Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study

7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study

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ContentsIntroduction 4

About the Case Studies 5

Lessons 6

Spatial policies for renewable energy 8

Criteria-based policies for renewable energy 12

Spatial policies for Low Carbon Heat 13

Evidence base 16

Consultation and testing at Examination 18

Conclusions and lessons 19

This case study was prepared for PAS by BPP Consulting.

July 2013


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Paragraph 97 of the NPPF advises that to help

increase the use and supply of renewable and low

carbon energy local planning authorities should

consider identifying suitable areas for renewable

and low carbon energy sources, and supporting

infrastructure, where this would help secure the

development of such sources. The footnote to the

policy makes it clear that where plans identify areas

as suitable for renewable and low-carbon energy

development, they should set out what criteria have

determined their selection, including for what size

of development the areas are considered suitable.

Authorities should also have policies to ensure any

adverse impacts are addressed satisfactorily.

Identifying suitable areas for such developments

implies a degree of spatial specicity in plans,

through mapping or describing broad or specic

locations where opportunities may exist and where

development might be most appropriate and

encouraged.

The case studies illustrate how some planning

authorities with recently adopted or emerging

plans are taking a spatial approach to policies

on renewable energy. Spatial identication of

opportunities is most common for district heating

and combined heating and cooling but there are a

few examples of for freestanding renewable energy

developments, such as wind turbines.

It is early days in terms of implementation. The

policies are fairly new, so the authorities haven't yet

seen how they are working out in practice.

However, the case studies do illustrate that some of

the fundamentals of good plan-making apply to this

area of planning, like any other:

policies need to be supported by a robust

evidence base that has been used exibly

according to local circumstances

consult widely and early on the evidence base

and resultant polices to avoid surprises and

reduce risks of challenge.

consider whether separate policies are

required reecting different components of

carbon reduction (energy efciency, district

heating, renewable energy development) and

the different types of developer and possible

delivery mechanisms

ensure policies are exible to reect viability,

costs and constraints, and robust to changes in

technology and economic circumstances.

Introduction

Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 4


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About the Case Studies

The case studies are drawn from urban and rural,

metropolitan and two tier planning authorities.

These authorities have recently adopted plans or

have plans at an advanced stage of preparation

with explicit spatial policies and/or supporting

text that identies suitable areas for renewable

and low carbon energy sources and supporting

infrastructure. Spatial policies are set within wider

policies on the delivery of renewable energy as

summarised below.

We looked at how these authorities are approaching

the issues:

Bristol City Council

Darlington Borough Council

Hastings Borough Council

Richmondshire District Council

South Staffordshire Council

Manchester City Council

Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council

For further details on these councils and their plans,

see Appendix A.



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Lessons


Based on the experiences of the authorities featured

here the following lessons can be highlighted. In

general though, the same principles which apply to

good plan-making overall also apply to this area of

policy making:

Prepare a robust evidence base

use of external independent expertise is

important in developing a robust evidence base

with the expertise used to support the planning

authority at examination

collaboration with other authorities in preparing

the evidence base helps consideration of a wider

geographic area strategically (and identifying

where realistic opportunities may be) and also

brings economies of scale

be prepared to adapt how you use evidence to

inform and defend policy in the light of feedback

from consultation if necessary.

Avoid misinterpreting information

an Energy Opportunities Map or similar can be

used to provide a spatial steer to developers and

form the basis for dialogue. It should not imply

development will necessarily be permitted in

identied areas or will not be permitted outside

of these

it may be helpful to use consultants that have

developed the evidence base (renewable

and low carbon capacity, constraints and

opportunities) to advise on framing of policies to

ensure accurate interpretation of information.

