REPORT 1969 - IUTAM

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS

REPORT 1969

IUTAM Building 404

Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Denmark


REPORT 1969

lnstirv i B tur Mrachonik Universitat Stuttgart

A AJ s I t1 - <. 0

Foreword

The Annual Report appears this year in a form, slightly different from the usual. The order of the context has been revised for easier reference, an al-phabetical list of person has been added and other small changes have been introduced. It is hoped that the users will find this to be an improvement.

Copenhagen, January 1970 Frithiof Niordson Secretary-General

Bureau Secretariat Past Officers Secretary's report Treasurer's report

CONTENTS

Representation in other organizations Members of the General Assembly . Members of the Congress Committeee . Adhering Organizations . . . . . . Reports of Symposia helj in 1969 . . Donations in 1969 . . . . . . . .

Appendices: Summary Record of the meeting of the Bureau at Herrenalb

Page 2 2 2 3 6

10 10 11 1 l 16 40

on 12 September, 1969 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Report on the Second Session of the ad hoc Group" at London, 25-27 June, 1969 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Statutes

Statuts de !'Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee 49 Resolution de 1' Assemblee Generate de Pallanza . . . . . . . . . 53 Regles de Fonctionnement du Comite des Congres de IUT AM . . . . 54 Statutes of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Resolution of the General Assembly at Pallanza . . . . . . 59 Rules of procedure for the Congress Committee of IUT AM 59

List of Publications 60 List of Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

2 REPORT 1969

Bureau

The following members of the Bureau of IUT AM have been elected for the period November 1, 1968 to October 31, 1972:

Officers: Prof. W. T. Koiter (Netherlands) Prof. M . Roy (France) Prof. H. Gortler (Germany) Prof. F. I. Niordson (Denmark)

Members: Prof. N. J. Hoff (USA) Prof. M. J. Lighthill (UK) Prof. W. Olszak (Poland) Prof. S. I. Sedov (USSR)

President Vice-President T reasurer Secretary

Secretariat

IUT AM Secretariat Building 404 Technical University of Denmark Lundtoftevej 1 00 OK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Telephone: (01) 88 46 22 Cable: IUTAM COPH

Past

Elected 1949 1953 1957 1961 1965

President Vice President J. Peres R. V. Southwell H. L. Dryden J. P.eres F. K. G. Odqvist H. L. Dryden G. Temple F. K . G. Odqvist M. Roy G. Temple

Treasurer Secretary H. L. Dryden J . M. Burger G. Temple F. A. v. d. Dungen G. Temple M. Roy W. T . Koiter M. Roy W. T. Koiter H . Gortler

JNTERNAnONAL UNION OF THEOREnCAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 3

Secretary's Report Meetings

In the year of 1959 five symposia were sponsored or co-sponsored by the . Union. These were the following:

(1) The IUTAM Symposium on Flow of Fluid-Solid Mixtures, Cambridge, UK, 24-28 March, 1969. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. G. K. Batchelor).

(2) The Joint IUTAMJIUPAP International Symposium on Electrohydro-dynamics, Cambridge, USA, 31 March-2 April, 1969. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. G. I. Taylor).

(3) The Joint COSPAR/IAUJIUGGJIUTAM International Symposium on the Dynamics of Satellites, Prague, CSSR, 2D-24 May, 1969. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. J. Kovalevsky).

( 4) The IUTAM Symposium on Instability of Continuous Systems, Her-renalb, Germany, 8- 12 September, 1969. (Chairmen of the Scientific Com-mittee: Profs. L. J . F. Broer and H . Leipholz).

(5) The Vlth Joint IAUJIUTAM Symposium on Cosmical Gas Dynamics, Yalta, USSR, 8-19 September, 1969. (Chairmen of the Scientific Committee: Profs. S. B. Pikelner and L. J . Sedov) .

Detailed reports on the scientific programs, the participation and the results achieved at those symposia are given separately in this volume (page 16).

It is fair to say that the scientific activity of the Union was exceptionally high in 1969 and, of course, the strain on the economy has matched this activity. It could only be accepted because the Union was granted an extra allocation of $ 3000 from ICSU. If the Union is to maintain such an activity in the future - to say nothing of an increase - measures must be taken to ensure the economic means. First of all, it is sincerely hoped that the "extra" allocation from ICSU will not be reduced in the future. But even so this will not be enough, and the Union has therefore decided to raise its annual dues from $ 70 to $ 100 per unit from 1971 on.

The Bureau of the Union met on the 12 September 1969 at Herrenalb in Germany. A summary record of the Bureau meeting is given below (page 41). One of the items discussed was the question of affiliation. It seems that a solution to this problem is at hand and the Bureau will propose to the next General Assembly certain amendments to . the Statutes of the Union in order to lay down rules for affiliating appropriate scientific bodies.

4 REPORT 1969

Adhering organizations In Argentine the "Sociedad Argentina de Mecanica Te6rica y Aplicada"

(SAMETA) has been constituted and subject to the approval by the General Assembly of the Union, this body will become the Argentinean adhering or-ganization to our Union in the future.

The Australian Academy of Sciences has appointed a new National Com-mittee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics for the next three years with Prof. J. R. M. Radok as chairman.

The Indian National Committee for the IUT AM has been reconstituted with Prof. P. L. Bhatnagar as chairman.

The U.S. National Committee has been reconstituted with Prof. G. Carrier as chairman.

A complete list of the adhering organizations is given on page 11 and of the members o( the General Assembly on page 10.

Symposia decided for 1970 and later The General Assembly of the Union has decided to sponsor the following

international symposia: ( 1) Second IUT AM Symposium on Creep in Structures, Gothenburg, Sweden,

17-21 August 1970. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. F. K. G. Odqvist).

(2) IUTAM Symposium on High-Speed Computing of Elastic Structures, Liege, Belgium, 24- 29 August 1970. (Chairman of the Scientific Com-mittee: Prof. B. Fraeijs de Veubeke) .

(3) Joint IUTAMJIUGG Symposium on Flow of Multiphase Fluids in Porous Media, Calgary, Canada, 11-15 May 1971. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. W. D. Baines).

(4) IUTAM Symposium on Unsteady Boundary Layers, Quebec, Canada, May 1971. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. E. A. Eichelbrenner).

(5) IUTAM Symposium on Nonsteady Flow of Water at High Speeds, Lenin-grad, USSR, 22-26 June 1971. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. L. I. Sedov) .

(6) IUTAM Symposium on Dynamics of Ionized Gases, Tokyo, Japan, Sep-tember 1971. (Chairman of the Scientific Committee: Prof. M. J. Light-hill).

(7) Joint IUTAMJITTC Symposium on the Directional Stability and Control of Bodies Moving in Water, London, UK, March or April 1972. (Chair-man of the Scientific Committee: Prof. R. E. D. Bishop).

Publications The proceedings of the 12th International Congress of Applied Mechanics

and the proceedings of three earlier symposia appeared in 1969 as books published by the Springer-Verlag. In addition to this the proceedings of one IUTAM symposium did appear as a supplement to the Journal "The Physics

. . .

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 5

of Fluids" and a report on one IUT AM symposium was published in the "Journal of Fluid Mechanics". Finally, the Annual Report 1968 was published by the Union. A complete list of the publications is given on page 60. Decisions made by the General Assembly in 1969

Acting on a circular Jetter dated 28 October 1969, the General Assembly approved that 1) a Symposium on Unsteady Boundary Layers and 2) a Sym-posium on the Directional Stability and Control of Bodies Moving in Water should be sponsored by the Union. Cooperation with other organizations

The International Commission on Acoustics (ICA) has invited the Union to nominate an observer to take part in the next meeting of the Commission which is scheduled to be held in the early spring 1970 in Budapest (Hungary). The Bureau has asked professor M. J. Ligthill to act as observer.

The Joint Ad Hoc Group for the Study of External Forces Affecting Ships held its second session in June 1969 under the chairmanship of professor G. J. Goodrich (IMCO). The session was attended by professor, dr. K. Wieg-hardt on behalf of the Union. He reports, that the question how and why trawlers and other ships capsize is still open and that there is a wide gap between the oceanographer's approach, which is mainly concerned with the statistical study of wave spectra, describing the surface of the sea in any detail and the linear calculation of a ship's response by naval architects. (Professor Wieghardt's report is given on page 48).

The second International Congress on the Theory of Machines and Me-chanisms was held in Zakopane (Poland) from 24-27 September 1969. In this congress about 150 scientists from various countries participated and some 60 papers were presented covering subjects ranging from the analysis and synthesis of mechanisms from a purely kinematic point of view to dynamic problems, optimization, technical applications, etc.

On 27 September 1969 a Constituent Assembly for the foundation of an International Federation on the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (IFToMM) was held. Professor G. Bianchi, who participated in this Assembly as well as in the preparatory work, has kindly reported to the Union. The Assembly approved Statutes for the Federation, admitted national organizations and elected members of the Executive Council with professor I. I. Artobolevskij as president.

Further information on the cooperation with other organizations is found in the summary record of the Bureau meeting (page 41) . Next Meeting of the Bureau

The Bureau will meet in Liege, Belgium, on the 25 August 1970. Next General Assembly

The members of the General Assembly will meet in Liege, Belgium, on the 27 August 1970.

TREASURER'S REPORT Summarised Statement of Receipts and Payments for the year ended 31st December 1969

(A) UNRESTRICTED FUNDS Balances, 1st January 1969 ......................................... .

Receipts: Subscriptions (Schedule I) ........................................ . Bank Interest .......................................................... . Reimbursement J.C.S.U. dues for 1968 .......... .. Reimbursement Symposium Marseille 1961 .... ..

Totals ..........

Payments: Printing costs I.U.T.A.M. report for 1968 ................... .. Payment to Congress Committee .................................. . Travelling and Subsistence expenses 12th ·International' ..... . Prof. E. Becker, Rom Codata ...................................... . Dr. G. Zimmermann I.C.A. Rom ................................. . Symposium 'Crimea' .(Schedule II) ............................ .. Bureau Meeting Karlsruhe (Schedule III) .................... . I.C.S.U. dues for 1969 ...... ........... ..................... ..... .. , Bank Charges .......... . ................................. .. Total payments ........................................................ .

Balances 31st December 1969 .................. .. .................. .

u.s. Dollars

4.393,35

4.393,35

950,-

950,-

3.44?,35

Pounds Sterling

2.626.11.11

2.626.11.11

2.626.11.11

French Francs

-7- 861,10

861,10

861,10

Dutch Guilders

125.123,28

7.721,82 6.056,16

138.901,26

1.223,10 7.299,63

147,03 8.669,76

130.231,50

Summarised Statements of Receipts and Payments for the year ended 31st December 1969

(B) RESTRICTED FUNDS Balatzces, lsi January 1969 ......................................... .

Receipts: Amount received from I.C.S.U. in respect of UNESCO grant Reimbursement Symposium Cambridge, USA 1969 .......... ..

Totals ............................................................... .. .. .

Payments: Symposium Karlsruhe (Schedule IV) ...... .................... .. Symposium Cambridge UK (Schedule V) ...................... . Symposium Cambridge USA (Schedule VI) ................... . Total payments .................................... . ................... .

Balances, 31st December 1969 ................ ...... .......... ... ..

SUMMARY OF BALANCES (A) Unrestricted funds ........................................... .. (B) Restricted funds ............. . .................. ....... : .. .... .. Balances at Banks, 31st December 1969

u.s. Dollars

--:- 561,95

10.000,-

9.438,05

3.377,-

3.377,-

6.061,05

3.443,35 6.061,05 9.504,40

Pounds Sterling

2.626.11.11

2.626.11.11

-7- 2.626.11.11

2.626.11.11 2.626.11.11

French Francs

861,10

861,10

861,10

861,10 861.,10

Dutch Guilders

17.641,08

17.641,08

16.105,37 9.080,63

25.186,00

--:- 7.544,92

130 .231,50 ....:.... 7.544,92

122.686,58

DM

19.562,19

571,27 1.201,93

21.335,39

2.067,28

755,10 771,50

1.663,-3.737,60

642,60 19,60

9.656,68

11.678,71

DM

565,99

565,99

2.364,-

2.364,-

1.798,01

11.678,71 1.798,01 9.880,70

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Payment of Annual Dues (as of 31 December 1969)

9

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 UK .............................. .. ..... . Hungary .. . ..................... . ...... . France .......................... . ...... . Czechoslovakia ....................... . Norway .. . ..... .............. ... . ... ... . Italy ... .......... .•..... ... .. . . ....... o ••

Belgium ... T ......................... .

USA ........ .' ............... . .. ..... ... . Denmark .... . ...... . .................. . Sweden .................... .. ....... .. . . Turkey ...... . ............. ............ . India ......... .. ... .................... . . Switzerland ....... ............. ... .... . Germany ......... .. . .......... .. ...... . Israel .................. .. ... . ...... o .... .

Spain ................................... . Austria ' , . .. .... . ......... .. ....... ... . .. Japan ..... . ................... .. . .... .. . Yugoslavia .. ... .............. . ..... . .. . Poland ·········· · ···· ···· · •·o··········· Netherlands ..... . .......... . ......... . Finland . . ......... .. ..... ... ........... . Rumania .. .. . ... .. .................... . USSR ........ . .......... ..... ... . . ..... . Argentine .......... . ..... .. .. .... ..... . Canada .............. . . ................ . Australia Portugal Bulgaria

12 1 8 3

1 5 12

3 1 3 1 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12 1 8

12 1 8 3

1 5

12 1 3 1 3 3 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12 1 8

12 1 8 3 1 3 5 12 1 3

0,5 3 3 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12 1 8

Bank Accounts of JUT AM

12 1 8 3 1 3 5 12 1 3

3 3 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12 1 8

12 1 8 3 1 3 5

12 1 3

3 3 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12 1 8

Treasurer: Prof. H. Gorder, Sonnhalde 90, D 78 Freiburg 1. Br. (Germany)

Chemical Bank and Trust Company, Brooklyn Branch, New York, N.Y. (USA)

R. Mees en Hope, Oude Delft 165, Delft (Netherlands)

Deutsche Bank A.G., Filiale Freiburg, D 78 Freiburg i. Br. (Germany)

12 1 8 3 1

5 12 1 3

3 3 8 1 3 1 5 1 5 3

12

8 1 1 1

10 REPORT 1969

Representation in other organizations Prof. Maurice Roy, Vice-President of IUT AM, represents IUT AM in the

Executive Committee of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU).

Prof. F. K. G. Odqvist acts as Representative of JUT AM at the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA).

Prof. Maurice Roy, Vice-President of IUTAM and President of COSPAR acts as Representative of IUT AM on the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR).

The Bureau has appointed Prof. M. ] . Lighthill as observer of IUT AM at the International Commission on Acoustics (ICA).

Members of the General Assembly * Prof. J . Ackeret (Switzerland)

Prof. W. D . Baines (Canada) Prof. G. K. Batchelor (UK) Prof. E. Becker (Germany) Prof. S. Berndt (Sweden) Prof. P. L. Bhatnagar (India) Prof. R. E. D. Bishop (UK) Prof. G. Brankow (Bulgaria) Prof. F. Buckens (Belgium)

* Prof. J. M. Burgers (USA) Sr. Rafael Calvo (Spain) Prof. Elie Carafoli (Rumania) Prof. G. F. Carrier (USA) Dr. Felix Cernuschi (Argentine)

* Prof. G. A. Crocco (Italy) Prof. B. Dolapchiev (Bulgaria) Prof. Daniel C. Drucker (USA) Dr. J. Dubuc (Canada) Prof. P. van Eepoel (Belgium) Prof. Bruno Finzi (Italy) Dr. F. N. Frenkiel (USA) Prof. Luc Gauthier (France) Dr. Paul Germain (France)

* Prof. S. Goldstein (USA) Prof. H. Gorder (Germany)

Prof. f. Haus (Belgium) Prof. J. 0. Hinze (Netherlands) Prof. N.J. Hoff (USA) Prof. A. A. Ilyuschin (USSR) Prof. I sao Imai (Japan) Dr. In g. Jan Jerie (Czechoslovakia)

0 Prof. W. T. Koiter (Netherlands) Mr. J. Kozesnik (Czechoslovakia)

* Prof. Y. H. Ku (USA) Prof. Anton Kuhelj (Yugoslavia) Dr. D. Kiichemann (UK) Prof. E. H. Lee (USA) Dr. Robert Legendre (France) Prof. M . J . Lighthill (UK) Prof. M. Lunc (Poland) Prof. E. Mettler (Germany) Prof. N. I. Muskhelishvili (USSR) Prof. A. A. Nikolskii (USSR) Prof. F. N iordson (Denmark) Prof. W. Nowacki (Poland) Prof. F. K. G. Odqvist (Sweden) Prof. W. Olszak (Poland) Prof. Enok Palm (Norway) Prof. Heinz Parkus (Austria) Prof. C. de Pater (Netherlands)

* Members elected by the General Assembly for the period 1968- 1972. • Representing the Congress Committee.


