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8/12/2019 Religion in Uk Prezentare
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BRITISHNESS OF RELIGION IN UK and Former
British Empire
National churches
Typical Church of England church !hrist !hurch" She##ield"
En$land
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The %rotestant Re#ormation esta&lished di##erent reli$ious practices
in the di##erent countries o# the United Kin$dom
•
The !hurch o# En$land o##icially esta&lished !hristian !hurch'the Mother Church o# the (orld(ide )n$lican !ommunion
o It considers itsel# to &e &oth !atholic and re#ormed
• The !hurch o# Scotland" *no(n in#ormally The Kir*" is the national
church o# Scotland +%res&yterian , the Scottish re#ormation- reco$ni.ed
&y The !hurch o# Scotland )ct in /01/2
• The !hurch o# 3ales" +Yr Eglwys yng Nghymru2" is a mem&er !hurch o#
the )n$lican !ommunion
• The )n$lican !hurch o# Ireland ' an autonomous pro4ince o# the
)n$lican !ommunion" operatin$ across &oth Northern Ireland and the
Repu&lic o# Ireland5
• the %res&yterian !hurch o# Ireland
• the 6ethodist !hurch mo4ement traces its ori$in to the E4an$elical
a(a*enin$ in the /7th century
•
• Roman !atholic !hurch has separate national churches #or En$land"
3ales and Scotland (hich #ace o##icial discrimination in the early years
o# UK
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• Non con#ormist +8issenters2 trace &ac* #rom the mid9/:th
century" (hen !hristians (ho opposed State inter#erence in
reli$ious matters" &ro*e a(ay #rom the !hurch o# En$land in
the /;th" /<th and /7th centuries5 Today these include
o Baptist
o %res&yterian
o !on$re$ational church
o 6ennonite
o Unitarians
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According to the 2001 UK census, Christianity is the major religion,
followed by
• Islam,
North London !entral 6os=ue" Fins&ury %ar*5
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• Hinduism"
The Neasden Temple is the second lar$est temple o# Hinduism in Europe
• Si*hism
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• >udaism
Sin$ers Hill Syna$o$ue" Birmin$ham
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Buddism
Ka$yu Samye Lon$ 6onastery and Ti&etan !entre
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• Bah?@A Faith monument o#
Sho$hi E##endi
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Rasta#arianism +Rasta2
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The Rasta#ari (ear loc*s as an
epression o# inner spirituality and to emphasi.e their identity
8readloc*s" also called loc*s or dreads" are hea4y matted coils o# hair (hich
#orm &y themsel4es e4entually #usin$ to$ether to #orm a sin$le dread
Neo9pa$anism um&rella term f or modern religious movements in the
industrialized countries, ranging from polytheism to animism, to
pantheism and other paradigms
/5 3icca
15 Neo9druism
C5 Germanic Neopa$anism
:5 Sla4ic neo9%a$anism
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) $roup o# En$lish neo9pa$anists +druids2
• %entecostal churches are no( third a#ter the !hurch o# En$land and
the Roman !atholic !hurch in En$land5
• Orthodo !hurch +more recently introduced to the UK &y Gree*"
!ypriot" Russian" and other immi$rants co4erin$ Eastern and Oriental
orthodo2
o there are also the )rmenian )postolic church" theSer&ian Orthodo !hurch and the U*rainian Orthodo
!hurch all in London
o !optic Orthodo parishes
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the !athedral o# the 8ormition o# the 6ost9Holy 6other o# God &uilt in /00<
in traditional Russian architectural style
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A !urobarometer o"inion "oll in 200# re"orted that$
• %&' (believe there is a )od(,
•
*0' believe there is (some sort of s"irit or life force( and
• 20'$ (+ dont believe there is any sort of s"irit, )od or life force(
) sur4ey in 1DD< su$$ested that
:1 o# adults resident in the UK prayed" (ith one in si
prayin$ on a daily &asis
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Follo(in$ the )merican Re4olution and the epansion o# the British
Empire in the /<th century the !hurch o# En$land and associated
Episcopal churches in Ireland and in En$land de4eloped in
• -UA
• Canada
• Africa
• Australasia
• .acific +slands
o inde"endent church with their own bisho"s
o self/governing structures
o activity of Christian missions
o he oo3 of Common .rayer 4 a collection
of services that worshi""ers in most
Anglican churches ac3nowledged as one of
the ties that bind the Anglican Communion together