Achieve a balance between specicity and exibility

ensure policies are exible to reect viability,

costs and constraints, and be robust to changes

in technology and economic circumstances

combine identication of opportunities and

priorities spatially with criteria in policies against

which proposals can be considered to address

potential impacts and constraints

consider use of landscape character

assessments and sensitivity assessments

to help assess its capacity to accommodate

renewable energy installations and consider

proposals

apply policies in a pragmatic way, ensuring

viability of developments is maintained while

reducing carbon emissions. Be clear about

delivery mechanisms

be clear who the audience is for different policies

or components of policies (energy efciency,

carbon savings, district heating, renewable

energy development)


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and consider framing policies to reect this

consider preparing additional guidance to assist

interpretation and implementation of complex

policies, for example for energy and carbon

standards exceeding Building Regulations

masterplanning presents an opportunity to

design-in renewable and low carbon energy,

including district heating infrastructure, to

developments at an early stage.

Understand and explain the links between policy

objectives

climate change mitigation policies (e.g. district

heating, and renewable energy development)

have different audiences and delivery

mechanisms but are all necessary to promote

the common objective of reducing greenhouse

gas emissions.

Ensure you engage parties early on

getting buy-in from developers, development

management, senior management, and

politicians at an early stage, and where possible

ongoing training, is essential so that the

evidence base and policies are understood and

implemented as intended.



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Spatial policies have been produced which apply to

free-standing renewable energy installations (which

include wind turbines and wind farms, but could also

apply to hydro power, and large solar photovoltaic

arrays, biomass-red plants including combined

heat and power plants). The approaches to spatial

policy for renewables vary and include:

Identication of areas with potential for

renewable (generally wind) energy development

on a map associated with the policy

description in policy of broad or specic

locations suitable for renewable or low carbon

energy development

eference in policy and/or supporting text to areas

identied as suitable for renewable energy in the

supporting evidence base

reference in the supporting text to areas of

opportunity identied in the evidence base

(energy studies).

Hastings Core Strategy Policy

SC6provides support for renewable energy

facilities that meet criteria in the policy including

scale and cumulative impact on landscape and

built environment, impact on community, economy,

biodiversity and historic interests, and on areas

covered by national landscape or heritage

designations. The supporting text refers to the

evidence base (Hastings Renewable and Low

Carbon Energy Study, 2009) which identied

potential for wind energy in two locations at Combe

Valley Countryside Park (within both the Hastings

and Rother areas) and at Hastings Country Park

which are identied on the Key Diagram along with

the locations with potential for low carbon heat.

This potential is further being explored through

the allocation of one potential site for harnessing

wind (SiteFB12) in the emerging Development

Management Plan (Proposed Submission January

2013).

Positive policies supporting renewable

energy development and identifying areas

of potential are necessary to help achieve

objectives and targets for reducing carbon

emissions including offsetting those

associated with growth proposed in the

Planning Strategy.

Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer,


Spatial policies for renewable energy


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Figure 1 Hastings Core Strategy Key Diagram identifying 5 Potential Areas of Search for Renewable

Energy (orange discs)


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South Staffordshirealso identies

locations with greatest renewable energy (wind,

small-scale hydro, and biomass) potential on a

map in the Core Strategy, reproduced from the

supporting Staffordshire County Wide Renewable/

Low Energy Carbon Study. Policy EQ6 also

identies the potential for wind energy development

in the District as four large-scale turbines, and

sets out criteria against which proposals will be

considered. Although the policy does not make

reference to particular locations, the supporting

text refers to the map of Locations with Renewable

Energy Potential which includes four potential sites

of greatest opportunity for wind development (for

3 or more turbines) as included in the Renewable

Energy Study.

Darlington Core Strategy Policy

CS3provides support for renewable energy. The

text identies wind energy as having the greatest

potential to contribute to the Boroughs renewable

electricity supply. Assessments of wind speeds,

technical and environmental constraints as well

as the potential landscape and visual impact are

to be used to help identify sustainable locations

appropriate for wind energy development. It also

identies Darlingtons urban fringe including the

strategic development locations identied in Policy

CS1 as being suitable for small-scale wind energy.

However this potential is not explicitly identied on

the Key Diagram.

Richmondshires Submission

Core Strategy Policy CP1makes

it clear that proposals will be supported and

encouraged that reect and respond positively

to the Richmondshire Local Renewable and Low

Carbon Energy Capacity Study (2012) and the

studys Energy Opportunities Map (EOM). The

EOM identies areas where there are specic

physical, social and environmental constraints that

would restrict renewable and low carbon energy

delivery, and also identies areas where there might

be specic spatial opportunities; such as delivery

of infrastructure accompanying strategic growth.