Sr. A. Perez-Marin (Spain) Prof. ] . R. M. Radok (Australia) Prof. M. Reiner (Israel) Dr. F. P. ]. Rimrott (Canada) Dr. Manuel Rocha (Portugal) Prof. N. Rott (Switzerland) Prof. Maurice Roy (France)

* Prof. W. Rubinowicz (Poland) Prof. Istvan Salyi (Hungary) Dr. P. Savic (Canada) Prof. L. I. Sedov (USSR) Prof. V. V. Sokolovskii (USSR)

* Sir R. V. Southwell (UK) Prof. S. E. Stenij (Finland) Prof. Itiro Tani (Japan)

* Sir Geoffrey Taylor (UK) * Prof. G. Temple (UK)

Prof. Nazim Terzioglu (Turkey) * Prof. S. P. Timoshenko (USA)

Dr. S. R. Valluri (India) * Prof. W. Weibull (Sweden)

Prof. Masao Yoshiki (Japan) Prof. Hans Ziegler (Switzerland)

Members of the Congress Committee

Prof.]. Ackeret (Switzerland) **Prof. G. K. Batchelor (UK) **Prof. E. Becker, Secretary (Germany)

Prof. B. A. Boley (USA) Prof. J. M. Burgers (USA) Prof. A. Caquot (France) Prof. G. A. Crocco (Italy) Prof. S. Goldstein (USA) Prof. H. Gortler (Germany)

**Prof. N. ]. Hoff (USA) **Prof. W. T. Koiter (Netherlands)

Prof. N. I. Muskhelishvili (USSR)

F. K. G. Odqvist (Sweden) Prof. H. Park us (Austria) Prof. M. Roy (France) Prof. W. Rubinowicz (Poland) Prof. L. I. Sedov (USSR) Prof. H. Solberg (Norway) Prof. I. Tani (Japan) Sir Geoffrey Taylor (UK) Prof. G. Temple (UK) Prof. S. P. Timoshenko (USA) Prof. W. Weibull (Sweden)

Adhering Organizations Argentine (1959) ***

11

Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Buenos Aires (Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ingenieria de Ia Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paseo Colon 850, Buenos Aires Director: Dr. Felix Cernuschi Representative: Dr. Felix Cernuschi

*) Members elected by the General Assembly for the period 1968- 1972. **) Members of Executive Committee.

***) The year in brackets denotes the year at admission to the Union.

12 REPORT 1969

Australia ( 1964) The Australian National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Australian Academy of Science, Gordon Street, Canberra City, Australian Capital Territory Chairman: Prof. J. R. M. Radok Secretary: A. L. G. Rees Representative: Prof. J. R. M. Radok

Austria (1951) Die Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Dr. Ignaz, Seipel Platz 2, A 1010 Wien President: Prof. Dr. h. c. mont. Erich Schmid Secretary-General: Prof. Herbert Hunger Representative: Prof. Heinz Parkus

Belgium (1949) Comite National de Mecanique Theoretique et Appliquee de la Classe des Sciences de 1' Academie Royale de Belgique, Palais des Academies, Bruxelles President: Prof. L. Tison Secretary: Prof. F. Haus Representatives: Prof. F. Haus, Prof. F. Buckens Prof. P. van Eeepoel

Bulgai·icl ( 1969) Bulgarian National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. ul. "7 noemvri" 1, Sofia President: Prof. G . Brankov Secretary : Prof. M. Kozarov Representatives: Prof. G. Brankov, Prof. B. Dolapchiev

Canada ( 1963) The National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa 7, Ontario President: Dr. W . G . Schneider Secretary: Dr. J. D. Babbitt Representatives: Dr. W . D. Baines, Dr. J. Dubuc, Dr. F. P. J. Rimrott, Dr. P. Savic

Czechoslovakia ( 1949) The Czechoslovak Committee of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (year of change of organization: 195 7) , Puskinovo nam. 9, Praha 6 President: Dr. Ing. Jan Jerie Representatives: Dr. In g. Jan )erie, J. Kozesnik


Denmark (1949) The Academy of Technical Sciences of Denmark (Akademiet for de Tekniske Videnskaber), Rigensgade 11 , 131 6 Copenhagen K President: Direktor Povl Hermann, AJS Dansk Svovlsyre- og Superphosphat-Fabrik, Amaliegade 15, 1256 K"'benhavn K. Secretary: Bjerre Lavesen Representative: Prof. Frithiof Niordson Finland (1952) The Finish National Committee on Mechanics, The Institute of Technology, Helsinki President: Prof. S. E. Stenij Representative: Prof. S. E. Stenij France ( 1949) Comite National de Mecanique, 55, boulevard Malesherbes, Paris VJIIe President: Prof. H. Villat Secretary-General: Prof. Maurice Roy Representatives: Prof. Maurice Roy, Prof. Luc Gauthier, Prof. Paul Germain, Dr. Robert Legendre Germany ( 1950) Gesellschaft fiir Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, Universitat Hamburg, Institut fiir Schiffbau, 2 Hamburg 33, Lammersieth 90 President: Prof. D r. K. Wieghardt Secretary: Prof. Dr. J. Dorr Representatives: Prof. E. Becker, Prof. H. Gortler, Prof. E. Mettler H ungary (1948) Hungarian National Committee for IUT AM of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest President: Prof. Istvan Salyi Secretary: Prof. ]. Szabo Representative: Prof. Istvan Salyi India (1950) The Indian National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (year of change of organization: 1967), National Institute of Sciences of India, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi Chairman: Prof. P. L. Bhatnagar Representative: Prof. P. L. Bhatnagar, Dr. S. R. Valluri l.rrael (1950) The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities (year of change of the name of the organization: 1965) , Jerusalem, P.O. Box 4040 President: Prof. A. Katchalsky Representative: Prof. M. Reiner

14 REPORT 1969

Italy (1949) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale delle Scienze, 7, Roma President: Prof. Giovanni Polvani Secretary-General: Dr. Franco Rolla Representatives: Prof. Bruno Finzi

Japan (19 '51 ) The National Committe for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Science Council of Japan, Ueno Park, Tokyo President: Prof. Itiro Tani Representatives: Prof. ltiro Tani, Prof. Isa'o Imai, Prof. Masao Yoshiki

Netherlands ( 19 52) Section for Mechanics of the Division of Applied Sciences of the Royal Insti-tute of Engineers ( year of change of organization: 19'57), Technische Hoge-school Twente, Postbus 21 7, Enschede President: Prof. i r. P. J. Zandbergen Secretary: Prof. ir. C. de Pater Representatives : Prof. ir. C. de Pater, Prof. ir. J. 0. Hinze

N orway ( 1949) The N ational Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Nor-wegian Academy of Sciences and Letters, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 3 President: Prof. Enok Palm Representative: Prof. Enok Palm

Poland (1952) The Polish Academy of Sciences, Palac Kultury i Nauki, Warsaw President: Prof. J. Groszkowski Secrchary-General: Prof. D. Smolefiski Representatives: Prof. M . Lunc, Prof. W. Nowacki, Prof. W. Olszak PorttJgal ( 1968) Laborat6rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Av. do Brasil, Lisboa Director: Dr. Manuel Rocha Representative: Dr. Manuel Rocha

Rmi?ania ('1956) Institut de Mecanique Appliguee de I' Academie de Ia RPR, Bucarest Representative : Prof. Elie Carafoli

Spain (1950) The National Institute of Aerospace Technology "Esteban Terradas" (Insti-tuto Nacional de Tecnica Aerospacial ·'Esteban Teradas"), Calle Serrano 43, Madrid President : Sr. Rafael Calvo Representatives : Sr. Rafael Calvo, Sr. A. Perez-Marin


Sweden ( 1950) Swedish National Committee for Mechanics, The Royal Institute of Techno· logy, Stockholm 70 President : Prof. Folke K. G. Odqvist Secretary: Prof. H. C. Fischer Representatives : Prof . Folke K. G. Odqvist , Prof. S. Berndt

Switzerland ( 1950) Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule, Leonhardstrasse 33, 8006 Zurich President: Dr. Jakob Burckhardt Secretary: Dr. Hans Rudolf Denzler Representatives: Prof. Niklaus Rott, Prof. Hans Ziegler

T11rkey ( 1950) The Turkish Society for Pure and Applied Mathematics, c.o. Prof. Nazim Terzioglu, Fenn Fakliltesi, Istanbul UK ( 1948) The Royal Society, 6 Carlton House Terrace, London SW 1 President: Prof. P. M. S. Blackett, C. H. Executive Secretary : Dr. D. C. Martin, C. B. E. Represen tatives : Prof. G. K. Batchelor, F.R. S. Prof. R. E. D . Bishop, Dr. D. Klichemann, C. B. E., F.R.S., Prof. M. J. Lighthill, F . R. S., Prof. G. Temple, C. B. E., F. R. S.

USA (1949) The U. S. National Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Division of Physical Sciences, National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Wash ington D. C. 20418 Chairman: Prof. George F. Carrier Vice-Chairman: Prof. E. H. Lee Representatives: Prof. G. F. Carrier, Prof. D. C. Drucker, Dr. F. N. Frenkiel, Prof. N. J. H off, Prof. E. H. Lee

USSR ( 1956) USSR National Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Lenin-gradskii prospekt 7 , Moscow A-40 President : Prof. N. I. Muskhelishvili Vice-President : Prof. L. I. Sedov Secretary: Prof. G. K. Mikhailov Representatives: Prof. N. I. Muskhelishvili, Prof. L. I. Sedov, Prof. A. A. Ilyuschin, Prof. A. A. Nikolski i, Prof. V. V. Sokolovskii Y 11 f!.OJfczvia (I 9'5 2) Yugoslav Society of Mechanics (year of change of organization: 1960) 73, Bulevar Revolucije, P.O. 895 Belgrade Representative: Prof. Ing. Anton Kuhelj

16 REPORT 1969

Reports of Symposia held in 1969 1.

IUT AM SYMPOSIUM ON THE FLOW OF FLUID-SOLID MIX-TURES, University of Cambridge (UK), March 24 to March 29, 1969.

Chairman: Prof. G. K. Batchelor, Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge (UK).

Participants from 19 countries, 54 authors from 14 countries (Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, UK, USA, USSR).

Report: The Symposium on Flow of Fluid-Solid Mixtures was held at the Depart-

ment of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, from 24th to 28th March, 1969. The members of the Scientific Committee were as follows.

G. K. Batchelor, University of Cambridge, UK (Chairman) ]. R. A. Pearson, University of Cambridge, UK (Secretary) G . N. Abramovich, Moscow, USSR A. Craya, University of Grenoble, France V. A. Vanoni, California Institute of Technology, USA

The local organizing committee consisted of the Chairman and Secretary, to-gether with ]. Bridgwater, J. F. Davidson and H . K. Moffatt, all of the University of Cambridge. Participants were accomodated in St. Catharine's College, close to the meeting place.

The aim of the Symposium was to consider the principles and basic theory pertaining to the dynamics of fluid-solid mixtures, their application to practical problems, and examples of flow of mixtures in nature in which there is need for further understanding. In pursuit of this aim, experts with a wide variety of interests and backg round were brought together, in order to acquaint them with developments in fields relating to their own, and to see whether results and techniques obtained in one situation could be usefully applied in others. The largest single group of participants consisted of workers in fluvial hydraulics. Another substantial section represented workers in fluidization. A third well-defined group was composed of those interested in continuum me-chanical theories for mixtures. Many participants however did have overlapping interests and would be difficult to categorize.

It was decided to restrict attendance to between 100 and 110; this number conveniently filled the lecture theatre chosen and was judged to give the right balance between a group large enough to provide adequate representation of the various relevant fields, and yet small enough to ensure relatively intimate discussions. The Scientific Committee made a special effort to ascertain the names of people who were likely to make a useful contribution to the Sym-posium, by virtue of their past research in the field and thei r interest in the current problems. In a sense the Committeee was too successful in these en-

INTERNATIONAL UNlON OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 17

qum es, limited though they were, because many more suitable names were found than could be invited, making necessary a careful and difficult selection procedure. (The Committee is left with two strong impressions: ( 1) that there is scope for more international symposia per year in mechanics than are at present organized by IUTAM, and (2) that the usual processes of selection of participants for restricted symposia are not adequate). Participants came from 19 different countries, the largest contingents being from USA (28), UK (22), and USSR (9), and some participants made very long journeys from Australia, New Zealand and Japan. Contributions to the travel expenses of participants were made from a g rant given by IUT AM.

The scientific programme was ·divided into six sections, and each section began with an invited survey lecture which described the current state of knowledge. Contributed papers were allotted 15 or 30 minutes for presenta-tion, followed by discussion.

Arrangements for the division of time within each section were entrusted to a chairman. At the end of each section the chairman summarized the pro-ceedings, and then on the last half-day of the Symposium all six chairmen gave their impressions of the important new developments and of the outstanding unsolved problems. One-page abstracts of the 51 contributed papers were distributed to participants before the beginning of the meeting .

An account of the scientific developments reported at the Symposium is being published in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. This account contains information about the published papers in which the work presented by participants is described in full.

It is impossible to measure the success of an international meeting; but it may fai rly be claimed that most participants found the symposium to be an unusual scientific experience which enlarged thei r understanding, stimulated their imagination, and forged new international friendships.

Scientific Programme

Section 7. Hydraulic lttrbtrlent transport of particles Chairman: Professor F. A. Henderson (University of Newcastle, Australia). A. T. lppen (M. I. T. , USA): "Transport of solids by turbulent flow m

channels and conduits" (Survey Lecture). W . M. Sayre (Univ. of Iowa, USA): "An experimental investigation of

vertical mass transfer processes in turbulent open-channel flow". R. A. Bagnold (Imperial College, UK): "Turbulent r.ressure as the agency

maintaining the suspension of heavier solids in flow. Experimental determination of its existence".

18 REPORT 1969

M . Hino (Tokyo Inst. of Technology, Japan): structure and fric-tional coefficient of fluidfsolid mixture".

A. C. Bon apace (Fuel Res. Inst. Pretoria, S. Africa) : " Energy considerations on the hydraulic transport of particle systems in full suspension".

I. K. Hill (Canada): " Sediment transport at large values of Shields shear parameter ·· .

J. F. Kennedy Univ. of Iowa, USA): "Mean velocities and longitudinal dis-persion coefficients of particles and fluid in turbulent pipe flows of particle suspensions".

L. M. Brush (Princeton Univ., USA): ·• Accelerated particle motion with ap-plications to sediment suspensions".

G. V. Middleton (McMaster Univ., Canada): "Turbidity current experiments". G. F. Round (McMaster Univ., Canada): "Capsule pipeline research and

development in Canada".

Section 2. H ydra11lic transport -' mobile beds and bed forms Chairman: Professor J. F. Kennedy (University of Iowa, USA). . A. J. Reynolds (Brunei Univ., UK): "The development of a stream w1th an

erodible bed" (Survey Lecture). . . M . de Vries (Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Netherlands): "Determmatwn of

bed-load transport from two dimensional dispersion of fluorescent tracers released at a point source" . . . .

R. Fernandez Luque (Shell , Rijswijk, Netherlands): "Cond1t10ns for eroswn of a sand bed by turbulent flow".

T. Blench (.Univ. of Alberta, Canada): "Coordination in hydraul!cs". T . Maddock (US Gf7ological Survey, Tuscon, USA) : "The mdetermmate

hydraulics of all uvial channels" . . A. J . Raudkivi (Univ. of Auckland, N . Zealand): ''Entrainment of solid

granular particles by turbulent flow of water". . . . v. A. Vanoni (Calif. Inst. of Tech ., USA): "Entrainment of fme particles m

a turbulent boundary layer" . c. F. Nodin (T. U., Denmark): "Dimensionless spectra of sand waves". F. Engelund (T. U., Denmark): "On the formation of anti-dunes". . P. Peter (T. U. , Bratislava, Czechoslovakia): "The influence of expanswn and

grain shape on fluidization in natural geological conditions". . 0. F. Vasiliev (lost. of Hydrodynamics, Novosibirsk, USSR): "A hydraulic

consideration of the open-channel flow transporting sediment on a movable bed '' .

J. de Koning ( Amsterdamsche Ballast Maatschappij N. V. , therlands): "Field observations of the flow of sand-water m1xtures to

dredging operations" .


Section 3. Pneumatic transport and particle-inertia effects Chairman: Dr. H. K. Moffatt (University of Cambridge, UK).

19

P. R. Owen ( Imperial College, UK): " Pneumatic transport" (Survey Lecture) . V. W. Goldschmidt (Purdue Univ., USA) : "Turbulent diffusion of small

particles in a free jet". P. S. Kucera (lost. Air Engng., Prague, Czechoslovakia): "The erosion of

elbows during the pneumatic conveyance of solid materials and its reduc-tion by means of a screw insert".

W. Wuest (E. V. Gottingen, Germany): "The hypersonic flow of dusty gases around two-dimensional bodies".

B. Schmitt (T. U. Darmstadt, Germany): "Existence and uniquences of nor-mal shock waves in gas-particle mixtures".

P. P. Wegener (Yale Univ. , USA): "Dynamics of particle-vapor interaction in condensing supersonic flow ".

E. A. N epomnyaschchy (Lening rad, USSR): "Kinetic of mixing, separating, particles carrying away in polydispersive flows".