o each national or regional Anglican church
has full autonomy
o the third largest Christian communion in the
world, after the 5oman Catholic and the
!astern 6rthodo7 Church
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%atron Saints
Saint Geor$e , En$land
Saint Geor$e a Roman soldier in the Guard o# Emperor 8iocletian" 4enerated
as a !hristian 6artyr
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-aint )eorge is one of the most venerated saints in the Anglican Church,
!astern 6rthodo7 Church, 6riental 6rthodo7 Church, and the !astern
Catholic Church 8e is immortalized in the tale of )eorge and the
9ragon and is one of the :ourteen 8oly 8el"ers 8is memorial iscelebrated on 2% A"ril 8e is regarded as one of the most "rominent
military saints
King !dward +++ ;1%2< = 1%<<> was 3nown for "romoting the codes of
3nighthood and in 1%*& founded the 6rder of the )arter 9uring his
reign, )eorge came to be recognized as the "atron saint of the !nglish
monarchy
+n the 1?th century, @illiam -ha3es"eare firmly "laced -t )eorge withinthe national conscience in his "lay 8enry in which the !nglish troo"s
are rallied with the cry B)od for 8arry, !ngland and -t )eorge, and
!dmund -"enser included -t )eorge ;5edcross Knight> as a central
figure in his e"ic "oem he :aerie Dueen
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Saint )ndre( , Scotland
Icon o# the )postle Saint )ndre(- the patron saint o# Scotland +No4em&er" CD2
!hristian )postle and the youn$er &rother o# Saint %eter The name
)ndre( +#rom Gree* )ndreia" manhood" or 4alour2" li*e other Gree*
names" appears to ha4e &een common amon$ the >e(s #rom the second or
third century B!5
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The Saltire +or St5 )ndre(s !ross2 is the national #la$ o# Scotland
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Saint 8a4id +3elsh98e(i Sant2 church official later regarded as a
"atron saint of @ales 9avid is a native of the country of which he is
"atron saint, and a relatively large amount of information is 3nown about
his life
St5 8a4id as teacher of -t :innian in a stained glass window at Clonard
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Saint %atric* +%E0 / *?0> ;Fatin$ Patricius, +rish$ Naomh Pádraig >$
5oman ritain born Christian missionary "atron saint of +reland, along
with ridgit of Kildare and Columba
.ious legend credits .atric3 with banishing sna3es from the island
Green ri&&ons and shamroc* are worn in celebration of -t .atric3s
9ay
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St5 %atric*s 8ay" Ireland
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)ccordin$ to le$end" St5 %atric* used
the shamroc*" a three9lea4ed plant" to eplain the Holy Trinity to the pre9!hristian Irish people
The !hica$o Ri4er is dyed $reen each year #or the St5 %atric*s 8ay
cele&ration
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Reli$ion and education
o Reli$ion is hea4ily in4ol4ed (ith a si$ni#icant num&er o# the
state #unded schools" maority &ein$ !hristian +and mainlyeither o# !hurch o# En$land or Roman !atholic25
o The Education )ct /0:: introduced a re=uirement #or a daily
act o# collecti4e (orship and #or reli$ious education5
o Reli$ious studies are o&li$atory su&ect in the curriculum" &ut
tend to aim at pro4idin$ an understandin$ o# the main #aiths o#
the (orld than at instillin$ a strictly !hristian 4ie(point5
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Secularism and tolerance
) syna$o$ue and mos=ue side &y side in London5
o he -ociety in the United Kingdom is mar3edly more secular than in the "ast he number of churchgoers fell over the last half of the 20th century
8owever, According to the 2001 census,
o <1?' of "o"ulation declared themselves to be Christian,
o 2<' as Guslim
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o 1' as 8indu
o 6nly 1##' said they had (no religion( and <%' did not re"ly to the
Huestion
The Racial and Reli$ious Hatred )ct 1DD; made it an offence
to incite hatred against a "erson on the grounds of their religion
he common law offences of blas"hemy and blas"hemous libel
were finally abolished with the coming into effect of the
!riminal >ustice and Immi$ration )ct 1DD7
o no strict se"aration of church and state in the United
Kingdom
o "ublic officials may in general dis"lay religioussymbols in the course of their duties
o -chool uniforms codes are generally drawn u"
fle7ibly enough to accommodate com"ulsory
items of religious dress
some schools have banned wearing the
crucifi7 since wearing a crucifi7 is not a
reHuirement of Christianity