Relationship of Cloud Water Budgets to Heating Profile

Calculations

Austin and Houze 1973Houze et al. 1980

Houze 1982

Relationship of Cloud Water Budgets to Heating Profile

Calculations

Austin and Houze 1973Houze et al. 1980

Houze 1982

17-19 May 2006, Seattle

Austin and Houze 1973Houze et al. 1980

PREMISE

Measure rain amount as a function ofradar Echo Heights

--> Large-scale Mass Transport Profile (aka LH)

Austin and Houze 1973Houze et al. 1980

PREMISE

Measure rain amount as a function ofradar Echo Heights

--> Large-scale Mass Transport Profile (aka LH)

Houze 1982

PREMISE

Can also relate eddy & radiative heating profiles to water budget to obtain

latent + eddy + radiative

heating

Houze 1982

PREMISE

Can also relate eddy & radiative heating profiles to water budget to obtain

latent + eddy + radiative

heating

Tropical MCSs inject lots of hydrometeors into upper troposphereTropical MCSs inject lots of hydrometeors into upper troposphere

Idealized life cycle of tropical MCS as proposed by Houze 1982

Conv. LH Strat. LH

Rad.Conv. Eddy Strat. Eddy

Contributions to Total Heating by Convective Cloud System Contributions to Total Heating by Convective Cloud System

TOTAL HEATING

These combine to give “top-heavy” heating profile These combine to give “top-heavy” heating profile

Houze 1982 idealized case

Think of the following schematic as a composite of the water budget of an MCS over its whole life cycle

Think of the following schematic as a composite of the water budget of an MCS over its whole life cycle

After Houze et al. (1980)

AcAs

As

Ac

Csu C

TR

s E

sd A

s

Rs

sC

su C

T E

sda C

su C

T A

sb C

su C

T where

s a b 1

Stratiform water budget equation

Rain not simply related to condensation

As

Rs

sC

su C

T E

sda C

su C

T A

sb C

su C

T where

s a b 1error

Cloud radar As

Precip radar Rs

Doppler & soundings As, Csu, CT

Water budget parameters could be measured

As

Ac

CcuR

c E

cd A

c C

T

Convective region water budget equation

R Rci

i

Ccu

Ccui

i

Ecd

Ecdi

i

CT C

Tii

Ac A

cii

Rci

iC

ci

Esdi

iC

ci

Aci

iC

ci

CTi

iC

ci

i

i

i

i1

As

Ac

Sum over all cloud height categories i

For each height category i

with the constraint

(each height cat.)

As

Ac

XACXAC

ZAC

ZAS

Dimensions and hydrometeor content of anvils are determined by the cloud dynamics and are

related to the radiative heating profiles

***

** **

SummarySummary

•Latent, eddy, and radiative heating are interrelated through the water budget of the precipitating cloud system.

•Profiles of latent heating estimated by spectral methods are not independent of eddy and radiative heating profiles.

•Water budget parameters can be used to establish the internal consistency of latent eddy and radiative heating profiles.

•Latent, eddy, and radiative heating are interrelated through the water budget of the precipitating cloud system.

•Profiles of latent heating estimated by spectral methods are not independent of eddy and radiative heating profiles.

•Water budget parameters can be used to establish the internal consistency of latent eddy and radiative heating profiles.

Thank you!

Extra Slides:

In TWP-ICE we are subdividing the anvil into mixed and ice anvils

13˚S

11˚S

12˚S

130˚E 132˚E131˚E

60534639322518114

dBZ

20 January 2006 0000UTC

6 km

13˚S

11˚S

12˚S

130˚E 132˚E131˚E

60534639322518114

dBZ

20 January 2006 0900UTC

6 km

13˚S

11˚S

12˚S

130˚E 132˚E131˚E

60

53

46

39

32

25

18

11

4

dBZ20 January 2006 1800UTC

6 km

Example from TWP-ICE

dBZ20

220019Jan06

000020Jan06

020020Jan06

040020Jan06

060020Jan06

080020Jan06

100020Jan06

120020Jan06

140020Jan06

160020Jan06

180020Jan06

200020Jan06

28

21

14

7

0

-7

-14

-21

-28

ATTENUATED

Hei

gh

t (k

m)

4

8

12

16

0

Cloud Radar

Precipitation Radar

TWP-ICE Precipitation

Radar Rain Rate(~20 % stratiform)

TWP-ICE Cloud Radar Anvil Frequency

Longer-term records of the water budget parameters also are being derived.

Figures here are for duration of TWP-ICE.

This will also be done for a longer-term climatology.

We will use cloud & precipitation radars permanently located at Darwin.

Could use empirically derived water budget parameters b and s, to

estimate the stratiform regions’ anvil mass proportional to the SF rain:

As =(bRs)/s

Could use empirically derived water budget parameters b and s, to

estimate the stratiform regions’ anvil mass proportional to the SF rain:

As =(bRs)/s

200 hPa streamfunction response to CRF assumed proportional to TRMM rain by Schumacher et al. (2004)

400 hPaK/day

Looking at it the other way around: Whatever latent heating budget is derived from the TRMM precip info must be internally consistent with the

radiative heating profiles

Looking at it the other way around: Whatever latent heating budget is derived from the TRMM precip info must be internally consistent with the

radiative heating profiles

For example For example