Relay Testing

Knowledge Is PowerSMApparatus Maintenance and Power Management

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Brief Introduction for Automated Relay Testing

Kamin DaveManager Marketing & Protection Applications

DOBLE ENGINEERING COMPANY, INDIA

[email protected]


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Protection Relay Testing:

Testing of Generator Protection Relay type SEL300G


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Relay Details: SEL300G

Under & Over Voltage Protection (27/59)Negative sequence Protection (46)Reverse & Low Forward Power Protection (32)Over Excitation Protection (24)Over & Under Freq. Protection (81O/81U)Under Impedance Protection (21) Loss of Excitation Protection (40G) 100% Stator E/F Protection (27TN/64G2)


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Out of Step Protection (78)Voltage Restrained O/C Protection (51VR)Voltage Controlled O/C Protection (51VC)Rotor E/F Protection (64R)Breaker Failure ProtectionGenerator Differential Protection (87D)Ground differential Protection (87N) 95% Stator E/F Protection (59GN/64G1)


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Primary & Backup Protection


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Rotor Earth Fault Protection


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Characteristic plotted in F6TEST2.21 software for testing

Load Encroachment characteristic plotted

Zone2 Reach

Zone1 Reach


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Select D from List


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GCB Status Close Input


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Breaker close input & VT fuse fail input


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VT fuse fail Status Input

Characteristic selection


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V/Hz Curve1


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V/Hz Curve2


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V/Hz Curve3


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Selection of Curve


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Set as a Low Forward Power threshold range

Set as a Reverse Power threshold range


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Set as Reverse Power function

VT Fuse fail Input


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Relay Details: SEL300GRelay Logic for Reverse Power Function


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VT fuse fail Status Input

Offset reactance for Zone1

Zone1

Zone2

Offset reactance for Zone2

Directional Angle for Zone2


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Directional Angle for Zone2


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Relay Logic for Loss of Excitation Function


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Enter Setting of NPS Threshold

Enter Time Dial Setting


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Relay Details: SEL300GRelay Logic for Negative Sequence current Function


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Select function V


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Threshold value

Curve selection C1

VT fuse fail status input


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K = 0.25Normal Inverse Curve


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Select function C


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Threshold value

Curve selection C1

VT fuse fail status input


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K = 0.2Normal Inverse Curve


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0-95% SEF

100% SEF


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Under Freq. function

Under Freq. function


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Test Equipment

Make : DOBLE

Model : F6150

Software

F6TesT Version 2.21-1165


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F6150 Connections:

CT ConnectionsPT Connections


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SEL300 Connections:PT ConnectionsCT Connections

Connections of 4th Voltage for 100% SEF


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Testing of Over Excitation Function (24)


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VA

VB

VC

I1

I2

I3

SEL

Test Circuit: Over Excitation Function Test

Source Configurations:3V X 3I

CT Inputs


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Inverse Time Curve Test

Tests conducted:


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Use VFChar Module for Characteristic Search Test


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Curve3 selection

Enter Time Dial


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Curve3 for Testing


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Expected Curve

Actual Curve from relay

Phasor

Select ABC Fault for testing

Relay settings:V/Hz = 1PUCurve = 3Time Dial = 1


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Testing of Reverse Power Function (32)


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Reverse Power Protection (32R): Example1

G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

CB1

CB2

CB3

CB4

CB

5

TL Line

TL Line

MW

MW

Healthy Prime-mover

Failed Prime-mover

MVAR

MVAR

E

E


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G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

CB1

CB2

CB3

CB4

CB

5

TL Line

TL Line

MW

MW

Healthy Prime-mover

Failed Prime-mover

MVAR

MVAR

E

E


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G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

CB1 CB3

CB

5

TL LineMW

Failed Prime-mover

MVAR

E

Active Power Import from Grid sources

Grid

GridMW

MW

MW


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GD YTR1

GCB

Gen Set

Failed Prime-mover

MVAR

E

Only Reactive Power Export to Loads

CB1 CB2

D YTR2

CB3 CB4

MC

B

5

CB6

L

o

a

d

s

L

o

a

d

s


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VA

VB

VC

I1

I2

I3

SEL

Test Circuit: Reverse Power Function Test

Source Configurations:3V X 3I

CT Inputs


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Pickup Test

Time Test

Tests conducted:


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Use RAMP Module for Pickup Test


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Pickup Test @ Unity PF:

