Upload
milton-laurens
View
221
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Renaissance Europe
Changes in Society• Middle Ages: (Europe in the 4th - 14th centuries)– Feudal society (everyone has a master but the king and the Pope)
– Catholic church had absolute power• Renaissance: (15-17th centuries)
– Catholic church questioned; peoples’ worlds began to expand
– Poor still had masters but everyone began to rebel against authority
The Arts• Renaissance = “rebirth” of art and learning• Art still to honor and to serve God, but also to celebrate humans
• Art became more nuanced – human form studied• Painting, sculpture, architecture, music
Michelangelo
Leonardo da Vinci
The School at Athens, with lines to show perspective
Cities
• Beautiful, powerful, crowded, filthy
• Powerful cities due to trade &/or having a cathedral– Venice, Florence, Paris, Rome, London
• Cities were centers for merchants, religious beliefs, education
• Also where diseases spread most quickly
Buildings
• Centers of power made of stone (castles, cathedrals, universities)
• Homes built of wood or mud brick
• In some places, poor homes were built of mud walls (wattle and daub) with thatched roofs
Government• Powerful kings ruled - absolute authority
• Their advisors carried out laws - Disobedience meant prison or death
• Very high taxes on the poor, had to pay with cash or land
• England is different
Religion in Europe• Corrupt Catholic Church questioned by Martin Luther and other Protestants
• New Protestant churches divided European church
• Jews, Muslims, also lived in Europe, but faced persecution.
Education & Science
• Scientists needed patrons (someone wealthy to pay for their research)– Johannes Gutenburg – – Copernicus, then Galileo – proved earth revolves around sun
Trade and Money
• Every country had its own currency– gold and silver coins– Jewels also valued
• Trade existed throughout Europe– Bad roads, boats could sink
• Venice most powerful merchant city - traded with Asia (silks, spices)– Marco Polo went to Asia in 1271, opened up that continent for trade
Writing and Record Keeping
• Keepers of Information– Universities, Monasteries, King’s Court
• Printing press means more books available for cheaper prices - lower classes can read!