNR.Forthisreasonand

athighSNR,FFTmethodneedssmalldifferencein

angles.The methodneedsdifferencelessthan

FFTmethodbecauseitishigh-resolutionalgorithm.

TheMUSICandEVmethodsarethebest .

Figure(3.5c)showstheperformanceoftheFFT,

,MUSIC,EVmethodstodistinguishbetween

adjacentsourceswhentheSNR atfixed

numberofelements(N=10elements).

Figure(3.5c)DOAEstimationfor difference

betweenanglesversusSNR(dB)forFFT, ,

MUSIC,andEVmethodsatN=10elements,andd=

0.5

TheFFTisenhancedfromthepreviouscasebecause

thenumberofelements .TheFFT

methodneeds280torecognizebetweentwoadjacent

sourcesatSNRequalsto0dB.Thisresultisdecreases

to150whentheSNRisincreasedto30dB.The

methodisworsethanFFTmethodat0dBbecausethe

high-resolutionalgorithmsareverysensitivetoSNR.

AthighSNR,itprovidesagood anditisbetter

thanFFTmethod.TheMUSICandEVmethodsgive

goodresultsandbetterthanFFTand methods.

Itneeds200betweenanglesofsourcestorecognize

betweenthem.Thesemethodsneedverysmall

differencesinanglesbetweensources,equalstoabout

40,athighSNR30dB.It thatwhenthe

arraylengthisincreased,theperformanceofFFT

methodisnotonlyimprovedinresolution,butalso

differencebetweenanglesversusSNR16

15

PHD 17

isincreased 18

value 19

PHD 20

one 21

PHD 22arechanged 23

minimum 24PHD 25

increasedare 27 26

PHD 28

result 29

PHD 30

isnoticed 31

withatitle18 Passivevoice

19 [ value or value]a the Missingarticle


21 [ ]one ones Singularnounwithpluralverb


23 Passivevoice



26 Passivevoice

27 [ ]are is Incorrectverbformwitha/thenumberof


29 [result ], Missingcommaincompoundsentence


31 Passivevoice


33 Passivevoice


35


hassomeimprovementforlowSNR.

Figure(3.5d)showstheinvestigationperformanceof

theFFT, ,MUSIC,EVmethodstoresolve

betweensourceswhenthenumberofelements

withoutadditivenoise.

Figure.(3.5d)

Numberof

elements(N)forFFT, ,MUSIC,andEVmethods

atd=0.5

ThisperformanceshowsthattheFFTmethodfor

numberofelements(shortdata)it

isoneofthe ofFFT

methodwherelowresolutionforshortdata.Whenthe

numberofelements the

differencebetweentheanglesofsourcesisdecreased.

At4-elements,theFFTmethodsneedhighdifference

equalsto300,whileat20-elementsneed80.The

super-resolutionmethodsarebetterthanFFT

method.

Figure(3.5e)showstheinvestigationperformanceof



atSNR0dB.

ThisperformanceindicatesthatatlowSNRandshort

data,theFFTmethodneeds

When

thenumberofelementsincreased,FFTmethod

improvedsignificantly.At elements,FFTmethod

needs560torecognizebetweenthem.Thedifference

decreaseswhenthenumberofelements .At

elements,thedifferenceequalstoabout270.The

methodat elementsneeds430toresolve

betweenanglesofsources.Thisdifferenceislessthan

PHD 32

changed

are 34

33

DOAEstimationfor

differencebetweenanglesversus

minimum 36

35

PHD 37

small 38 needshigh

differencebetweenanglestoresolvebetween

sources.39 This 40 disadvantage 41

are 43 increased 44,45 42

For numberofelementsequalsto4-

elementsneeddifferencesmallerthanFFTmethod

equalstoabout90,whileat20-elementsequalsto30.

small 46

PHD 47

changed

are 49

48

highdifferencebetween

anglesofsourcestoresolvebetweenthem.50

4 51

increase 5210 53PHD 54 4 55

Unoriginaltext:8wordswww.e-ijaet.org/media/52I21-IJAET0721315_v7_iss3_



38 [ small or small]a the Missingarticle


40 Unclearantecedent

41 [ ]disadvantage disadvantages Singularnounafterpluralquantifier

42 Passivevoice


44 [increased ], Missingcommaafterintroductoryclause

45 Sentencefragment

46 [ small or small]a the Missingarticle


48 Passivevoice



51 [ ]4 four Numeralsinsteadofwords

52 [ ]increase increases Incorrectverbformwitha/thenumberof

53 [ ]10 ten Numeralsinsteadofwords



56 [ difference or difference]the a Missingarticle


58 Undecipherablesentence

59 [noise ], Missingcommaincompoundsentence


inFFTmethod.At elementsthe

differenceequalsto330and.

TheMUSICandEV

methodsarebestoverFFTand method.

Figure.(3.5e)

Numberof


atSNR=0dBandd=0.5

Figure(3.5f)showstheinvestigationperformanceof



atSNR15dB.Inthisperformance,the

high-resolutionalgorithmsareimprovedandprovide

goodresultscomparedwith method

becausetheSNRareincreasedto15dB.At

elements,FFTmethodneeds430and180at10

elementstodistinguishbetweenanglesofsources.The

methodat elementsneeds220and80at10

elementstoresolvebetweenanglesofsources.The

MUSICandEVmethodarethebestoverFFTand

.At elements,itneedsabout180andat10

elements,itneeds70toresolvebetweenanglesof

sources.

Figure.(3.5f)

Numberof


atSNR=15dBandd=0.5

Figure(3.5g)showstheperformanceoftheFFT,

,MUSIC,EVmethodstorecognizebetween

sourceswhenthenumberofelements changed

athighSNRequalsto30dB.

Thisperformanceindicatesthatthehigh-resolution

algorithmsareworkproperlyathighSNR(30dB).At

difference 56 10 57Thisvalueisgreaterthan

thedifferenceinFFTmethodbecauseofthehigh-

resolutionalgorithmsarehighsensitiveto and

theFFTmethodislesssensitive.

noise 59

58

PHD 60

DOAEstimationfor


minimum 62

61

PHD 63

PHD 64

changed

are 66

65

classical 674 68

PHD 69 4 70

PHD 71 4 72

DOAEstimationfor


minimum 74

73

PHD 75

PHD 76are 77






65 Passivevoice


67 [ classical or classical]the a Missingarticle




71 [ ]PHD Ph.D Incorrectpunctuationwithatitle









80 [ difference or difference]the a Missingarticle

81 Possiblyconfusedword: wherein





elementsthe ,MUSIC,andEVmethods

needabout100torecognizebetweenanglesof

sources.Thisdifferenceislessthan in

FFTmethod FFTmethodisequalstoabout

430.At elementsthe ,MUSIC,andEV

methodsneedsmalldifferencebetweenanglesof

sourcesequalstoabout30and150inFFTmethod.

Figure.(3.5g)

Numberof


atSNR=0dBandd=0.5

4 78 PHD 79

difference 80wherein 81

10 82 PHD 83

DOAEstimationfor


minimum 85

84

PHD 86

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