Although renewable energy schemes are not

explicitly precluded outside these areas, the EOM

represents the most promising areas for renewable

and low carbon energy generation. The map only

identies where there may be opportunities and not

where proposals will necessarily be permitted.


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Figure 2 Richmondshire evidence base Energy Opportunities Map (referred to in Core Strategy Policy

CP1) identifying Potential Wind Resource (hatched area in north east of plan area) and Viable Residential

Heat Demand (for district heating) (orange areas)


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Criteria-based policies for renewable energy

In addition to identifying opportunities spatially,

the case study Core Strategies include policies

that set out criteria against which proposals will be

considered within the policies for renewable and low

carbon energy. These commonly include factors

reecting policy or environmental constraints,

and potential impacts of renewable energy

developments including:

natural, built, historic and cultural landscape and

townscape including buildings, features, habitats

and species of international, national and local

importance

residential amenity including visual intrusion, air,

dust, noise, odour, trafc generation, recreation

and access

transport infrastructure and the local highway

network

cumulative impact.

They also include technology-specic factors,

particularly wind turbines. The visual impact of

wind development in particular is addressed in

most policies, commonly requiring use of landscape

character assessments and sensitivity frameworks

such as by Richmondshire, and of the criteria used

to identify areas suitable for wind development

reecting paragraph 98 of the NPPF, such as by

South Staffordshire.



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Spatial policies for Low Carbon Heat


All of the Core Strategy (Local Plan) case studies

identify the potential for district heating spatially

through:

describing broad locations within the policy

identifying locations on a separate map

accompanying the policy

identifying locations on the Key Diagram

reference to the evidence base (energy studies

including heat mapping) used to inform and

support the policy.

Bristol identies and maps Heat Priority Areas.

Core Strategy Policy BCS14 expects development

to incorporate infrastructure for district heating

where feasible, reecting a heat hierarchy that

prioritises connection to existing heat networks and

site-wide renewable CHP over fossil fuelled (gas)

community CHP, with individual building renewable

heating as the least favoured.

Darlingtons Core Strategy Policy CS1 identies

the strategic development areas including the Town

Centre and Town Centre Fringe where development

should include biomass/combined heat and power

installations and district heating and cooling

networks. Policy CS3 supports renewable and

low carbon energy giving signicant weight to its

environmental, social and economic benets while

requiring potential impacts, including cumulative

effects, to be considered and mitigated. It also

requires developments to connect to district heating

schemes where opportunities exist.

Hastings Planning Strategy Policy SC5 identies

potential opportunities for combined heat and

power and district heating networks at three heat-

density opportunity areas where opportunities

will be explored for Combined Heat and Power

systems connected to district heating networks (in

the vicinity of the Hospital, Sports Centre, and town

centre). The Proposed Submission Development

Management Plan includes Site Allocations, where

proponents are expected to investigate the potential

for district heating and/or combined heat and power.

Richmondshires Core Strategy draft Policy CP1

refers to the Energy Opportunities Map (EOM) which

identies 3 areas where district heating islikely to

be most feasible. Most development is small scale

with no major strategic development sites and so

the focus for development is at Catterick Garrison

where the major opportunity for district heating

exists, particularly as a masterplan for the site could

incorporate district heating and associated


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infrastructure at the outset.

Manchester s Core Strategy Policy EN5

identies broad Strategic Areas for low and zero

carbon decentralised energy infrastructure in the

City Centre, Airport, major development sites,

and strategic housing and employment locations.

Developments are expected to have energy

proposals plans detailing measures to incorporate

low and zero carbon energy infrastructure. Policy

EN7 has a presumption in favour of low and zero

carbon decentralised energy generally, subject

to criteria being met, with the supporting text

identifying the main sources to deliver the capacity

(opportunities for which to be identied in energy

proposals plans).

