RELIGION & BILL OF RIGHTS

Religion has always played a large role in early American life. It is why ____________________ _________. That is why it is the 1st amendment.

FREEDOM OF RELIGION

1ST & 14TH Amendment freedom. They prohibit:1._______________________________________________________

2. Protection for the “__________________________”.

SEPERATION OF CHURCH & STATE

Thomas Jefferson- “_____________ ______________________________”Churches __________ taxed by Federal, State, or Local Government “In God we Trust” “so help me God” ___________________________ ___________________________

How high is the wall???

The first direct ruling on the ______________came in _______ known as the ________________.- busing parochial students

Released Time

Released time programs allow _________to release students from school time to __________________ ____________________.

Prayers and the Bible

Engle v. Vitale-court outlawed ____________ ____________________

Prayers and the Bible in Public School

Though illegal both organized prayer and Bible readings are found in many Public Schools usually in the __________ _________

Schools can’t __ _____________.Individuals ____ pray in school Students ______ study the Bible in _____________ _____________ _____________

Abington School District v. Schempp- ________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________

________________ -Court struck down an AL law that the moment of silence & moment of ___________________________________________________.

Student Religious GroupsEqual Access Act of 1984, can students hold Bible study classes in a public school? schools receiving federal funds _______religious groups to meet in the school ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

Evolution

Laws banning the teaching of Evolution or requiring the teaching of creation have been declared ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

???? Intelligent Design ????

(ID) believes that __________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________

Kitzmiller, et al. v. Dover Area School DistrictDistrict required the presentation of ID as an alternative to evolution. _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________

Seasonal Displays

Can public body like a school or community put up a Nativity scene? ___ ________________________________________________________________

Chaplains in Congress• Can state legislatures and the

Congress begin sessions with a prayer?

• The Supreme Court ruled that it is ____________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________

State Aid to Parochial Schools

Several states give help to parochial schools for transportation, books, etc.Arguments- _____________ _____________________ _____________________

The Lemon Test for state aid to parochial schools!1. The purpose of the aid must be

________________________. 2. The primary effect must

neither __________________ _________________

3. The aid must avoid an ______ ________________________________________________

Lemon v. Kurtzman 1971• Can a state pay a parochial

school’s costs for text books and teachers in nonreligious courses?

• _____________________ _________________________________________________________________

No money for math! St. Paul’s is #1!

What kinds of state aid to parochial schools is legal?

• Buying State required Textbooks?

• _______

• Paying for standardized tests?

• _______

• Paying for field trips?

• _______

• Paying part of a parochial teacher’s salary?

• _______

The Free Exercise Clause

The 1st and 14th Amendments guarantee each person the right to believe whatever that person chooses to believe or not believe in matters of religion!

!!!!HOWEVER!!!!

It does not give one the right to ______________ ____________________________________________________________________________________.

Free Exercise of Religion

• Can a parent refuse to have a child vaccinated for disease because it violates their religion?

• May a state refuse to allow the handling of poisonous snakes in religious ceremonies?

___

________

Free Exercise of Religion

• Are religious groups required to have a permit for a parade?

• Are groups that use children to sell religious literature required to obey child labor laws?

• Can religious objectors to military service still be drafted to serve in noncombat roles in the military?

• Can an Orthodox Jew be denied permission to wear his yarmulke “skull cap” while on active duty?

• Can private logging companies build roads in national forests traditionally used by Native Americans for religious purposes?

• Can a person be prevented from using peyote or other hallucinogenic drugs as part of their religious service?

__________________________

Amish children can’t ________ ____________________________________________________Compulsory flag-salute in school is _______________- WV Board of Ed v. Barnette 1943

Flag Salute Case #1• 1940- 2 Jehovah Witnesses were

expelled from school for refusing to stand up for the Pledge.

• Supreme Court ruled that _______ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Flag Salute Case #2

1943,World War II- oppression of the Nazis was seen, the Court reviewed the requirement of saying the Pledge & ruled that saying it (_____________________) required.