Section 4. Fl11idization of particles Chairman: Professor R. Jackson (Rice University, USA). K. Rietema (T. H. Eindhoven, Netherlands: "The dynamics of the fluidized

system" (Survey Lecture). 0 . Molerus (Univ. Erlangen, Nurnberg, Germany): "On the hydromechanics

of the bubbling fluidized bed". L. Massimilla (Univ. of N aples, Italy) : "Solid particle properties and dense

phase behaviour in gas-fluidized beds". J. M. Matsen (Esso, New Jersey, USA): "The significance of bed height m

slug flow fluidization" . R. Matsuno (Okayama Univ. , Japan) : "Gas interchange between a bubble and

continuous phase in gas-solid fluidized bed". K. 0stergaard (T. U., Denmark): "Expansion of gas-liquid fluidized beds".

Section 5. Non-turbulent s!tSpensions - motion of individual particles Chairman: Professor H. Brenner (Carnegie-Mellon University, USA). S. G. Mason (McGill Univ., Canada): "The micro-rheology of suspensions"

(Survey Lecture). · B. Gal-Or (Inst. Tech. Haifa, Israel) : "Viscous flow through drop, bubble, or

solid particle assemblages".

20 REPORT 1969

J. 0. Hinze (T. U . Delft, Netherlands): "The 'virtual added mass' of a discrete particle in an unsteady flow field".

P. P. Koryavov (Comp. Cent. Acad. Sci., USSR): "The transport of individual particles by the flow of viscous incompressible fluid".

R. S. Lee (Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, USA): "Particle migrations in laminar mixing of a suspension with a clean fluid".

F. C. McMichael (Mellon lnst., USA): "Sedimentation in inclined tubes and its application for the design of high-rate sedimentation devices".

J. L. Eichhorn (Strasbourg Univ., France): "A hydrodynamic study of groups of ordered and poly-dispersed particles in suspension".

Y. P. Gupalo (lnst. of Mech. Problems, Moscow, USSR): "The motion of solid particles in a screw extruder flow".

J. D. Goddard (Univ. of Michigan, USA): "Rheological effects of thermal fluctuations in dilute suspensions of deformable ellipsoids".

J. Litwiniszyn (P. A. N., Cracow, Poland): "On dilute liquid suspension flow in a porous medium".

Section 6. Rheology of S!IS{Jension.r Chairman: Professor R. S. Rivlin (Lehigh University, Bethlehem, USA). J. G. Oldroyd (Univ. of Liverpool, UK): "Continuum theories of rheological

behaviour for liquid-solid mixtures". (Survey Lecture). V. N. Nikolaevsky (Inst. Phys. Earth, Moscow, USSR): "On asymetrical ef-

fects in liquid-solid mixtures and in anisotropic turbulence". G. K. Batchelor (Univ. of Cambridge, UK): "The stress in a suspension of

nonspherical rigid particles in a pure straining motion". W. F. Hall (North Amer. Rockwell Corp., Calif., USA): "Viscosity of

magnetic suspensions". S. P. Sutera (Washington Univ. Miss., USA): "Variations of concentration

and apparent viscosity in concentrated suspensions of rigid particles in low Reynolds number tube flow".

R. B. Krone (Univ. California, Davis, USA): "Cohesive particle aggregate structures".

J. J. Benbow (I. C. I. Billingham, UK): "Screw extrusion of claylike ma-terials".

P. Naghdi (Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, USA): "On the basic equations of mixtures".

R. M. Bowen (Rice Univ., USA): "Constitutive theory for a fluid-solid mix-ture with phase transformations".

A review of the by the six Chairmen concluded the scientific programme.

G. K. Batchelor


2. JOINT IUTAMJIUPAP SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROHYDRODYNA-

MICS, MIT, Cambridge (USA), March 31 to April 2, 1969. Chairman: Sir Geoffrey Taylor, Farmfield, Huntingdon Road, Cam-

bridge (UK). 112 participants, 44 authors from 10 countries (Australia, Canada, Chile,

France, Germany, Korea, Puerto Rico, UK, USA, USSR).

Report: The Symposium on Electrohydrodynamics sponsored by the International

Unions of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and Pure and Applied Physics was convened at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mas-sachusetts, March 31-April 1, 2, 1969. Authors from eight countries presented 44 papers to an invited audience of 112.

The presentations illustrated the spectrum of scientific and engineering interests in the interactions of electric fields and moving fluids. Papers were grouped in seven sessions with the following titles: I. Steady Flows ; II. Bulk Stability and Dynamics; III. Interfacial Dynamics: Static and Steady-Flow Equilibria; IV. Interfacial Dynamics and Stability: Drops; V. Basic Formula-tion; VI. Generation and Other Applications; VII. Aerosol Charging and Dynamics.

A Proceedings of extended abstracts was assembled, witl:i expectation that the majority of authors would publish their papers in the formal literature. A review article on the Symposium is currently being considered for publication in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

The Symposium originated with the suggestion by G. I. Taylor that, by contrast with magnetohydrodynamics, the area of electrohydrodynamics had been little discussed in formal meetings and deserved attention. In fact, there seemed to be no precedent for a major meeting devoted to electrohydro-dynamics. The suggestion was g reeted with enthusiasm, setting into motion the organization of a symposium which was to be the first co-sponsored by IUT AM and IUPAP. The Organization and Scientific Committee consisted of: G. I. Taylor (Chairman), Cambridge, England; N. J. Felici, Grenoble-Gare, France; W. Fiszdon, Warsaw, Poland; C. D. Hendricks, Urbana, USA; G. A. Lyubimov, Moscow, USSR; ]. R. Melcher, (Secretary), Cambridge, Massachu-setts, USA; and A. Walz, Berlin, Germany. A detai led listing of paper titles, authors, and author addresses is given on page 22.

The first session wa.s opened by G. I. Taylor, who read a letter from W. T. Koiter, President of IUT AM, stating that " it is nowaday a well-recognized phenomenon that the development of science is often most manifest in domains which overlap". The " interdisciplinary character" of the sympo· sium was immediately apparent in the opening session. The first two papers

22 REPORT 1969

as seen from the traditions of physical and thermodynamiCs; the second two papers leaned heavily on work

to magnetohydrodynamics, while the last three topics were motivated by the traditional areas of transport phenomena. . Althoug h the sessions tended to proceed from the scientific to the engineer-mg aspects of electrohydrodynamics, each session was to some extent a mixture

Subjects of scientific interest included physiochemical hydrodynamics, liquid crystal dynamics, conduction in liquids, insulation in liquids and gases, and the fundamental aspects of macroscopic force densities. Subjects tending more toward applied included: boundary layer control, power and high

generatwn, heat transfer, liquid levitation, image processing, liquid spraymg, separation of biological particles, and dielectrophoretic liquid orienta-two.

emphasis was given to the "basic" aspects of electrohydrodynamics; :'bas te:• meanmg the quantitative description of observed phenomena. Follow-mg re.search .confronts a succession of continually more complic-ated mteractwns. Thts requtres that the simplest situations be understood at the outset, so that fi rm foundations can be established for delving into more complex o.nes. Thus, of the papers in the Symposium were based on relatively simple macroscopic models, hence related to a rather confined range of fluids. As must be the case for symposia in developing areas, discussions tended to emphasize the disparity bet\Veen these basic investigations and the realities of practical applications.

It was made clear that the challenge in electrohydrodynamic research is to make a guantitative and scientific approach to the interactions of electric fields and fluids play a significant role in the innovation of new technologies.

Scientific Programme I. Steady Flow.r. Chairman: 0 .. M. Stuetzer, Sandia Corporation, P. 0. Box 5800, Albuquerque,

New Mextco, 87 I l5 , USA. Osterle, ] . F. , "Thermodynamics and Electrohydrodynamics of the Flow of an

a Charged Capillary Tube", Dept. of Mechanical Engineer-mg. Carnegie-Mellon University, Schenley Park, Pittsburgh, Pa., 15213, USA.

Leiner, W., "Study of Zeta Potentials of NaCl Type Alkali Halides Dispersed m Cyclohexanone", of Physics and Chemistry of Grenzflachen, 676 l Marienthal, Grenzflachen, Germany.

Gogosov, V. V., Polyansky, V . A., Semyonova, I. P., and Yakubenko, A. E., " Investigation into Unidimensional Stationary Flows in Electrohydro-dynamics" (to be published, Izvestiya AN Mekhanika Zhidkost: i gaza, (Russ.), Institute of Mechanics, Moscow University, Michurin Ave. I , Moscow B-234, USSR. . ·


Polyansky, V. A., Gogosov, V. V ., I. P . ,and Yakubenko, A. E., Equations Transfer Coefficients in a Strong

Electnc Fteld , lnstttute of MechaniCs, Moscow University, Michurin Ave. 1, Moscow B-234, USSR.

Porter, J. E., and Poulter, R., "Pressure Drop Accompanying Isothermal Lammar Flow of a Dielectric Liquid Through an Annulus ", University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Merz Court, Claremont Rd., Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

Tobazeon, R. , "Convective Transfer of Electric Charges Injected in Liguid Study of Electric Fields by Electrooptic Kerr Effect", Laboratoire

D et de Physique du Metal, C.N.R.S., Cedex N o. 166, Grenoble-Gare, France.

Velkoff, H . R., "Electrostatically-Induced Secondary Flows in a Channel", Ohio State University, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, .Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.

II. Bulk Stabibty and Dynamics. Chairman: J. R. Melcher, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 31-141,

Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Helfrich, W., "Conduction-Induced Alignment of Nematic Crystals in Electric

Fields", RCA Laboratories, David Sarnoff Research Center, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA.

Atten, P., and Moreau, R., "Hydrodynamic Stability of an Insulating Dielectric Liquid f?uring Unipolar Injection " (to be published in C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris), Laboratoire .et de Physique du Metal, C.N.R.S., B. P. Cedex N o. 166, Grenoble-Gare, France.

Blackmon, J. B., and Catton, 1., "A Study of the Initiation of Electroconvec-tion", University of California at Los Angeles, Dept. of Engineering, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.

Gross, M. ]., "Circulation by Electric Fields in Insulating Liquids", University of Newcastle upon Tyne, School of Physics NE 1 7 RU, New-castle upon Tyne, England.

Schneider, J . M., and Watson, P. K., "Eiectroconvective Stability of Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Dielectric Liquids" , Xerox Corporation, Re-search Laboratory, Rochester, New York, 14603, USA.

Watson, P. K., and Schneider, J . M., "The Experimental Study of Electrocon-vective and Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Insulating Liquids", Xerox Corporation Research Laboratory, Rochester, N.Y., 14603, USA.

Seeker, P. E., and Essex, V ., "Charge Carrier Mobility Measurement in Dielec-tric Liquids and the Role of Induced Liquid Motion", University College of North Wales, School of Engineering, Bangor, Caerns, Wales.

Turnbull, R. ]., "Bulk Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities with Vertical Temper-ature Gradients" , Charged Particle Research Laboratory, University of Illinois D ept. of Electrical Engineering, Urbana, Ill. 61801, USA.

24 REPORT 1969

III. Interfacial Dynamics and Stability: Static and Steady-Flow Eqrti/ibria. Chairman: C. D. Hendricks, Charged Particle Research Laboratory, University

of Hlinois Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA. Taylor, G . I., "The Stability of a Fine Fluid Jet in a Longitudinal Field", (to

be published, Proc. Roy. Soc.), Farmfield, Huntington Road, Cambridge, England.

Michael, D. H., and O'Neill, M. E., "Electrohydrodynamic Instability of a Cylindrical Viscous Jet", Dept. of Mathematics, University College, Lon-don, England.

O'Neill, M. E., and Michael, D. H., "Electrohydrodynamic Instability in Plane Layers of Fluid", Dept. of Mathematics, University College, London, England.

Lee, C. 0., and Choi, H. Y., "Electrohydrodynamic Instability in Laminar Flow of a Thin Liquid Layer", Physics Department, Korean Military Academy, Seoul, Korea, and Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA, respectively ..

Kim, M. U., and Lee, C. 0., "Electrohydrodynamic Instability of Thin Liquid Layer in Uniform Shearing Motion Induced by a Traveling Potential Wave", Dept. of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, and Physics Dept., Korean Military Academy, Seoul, Korea, respectively.

Melcher, J. R., "Electrohydrodynamic Charge Relaxation and Interfacial Per-pendicular Field Instability", Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Rm. 31-141, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA.

Jolly, D. C., and Melcher, J. R., "Electroconvective Instability in a Fluid Layer" (to be published, Proc. Roy. Soc.), Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139.

IV. Interfacial Dynamics and Stability; Drops. Chairman: G. I. Taylor, Farmfield, Huntington Rd., Cambridge, England. Yeas, F., and Schaffer, M. J., "Stable Levitation of a Dielectric Liquid in a

Multiple Frequency Electric Field", Dept. of Physics, State Technical Uni-versity, Casilla 10233, Santiago, Chile.

Pohl, H. A., "Biological Dielectrophoresis: The Physical Separation of Live and Dead Cells", Dept. of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, USA.

Sample, S. B:, Raghupathy, B., and Hendricks, C. D., "Ne>rmal Modes of Oscil-lation of a Liquid Drop in an Electric Field", School of Electrical Engineer-ing, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA, (first two) and Dept. of Electrical Engineering, C.P.R.L., University of Hlinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Latham, J ., "The Disintegration and Electrification of Isolated Drops and Drop-Pairs Subjected to Electrical Forces", Physics Dept., University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, England.

' .

INTERN.(\TIONAL UNION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 25

Berg, T. G. 0., and Vaughn, U., "Stable and Unstable Charged Drops", T. G. 0. Berg, Inc., 2189 South Grand Ave., Santa Ana, California 92705, USA.

Brazier-Smith, P. R., "Numerical Computations of the Dynamics of the p is-integration of a Drop Situated in an Electrical Field" (in publication, Proc. Roy. Soc.), Physics Dept., University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology, Manchester, England.

Chincholle, L., and Coelho, R., "Rocket Effect and Electrokinetic Effects in Dielectric Liquids", Laboratoire de Genie Electrique, Faculte des Sciences de Paris, 33 Ave. du General-Leclerc, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.

Torza, S., and Mason, S. G., "Deformation and Burst of Liquid Drops in Electrical Fields", Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and McGill University, Dept. of Chemistry, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (respectively).

V. Basic Formulation. Chairman: R. E. Rosensweig, Ferrofluidics Corporation, 144 Middlesex Turn-

pike, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA. Penfield, P. A., and Haus, H. A., "Techniques for Finding Force Expressions

for Novel Media", Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA.

Haus, H. A., and Penfield, P. A., "Force in a Magnetic Fluid with Viscosity and Hystersis as an Example of the Principle of Virtual Power" , Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA.

VI. Generation and Other Applications. Chairman: J. G. Trump, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, High Voltage

Laboratory, Cambridge, Mass. 02139. Cheng, S. I., \'Aerospace Applications of Electro-aerodynamic Interactions",

Gas Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA .

Felici, N. ]., "Physical Background and Performance of a Supersonic Electro-aerodynamical High Voltage Generator", Laboratoire D'Electrostatique et de Physique du Metal, C.N.R.S., Bolte Postale No. 166, Grenoble-Gare, France.

Gourdine, M. C., "Preliminary Design of a 500 Megawatt Coal-Fired Electro-gasdynamic Power Plant" , Gourdine Systems, Inc., 219 Naylon Ave., Livingston, New Jersey, 07039, USA.

Marks, A. M., "Optimum Charged Aerosols for Power Conversion " , Marks Polarized Corporation, i 5 3-16 1Oth A venue, Whitestone, New York 11357, USA.

Hughes, J. F., and Seeker, P. E., " A Liquid-Filled High Voltage Electrostatic Generator", University College of North Wales, School of Engineering Science, Bangor, Caerns, Wales.

26 REPORT 1969

VII. Aerosol Charging and Dynamics. Chairman: N. J. Felici, Laboratoire D'E.lectrostatique et de Physique du Metal,

C.N.R.S., B. P. No. 166, Grenoble-Gare, France. Hendricks, C. D., and Crowley, J. M., "Electrohydrodynamic Processes in Elec-

tric Field Spraying of Liquids", Charged Particle Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801 , USA.

Berenbrinck, P., and Langbein, G. (presented by A. Walz) "Electrical Pheno-mena Connected with Fast Ejection of Fluids", in-Firma Dornier System, 779 Friedrichshafen, Posthafen 648, Germany.

Swatik, D. S., and Hendricks, C. D., "Production of intense Ion Beams by Electrohydrodynamic Spraying Techniques", Charged Particle Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Hoppel, W. A., and Gatman, S., "Instability Produced by Hyperelectrification of Cloud Droplets", Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C. 20390, USA.

Post-Deadline Papers. Cade R., "Double Layer Distortion and the Dorn Effect", Department of

Mathematics, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez, Porto Rico. Rho, 0., Lee, C. J., and Trefethen, L., "Effects of Radial Electrostatic Fields

on Natural Convection and Forced Convection Heat Transfer to Annuli", Mechanical Engineering Dept., Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, USA.

Pohl, H. A., "The Dielectrophoresis of Solids in Liquids - Normal and Anomalous", Dept. of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, USA.