Also in Greater Manchester, Stockports Core

Strategy Development Management Policy

SD-3 identies two types of area that have distinct

energy opportunities identied spatially in its Energy

Opportunities Plan:

Network Development Area: where the proximity

of new and existing buildings creates sufcient

density to support district heating and/or cooling

networks (potential district heating areas on

the Energy Opportunities Plan); and

Microgeneration Area: locations where lower

densities and a fragmented mix of uses mean

that only building scale solutions are possible (in

effect the rest of the Borough).

Development Management Policy SD-4 requires

that new development in Network Development

Areas, where technically feasible and nancially

viable, should consider district heating to help

deliver carbon reductions.

A number of other emerging plans do not identify

areas that may be suitable for renewable energy,

on the basis that the information on resource

availability and constraints may not be sufciently

robust to delineate suitable areas.

Instead, policies often require proposals to be

considered with reference to Landscape Character

The potential for district heating networks to

be developed will need to be reected in and

encouraged by masterplans incorporating

district heating infrastructure, to ensure

effective coordination across sites and related

infrastructure.

John Hiles, Planning Policy Ofcer Hambleton

and Richmondshire District Councils


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Assessments and assessments of relative

sensitivity (to wind and large-scale solar, individually

and cumulatively) of landscape character types.

This includes areas with experience of large-sale

renewable energy developments and pressure

for further development e.g. North Devon and

Torridge (Local Plan consultation draft, January

2013), Cornwall Council (Local Plan pre submission

General Policies March 2013), Northumberland

Local Development Plan Core Strategy Preferred

Options (Consultation Document: February 2013).


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All of the Core Strategy case studies were

supported by a renewable and low carbon energy

study. The approaches to preparing the evidence

base are similar. The evidence base usually

has been prepared by independent technical

consultants and includes all or some of the following

components:

Evidence to support energy efciency and

carbon reduction standards beyond the Building

Regulations, for example identifying current and

projected emissions and the contribution that

may be made to reducing emissions through

tighter standards usually with reference to

national standards such as BREEAM and Code

for Sustainable Homes.

Heat mapping identifying areas of high current or

potential heat demand and consumption and/or

surplus heat generation where district heating or

combined heat and power may be most feasible.

These are generally more densely developed

urban areas with a mix of uses with a constant

heat (or cooling) demand, where there may be

anchor heat loads (swimming pools, hotels,

hospitals or types of industry, or where major

development is proposed).

Renewable energy potential, assessing the

presence and distribution of resources (average

wind speed, hydro, biomass) and constraints

to deployment, identifying the theoretical and

practical potential generation from different

resources and areas where development may

be appropriate.

Often strategic energy assessments undertaken to

support Regional Spatial Strategy policy were used,

with additional local studies providing more detailed

authority-specic evidence.

Consultation on the energy assessments helped to

build awareness and understanding of the emerging

evidence base prior to consultation on resultant

policies. In Staffordshire, consultation events

were led by the consultants that prepared the joint

Staffordshire County Wide Renewable/Low Energy

Carbon Study, involving developers, politicians and

other interested parties.

Evidence base


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Similar stakeholder events were held as part of

AGMA Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon

Planning study in Greater Manchester to build

awareness and take on board views from

developers and public, and additional specic

consultation on energy policies was undertaken as

part of CS consultation.

Examples emerged of specic consultation

events on energy policy over and above normal

consultation on emerging plans, although Bristol

held a specic stakeholder event on climate change

as part of the consultation on the Publication version

of the Plan.


A sound evidence base is required to

demonstrate deliverability of policies including

as far as possible, consideration of the effects

on development viability.

Katrina Holt, Senior Planner


Collaboration with other authorities in

preparing the evidence base is important in

considering a wider area strategically (and

identifying where realistic opportunities may

be) and also has economies of scale.

Kelly Harris, Local Plans Team Leader



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As with other types of development, early

engagement with interested parties including

developers, community groups and parish councils,

pressure groups and councillors helps to develop

understanding of the issues and identify and resolve

areas of real and potential concern.