MW- MW

- MVAR

MVAR

Watts = VA = 952.87W

- MVAR

MVAR

MW- MW

IExpected = 1A


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Pickup Test @ Unity PF:Vn = 110V In = 5APF = 1 (Unity)PN = (1.7325*0.11*1000*5) = 952.87watts%PSet = 20% of PNPSet = (952.87 * 20)/(PF*100) = 190.5watts IExpected = (190.5)/(1.7325*0.11*1000*PF) = 1A


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Enter Expected Value = 1A Enter Actiondetails

Pickup

Actual Operating Values

IA@180o


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Pickup Test @ 0.8 lag PF:

MW- MW

- MVAR

MVAR

Watts = 762.3W - MVAR

MVAR

MW- MW

IExpected = 1.15A

VA = 952.87VA


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Enter Expected Value = 1.15A Enter Actiondetails

Pickup


IA@150o


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Pickup Test @ 0.8 lead PF:

MW- MW

- MVAR

MVAR

Watts = 762.3W

- MVAR

MVAR

MW- MW

IExpected = 1.15AVA = 952.87VA


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Enter Expected Value = 1.15A Enter Actiondetails

Pickup


IA@210o


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Use SSIMUL Module for Time Test


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TExp = 200msTAct = 262ms


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Testing of Loss of Excitation Function (40G)


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VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

SEL

Test Circuit: Field Failure Function Test

Source Configurations:3V & 3I

3V

3I


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Characteristic Search Test

Characteristic Time Test

RCA (MTA) Test

Tests conducted:


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Use ZChar Module for Characteristic Search Test


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Zone1 setting = 20.4Ohms



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Show Phasors: fault voltage & current of ABC fault

Blue color shows expected characteristic and pink color shows actual tested characteristic


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Click on Oscillograph: Shows, voltage & current waveform of ABC fault


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Zone2 setting = 30.5OhmsOffset = -3.5 Ohms


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Use ZTime Module for Characteristic Time Test


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Results Table shows; Zone1 time is 0.1s & Zone2 time is 0.4s


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SEL300G: Field Failure Function Testing


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LED Indicator operated


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Use ZMTA Module for Characteristic MTA (RCA) Test


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Fault type ABC selected for testing

Angle Boundary (Theta1)

Angle Boundary (Theta2)


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Testing of Negative Sequence Function (46)


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Negative Sequence Protection (46)

IaIc

IbIa

Ic

Ib

IaIc

Ib

+VE Seq. -VE Seq. Zero Seq.

Sequence Components


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G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set

MWMVAR

E

3

46Operate: I2Measure>I2Set

Sys

MVARMW

F1



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G D Y

GTGCB

Gen Set3

46Operate: I2Measure>I2Set

F1


3

3

IR @ 0o

IY @ 120O

IB @ 240O


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I1@0o

I2@120o

I3@240o

SEL

Test Circuit: Negative Phase Seq. Function Testing

Source Configurations:3I

3I


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Tests conducted:


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Use IChar Module for Characteristic Search Test


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Curve selection

Enter Time Dial


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Inverse Curve for Testing


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Blue color line shows Expected curve & Pink color line shows Actual tested curve

Phasors shows symmetrical componentsvalue (i.e. I1, I0 & I2)


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Testing of Voltage Controlled Over Current Function (51VC)


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Voltage Controlled over current function (51VC):

Normally Protection applied for Directly connected Generators where system voltage collapse drastically falls below set value (VSet) during faults.

Voltage Dependent Over Current Protection (51V)

G GCB

D Y

3

51VC Y Y

CB1

3

51

D YCB2 3

51

CB23

MotproMVT

F1F2

6.37 MVA11KVPF = 0.8, Xd=36.4%, Xd=26%Xd = 231%

1.5MVA, 11KV/0.415KV, %Z = 4.9%

1.5MVA, 11KV/0.415KV, %Z = 4.9%


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V/Vs

I*/ [I>]

0.2 0.8

0.2

1.0

51V-Voltage Controlled

Vmeasured < VsetIpickup = (k*Iset)T = (0.14*T) / ((Ipickup)0.02-1)

Vmeasured > VsetIpickup = (Iset)T = (0.14*T) / ((Ipickup)0.02-1)



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VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

SEL

Test Circuit: Voltage Controlled O/C Function Testing


3V

3I


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Tests conducted:


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Curve selection

Enter Time Dial

Relay Settings:I> = 0.5*InCurve = C1Time Dial = 1V1 = 50VL-NV2 = 25VL-N


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Characteristic created for testing

Relay Settings:I> = 0.5*InCurve = C1Time Dial = 1V1 = 50VL-NV2 = 25VL-N


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Injected Voltage to relay


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Display Phasors


Right click on check box to enable voltage O/P


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Testing of Voltage Restrained Over Current Function (51VR)


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Voltage Restrained over current function (51VR):

Normally Protection is applicable when Generator is connected to system through GT.