Number of Participants by Country

Cotmtry No. of Participants U.S.A. . . ........................................ 23 Germany .... . . .. ........ . .......... . ........ . .. 2 USSR ............... . .................... ....... 1 England ...... ... ... .. . ......... ............ .. . . 6 France ........ ... .. . ... .. . ... ... .. . ... ... ... .. .. 5 Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Korea .. .......... ... ............... ............. 1 Chile ..... . ... . ... ... ......... ...... ... ...... .... 2 Canada .............. ..................... .. . ... . 1 Wales ............ ... ............ ... .. . .......... 1 Puerto Rico .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. . .. . . 1

44


3. JOINT COSPAR:JIAUJIUGGJIUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON THE DYNA-

MICS OF SATELLITES, Prague, Czechoslovakia, May 20 to May 24, 1969. Chairman: Dr. J. Kovalevsky, Bureau des Longitudes, 3 Rue Mazarine,

Paris 6, France. 70 participants, 47 authors from 10 countries (Czechoslovakia, France,

Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, UK, USA, USSR).

Report: The Symposium on the Dynamics of Satellites was held in Prague from

the 20th to 24th May 1969 at the same time as the 12th General Assembly of COSP AR. The Symposium was the third of a series started by IUT AM in 1962. The second Symposium was organized in 1965 under the joint sponsor-ship of IUT AM, COSP AR and IAU. This time the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) joined the three organizations in sponsoring the Symposium.

The aim of the Symposium was to consider the progress achieved in the interpretation of motion of artificial satellites and space probes. In more de-tail the aim was: 1) to study the dynamic influence of the forces acting on artificial satellites

and space probes, especially forces due to earth gravity, atmospheric fric-tion, moon gravity, radiation pressure, and to the masses of other planets,

2) to present the progress achieved on the analysis of satellite orbits in order to determine and separate the forces acting on the satellites as well as to determine the position of the stations of observaion,

3) to investigate the new fields of space research for which the methods have been developed and especially to study the motion of satel-lites about their centre of gravity. The Organizing Committeee consisted of the following members:

Yu. V. Batrakov (IAU), USSR A. H. Cook (IUGG) , UK D. G. King-Hele (COSPAR) J. Kovalevsky (chairman), F ranee J. Rosenberg, USA M. Roy (IUTAM), France.

The number of participants was about 70. The local organizing committee, which consisted of E. Buchar, V. Rajsky and L. Sehnal, had arranged simul-taneous interpretation in four languages (English, French, Russian and Cze-choslovakia).

The Symposium was opened by Professor M. Roy, president of COSPAR, vice-president of IUTAM. At the five sessions J. Kovalevsky, Yu. V. Batrakov, W. M. Kaula, M. Caputo and C. A. Lundquist successively were in the chair.

28 REPORT 1969

There were eight general lecturers invited by the Organizing Committee. The purpose of the general lectures was to review the recent progress in the field of mechanics of artificial satellites.

The scientific program also included 30 papers in more specialized fields . After the lectures, there were a number of fruitful discussions.

The proceedings of the Symposium containing the complete papers and the discussions will be edited by M. B. Morandu from Bureau des Longitudes (Paris) and will be published in 1970 by Springer-Verlag (Berlin-Heidelberg) in form similar to the proceedings from the two previous symposia.

Introduction: Prof. M. Roy. 1st Session

Scientific Programme

Chairman: J. Kovalevsky. - Reporter: L. Sehnal.

J. Kovalevsky

1. Morando, B.: Theory of the motion of an artificial satellite. (General lecture) .

2. Morrison, Foster: Advances in rapid orbit prediction and applications to satellite visibility studies. (General lecture).

3. Batrakov, Yu. V.: Determination of the most probable elements of the satellite orbit from incomplete systems of elements.

4. Sochilina, A. S.: On the influence of distribution of observations on the accuracy of orbital of artificial satellites.

5. Waltet·, H. G.: The use of ellipsoidal harmonics for the representation of the Geopotential.

6. Cherniack, f ., and Gaposchkin, E. M.: Literal algebra on a computer for ·satellite perturbation.

7. Morando, B., Chapront, J. , Bretagnon, P.: Perturbations du second ordre d'un satellite artificial de la Terre.

8. B11char, E.: A short study on the motion of artificial satellites of Venus and Mercury.

2nd Session Yv. V. Batrakov. - Reporter: G . Veis.

9. Michael William H., Jr.: Recent results on the Mass and the gravitational field of the Moon as determined from dynamics of Lunar satellites. (Ge-neral lecture).

10. Roy, A. E.: The use of Brown's lunar theory in Lunar satellite perturbations by Sun and Earth.

11. Melbourne, William G.: The determination of Planetary Masses from radio tracking of space probes and planetary radar. (General lecture).

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF TifEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 29

12. Von Bzm, Friedrich 0.: Precision trajectories of NASA's GEOS and OGO Spacecraft.

13. Kozai, Y.: Improved values for coefficients of zonal harmonics rn the Geopotential.

14. Gaposchkin, E. M .: Improved values for the tesseral harmonics of the Geopotential and station coordinates.

15. Bursa, Milan: On the determination of parameters of the Earth's Figure from satellite orbit dynamics.

3rd Session Chairman: M. Caputo. - Reporter: J. Rolff. 16. Martin, Chreston F.: Accuracy of satellite orbits obtainable by synchronous

satellite tracking. 17. Wagner, Carl A., and D ouglas, Bmce C.: Resonant satellite geodesy by

high speed analysis of mean kepler elements. 18. Lago, B.: Traitement des mesures laser en Geodesic dynamique. 19. Lynn, f. f.: Short arc optical survey of the American tracking

network. 20. Chassaitzg, f. P.: Traitement des mesures Doppler faites sur 01-C et Ol-D

en Geodesie semi-dynamique. 21. Lefebvre, M.: Comparaison de resultats en Geodesie geometrique et dyna-

mique a partir des mesures faites lors de Campagnes Diademe. 22. Lambeck, K.: Comparisons and combinations of geodetic parameters estim-

ated from Dynamic and Geometric satellite solutions and from Mariner flights.

23. Kattla, W. M.: Tidal potential with location dependent amplitude and Phase angle.

24. Schneider, M., and Reigber, Ch.: On the determination of field parameters using a generalized FOURIER-Analysis.

25. Fominov: Correlation between the solar activity indices and the use indices in the study of motion of the Earth satellites.

4th Session Chairman: W. M. Kaula. - Reporter: D . E. Smith. 26. Beletskii, V. V .: New investigations of motion of the Earth's artificial

satellite about its center of Mass. (General lecture) . 27. Vigneron, F. R.: Dynamics of spin-stabilized flexible satellites of crossed

dipole configuration. 28. King-Heie, D. G.: The upper atmosphere and its influence on satellite

orbits. (General lecture). 29. Elyasberg, P. E.: Utilization of the statistics on the changes of satellite

orbits for precision of some Geophysical Parameters.

30 REPORT 1969

30. A/mar, / ., Horvarth, A., and Illes, E.: Analysis of the atmospheric drag of the Echo-1 Satellite using the PERLO Orbital period · determination program.

31. King-Hele, D. G., and Scott, Diana W.: Comparison of air densities de-rived from the orbits of 1966-5 1 A, Band C.

5th Session Chairman: C. A. Lundquist. - Reporter: M. Schneider. 32. Sehnal, L.: Radiation Pressure effects. (General lecture) . 33. Sehnal, L.: Air drag and solar radiation pressure effects on close Earth

Satellites. 34. Rapaport, M., Roussemt, M.: Etude de perturbations subies par les satellites

artificiels a Haute Altitude. 35.l.Ala, P., and Sehnal, L.: The Earth's shadowing effects in the short -

Periodic perturbations of satellite orbits. 36. Smith, David E.: Earth-reflected radiation pressure. 3 7. Fea, K .: Terrestrial radiation pressure effects on the orpits of High Balloon

satellites. 38. Priat·, Edwin f.: Earth Albedo effects on the orbital variations of ECHO I

and P AGEOS I.


4. IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON INSTABILITY OF CONTINUOUS SYS-

TEMS, Karlsruhe, Germany, September 8 to September 12, 1969. Co-Chairmen: Profs. L. F. J . Broer (Netherlands) and H . Leipholz, Uni-

versitat Karlsruhe, 7 5 Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12 (Germany). 99 participants from 19 countries (Argentine, Austria, Canada, Denmark,

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Rumania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, USA, USSR).

Report: The Symposium was held at Herrenalb (Karlsruhe), Germany. The

Scientific Committee consisted of the following members: Prof. V. V. Bolotin (USSR) Prof. L. ]. F. Broer, Co-chairman (Netherlands) Prof. L. Contri (Italy) Prof. G. Herrmann (USA) Prof. M. D. Kruskal (USA) Prof. H. Leipholz, Co-chairman (Germany) Prof. R. Mazet (France) Prof. J. T. Stuart (UK) Prof. T. Tatsumi (Japan) The Symposium dealt with problems concerning the stability of continuous

systems, particular in the light of Liapunov's theory. The desirability of ar-ranging an international meeting on th is subject originated from the fact that the theory of stability - especially in the field of solid mechanics - has been in an intense process of development since about 1950.

Ever since the early investigations by H. Ziegler some twenty years ago, methods and concepts in this field have been subject to a profound critism and efforts have been made to extend the ideas and the procedure well-known in the theory of stability of dynamical systems with a finite degree of freedom to include corresponding problems in continuum mechanics. The efforts have led to a remarkably fruitful development, which eventually could yield a comprehensive theory of stability for the whole field of mechanics. The gain has been especially noticable in solid mechanics, where the development in stability had been stagnating.

Now, it was deemed desirable to take stock of the situation and to describe the development and this was successfully done during the Symposium. In the process, problems in solid as well as in fluid mechanics were included. The harmony in the representation in these two fields has greatly contributed to the knowledge of the common and unifying aspects of stability in all fields of mechanics. It is doublessly a cause of an awarding mutual inspiration.

As already stated, the principal aim of the Symposium was to show what results had been reached, and to what extend success had been achieved in bring ing the definitions and the criteria of Liapunov's theory, which originally

32 REPORT 1969

was developed for dynamical systems with a finite number of degree of free-dom, to cover continuous systems as well. This aim was accomplished, since this point of view was explicitly considered in various lectures, and now one may well state that the introduction of Liapunov's theory in continuum mechanics has been accomplished.

In all there were presented 8 general lectures of 50 minutes each, 26 or-dinary lectures of 30 minutes each, and 23 short lectures of 15 minutes each in which problems of stability of various kinds from all applied fields were treated. Also, fundamental mathematical and physical considerations as well as instructive reviews were represented. The discussions were lively, and in a roundtable-discussion lead by professor G. Herrmann (Evanston) an evaluation of the knowledge achieved and of the most fruitful fields for future research .was made.

There were 57 lecturers from 19 countries: Argentina . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Norway ........................ . 1 Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Poland .......................... . 1

2 Czechoslavakia ....... ..... .... . Rumania ....................... . Denmark ..................... . . . Sweden ............ . ..... . ...... . 1 France .......... . ......... .. ... .. 1 Switzerland .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 Germany ........ ..... . .. .. ..... . 5 Turkey .. ............... ... ....... 1 Hungary ....... .. .. .. ... . . ..... . 1 UK .............................. 7 Italy ........ .. ................... . 3 USA .. ........ ................... 22 Japan ........................... . 1 USSR .. .... ... ...... ..... . .. ..... 2 Netherlands ............ ...... .. 3

Furthermore, there were 42 participants from 12 countries Austria .. .... .... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. 1 Netherlands .. .... ... .. . .. .. .. .. 2 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . 4 Norway .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. 3 Czechoslovakia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Denmark . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . .. . .. . . 1 UK . . .. . .. . .. . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . . 4 France .. .... .. .. .... .. .... .. .. . .. 3 USA .. .. .. .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11 Germany .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9 USSR .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. 2

Scientific Pro gramme M onday, September 8: H . Leipholz, Application of Liapunov's Direct Method to Stability Problems of

Non-Conservative Continuous Systems. J. Anton, Frequency Domain Criteria for Stability of Systems Modeled by

Certain Partial Differential Equations. E. Reissner, On Post-Buckling Behaviour of Plates on an Elastic Foundation. P. Villaggio, Generalization of a Friedrich's Variational Principle for Non-

linear Systems. ·t

INTERNATIONAL UNION OP THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 33

A. Scarlat, L':Etude de Ia stabilite elastique et des constraintes du 11-eme ordre des structures par Ia methode des charges supplementaires.

E. Adams, Contributions to Hydrodynamics ( In) stability by the use of the Lemma of Nagumo and Westphal and other methods.

F. Busse, Stability Regions of Cellular Flow. H . G. M. Velthuizen, The Stability of Gravity Waves on the Surface of a

Flow w ith Nonuniform Velocity Distribution. R. D. DiPrima, A Nonlinear Investigation of the Stability of Flow between

Counter Rotating Cylinders. E. Palm, Non-linear Instability of Plane Couette Flow. E. H. Dowell, Aeroelastic Stability of Plates and Shells. S. T. Ariaratnam, Stability of Structures under Stokastic Disturbances. M. F. Beatty, A Theory of Elastic Stability for Perfectly Elastic Bodies with

Couple-Stresses. Ab. Boley, Instability of Bars with Stress-Dependent Properties.

T11esday, September 9: H . Ziegler, Trace Effects in Stability. C. S. Hsu, A Stability Study of Continuous Systems under Parametric Excita-

tion Via Liapunov's M ethod. K. Kodnar, Problems of Nonlinear Operators Used for Stability Analysis of

thin Shells and Plates. P. C. Parks, Some Applications of Liapunov's Functionals. I. Knets, The Effect of Initial Imperfections on the State of Equilibrium of

Elastic-Plastic Plates and Cylindrical Panels. D. D. Joseph, On the Place of Energy-Methods if1 a Global Theory of H ydro-

dynamic Stability. M. H . G radowczik, Interface between Fluids and G ranular Beds. N. ]. Zabusky, Jets, Wakes and Isotropic Turbulence of Two·Dimensional

Numerical Fluids. L. A. Segel, On the Effect of Sidewalls in Cellular Convection. H . Lange, Stabilitat von zellularen Verzweigungs!Osungen der Navier-Stokes-

schen Gleichungen. M. S. Berger, On Equi librium States and Periodic Vibrations of Thin Non-

linear Elastic Systems. G. Augusti , On Buckling and Instability of Inelastic Structures. T . A. Barta, A Contribution to a Nonlinear Engineering Shell-Theory. M . Dikmen, Stability of the Cosserat Surface.

W ednesday, ·September 10: W. Eckhaus, On the Stability of Periodic Solutions in Fluid Mechanics. M. Cotsaftis, On General Theorems of Stability. M. Slemrod, An Invariance Principle for Dynamical Systems in H ilbert Spaces. S. H. Davis, On the Possibility of Finite Amplitude Instabilities.

34 REPORT 1%9

P. K. C. Wang, Feedback Stabilization of Hydromagnetic Equilibria.

Th11rsday, September 11: G. Herrmann, Determinism and Uncertainty in Stability. R. J. Knops, Stability and Continuous Data Dependence in Elasticity. M. D. Kruskal, Existence, Uniqueness and Nonexistence of Polymial Conserva-

tion Laws for some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations. S. Nemat-Nasser, Thermoelastic Stability of a Finitely Deformed Solid under

Nonconservative Loads. J. Barta, Untersuchung der destabilisierenden Wirkung von zusatzlichen Be-

dingungen bei nichtkonservativen Stabilitatsproblemen. B. Stability Conditions of Rigid-Plastic Solids with Extension to

Visco-Plasticity. B. D. Coleman, On the Stability of Non-Linear Systems with Long-Range

Memory. A. C. Newell, Finite Bandwidth, Finite Amplitude Convection . R. F. Bergeron, Jr., A Class of Unsteady Nonlinear Waves in Parallel Flow. W. Nash, Stability of Motion of Circular Plates Subject to Dynamic Loadings. J . Christoffersen, On the Existence, Uniqueness and Stability of Solutions in

a Large-Deformation Theory of Elastic-Plastic Bodies. K. Neale, Buckling under Cycles of Plastic Deformation. M. Zyczkowski , Optimum Structural Design in Non-Conservative Problems of

Elastic Stability. F. Wille, Zur Stabilitat des Tragfliigels im Unterschallbereich. K. C. Johns, Coupled Modes of Buckling in some Continuous Systems. G. W. Hunt, Perturbation Patterns in Nonlinear Branching Theory. A. Petre, Non-Conservative effects produced by thrust of jet engine.

Friday. Septembet 12: V. V . Bolotin, Stability of the Viscoelastic Systems subjected to Non-con-

servative Forces. M. Lessen, Finite Amplitude Instability of Pipe Poisseuille Flow. T. Tatsumi, Nonlinear Instability of Free Flows. L. J. F. Broer, Linear Dynamical Systems in Hilbert Space. D. Bland, Stability of Constante Profil Solutions of Non-Linear Wave Equa-

tions, Particularly for Nearly Elastic Solids. M. Como, Theory of Elasto-Piastic Buckling of Structures. V. B. Venkayya, Buckling and Postbuckling Behavior of Initially Imperfect

Orthotropic Cylindrical Shells under Axial Compression and Internal Pressure.

The proceedings of this Symposium will be published by the Springer-Verlag. H. Leipholz.

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF TiiEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 35

5. Vlth JOINT IAUfiUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON COSMICAL GAS DY-

NAMICS: Dynamics of the Interstellar Medium and its Interaction with Stars, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, USSR, September 8 to September 19, 1969.

Co-Chairmen : Prof. S. B. Pikelner ( IAU) and Prof. L. I. Sedov, (IUTAM), Leninskie gori, MGY, Korp. N. kv. 84, Moscow B-234, USSR.