Darlington identied and mapped in its Preferred

Options consultation draft Core Strategy an Area of

Least Constraint (with Least Visual and Landscape

Impact).Karen Johnson of Darlington Borough

Council explains that the consultation identied little

support for identication of Areas of Least Constraint

(for wind) in the plan, with objections including

communities and the wind energy industry that was

concerned that the approach would not be exible

to adapt to changes in technology that proposals

should be considered on their merits, and areas

outside of that identied may prove suitable for wind

energy development.

As a result the mapping of areas based on

windspeed and relative constraints was not included

in the adopted Plan.

Common challenges to spatial policies include the

lack of exibility resulting from identifying suitable

areas, and the implication that proposals outside

of these will not be appropriate. Clarity over what

identication of locations implies in terms of areas

of greatest opportunity rather than preferred areas

outside of which proposals will not be permitted, is

therefore important in framing policy.

The inspector agreed that this part of the policy

may be misleading and so misrepresented the Core

Strategy intentions, impacting on its effectiveness

(and so soundness). Reference to the map was

therefore removed from policy itself but retained in

the supporting text).

By not restricting development to the areas mapped,

the policy was found to be sufciently exible.


Consultation and testing at Examination

A sound evidence base is necessary but the

authority should be exible in how it uses it and

not be afraid of changing its approach reecting

issues raised at consultation.

Karen Johnson, Darlington Borough Council


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It is still early days in terms of plans containing

explicitly spatial policies identifying suitable areas

for renewable and low carbon energy. Those

that have recognise that identication of broad or

specic areas where opportunities for renewable

and low carbon energy exists may provide a useful

steer to potential developers as to areas where

proposals may be considered to be generally

appropriate.

However, developments will also need to be

otherwise acceptable and meet a range of

criteria. Mapping of suitable areas with potential/

opportunity based on constraints and resource

(e.g. wind speed) cannot consider all local issues,

impacts and merits of development. It may

also be misinterpreted if not carefully drafted, to

imply that development outside of such areas

is inappropriate. This can be an unintended

consequence of attempting to prepare a positive

strategy.

Identifying suitable locations for district heating

in policy may be more straightforward than for

free-standing renewable energy developments,

generally being existing urban or major

development areas, particularly if in proximity to

existing heat generators and major consumers.

Implementation of district heating is proving difcult

given the complexity and costs of ensuring that

the heat generation capacity, heat distribution

pipework, and secure market for heat are all in

place at the right time.


Conclusions and lessons


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Appendix A authority and contact details

Bristol City Council

Core Strategy (adopted June 2011) provides general support for renewable energy including large-scale

free-standing installations, and accords signicant weight to the benets of such developments. While

the policy does not identify locations for free-standing renewable installations, the supporting text refers to

the City-wide Sustainable Energy Study and identies Avonmouth as having potential for development of

energy from waste and biomass, and for commercial scale wind farms.

Michael Wilberforce, Senior Planning Policy Ofcer

t 0117 90 36693 e. [email protected]

Darlington Borough Council

Core Strategy (adopted in May 2011) policies support renewable and low carbon energy developments

generally, with criteria against which proposals will be considered. It supports such development giving

signicant weight to its environmental, social and economic benets while requiring potential impacts,

including cumulative effects, to be considered and mitigated. The supporting text advises that assessments

of wind speeds, technical and environmental constraints as well as the potential landscape and visual

impact studies of wind development in the north east of the Borough are to be used to help identify

sustainable locations appropriate for wind energy development.

Karen Johnson

t. 01325 388047 e. [email protected]

Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer


mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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The Planning (Core) Strategy Submission draft examined February 2013) contains a suite of policies

addressing renewable and zero carbon development. This includes an energy hierarchy to identify the

most suitable and cost effective method of achieving low carbon development, and offset emissions

forecast to arise from development over the plan period. It prioritises energy efciency, then on-site

renewable energy generation or on-site connected heating, or combined heat/cooling and power and then

suitable additional measures such as larger CHP or district heating systems or Mega Watt (MW) scale

wind. The Development Management Plan (Proposed Submission January 2013) Site Allocations include

sites with potential for low carbon and renewable energy.

Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer


Richmondshire District Council

The submitted Local Plan Core Strategy (February 2013) contains 3 components: Supporting renewable

and Low Carbon Energy; Ensuring carbon savings in existing and new development; and Climate Change

adaptation. Policy CP1 supports and encourages renewable and low carbon energy that responds

positively to the opportunities identied in the Richmondshire Local Renewable and Low Carbon Energy

Capacity Study (2012) and the studys Energy Opportunities Map and meets criteria set out in the policy

including landscape and visual impact (based on a landscape sensitivity framework) and community

benets plus areas of potential wind resource. The supporting text makes it clear that although the

deployment of renewable energy will not be precluded outside these areas, the EOM is considered to

represent the most promising areas for renewable and low carbon energy generation.

John Hiles, Planning Policy Ofcer, Hambleton and Richmondshire District Councils


mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Core Strategy (adopted in December 2012) Policy EQ6 sets a target for renewable energy generation in

the plan area, supporting development of biomass-fuelled heat and power generally and including criteria

against which proposals are to be considered. The supporting text identies biomass as the preferred

resource and technology to deliver carbon reduction standards. A Design Guide is being developed which

will be include advice to householders on energy efciency and renewable energy.

Kelly Harris, Local Plans Team Leader



The Core Strategy adopted in July 2012 contains a suite of policies (EN4, EN5, EN6 and EN7) encouraging

renewable and low carbon energy, and carbon reduction. Policy EN4 aims to reduce carbon emissions

through, where possible, development locating close to, and being designed to, enable connection to low or

zero carbon supplies.

Katrina Holt, Senior Planner

t. 0161 234 4570 e. [email protected]


Core Strategy (adopted in March 2011) Policy CS1 requires all development to demonstrate how it will

contribute towards reducing the Boroughs carbon footprint by achieving carbon management standards.

The Core Strategy seeks to identify and enable opportunities for low and/or zero carbon developments

and includes an Energy Opportunities Plan. A suite of development management policies covering

energy efcient design, incorporation of low carbon and renewable technologies in existing dwellings and

identifying opportunity areas for heat and renewable energy provide for implementation of the policy.

Angie Jukes, Health & Environment Advisor (Planning)

t: 0161 474 4385 e: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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References

Bristol City Council:

Core Strategy: http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/les/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/

planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20

Strategy%20June%202011.pdf

CS evidence base Bristol Citywide Sustainable Energy Study http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/les/

documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20

Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdf

Darlington Borough Council:

Core Strategy: http://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htm

CS evidence base: Decentralised Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study 2009 and Update to 2009

Decentralised Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study Final Report, (Entec July 2010)

Wind Farm Development and Landscape Capacity Studies: East Durham Limestone and Tees Plain (Arup

2008 for Association of North East Councils), and addendum report 2009

http://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htm

Hastings Borough Council:

Planning Strategy: http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/

planningstrategysubmission

Development Management Plan: http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/

localplan/documents/#dpd_report

http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htmhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htmhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htmhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htmhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdf


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Local Plan evidence base: Hastings Borough Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study,

(Element Energy 2009) http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_

documents/renewable_energy_study/

Manchester City Council:

Core Strategy: http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_

development_plan

Evidence base: Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon Planning (Urbed/AECOM/Quantum

for AGMA, June 2010) http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/

localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/

Richmondshire District Council:

Core Strategy: http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspx

CS evidence base: Richmondshire Local Plan Renewable and Low Carbon Study (AECOM,

August 2012) http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20

Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdf

South Staffordshire Council:

Core Strategy: http://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%20

2012.pdf

Examination: http://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_

plans/core_strategy/examination.aspx

CS evidence base: Staffordshire County-wide Renewable / Low Carbon Energy Study (CAMCO,

September 2010)

http://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_

ISSUED.pdf

http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspxhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspxhttp://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/


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Core Strategy: http://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfc

orestrategydpd?view=Standard

Evidence base: including Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon Planning (Urbed/AECOM/

Quantum for AGMA, June 2010)

http://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidence
http://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidencehttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidencehttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standard


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Documents

Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study