G GCB3

51VC Y YVT

D Y

D YCB1 3

51

D YCB2 3

51

CB2

3

MotproM

F1F2


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VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

SEL

Test Circuit: Voltage Restrained O/C Function Testing


3V

3I


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V/Vs

I*/ [I>]

0.2 0.8

0.2

1.0

51V-Voltage restrained Vmeasured > Vset2Ipickup = (Iset)

Vmeasured < Vset1Ipickup = (k*Iset)

Vset1 < Vmeasured < Vset2Slop

e region



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Tests conducted:


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Curve selection

Enter Time Dial

Relay Settings:I> = 1*InCurve = C1Time Dial = 1V1 = 50VL-NV2 = 25VL-N


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Characteristic created for testing

Relay Settings:I> = 1*InCurve = C1Time Dial = 1V1 = 50VL-NV2 = 25VL-N


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Injected Voltage to relay


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Display Phasors


Right click on check box to enable voltage O/P


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Testing of 0-95% Stator Earth Fault Function (64R1/59GN)


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Stator Ground Fault Protection (59GN): Resistor Ground

Maximum Ground Fault Amps = (Line to Neutral Voltage)-------------------------------------

(NGR Resistance)

VLN = 21000/1.7325

100 Ohms, 10s

IFIF PTR = 21000/240VCTR = 20/1A


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Stator Ground Fault Protection (59GN): Impedance Ground (NGT)

VLN = 21000/1.7325KVPri = 21kVKVSec = 0.240kVKVA = 70KVA R = 0.913 Ohms Full Load current in Primary wdg = 3.33A Ground Fault Impedance = 3640.004 Ohms

IF


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VA

VB

VC

VN

SEL

Test Circuit: 0-95% SEF Function Testing

Source Configurations:4V

3V

4th V@50Hz


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Pickup Test

Time Test

Tests conducted:


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4th Voltage used

Expected value = 5VActual value = 5.3V

Pickup Value = 5V

Action details for Voltage Ramp


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Ground Fault condition

Display Phasor


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Ground Fault condition

Display Waveforms (Analogue & Digital Channels)

4th Voltage


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Actual trip time = 1s

Relay Output (Open to Close contact)


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Testing of 100% Stator Earth Fault Function (64R2/27TN)


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Stator Ground Fault Protection (27TN)

3rd HarmonicCurrent circulate


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Stator Ground Fault Protection (27TN): 3RDHarmonic Under Voltage Method

3rd Harmonic Under voltage relay

3rd Harmonic Voltage at Neutral End reduced

3rd Harmonic Voltage at Neutral End reduced

IF

3rd harmonic voltage dropBecause capacitanceIs shorted

IF


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VA

VB

VC

VN

SEL

Test Circuit: 100% SEF Function Test

Source Configurations:4V

3V

4th V@150Hz


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Pickup Test

Time Test

Tests conducted:


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4th Voltage used @ 150Hz Freq.

Expected value = 1VActual value = 1.2V

Pickup Value = 1.2V

Action details for Voltage Ramp


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Ground Fault condition close to Neutral


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Actual trip time = 0.55s



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SEL300G: 100%SEF Function Testing



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Testing of Under Frequency Function (81UF)


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VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

SEL

Test Circuit: Under Freq. Function Test


3V

3I


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Pickup Test

Time Test

Tests conducted:


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Freq. of Voltage sources

Expected value = 48.5HzActual value = 48.498Hz

Pickup Value = 48.5Hz

Action details for Freq. Ramp


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Under Frequency condition (48Hz Freq. for Voltage sources)


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Actual trip time = 0.33s



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Testing of Over Frequency Function (81O/F)


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VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

SEL

Test Circuit: Over Freq. Function Test


3V

3I


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Pickup Test

Time Test

Tests conducted:


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Freq. of Voltage sources

Expected value = 51HzActual value = 51.0002Hz

Pickup Value = 51.0002Hz

Action details for Freq. Ramp


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Over Frequency condition (51Hz Freq. of Voltage sources)


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Actual trip time = 93.9ms



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SEL300G: 100%SEF Function Testing



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Training to L&T Power at Doble Training Center


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DOBLE ENGINEERING COMPANY2nd Floor Suvidhi Pride, Gorwa-Refinery RoadOpposite Shell Petrol PumpVADODARAINDIA. Cell:- +91 98980 55956EMAIL ID:- [email protected]:- www.doble.com

Documents

Relay Testing