140 participants from 13 countries (Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, UK, USA, USSR).

Report: The Sixth Symposium on Cosmical Gas Dynamics, the fourth in the series

to deal w ith gas dynamics of the interstellar medium but the first on that subject since 1957, was held in Yalta, at the Sanatorium PARUS in Michkor, from 8-19 September 1969, under the joint sponsorship of the IAU and the IUT AM. The host was the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, whose Director is Prof. A. B. Severny, and whose branch at Simeis was the local administrative headquarters for the Symposium.

There were approximately 140 scientists who attended all or part of the sessions. Of these, 23 were from the Western Hemisphere, 26 from Europe besides the USSR, I from Australia, and some 90 from the USSR. Of these last, approximately 15 were young auditors. Participants were housed in a number of the local sanatoria; thus the living aspects were those of a vacation resort, while the working aspects could make a maximum use of the formally scheduled, and informal spontaneous sessions without a great deal of time spent in solving 'living' arrangements.

The scientific committee for the Symposium worked. under the joint chair-manship of Dr. A. B. Severny for the IAU and Dr. L. I. Sedov for the IUT AM; with Drs. S. B. Pikelner, F. D . Kahn, J.-P. Zahn, and R. N . Thomas from the IAU and Drs. H. F. Clauser, J. M. G iraud and M. J. Lighthill from the IUTAM.

As at the previous two symposia in the series, each of the problems chosen for study was introduced by a summary speaker, followed by lengthly and informal discussion. All sessions were recorded, the tapes transcribed verbatim, and the transcriptions given to the participants for on-the-spot editing. This work was done by Mrs. R. J. Low, Mrs. K. B. Gebbis, B. T. Lynds, H. Habing and Thomas. Dr. Habing will edit the proceedings from this material. Copies of the bound volume will be distributed to the participants and additional volumes produced for sale in accordance with the policies of the IAU and IUTAM.

The participants at the Symposium voted to dedicate the volume to Prof. ]. H. Oort on the occasion of his retirement as Director of the Leyden Ob-servatory and his 70th birthday, in grateful appreciation of his work with Prof: J. M . Burgers in starting and maintaining this series of Symposia.

36 REPORT 1969

The Scientific program of the symposium dealt with two questions: one general, one specific. The general question was the problem of the description of the interstellar medium: is a macroscopic aerodynamical description possible, treating the interstellar medium as a continuum extending throughout the galaxy; or must we treat the interstellar clouds as individual entities moving essentially in vacua; or do we need something more like a particle kinetic theory approach. Then, if the continuum approach is indeed justified, we ask the extent to which we can treat any phenomena realistically without including plasma and •hydromagnetical effects, and to what extent these latter effects may inqeed dominate. The specific question focused on the problem of mass-interchange between stars and interstellar medium.

Scientific Programme PART I: Problem of the Description of the Interstellar Medium: A. Summary of Symposia I-III: Present-day status of problems considered there.

Summary Speaker: H. C. van de Hulst. Chairman: R.N. Thomas.

B. Problem of the Description of the Interstellar Medium: Summary Speakers: Phenomenological Situation: H. Weaver. Theoretical Approach: G. B. Field. Chairman: B. F. Burke.

C. Considerations of a Generalized Plasma Turbulence and Its Interactions with High-Energy Particles. Summary Speakers: Plasma Turbulence: B. B. Kadomsev. Particle Interactions: V. N. Tsitovich. Chairman: S. A. Colgate.

D. Magnetic Fields in the Galaxy: Summary Speakers: Observational Situation: G. I. Verschuur. Theoretical considerations: E. N. Parker. Chairman: S. B. Pikelner.

PART II: Interaction of Stars and the Interstellar Medium: The Mass Balance: A. Overall Considerations on Mass Interchange:

Summary Speaker: mms by E. Salpeter presented by L. Mestel. Chairman: L. Davis.

B. Catastrophic Mass Ejection - Supernovae: Summary Speaker: L. Woltjer. Chairman: L. Davis.

Note: Because of the absence of the summary-speaker, topic A was consider-ably shortened; therefore, by exception to the general procedure of one topic - one day, sections A and B were presented on the same day. Section E was added at the Symposium and the summary speakers recruited without earlier warning to them.


C. Quasi- Stationary Mass Loss: Summary Speaker: Stars in General: S. R. Pottasch. Stellar Winds: R. Lust. Chairman: R. J. Weyman.

D. Non-Stationary Mass Summary Speaker: A. A. Boyarchuk. Chairman: S. A. Kaplan. .

37

E. The non-Gaseous Component of the Interstellar Medium: Summary Speakers: Molecules: T. P. Stecher. Particles: J. M. Greenberg. Chairman: H. C. van de Hulst.

F. Accretion Processes: Summary Speakers: General Accretion: E. A. Spiegel. Possible Proto-Stellar Configurations: P. Mezger. Chairman: I. S. Shklovsky.

CONCLUDING SESSION: General Impressions and Summaries: Speakers: A. Busemann, E. N. Parker, H. van Woerden. Chairman: R. N.

In a narrow sense, the symposium was not very successful in attracting a good representation of aerodynamicists. Of the IUT AM members of the or-ganizing committee, only one attended the symposium at all, and he only for part of the sessions. While a number of aerodynamicists came, they were generally new people; we lacked that continuity of people who had attended earlier symposia, and were reasonable familiar with the astronomical 'language'. I am at a loss to explain the ambivalence between the situation summarized and the strong pressure generated a few years ago by a number of young American aerodynamicists to make a separate 'cosmical gas dynamics' section to some aerodynamical - astronomical society.

In a broader sense, one of the most valuable results of the Symposium was the continuing, indeed enlarging, of the tradition to give a variety of different kinds of people the chance to get to know each other and their kind of work in a highly informal environment. When Burgers and Oort initiated this series of symposia, their aim was to bring together astronomers, who generally didn't know much gas dynamics, and aerodynamicists, who generally didn't know much astronomy - and generally they didn 't know each other.

While I regret that there were not quite so many aerodynamicists at Yalta as at earlier symposia, Severny, Pikelner and Sedov had an extraordinary success in attracting a large number of young people and plasma people who were extremely eager to apply their experience to a variety of astronomical problems. Indeed, in a light-hearted sense, one of our chief organizational problems was to try to hold within reasonable limits the number of informal sessions scheduled whose subjects ranged far beyond the immediate scope of the symposium.

38 REPORT 1%9

In terms of promise of a possible very significant advance in our basic understanding of the cloud structure of the interstellar medium and also its more general structure, I regard as outstanding the material presented by the Berkeley group through Harold Weaver, and similar material relayed from the Leyden and Maryland groups. This material gives us an enormously de-tailed [velocity, position, intensity] map over the galaxy, in the form of movies and contour diagrams. The material reminds me of the phenomenological in-vestigations in the early studies of laboratory turbulence and may well provide us with the same solid basis for a discussion of what we mean by interstellar clouds on that kind of an approach. The interpretation is considerably more complicated than in the laboratory case because of the non-laboratory situation. One has to unscramble excitation, composition and radiative transfer effects to get a geometrical picture. But here, as in the stellar atmosphere situation, we seem to be building up that body of data which will permit a phenomenological approach to clarifying what we mean by random motions and their relation to compressibility and excitation effects, thus their bearing on general structural problems.

The corresponding conceptual discussions of the description of the cloud structure left a feeling of not having come to grips with the problem. Mainly, the discussions centered on the two-phase alternative: These discussions center-ed on static configurations. If one believes the cloud structure represents a kinematic phenomenon, this static emphasis seems to by-pass an essential aspect. Questions of compressible turbulence, etc. were simply ignored. The_ <JUestion of a continuum vs some other description of the interstellar medium was ignored, the continuum description being taken as obvious.

Probably the most exciting aerodynamical development in galactic structure of recent years, Linn's theory on spiral arms, was not induded in the planned program - largely because of the symposium on spiral structure held just be-fore this one. In retrospect, we probably should have p lanned a more extensive summary and discussion of the bearing of this on the discussions at our sym-posium than that which came from Burke's impromptu and short summary. This is an organizational fault.

Another aspect in which the interstellar medium is an interesting aero-dynamical medium lies in its variable composition - either chemical or ex-citation state. This aspect was not stressed as much as it might have been in theoretical discussions; there were a number of aspects summarized from the observational side. Possibly one of the more important of these, in terms of discussions at preceeding symposia, was van de Hulst's summary of indications that the gas:dust ratio - taken as constant through the galaxy in most discus-sions - appears not to be the same in the densest dust douds as in less dense ones.

The summaries of what we know about mass-ejection, in either the quasi-static situations or the not-so-static situations, emphasized the rudimentary state

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF 11iEORE11CAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 39

of our knowledge. Empirical estimates are not significantly better now than ten years ago. The observational material bearing on the <juestion has increased many-fold; the big problem is how we interpret these observations. Even among the theoreticians, there was a tendency to confuse mass-loss possibly associated with a stellar wind with a mass-loss associated with earlier models not based at all on the physical picture underlying a stellar wind. The problem is completely t ied to the discussion of general aerodynamic phenomena in stellar atmospheres so that the two kinds of symposia held thus far in the series overlap in their concern with this problem. Currently, there are a number of efforts being made to improve the diagnostic problem; these were not discussed at this symposium, deliberately, as they belong more properly to the stellar atmosphere series. But again, this situation is an interesting one for the aerodynamics-astrophysics collaboration, as offering · a wealth of problems to be studied.

As in earlier symposia, the discussions of physical background were ex-tremely well done and most stimulating. At the present symposium, these dis-cussions revolved around plasma turbulence and hydromagnetic problems; and the summaries were excellent. Also, however, one had the feeling that attempts to make hydromagnetic models of some astronomical phenomenon were stretch-ed quite a bit - that one had a technique looking for an application rather than a great deal of insight into the astronomical problem and the boundary conditions to be satisfied. But overall, one could not but be impressed by the number of people working in various aspects of plasma physics who were trying very hard to apply this knowledge to astrophysics, to really clarify the problems there. Again, this promises interesting future developments.

Richard N. Thomas

40 REPORT 1969

Donations in 1969

At the 3rd General Assembly of IUTAM it has been decided to publish every year a list of persons and institutions who rendered support to JUT AM during the course of the past year. The Bureau is pleased to publish the fol-lowing list for the year 1969: .

The German Research Association provided generous financial support to defray all expenses of the office of the Treasurer of JUT AM in Freiburg i. Br.

The University of Cambridge (UK) generously provided financial support to the IUT AM Symposium on Flow of Fluid-Solid Mixtures.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, generously provided facilities and administrative services without charge for the "International Symposium on Electrohydrodynamics" , and Arthur D . Little, Inc. , Cambridge Massachusetts most generously sponsored a social hour prior to the Banquet.

Most generous funds were provided to carry local expenses for the " IUT AM Symposium on Instability of Continuous Systems" by the Bundes-ministerium fi.ir Wissenschaftlische Forschung and by the Kultusministerium des Landes Baden-Wi.irttemberg.

Generous support for the organization of the "VI Symposium on Cosmical Gas Dynamics" (Yalta, USSR) was received from the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, the Yalta Town Soviet, the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics of the University of Colorado, the U.S. National Bureau of Standards, and the U.S. Government.


APPENDICES

Summary Record of the Meeting of the Bureau of IUTAM

at Herrenalb on 12 September, 1969

41

The Bureau of IUTAM met at "Gemeindehaus", Herrenalb (Germany) , on 12 September 1969 at 10.00 hours. Pl'esent: M . Roy (Vice-President), H . Gortler (Treasurer), F. Niordson (Secretary), M. J. Lighthill, W. Olszak, L. I. Sedov (Members) , and G. K. Mikhailov (as guest). Specially invited: .Dr. G. Zimmermann (Only Item 1) and Prof. E. Becker (Only Item 6 (b)). A bsent: W . Koiter (President) and N. J. Hoff.

A genda The following agenda for the meeting was approved : .

1. Relations between IUt AM and the International Commission on AcoustiCs (ICA). .

2. Reports on the Symposia on Flow of Fluid Solid Mixtures (Cambndge, UK) and Electrohydrodynamics (Cambridge, USA) .

3. Report by the Treasurer on and a discussion of the financial situation. 4. Reports from Study G roups and a discussion of Symposia planned for

1970 and later. 5. Report by the Vice-President on relations with ICSU. 6. Cooperation with other organizations. 7. Discussion concerning a proposed affiliation of the "International Centre

for Heat and Mass Transfer" with IUTAM. 8. Discussion concerning a proposed affiliation of the "International Centre

for Mechanical Sciences" with IUTAM. 9. Date of the next meeting of the Bureau and the General Assembly.

10. Varia.

Proceedings of the Bttreau Prof. Roy, Vice-President of IUTAM, opened the Bureau meeting, welcoming the members and expressing the regret of all present, that the President, Prof. Koiter and that Prof. Hoff were unable to attend.

42 REPORT 1969

Item 1 - Relations between JUT AM and the International Commission on Acott.rtics ( ICA)

Dr. G. Zimmermann, who had acted as observer for IUTAM at the meeting of ICA in Rome this year, reported to the Bureau.

In the ensuing discussion concerning future relations between IUT AM and ICA it was appraised by the Bureau, that the work undertaken by ICA is of considerable interest to IUT AM and that therefore some link should be estab-lished between the Commission and IUT AM. The Bureau decided to accept an invitation of ICA to appoint a corresponding member on the Commission, nominating Prof. Lighthill. Also, it had been suggested by the -Commission that IUT AM provides a lecturer to hold one general lecture concerning inter-related topics at the meeting of ICA in Budapest 1971. Prof. Lighthill agreed to provide for this, either by giving the lecture himself, or otherwise, to find a proxy.

Finally, it was suggested that the Bureau should approach ICA and ask them to supply the of IUT AM_;.vith lists of future events.

Item 2 - Report.r on the Symposia on f'low af Fl!iid Solid Mixtures (Cam-. bridge, UK) and Electrohydrodynamics (Cambridge, USA)

Since the General Assembly at Stanford in August 1968 the following Sym-posia have been held, all in 1969: (I) IUTAM Symposium on Fluid-Solid Mixtures, Cambridge, UK, 24- 28 March, 1969 (Chairman: Prof. G. K. Batchelor, University of Cambridge, UK) . An account of the scientific developments reported at this Symposium is published in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. (2) (Joint IUTAMfiUPAP) The International Symposium on Electrohydro-dynamics, Cambridge, USA, 31 March - 2 April 1969 (Chairman: Prof. G . I. Taylor, Cambridge, UK). A collection of extended abstracts has been assemb-led and review article on the Symposium will be published in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. Reports on these two Symposia were distributed at the meeting and will be published in the annual report. (3) (Joint COSPARfiAUJIUGGJIUTAM) International Symposium on the Dynamics of Satellites, 11-23 May, 1969. The report on this Symposium has not yet been received.

Item 3 - Report by the Treamrer on and a dismssion of the financial sit11atio11

The report of the Treasurer was unanimously adopted. The Bureau discussed the financial situation carefully, considering the re-

solution adopted by the General Assembly in 1968, according to which the Bureau was authorized to decide in its meeting in 1969 whether the increase in subscription (from$ 70 to$ 100) should become effective in 1971 or 1972.


It was generally felt, that the planned activities of IUT AM would be endangered if the increase was postponed until 1972.

The Bureau therefore decided that the increase should become effective in 1971.

Item 4 - Reports from Study Groups and a diswssion of Symposia planned for 1970 and later A. Symposia already decided by the General Assembly

( 1) Second IUT AM Symposium on Creep in Structures, Gothenburg, Sweden, 17-21 August 1970 (Chairman: Prof. f. Odqvist, Sweden).

The Bttreau decided to allocate $ 5000 for this Symposium.

(2) IUT AM Symposium on High Speed Computing of Elastic Structures, Liege 1970. (Chairman: Prof. B. Fraeijs de Veubeke, .

Two possible dates were suggested by Prof. FraeiJS de Veubeke, 29 August-4 September or 5- 11 September. the Assembly IS going to be held in connection with this Symposmm and smce some of the General Assembly might wish to attend the Gothenburg Sympostum 1t would be a disadvantage to have two weeks between these meetings.

Thus the Bureau decided that the date of the Symposium should be 29 ' ' August-4 September 1970. . .

The Bureau furthermore decided to allocate $ 5000 for th1s Symposium.

(3) Joint IUTAMfiUGG Symposium on the Flow of Multiphase Fluids m Porous Media, Calgary, Canada, 11- 15 May 1971.

The Bttreau appointed the following members of the Scientific Committeee: Prof. G. Dagan (Israel) Prof. H. Rachford (USA) Prof. V. Nikolaevskii (USSR) The Bureau was informed, that IUGG had appointed the following

members to the scientific committee: Prof. Schoeller ( F ranee) Prof. D. K. Todd (USA) Prof. L. J. Tison (Belgium)

(4) IUTAM Symposium on Non-steady Flow of Water at High Speeds, Leningrad, USSR, 22- 26 June 1971. (Chairman: Prof. L. I. Sedov, USSR).

The Bureau will decide on allocation in 1970.

( 5) IUT AM Symposium on the Dynamics of Ionozed Gases, Tokyo, Japan, September 1971. (Chairman: Prof. M. J. Lighthill, UK).

