Relative Pronouns and Relative Pronouns and Adjectives Adjectives

How They are Used in How They are Used in Latin Sentences. Latin Sentences.

The Antecedent The Antecedent

All relative pronouns, no matter how All relative pronouns, no matter how they are used in a sentence, have an they are used in a sentence, have an antecedent. antecedent.

The antecedentThe antecedent will dictate the will dictate the gendergender and and numbernumber of the relative pronoun of the relative pronoun

The The casecase of the relative is dictated by of the relative is dictated by its its use in the clauseuse in the clause. .

If the antecedent is If the antecedent is VirVir, the relative , the relative must be Masculine and Singular. must be Masculine and Singular.

Uses in a SentenceUses in a Sentence

The Relative Pronoun can Be used The Relative Pronoun can Be used three ways in a Latin sentence three ways in a Latin sentence

1)1) To introduce a relative clause (with To introduce a relative clause (with an antecedent) an antecedent)

2)2) To introduce an independent clauseTo introduce an independent clause

3)3) To introduce a relative clause To introduce a relative clause (without an antecedent)(without an antecedent)

1)1) Introduce a Relative Clause Introduce a Relative Clause (with an antecedent)(with an antecedent)

A relative clause is dependent (can not be A relative clause is dependent (can not be a sentence by itself)a sentence by itself)

Translate as a form of: Who, Which, That.Translate as a form of: Who, Which, That.

Homo sum, qui terram servabit.Homo sum, qui terram servabit. I am a person, who will save the earth.I am a person, who will save the earth.

*Remember, if you get confused plug in the *Remember, if you get confused plug in the form of your antecedent to find the case of form of your antecedent to find the case of the relative. the relative.

2) Introduce an independent 2) Introduce an independent Clause Clause

An independent clause is a sentence by An independent clause is a sentence by itselfitself

The relative pronoun will look the same The relative pronoun will look the same but must be translated with two ideasbut must be translated with two ideas– The conjunction The conjunction “et”“et” – A form of the Demonstrative (A form of the Demonstrative (Is, Ea,Id)Is, Ea,Id)

*Qui = et is *Qui = et is

Agricola in agris laborabat, Agricola in agris laborabat, quiqui nunc fessus est. nunc fessus est.

Agricola in agris laborabat, Agricola in agris laborabat, etet isis nunc fessus est nunc fessus est

The farmer was working in the fields The farmer was working in the fields andand now now hehe is tired . is tired .

3) Introduce a Relative clause 3) Introduce a Relative clause without an antecedentwithout an antecedent

A relative pronoun may not have an A relative pronoun may not have an antecedent in a Latin sentence, but it antecedent in a Latin sentence, but it must be supplied for it to make sense must be supplied for it to make sense in english.in english.

You will be able to spot these because You will be able to spot these because the Relative will start the sentence.the Relative will start the sentence.

Quae mater bona est, meliorem feminam Quae mater bona est, meliorem feminam erit.erit.

(She) who is a good mother, will be a (She) who is a good mother, will be a better woman. better woman.