The Bureau will decide on allocation in 1970.

44 REPORT 1969

B. Symposia, not yet decided upon by the General Assembly ( 1) Unsteady bound y layers

During its meeting at Stanford in 1968 the General Assembly appointed a Study Group consisting of

Prof. E. A. Eichelbrenner, Secretary (Canada) Dr. P. Bradshaw (UK) Prof. H. Gortler (Germany) Prof. L. G. Loitsianski (USSR) This group was asked to prepare a more detailed definition on the scope

of the Symposium. The Study Group has undertaken a thorough investigation, which clearly indicates the existence of a real and international interest in the subject and recommends that this symposium be sponsored by IUT AM. The Study Group recommends that the following list of subjects is treated: 1. Attached flows and duct flows under unsteady conditions 2. Separation and reattachment in two- and three-dimensional unsteady flows 3. Unsteady interaction between a shear layer and its boundaries 4. Buffeting and dynamic loads on bodies 5. Stability and transition under unsteady thermal or dynamical boundary

conditions 6. Unsteady flows in rotating systems 7. Acoustic streaming.

On the basis of the report of the Study Group the Bureau decided to propose, that IUT AM shall sponsor this Symposium.

The scientific committee should include Prof. E. A. Eichelbrenner, Chairman (Canada) Prof. F. Wille (Germany) Prof. P. Bnidshaw (UK) Prof. L. G. Loitsianski (USSR)

and two or th ree more members. (2) Control and Slability of Ships and Submarines

The General Assembly during its meeting at Stanford in 1968 had re-quested the British delegation, which originally had proposed this symposium, to submit a more detailed proposal to the Bureau and also to consider if such a symposium could be co-sponsored by an international organization active in the field.

The British National Committee had given further consideration to the proposal and after consulting the International Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) concluded that a symposium in this rather unconventional subject could be interesting and useful, and indicated that it would make any effort to ensure the success of such a symposium.

Also, the British National Committee had given thought to the field of the symposium, to a host institution, and to the composition of the scientific committee.


During the ensuing discussion it became apparent, that the members of the Bureau lacked sufficient information about the constitution of ITTC. The Bureau requested the Secretary-General to obtain this information and author-ized him to act on the basis of this information.

With regard to the title of the symposium, the British National Committee proposed to change this to "The directional stability and control of surface and underwater vehicles". This was discussed by the Bureau and it was recom-mended, that the title be changed to: "The directional stability and control of bodies moving in water".

Item 5 - Report by the Vice-President on relations with ICSU A circular had been received from ICSU, stating that "the Committee on

Admissions and Organization, having received a proposal from the Chairman of the French National Committee on Geodesy and Geophysics to consider the po_ssib_ility of a _Federation existing Unions and interested Special and

Committees becommg a scientific member of ICSU with an ap-propnate number of votes, resolved to request all Scientific Unions, and Com-mittees of ICSU to examine: i) whether they can or can not envisage such a federation in their own case, and ii) whether they are for or against such a reorganization in the case of those ICSU organisms which are interested in that idea, and to inform the Executive Secretary of their views".

Professor Roy gave his views on the background and implications of this proposal. The Bureau discussed this matter throughly and concluded, that IUT AM could not envisage such a federation in its own case for the time being. The Bureau also felt, that such a reorganization may weaken the ef-ficiency of ICSU and authorized Prof. Roy to pass on the views of the Bureau to ICSU verbally, or as he may seem f it.

Item 6 - Cooperation with other organizations (a) IUCST

The Inter-Union Commission on Science Teaching has been dissolved in its old form. Instead ICSU decided to establish a new Committee with similar terms of reference. Each Union wishing to participate shall contribute $ 200 annually to this Committee.

The Bureau was in favor of a participation in principle, but being informed that no such Committee was established as yet, decided to await an approach. If at a later stage IUT AM was to participate in IUCST, the Bureau would ask Prof. G. Temple to act as representative of IUTAM. (b) CODATA

Since the representative of IUTAM, Prof. Odqvist had been unable to attend the last meeting of CODATA, the Bureau had on Prof. Odqvist's re-commendation asked Prof. E. Becker to attend this meeting and report to the Bureau.

46 REPORT 1969

Prof. Becker reported at the Bureau meeting his reactions as to the interest and possible value of CODATA for IUTAM. Since CODATA is mainly concerned with so-called "hard" data ( i. e. d::ta for pure gases, pure metals, spectral data etc.) its activities could not be considered of primary interest to IUTAM. Therefore the Bureau would inform Prof. Odqvist that if he so wished, his duties could be confined to follow the activities of CODATA from

. their proceedings and report to the Bureau. The Secretary-General will see that Prof. Odqvist is supplied with the necessary material.

The Bureau expressed its gratefulness to Prof. Becker for his efforts. (c) IMCO

Prof. K. Wieghardt had reported to IUT AM on the second session of the "Joint ad hoc Group for the Study of External Forces Affecting Ships" in London 25-27 June 1969. The Bureau was grateful to Prof. Wieghardt for his valuable report and would be pleased if he continued to follow the work of the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) and report to the Bureau.

Item 7 - Discussion concerning a proposed affiliation of the "International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer" with JUT AM

Prof. Z. Zaric of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer had approached IUT AM asking whether it would be sensible to consider applying for affiliation.

The Bureau felt , that the Centre had scientific objectives closely related to the field of IUT AM and that an " affiliation" should be considered. Since the Statutes of IUT AM neither provide for nor exclude the possibility of "affilia-tion " a clear definition of the meaning of the word would be necessary.

The Bureau therefore resolved that a) Prof. Gortler and Prof. Olszak in cooperation prepare and submit to

the Bureau for approval a set of rules, clearly defining the duties and the rights of an affi liated body,

b) the rules (approved by the Bureau) be submitted to the General As-sembly for approval.

The question of affiliating the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer with IUT AM would be considered as soon as possible after having these rules. In the mean time the activities of the Centre will be followed with great interest.

Item 8 - Discussion concerning a proposed affiliation of the "International Centre fo r Mechanical Science" with JUT AM

Prof. L. Sobrero had approached IUT AM and proposed the affiliation of the International Centre for Mechanical Sciences (CISM) with IUTAM.

The Bureau appreciated, that the aims of this Centre were in line with those of IUT AM. The question of affiliation would be raised as soon as rules


for affiliated bodies, approved by the General Assembly, were in existence. In the mean time the Bureau will follow the activities of this Centre with great interest.

Item 9 - Date of the next meeting of the Bureau and the General Assembly The Bureau decided to hold its next meeting on 1 September 1970 at

Liege. The date for the General Assembly was finally set for 3 September 1970 at Liege.

Item 10 - Varia Prof. Olszak reported that due to his abscence from Poland during the

meeting of IFTOMM, he would not be able to act as observer of IUTAM on this occation. On Prof. Olszak's suggestion the Bureau appointed Prof. W. Nowacki as proxy. Prof. N owacki would kindly be asked to report to the Bureau.

The Secretary-General, having drafted a set of "Guidelines for Chairmen of Scientific Committees of IUT AM Symposia" reported on these, especially raising two points involving questions of policy.

One point concerned a recommendation about the "size", i. e. the number of active participants, of a IUT AM Symposium. The Bureau was in agreement with the proposal of the Secretary that the size of IUTAM-Symposia should be small, recommending about 60 active participants in all as a practical upper limit. This limitation could at least to some degree be counteracted by an in-crease in the number of Symposia.

The second point was initiated by Prof. G. K. Batchelor, who had reported that his Scientific Committee got the strong impression, that the usual processes of selecting participants for restricted symposia are not adequate.

The Bureau recognized, that this p roblem needs attention and requested the Secretary-General to pursue this matter further.

The meeting of the Bureau was closed at 13.00 hours.

48 REPORT 1969

Report on the second session of the 'Joint ad hoc Group' at London, 25-27 June 1969

Since the first meeting in April 1968, twelve relevant reports were written by members as basis for further discussion. The group welcomed the suggestion that the centralized cataloguing of sea data now collected by various private and public sources should be undertaken.

New measurements support previous conclusion about the angular, spread of wave energy as a function of frequency (e. g. greater spread for higher frequencies).

Two papers show how to obtain an average significant wave slope from the wave spectrum. . -

The problem of using visual wave observations for reconstructm? wave spectra was discussed extensively; special consideration should be g1ven to geographical conditions (e. g. limited fetch). A one parameter spectral formula-tion such as that proposed by the ITTC could provide useful data on ship behaviour for design purposes. Two parameter formulations (e. g. as that proposed by ISSC) can be used to vary the average wave period, fixing the period of the spectral peak equal to the observed average wave penod.

A large collection of some 527 wave records by Dr. Hogben should be analysed. The worst sea conditions measured in the North Sea showed a maximum wave height of 47 ft (March 1968).

Improved instructions for observing waves could be drafted; individual committee members will correspond with the WMO.

Information on wind profiles shall be summarized in a form useful for naval architects by two group members.

IMCO has been asked to give information about intact stability casualty records. By hindcasting the respective wave spectrum from the meteorological analysis it might be possible to obtain useful criteria for the capsizing of trawlers and other small ships.

The Sub-Committee on Subdivision and Stability will be asked to identify specific problems. Unless the right questions are asked the Group would dissipate its energy in the wrong direction.

The next meeting will be held in about one year's time. K. Wieghardt

Hamburg, June 8, 1969


STATUTES Statuts de I'Union lnternationale

de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee

PRtAMBULE Afin de contribuer plus efficacement au developpement de Ia science de Ia

Mecanique, le Comite International des Congres de Mecanique Appli<Juee avait decide, lors de sa reunion a Paris en septembre 1946, de fonder une organisation permanente portant le nom d' «Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee».

Cette Union a ete admise dans le Conseil International des Unions Scienti-fiques par decision du Comite Executif de ce Conseil en 1947.

Dans les reunions tenues a Londres en septembre 1948, il a ete decide que le Comite International continuera, en tant que corps independant de !'Union, a organiser, comme par le passe, les Congres lnternationaux de Mecanique Appliquee et que ce Comite aura le Statut d'une organisation adherente a !'Union.

Lors des reunions de Munich en aout-septembre 1964, il a ete decide que le Comite International pour les Congres de Mecanique Appliquee serait dis-sous comme un organisme distinct et possedant le statut d'organisation adherant a !'Union, et qu' il serait remplace par un Comite permanent pour les Congres Internationaux comme un organisme permanent et integre dans !'organisation -de ('Union sous le nom de « Comite pour les Congres lnternationaux ». 1

L'Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee a pour buts : a) De former un lien entre des personnes ct des organisations nationales ou

internationales s'occupant de recherches scientifiques (theoriques ou experi-mentales) dans le domaine de Ia mecanique ou des sciences conn exes.

b) D'organiser les Congres lnternationaux de Mecanique Theorique et Ap-pliquee par J'intermediaire du Comite permanent des Congres et d'organiser

1 Modification approuvee par I'Assemblee Generale du 2 septembrc 1964 a Munich et devenue effective a partir du 4 septembre 1964.

50 REPORT 1969

d'autres reunions internationales sur des sujets du domaine de Ia mecanique theorique et appliquee. 1

c) De prendre toutes autres initiatives propres a contribuer au developpement scientifique de Ia mecanique theorique ou appliquee.

II L'organe actif de !'Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique et Ap-

pliquee est son Assemblee Generale. L' Assemblee Generale a pouvoir de decision pour toutes les questions con-

cernant !'Union, y compris Ia modification des statuts. Elle peut deleguer ce pouvoir pour des sujets specifies a des organes appropries.

La composition de l'Assemblee Generale est reglee par !'article IV.

II A2 a) L'Assemblee Generale etablit un Comite permanent des Congd:s qui

est responsable pour !'organisation des Congres internationaux de mecanique theorique et appliquee a intervalles reguliers.

b) Le president de !'Union est aussi president du Comite des Congres. Les membres du Comite des Congres soot nommes par 1' Assemblee . Generale en tant <jue personnalites scientifiques activement engagees dans Ia mecanique theorique et appliquee sans etre necessairement membres de 1' Assemblee Gene-ral e.

c) Le Comite des Congres nomme un Secretaire, sans duree definie de fonc-tion.

d) Les regles de fonctionnement du Comite des Congres doivent etre ap-prouvees par 1' Assembh!e General e.

III Des organisations s' occupant d' etudes scientifiques dans le domaine de Ia

mecanique theorique ou appliquee ( ou des unions nationales de telles organi-sations) peuvent etre admises par I' Assemblee Generale comme organisations adherentes de J'Union Internationale.

Chaque organisation adherente aura des representants a 1' Assemblee Gene-rale de !'Union et paiera une souscription annuelle a !'Union, d'apres les indi-cations de !'article IX.

1 Modification approuvee par l'Assemblee Generate du 2 septembre 1964 a Munich et devenu effective a partir du 4 septembre 1964.

2 Addition approuvee par l'Assemblee Generale du 2 septembre 1964 a Munich et devenue effective a partir du 4 septembre 1964.


IV L'Assemblee Generale de !'Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique

et Appliquee est formee par: a) Les representants des organisations adherentes a !'Union. b) Les membres elus par l'Assemblee Generale de !'Union, qui doivent etre

des personnes s'occupant effectivement de recherches scientifiques dans le domaine de Ia mecanique ou des sciences connexes.

c) Si I' Assemblee Generale en decide ains i, des representants de Commis-sions de !'Union. l

Le nombre des membres elus de J' Assemblee Generale appartenant a une meme nationalite ne devra pas, en general, depasser cinq. Des exceptions pour-root etre faites seulement par decision de I' Assemblee General e.

La duree du mandat de chaque membre elu sera fixee par l'Assemblee Gene-rale au moment de son election.

L' Assemblee Generale veillera a ce <JUe soient representes de far;:on appro-priee les pays dans lesquels soot effectuees des recherches importantes de meca-nique theorique ou appliquee, mais dans lesquels n'existe pas encore d 'organi-sation nationale.

v Dans le cas ou il est necessaire d' effectuer un vote, chaque membre de I' As-

semblee Generale dispose d'une voix. Tout membre empeche d'assister a une reunion peut, par lettre adressee au Secretaire de !'Union, constituer comme son mandata ire un autre membre de I' Assemblee Generale.

Les decisions ordinaires et les elections soot faites a Ia majorite des votes exprimes. Pour toute modification des statuts, Ia majorite doit etre les 2/3 des voix.

Dans I' intervalle entre les reunions de I' Assemblee Generale, le vote peut a voir lieu par correspondance sur propositions faites par le Bureau (article VII) ; dans ce cas, une decision ne sera valable que si le nombre des personnes

_ participant au vote est au moins les 2/3 du nombre total des membres de 1' As-semblee Generale.

VI Les reunions de 1' Assemblee Generale auront lieu aux moments fixes· par

le Bureau ou sur demande de dix membres au moins de 1' Assemblee General e.

1 Generale du 2 septembre 1964 >i Munich a decide d'admettre comme Membre de l' Assemblee Generale un Representant du Co mite des Congres de IUTAM (voir article II A).

52 REPORT 1%9

VII Afin de maintenir son activite dans I' intervalle entre les reunions de 1' As-

semblee Generale, celle-ci nomme un Bureau compose : d'un president, du president sortant, vice-president, d'un secretaire, d'un tresorier, et de quatre autres membres de l'Assemblee Generale. Les membres du Bureau sont elus pour une periode de quatre ans au maxi-

mum et sont reeligibles. Les membres nouvellement elus entrent en fonction le 1 er novembre qui suit 1' Assemblee Generale qui les a elus.

Le Bureau doit se reunir au mains une fois par an. Tout membre du Bu-reau peut, en prevenant par lettre le secretaire, se faire remplacer par un autre membre de lAssemblee Generale, s' il lui est impossible de prendre part a une reunion.

Le role du secretaire est d'assurer les liaisons permanentes pour tout sujet interessant l'Union, y compris les relations avec les organisations adherentes ou etrangeres a l'Union.

Le siege legal de !'Union est la residence du secretaire. Le Bureau est autorise a nommer des tresoriers adjoints dans les pays ou

!'Union a un compte en banque. Les tresoriers ad joints doivent etre membres de 1' Assemblee Generale, mais

ne sont pas necessairement membres du bureau. ·

VIII Les moyens financiers de !'Union proviennent :

a) des souscriptions annuelles des organisations adherentes; b) des dons ou subventions.

L'Union etablit chaque annee une liste de bienfaiteurs, dans laquelle sont inscrits les noms des personnes ou des institutions qui ont accorde des dons, des legs ou autres subvention a l'Union.

Le Bureau de !'Union etablit un budget pour chaque annee et administre les finances. 11 doit soumettre un rapport financier annuel aux membres de 1' Assemblee Generale.

IX Le nombre de representants d'une organisation adherente et le montant de

la souscription annuelle a payer Nr cette organisation seront regles d'apres le bareme suivant sur proposition de !'organisation adherente et apres approbation de l'Assemblee Generale de !'Union.


Nombre de Unites de Categorie representants souscription annuelle 1

I 1 1 II 2 3

III 3 5 IV 4 8 v 5 12

Le montant d 'une unite de souscription annuelle sera de $ 70 1 USA, ou son equivalent en monnaie du pays a la date du paiement.

X Dans toutes ses decisions, 1' Assemblee Generale s' inspirera de la tradition

de cooperation scientifique libre et internationale qui s'est developpee dans les Congres lnternationaux de Mecanique appliquee.

XI Le present texte fera autorite pour !'interpretation a donner aux

statuts.

Resolution de I' Assemblee Generale de Pallanza (27 juin 1950)

En confirmation des opinions exprimees precedemment a I' Assemblee Ge-nerate de septembre 1948 au moment ou les presents statuts ont ete adoptes :

1. L' Assemblee Generale estime que, dans les pays ou il existe plus d 'une organisation nationale active dans le champ de la mecanique theorique et ap-pliquee, un comite special de coordination doit etre forme . En general, il est convenu de reconnaitre seulement une organisation adherente dans chaque pays.

2. L'Assemblee Generale estime que sa composition devra etre graduelle-ment modifiee de a ce qu' elle comprenne principalement les representants des organisations adherentes a !'Union, !a categorie des membres elus devant etre reservee pour des cas particuliers et exceptionnels. Dans ce but, elle donne avis de son intention de reduire le nombre des membres e!us lorsque, en 1952, ils serront arrives au terme de leur mandat.

1 Modification apportee a Ia suite du vote de l'Assemblee Generale de Stresa ( Italie), Jcr septembre 1960.

54 REPORT 1969

Regles de fonctionnement 1 du Comite des Congres de IUTAM (4 septembre 1964)

1. Le Comite des Congres se reunit au moins fois lors de chaque Congres.

2. Le Comite des Congres peut instituer un Comite Executif charge d 'entre-prendre toutes les actions necessaires de sa part pendant la periode qui s'ecoule entre deux Congres successifs, et de lui faire un rapport a sa prochaine reunion. Le Comite Executif comprendra le president et le secretaire du Comite des Congres et un ou plusieurs membres designes par le Comite des Congres.

3. L'organisation effective d 'un Congres est confiee a un Comite local d'Or-ganisation, elu par le pays ou !'organisation qui invite, et ce Comite est egale-ment responsable de Ia publication des Comptes Rendus du Congres. Le Co-mite d'Organisation fera son rapport au Comite des Congres soit au cours du Congres qu'il organise, soit avant, s'il le juge preferable.

4. Le Comite d'Organisation devra obtenir !'approbation du Comite des Congres (normalement par l'intermediaire du Comite Executif) pour toutes les affaires qui se rapportent a la politique generale du Comite des Congres, en particulier pour celles qui concernent:

4.1 le but du Congres; 4.2 Ia selection des communications pour le Congres; 4.3 le choix des lectures generales pour le Congres; 4.4 Ia designation des presidents de sessions du Congres.

5. Le Comite d'Organisation percevra, au nom de !'Union Internationale de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee, de tous les membres du Congres une contribution supplementaire ne devant pas depasser $ 1 pour couvrir les de-penses administratives, en plus de la contribution pour le Congres lui-meme. Les contributions supplementaires seront reversees a IUT AM immediatement apres le Congres.

Statutes of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

PREAMBLE In order to be more fully equipped to promote development of the science

of mechanics, the International Committee for the Congresses of Applied Me-

:1 Regles approuvees par l'Assemblee Genera le du 2 septembre 1964 a Munich et devenues effectives a partir du 4 septembre 1964.


chanics at its meeting at Paris in September 1946 decided to found a perma-nent organization, called "The International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics" .

This Union has been admitted into the International Council of Scientific Unions by decision of the Executive Committee of th is Council in 1947.

At the meetings at London in September 1948 it was decided that the Inter-national Committee would continue to organize the Congresses of Applied Me-chanics as an independent body as in the past, and that the International Com-mittee would have the status of an adhering organization of the Union.

At the meetings at Munich in August-September 1964 it was decided that the International Committee for the Congresses of Applied Mechanics would be dissolved as an independent body with the status of an adhering organization of the Union, and that it would be replaced by a standing Committee for Inter-national Congresses as an integral part of the organization of the Union.l

The objects of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Me-chanics are: a) To form a link between persons and national or international organizations

engaged in scientific work (theoretical or experimental) in mechanics or in related sciences;

b) To organize international congresses of theoretical and applied mechanics through a standing Congress Committee, and to organize other international meetings for subjects falling within the field of theoretical and applied mechanics 1;

c) To engage in other activities meant to promote development of mechanics, both theoretical and applied, as a branch of science.

II The active organ of the International U nion of Theoretical and Applied

Mechanics is its General Assembly. The General Assembly has power to decide all questions affecting the

Union, including alteration of the statutes. On a specified question it may delegate this power to appropriate bodies.

The comP-osition of the General Assembly is regulated in Article IV.

1 Modification approved by the General Assembly of September 2, 1964 in Munich and become effective from September 4, 1964.

56 REPORT 1969

II A 1

a) The General Assembly establishes a standing Congress Committee which is responsible for the organization of international congresses of theoretical and applied mechanics at regular intervals.

b) The president of the Union shall also serve as president of the Congress Committee. The members of the Congress Committee are appointed by the General Assembly as scientists active in theoretical and applied mechanics who need not be members of the General Assembly.

c) The Congress Committee appoints a secretary, without stated terms of office.

d) The rules of procedure of the Congress Committee shall be approved by the General Assembly.

III Organizations occupied in scientific work in theoretical or applied mechanics

(or national unions of such organizations) can be admitted by the General As-sembly as adhering organizations of the International Union.

Each adhering organization shall have representatives in the General As-sembly of the International Union, and pay an annual subscription to the Union in accordance with Article IX.

IV The General Assembly of the International Union of Theoretical and Ap-

plied Mechanics is composed of: a) Representatives of the organizations adhering to the Union; b) Members elected by the General Assembly of the Union, who shall be

persons actually engaged in scientific work in mechanics or in related sciences;

c) If so decided by the· General Assembly, representatives of Committees. 2

The number of elected members of the General Assembly of the same nationality in general should not exceed five. Exceptions can be made only by decision of the General Assembly. The term of each elected member shall be determinated by the General Assembly at the time of his election.

The General Assembly shall provide for adequate representation of countries where important research is carried out in theoretical or applied mechanics, but where a national organization does not yet exist.

1 Addition approved by the General Assembly of September 2, 1964 in l\lunich and become effective from September 4, 1964.

2 The General Assembly of September 2, 1964 in Munich has decided to admit as Member of the General Assembly a representative of the standing Congress Committee of IUTAM (see article If A).


v When voting is necessary every member of the General Assembly shall

dispose of one vote. Any member who may be unable to attend a meeting may by a letter to the secretary constitute another member of the General Assembly as his proxy. . . .

For ordinary decisions and for elections a s1mple maJonty of t.he. votes brought forward is required. For an alteration of the statutes the maJonty re-quired is 2/3 of the votes brought forward. . .

Between meetings of the General Assembly voting may be by correspondence upon proposals made by the Bureau (section m case decisions will be valid only provided the number of persons takmg part m the vote is not less than 2/3 of the total membership of the General Assembly.

VI Meetings of the General Assembly will take place at times decided by the

Bureau or on request of at least 10 members of the General Assembly.

VII In order to carry out work between the meetings of the General Assembly,

the latter appoints a Bureau, consisting of: A president, The retiring president, who shall serve as vice-president, A secretary, A treasurer, And four other members of the General Assembly. The members of the Bureau will be elected for a period of at most 4 years

and will be eligible for re-election. Newly elected members of the Bureau enter into office on the date of November 1st, following the General Assembly at which they have been elected. .

The Bureau will meet at least every year. A member of the Bureau who 1s prevented from attending a meeting may by a letter to the secretary designate another member of the General Assembly to replace him.

The function of the secretary will be to act as a permanent center for matters affecting the Union, including relations with adhering or outside or-ganizations. .

The legal domicile of the Union shall be the place where the secretary lives. The Bureau is authorized to appoint assistant-treasurers in those countries

where the Union has a bank account. The assistant-treasurers must be members of the General Assembly but need

not to be members of the Bureau.

58 REPORT 1969

VIII The financial means of the Union are formed by:

a) the annual subscriptions of the adhering organizations; b) gifts and grants.

The Union shall maintain a roll of benefactors on which shall be inscribed annually the names of those persons or institutions which have accorded gifts, legacies or other subventions to the Union.

The Bureau of the Union shall draft a budget for each coming year, and shall administrate the finances. The Bureau shall submit an annual financial report to the members of the General Assembly.

IX The number of representatives of an adhering organization and the amount

of the annual subscription to be paid by that organization will be regulated according to one of the following categories, as proposed by the adhering or-ganization and after approval of the General Assembly of the Union:

Number of Units of Category representatives annual subscription 1

I 1 1 II 2 3

III 3 5 IV 4 8 v 5 12

The amount of the unit annual subscription will be U . S.$ 70 1 or its equivalent in local currency at the date of payment.

X In all its decisions the General Assembly shall be guided by the tradition

of free international scientific cooperation which has been developed in the International Congresses for Applied Mechanics.

XI The French ·text of the statutes (of which the above is a translation) shall

be considered to be the authoritative text.

1 Modification introduced after the vote of the General Assembly in Stresa (Italy ) -September 1st, 1960.

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF 'ITIEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS

Resolution of the General Assembly at Pallanza (June 27, 1950)

59

In confirmation of the views already expressed at the General Assembly of September 1948 when the present statutes were framed:

1. The General Assembly expects that in those countries where more than one national organization is active in theoretical and applied mechanics, a na-tional coordinating committee will be formed. In general it is expected to re-cognize only one adhering body in each country;

2. The General Assembly believes that a gradual transition should be made in its composition, so that ultimately it will consist mainly of representatives of organizations adhering to the Union with the category of elected members reserved for exceptional and unusual cases. To this end it gives notices of its intention to reduce the number of elected members when the terms of the present elected members expire in 1952.

Rules of procedure 1 for the Congress Committee of IUTAM (September 4, 1964)

1. The Congress Committee meets at least once at every Congress.

2. The Congress Committee may appoint an Executive Committee to take all necessary actions on its behalf in the period between two successive Con-gresses, and to report to it at its next meeting. The Executive Committee will consist of the president, the secretary and one or more members appointed by the Congress Committee.

3. The actual organization of a Congress is delegated to a local Organizing Committee, elected by the host-country or host-organization, which is also responsible for publication of its Proceedings. The Organizing Committee will report to the Congress Committee either during or, if it sees fit, before the Congress which it organizes.

4. The Organizing Committee will obtain the approval of the Congress Committee (normally through the Executive Committee) with regard to all matters affecting the general policy of the Congress Committee, in particular with regard to:

4.1 the scope of the Congress; 4.2 the screening of papers for the Congress; 4.3 the selection of general lectures for the Congress; 4.4 the appointment of chairmen of sessions of the Cong ress.

1 Rules adopted by the General Assembly of September 2, 1964 in Munich and become effective from September 4, 1964.

60 REPORT 1969

5. The Organizing Committee will levy a fee not exceeding $ 1 on behalf of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, for ad-ministrative expenses, from all Congress members, in addition to the fee re-quired for the Congress itself. The additional fees will be paid over to IUT AM immediately after the Congress.

List of Publications

a) Annual Reports. Report 1948 Report 1949 Report 1950 Report 1951 Report 1952 Report 1953 Report Report 1957 Report 1958 Report 1959 Report 1960 Report 1961 Report 1962 Report 1963 Report 1964 Report 1965 Report 1966 Report 1967 Report 1968 Report 1969

b) Publications on Symposia, etc.:

no more available

available at the Secretariat

1. Problems of Cosmical Aerodynamics, Proceedings of the Symposium on the Motion of Gaseous Masses of Cosmical Dimensions held at Paris, France, August 16-19, 1949, organized by IUTAM and IAU. Published by: Central Air Documents Office, Army-Navy-Air-Force, UB Building, Dayton 2, Ohio, USA. Copies can be obtained from the Secretary, U.S. National Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Room 1101, 29 West 39th Street, New York 18, N.Y., USA, and from the secretariat of the Intern. Astrono-mical Union (address: University Observatory, 0ster Voldgade 3, Copen-hagen, Denmark).


2. Colloque international de Mecanique, Pallanza, Lago Maggiore, Italia, 23-24 juin 1950, organise par l'IUTAM. Publie par le Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma, Italia, dans " La Ricerca Scientifica"' annee 20, n° 12, pp. 1917-1942, dec. 1950.

3. Colloquium on Plastic Flow and Deformation within the Earth, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA, September 12- 14, 1950, organized by IUTAM and IUGG. Published by the American Geophysical Union in the " Transactions Amer-ican Geophysical Union", vol. 32, n° 4, pp. 497-543, 1951. A few copies can be obtained from the Secretary, American Geophysical Union, 1530, P. Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. (USA).

4. Colloque mr le.r Vibrations Non-Lineaires, tenu a !'ile de Porquerolles, Var, France, 18-2 1 septembre 1951, organise par l'IUT AM et l'URSI. Publications scientifiques, n° 281, Ministere de !'Air, 4, avenue de Ia Porte-d'Issy, Paris XVc (France), 1953.

5. Colloqtie Massau, tenu a Bruxelles, Belgique, les 25-29 avril 1952, organi-se p_ar le Comite Massau, avec le concours de l'IUT AM. Association des lnge!lieurs de Gand, rue de Ia Victoire, Bruxelles.

6. 2nd Symposium on Gas Dynamics of Interstellar Clouds, Cambridge (UK), 1953, in cooperation with IAU. "Gas Dynamics of Cosmic Clouds, edited by H. C. van de Hulst and J. M. Burgers (IAU Symposium series, n° 2), Amsterdam" . Published by North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam (Nether-lands), 1953.

7. Colloquium on Photoelasticity and Photoplasticity (Brussels, Belgium, 29-31 July 1954).

· Published by Imprimerie Dioncre, Chaussee de Boondael, 602-602a, Ixelles-Bruxelles (Belgique).

8. Colloqttittm on Fatigue (Stockholm, Sweden, 25-27 May 1955), organized by IUTAM. Published by Springer-Verlag,, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1956.

9. ColloquitJm on Deformation and Flow of Solids (Madrid, Spain, 26-30 September 195 5), organized by IUT AM. Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1956.

10. Third Symposittm on Cosmical Gas Dynamic.r (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 24-29 June 1957, in cooperation with IAU). Published by Reviews of Modern Physics, American Institute of Physics, 335 East 45th Street, New York 17, N.Y. (USA), 1958.

62 REPORT 1969

11. Symposium on Boundary Layer Research (Freiburg i. Br., Germany, 26-29 August 1957 ). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1958.

12. International Symposium on Atmospheric Diffusion and Air Pollution (Oxford, UK, 24-29 August 1958, in cooperation with IUGG). Published by Academic Press, Inc., Ill Fifth Ave., New York 3, N.Y. (USA), 1959.

13. Symposium on Non-Homogeneity in Elasticity and Plasticity (Warsaw, Po-land, 2- 9 September 1958), organized by IUTAM. Published by Pergamom Press, Ltd., 4 & 5 Fitzroy Square, London W 1 (UK), 1959.

14. Sympo.rimn on Fluid M echanics in the Ionosphere (Ithaca, N.Y., USA, 9-15 July 1959), organized by URSI in cooperation with IUTAM, IUGG and IAU. Published by the American Geophysical Union, 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W., Washington 5, D. C. (USA), in the "Journal of Geophysical Re-search", Vol. 64 (Dec. 1959), pp. 2037-2041.

15. Symposium on the Theory of Thin Elastic Shells (Delft, Netherlands, 24-28 August 1959), organized by IUTAM. Published by the North-Holland Publishing Company, N. Z. Voorburgwal 68, Amsterdam-C. (Netherlands), 1960.

16. International Sy171posium on Magnetohydrodynamics (Washington, D. C. -Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, 17- 23 January 1960). Published by Reviews of Modern Physics, American Institute of Physics, 335 East 45th Street, New York 17, N.Y. (USA).

17. Colloquium on Creep in Structures (Stanford, California, USA, 11-15 July 1960). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1962.

18. Fourth Symposimn on Cosmical Gas Dynamics (Varenna, Italy, 18-30 August 1960, in cooperation with IAU). Published by the Italian Physical Society, in the "Supplemento del Nuovo Cimento", Vol. 22 n. 1, 1961.

19. International Symposium on Fundamental Problems in Turb11/ence and their Relation with Geophysics (Marseille, France, 4-9 September 1961, in co-operation with IUGG). Vol. 67, n° 7A (American Geophysical Union, 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W., Washington 5, D. C., USA). Published in the "Journal of Geophysical Research", Vol. 67, N ° 8 (July 1962), pp. 3003-3235.


20. International Symposium on the Theory of Non-Linear Vibrations (Kiev, USSR, 12-18 September 1961). Published by the Publishing House of Academy of Sciences of the Ukra-inian SSR in Kiev (USSR).

21. International Symposium on Second Order Effects in Elasticity, PlasticitJ and Fluid Dynamics ( Ha"ifa, Israel, 21-27 April 1962). Published by Pergamon Press, Ltd, Jerusalem Academic Press, Ltd, Israel, 1964.

22 . Symposium sur Ia Dynamique des Satellites (Paris, France, 28-30 mai 1962). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1963.

23. Symposium on Gyrodynamics (Celerina, Switzerland, 20-23 August 1962). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1963.

24. Symposium T ranssonicum ( Aachen, Germany, 3-7 September 1962). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, W est Berlin (Germany), 1964.

25. Symposium on Stress W aves in A nelastic Solids (Providence, Rhode Is-lands, USA, 3-5 April 1963). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1964.

26. Symposirtm on Application.r of the T heory of Functions in Contintmm M echanics (Tbilisi, USSR, 17-23 September 1963). Proceedings edited by N. I. Muskhelishvili , L. I. Sedov, and G. K. Mikhai-lov and published under the title ··Applications of the Theory of Functions in Continuum Mechanics, Vol. 1 Mechanics of Solids, Vol. 2 Fluid and Gas Mechanics, Mathematical Methods " by "Nauka" Publishing House, Moscow (USSR) , 1965.

27. Symposi11m .rur Ia Rheologie et Ia Mecanique des Sols (Grenoble, France, l- 8 avril 1964). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1966.

28. Symposium on Conce-ntt·ated Vortex Motions in F/11ids ( Ann Arbor, M ichi-gan, USA, 6-ll July 1964).

brief_ account by D. Ki.ichemann of the problems discussed has been pub-ltshed 111 the ''Journal of Fluid Mechanics", Vol. 21, part 1, pp. 1-20 (1965) . The survey papers have been published in Vol. 7 of "Progress in Aeronautical Sciences", 1966.

64 REPORT 1969

29. Symposium on Recent Advances in Linear Vibration Mechanics (Paris, France, 13- 15 April 1965). Published in "Revue F de Mecanique" under the title "Recents Pro-gres de Ia Mecanique des Vibrations Lineaires", N° 13 (1965), pp. 3-58, N° 14 (1965), pp. 3-70, N° 15 (1965), pp. 3-105.

30. Joint JUT AM J /AU / COSPAR Symposium on the Trajectories of Artificial Celestial Bodies as Determined from Observation (Paris, France, 20-30 April 1965). Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany), 1966.

31. Vth Joint !AU I IUT AM Symposium on Cosmical Gas D ynamics (Nice, F ranee, 2-1 5 September 196 5). Published under the title" Aerodynamic Phenomena in Stellar Atmospheres" (IAU Symposium series, No. 28), editor R. N. Thomas. Academic Press, London and New York, 1967.

32. JUT AM Symposium on Rotating Fluid Systems (La Jolla, California, USA, 28 March-I April 1966). A Report on this Symposium has been published by F. P. Bretherton, G . . F. Carrier, and M. S. Longuet-Higgins under tht title "Report on the I.U.T.A.M. symposium on rotating fluid systems" in the "Journal of Fluid Mechanics", Vol. 26, part 2, pp. 393-410 (1966).

33. JUT AM Symposium on Irreversible Aspects of Continuum Mechanics Vienna, Austria, 22- 25 June 1966). JUT AM Symposium on the Transfer of Physical Characteristics in Moving Fluids (Vienna, Austria, 27-28 June 1966). The Proceedings of both Symposia, edited by H. Parkus and L. I. Sedov, have been published in one volume under the title "Irreversible Aspects of Continuum Mechanics - Transfer of Physical Characteristics in Moving Fluids" by Springer-Verlag, Vienna and New York, 1968.

34. Joint IUGG !IUT AM Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence In-cluding Geophysical Applications (Kyoto, Japan, 19- 24 September 1966). The Proceedings of the Symposium, edited by F. K. Bowden, F. N. Fren-kiel, and I. Tani have been published in "The Physics of Fluids, Supple-ment 1967", Vol. 10, 9, Part II, pp. 3- 321 (1967).

35. I UTA M Symposium on the Generalized Cosserat Continuum and the Contintmm Theory of Dislocations with Applications (Stuttgart and Freu-denstadt, Germany, 28 August-2 September 1967). The Proceedings of the Symposium, edited by E. Kroner, have been published by Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1968.

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF THEORETICAL AND APPUED MECHANICS 65

36. Second I UTA 111 Symposium on the Theory of Thin Shells (Copenhagen, Denmark, 5-9 September 1967). The Proceedings of the Symposium, edited by F. I. Niordson have been published by Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1969.

3 7. I UTA M Symposium on the Behaviour of Dense M edia under High Dynamic Presmres (Paris, France, 11- 15 September 1967). The Proceedings of the Symposium, edited by J. Berger, have been published by Dunod, Paris, 1968.

38. I UTA M Symposium on Thermoinelasticity (East Kilbride, Glasgow, UK, 26-28 June, 1968). The Proceedings, edited by B. A. Boley, is being published by Springer-Verlag, Vienna and New York.

39./ UTA M Symposium on High-Speed Computing in Fluid Dynamics (Monterey, Cal., USA, 18-24 August, 1968). The Proceedings, edited by F. N. Frenkiel and Keith Stewartson, have been published in the Journal "The Physics of Fluids", Supplement II, Volume 129, No. 12, Part II (1969).

40. I UTA M Symposium on the Flow of Flttid Solid Mixtrtres (University of Cambridge, UK, March 24-29, 1969). An account of the scientific developments reported at this Symposium is published in the "Journal of Fluid Mechanics", (1969), vol. 39, part 2, pp. 375-405.

41. Joint I UTA M I I UP A P Symposium on Electrohydrodynamics (MIT, Cambridge, USA, March 31-April 2, 1969). A collection of extended abstracts has been assembled and review article will be published in the "Journal of Fluid Mechanics".

42. I UTA M Symposium on Instability of Continuous Systems (Karlsruhe, Germany, September 8- 12, 1969). The Proceedings of the Symposium edited by S. F. J. Broer and H. Leipholz will be published by

43.Vlth Joint IA U JIUTAM Symposium on Cosrnical Gas Dynamics (Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, USSR, September 8-19, 1969). The Proceedings of the Symposium is being edited by Dr. Habing.

44. Joint COSPAR I !AU J IUGG J IUT AM Symposium on the D ynamics of Satellites (Prague, Czechoslovakia, May 20-24, 1969). The Proceedings of the Symposium edited by M. B. Morandu will be published by Springer-Verlag.

(Please note: .. The publications listed above, except the Annual Reports, are not avaJ!able at the I UTA M Secretariat. Please order directly from the publisher.)

66 REPORT 1969

c) Proceedings of the International Congresses for Applied Mechanics.

Untif September 4, 1964 the organization of the International Congresses for Applied Mechanics was supervised by the "International Committee for the Congresses of and for each Congress separately entrust-ed a local Organ!Zmg Committee undertaking also the publication of the Pro-ceedmgs. Consequently, there is no central point from which Proceedings can be ordered, and for each volume, application must be made to the publishers who took care of that particular volume.

Since Septem?er 4, 1964 the same task will be fulfilled by the Standing Congress Committee of IUT AM, and local Organizing Committees to be established.

The titles of the volumes and the names of the publishing firms are given below.

1st Congress, Delft (Netherlands), 22-26 April 1924. Proceedings of the First International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Delft 1924, edited by C. B. Biezeno and J.-M. Burgers (one vol.). Tech-nische Boekhandel en Drukkerij J. Waltman Jr., Delft, 1925. No more copies are available for sale at Delft.

2nd Congress, Ziirich (Switzerland), 12- 17 September 1926. Verhandlungen - Comptes rendus - Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Ziirich, 12- 17 September 1926, heraus-gegeben von E. Meissner (one vol.). Orell Fiissli Verlag, Zurich und Leipzig, 1927.

Jrd Congre.r.r, Stockholm (Sweden), 24-29 August 1930. Verhandlungen - Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress for Ap-plied Mechanics - Comptes rendu9', herausgegeben von A. C. W. Oseen und W. Weibull (.'>. vol.). AB. Sveriges Litografiska Tryckerier, Stockholm, 1931.

4th Congress, Cambridge (UK), 3- 9 July 1934. Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Cambridge, UK, July 3rd-9th, 1934 (one vol.). University Press, Cam-bridge (UK), 1935.

5th Congres.r, Cambridge (Massachusetts, USA), 12-16 September 1938. ' Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress for Applied Mechanics,

held at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, September 12- 16, 1938, edited by J. P. den Hartog and H. Peters (one vol.). John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Ne'Y York (USA), and Chapman and Hall Ltd, London (UK), 1939.


6th Congress, Paris (France), 22- 29 September 1946. Proceedings not published (was given in the hands of Gauthier-Villars, Paris).

7th Congress, London (UK), 5-11 September 1948. Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress for Applied Mechanics, 1948, published by the Organizing Committee (Introduction, Vol. I, Vol. II- Parts I and 2, Vol. III, Vol. IV). Copies can be obtained on application from the Secretary of the Congress Committee, Prof. W. T. Koiter, Mekelweg 2, Delft (Netherlands).

8th Congre.rs, Istanbul (Turkey), 20-28 August 195 2. Proceedings published by the Organizing Committee (Vol. I, Vol. II). Faculty of Sciences, University of Istanbul, P. 0. Box 245, Istanbul (Tur-key), 1953. Copies can be obtained on application from the Secretary of the Congress Committee, Prof. W. T. Koiter, Mekelweg 2, Delft (Netherlands).

9th Congress, Brussels (Belgium), 5-13 September 1956. Proceedings published by the Organizing Committee (Vol. I to Vol. VIII). Free University of Brussels, 50, avenue Franklin-Roosevelt, Brussels ( Bel-gium), 1957.

JOthCongress, Stresa (Italy), 31 August-7 September 1960. Proceedings published by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazelle delle Science 7, Roma (Italia), printed by Elzevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam- New York, 1962.

1 IthCongress, Munich (Germany), 30 August-5 September 1964. Proceedings edited by H. Gortler and published by Springer-Verlag, Hei-delberger Platz 3, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, West Berlin (Germany) , 1966.

12th Congress, Stanford, Cal. (USA) , 26-31 August 1968. The Proceedings, edited by M. Hetenyi and W. G. Vincenti, have been published by Springer-Verlag, Berlin (Germany), 1969.

68 REPORT 1969

List of Addresses Ackeret, Prof. J., Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule, Sonneggstrasse 3,

8006 Zi.irich, Switzerland . Baines, Prof. W. D., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto,

Toronto 181, Ontario, Canada. Batchelor, Prof. G. K ., Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics,

University of Cambridge, Silver Street, Cambridge, UK. Becker, Prof. E., Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, 61 Darmstadt, Germany. Berndt, Prof. S., The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 70, Sweden. Bhatnagar, Prof. P. L. , Ind ian National Committeee of IUTAM, Rajastan

University, Jaipur, India. Bishop, Prof. R. E. D., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University College

London, Gower Street, London WC I , UK. Boley, Prof. B. A., Columbia University, New York, N . Y. 10027, USA. Brankov, Prof. G., Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, ul. "7 noemvri" I,

BG Sofia, Bulgaria. Buckens, Prof. F., 3, av. des Hetres, Heverle-Louvain, Belgium. Burgers, Prof. J. M., Institute for Fluid Dynamics, University of Maryland,

College Park, Maryland 20742, USA . Calvo, Sr. R., Presidente del INT A, Calle Serrano 43, Madrid, Spain. Caquot, Prof. A., I . rue Beethoven, Paris XVfc, France. Carafolie, Prof. E., Institut de Mecanique Appliquee, 15. rue Const. Mille,

Bucarest, Rumania. Carrier, Prof. G. F., 311 Pierce Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

02138, USA. Cernuschi, Dr. F., Physics Department, University of Buenos Aires, Paseo

Colon 85 0, Bunos Aires, Argentine. Crocco, Prof. G. A., Via Alessandro Torlonia 25, Roma, Italy. Dolapchiev, Prof. B., 36 Tzar Krum Str., Sofia, Bulgaria. Drucker, Prof. D . C, College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana,

Ill. 61801, USA. Dubuc, Dr. J ., Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal 26, Quebec, Canada. van Eepoel, Prof. P., 23. Avenue de Ia Foret, Bruxelles 5, Belgium. Finzi, Prof. B., Via Bonardi 3, Milano, Italy. Frenkiel, Dr. F. N., Navy Applied Mathematics Lab. , David Taylor Model

Basin, Washington D. C 20007, USA. Gauthier, Prof. L., 14, rue du Lycee, Sceaiex (92), France. Germain, Dr. P., 3, Avenue de Champaubert, Paris XVc, France. Goldstein, Prof. S., Pierce Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 02138,

USA. Gortler, Prof. H ., 78 Freiburg i Br., Hebelstrasse 40, Germany. Haus, Prof. F., 99 rue du Colonel Chaltin, Bruxelles 18, Belgium.


Hinze, Prof. J. 0., Rotterdamsweg 145, Delft, Netherlands_ Hoff, Prof. N. J., Dept. of Aeronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, Cali-

fornia 94305, USA. Ilyuschin, Prof. A. A., Dept. of Mechanics and Mathematics, University of

Moscow, Moscow B-234, USSR. Imai, Prof. L, Dept. of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku,

Tokyo, Japan. Jerie, Dr. J., Komornicka 27, Praha 6, CSSR. Koiter, Prof. W. T., Technische Hogeschool Delft, Mekelweg 2, Delft,

Holland. Kozesnik, Mr. J ., Bureau of the President of the Czechoslovak Academy of

Sciences, Narodni tr. 3, Praha 1, CSSR. Ku, Prof. Y. H., University of Pennsylvania, 200 S 33rd Street, Philadelphia 4,

Penn. 19104, USA. Kuhelj, Prof. A., Institute of Mechanics, Lepi Pot 13, Ljubljana, Yogoslavia. Ki.ichemann, Dr. D ., ;\eronautical Department, Royal Aircraft Establishment,

Farnborough, Hants, UK. Lee, Prof. E. H., Dept. of Applied Mechanics, Stanford University, Stanford,

California 94305, USA. Legendre, Dr. R., 17, rue Massenet, Paris XVI•, France. . . Lighthill, Prof. M. J., Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theorettcal Phystcs,

The University of Cambridge, Silver Street, Cambridge, UK. Lunc, Prof. M., Palac Kultury i Nauki, Warszawa, Pol and. Mettler, Prof. E., 75 Karlsruhe-Durlach, Geigersbergstrasse 12, Germany. Muskhelishvili, Prof. N. L, Georgian Academy of Sciences, ul. Dzerjinskii 8,

Tbilisi, USSR. Nikolski i, Prof. A. A., Computing Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences,

ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow B-333 , USSR. Niordson, Prof. F. L, Dept. of Solid Mechanics, Technical University of

· Denmark, Building 404, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Nowacki, Prof. W., Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Palac Kultury

i Nauki, Poland. Odqvist, Prof. F. K. G., Torstenssonsvagen 7 D, S-18264 Dj ursholm, Sweden. Olszak, Prof. W., Int. Centre for Mechanical Sciences, Udine, Palazzo del

Torso, Italy. Palm, Prof. E., University of Oslo, Blindern , Oslo 3, Norway. Parkus, Prof. H ., Technische Hochschule Wien, Karlplatz 13, A-1040 Wien,

Austria. de Pater, Prof. C, T. H. T. Postbox 217, Enschede, Netherlands. Perez-Marin, Sr. A., Director General del INT A, Calle Serrano 43, Madrid,

_Spain. Radok, Prof. J. R. M., Australian Academy of Science, Gordon Street, Canberra

City, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

70 REPORT !969

Reiner, Prof. M. , Technion, Haifa, P. 0. Box 49 10, Israel. Rimrott, Dr. F. P. J., University of Toronto, Toronto 5, Ontario, Canada. Rocha, Dr. M., Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil , Av. de Brasil,

Lisboa, Portugal. Rott, Prof. N .. Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule, Soneggstrasse 3, 8006

Zi.irich, Switzerland. Roy, Prof. M., 55. Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris VIIIc, France. Rubinowicz, Prof. W., Hoza 74/4, Warszawa, Poland. Salyi, Prof. 1., Technical University of Miskolc, Miskolc, Hungaria. Savic, Dr. P. , National Research Council , Ottawa 7, Ontario, Canada. Sedov, Prof. L. I., University of Moscow, Zone U, app. 84, Moscow B-234,

USSR. Sokolovskii, Prof. V . V., Institute of Mechanics of the USSR, Academy of

Sciences, Leningradskii prospekt 7, Moscow A-40, USSR. Solberg, Prof. H., Oslo University, Blindern, Norway. Southwell, Sir, R. V., Imperial College, The Old Hous!=, Trumpington, Cam-

bridge, UK. Stenij , Prof. S. E., The Institute of Technology, Kulosaarentie 28, Helsinki,

.Finland. Tani, Prof. I., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Nohon Univerrsity, Kanda-

Serugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Taylor, Sir G., Farmfield, H untingdon Road, Cambridge, UK. Temple, Prof. G., 341 Woodstock .Rd. , Oxford, England. Terzioglu, Prof. N., The Turkish Society for Pure and Applied Mathematics,

Fen Fakultesi, Istanbul, Turkey. Timoshenko, Prof. S. P., 56 Wuppertai-E, Bocklinstrasse 35, Germany. Valluri, Dr. S. R., National Aeronautical Laboratory, Rangalore-1 7, India. Weibull, Prof. W ., Bockamollan, Brosarps Station, Sweden. Yoshiki, Prof. M ., Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, 1-1 Kanda-

Hototsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Z iegler, Prof. H. , Weiherweg 6, 8803 Ruschlikon, Switzerland.