20 Spring2010 21st Century Science & Technology

MaxPlanckbeganhisseriesoflectureson thermodynamics in 1909 by as-sertingthatscienceisthesystematic

investigation of sense perceptions. Our con-ceptsofbasicprinciples,likeforce,comefromthosesenses.Thetaskofscience“consistsonlyintherelatingofsenseperceptions,inaccor-dancewithexperience, tofixed laws.”Thoselawswere,themselves,alwaysbroughtcloserandcloserintolinewithexperience.

But,thisdescriptionwasonlyatrapfortheunsuspecting,forPlanckthenmadeanabout-

face,andasserted,“Ladiesandgen-tlemen,thisviewhasnevercontrib-uted to any advance in physics.”Relating the sense perceptions tooneanotherwithmathematics,andpulling logical derivations out ofthoserelations,canbequiteinterest-ing,butthiscouldnever,initself,de-rive a new discovery of principle.The generation of new knowledgeabout the universe comes from aworld different from that of senseperception,butonetowhichthehu-manmindhasaccess.

Planck’s target in thesespeeches was the so-called“positivist”movement.Sincethetimehehypothesizedtheexistenceofthequantumofaction, these anti-reason“brownshirts” asserted thatall knowledge must comeonlyfromthatwhichismea-surable.Further,ifsomepro-cesswerenotproven tobemeasurable, then that pro-cess could not even exist.Therefore,thatworldPlanckreferenced,asthedomainofhumancreativity,couldnotexist.

Thedebateabouttheexis-tence of such principleswhich guide physical phe-nomena, and their know-ability, has raged until thepresentday,withthepositiv-ists seemingly gaining theupperhand.1However,thereisnowbrewingarevolutioninscience,ledbyLyndonH.LaRouche, Jr., which willsweep thismental infectionaway.

This revolution is classedunder the broad name ofCosmic Radiation, which is

the investigation of the relationship betweenwhat Russian Academician Vladimir I. Ver-nadskycalled“livingmatter,”andthatenergeticcosmic phenomenon today known under thebroadnameofcosmicradiation.Ifournationaltravesty, the British agent called PresidentObama,isremovedfromofficebeforeheand

�. For example, although the experiments that can now be performed with CERN’s Large Hadron Collider will produce extremely valuable data, the scientists analyzing it will be crippled if they assume a positivist viewpoint.

Towards a New Periodic Table Of Cosmic RadiationbyPeterMartinson

NOAA

NorthernlightsoverAlaska.TheauroraborealisresultsfromthecollisionandionizationofsolarwindparticlesastheyareacceleratedalongtheEarth’smagneticfieldlines.Theauroracolorsaredeterminedbywhetheroxygenornitrogenatomsareinvolved.

True knowledge comes from the human mind, not sense perceptions, and it is this creative process that will lead us to an understanding of cosmic radiation and life processes.

21st Century Science & Technology Spring2010 21

hiscontrollerscandismantleAmeri-ca’s last footholdon true, immortalscience,theAmericanmannedspaceprogram,wewillsoonbepresentedwiththechallengesofamannedmis-sion to Mars, embarking from thesurface of a soon-to-be-industrial-izedMoon.

As LaRouche has emphasized,along with others who know whatthey’re talking about, this requiresthe consideration of acceleratedpaths between these two bodies,withinSolarspace.Thesensesofthepositivists say that this interveningspaceisempty.Thetravellersonthatfusion-powered,acceleratingflotillawill say that that space is, indeed,anythingbutempty.Itisasemptyastheopenocean,uponwhichhumannavigators have mapped out ship-pingroutesoutsideofwhichitisei-therdangerous,orevenimpossible,totravel.Whatmakesupthisopenocean of interplanetary space, andhowwillitmanifestitselftoourac-celeratingdescendants?

Positivists,andkindredopponentsofreason,beware!Thestudyofcos-mic radiationwill soon renderyouanhistorickidneystone,passed,onhumanity’smissiontothestars!

Inthisbriefreport,Iwillde-finecosmic radiation in termsof the problems posed byPlanck,Einstein,andtheircol-laborators, and then describesome of the areas of clear re-searchopportunities,andsomepotentialexperimentstobecar-riedout.

A milestone reached in thisnew field of research, will betheenhancementandelabora-tionofanewperiodicsystemoftheuniverse.Inthesecondhalfof the 19th Century, DmitriMendeleyevappliedhisgeniustotheconstructionofaPeriod-icTable,whichallowedhimtoforecast the existence of thenundiscovered,butpotentialel-ements. Since his death, thattable has been expanded, buthas always remained valid. Inthe same way, Johann Sebas-tianBach’swell-temperedsys-tem of counterpoint has re-mained the standard, up

through the compositions of Jo-hannes Brahms and RobertSchumann,inawaythatopenedupawholeworldofpossiblemodesofcommunicationinmusic.InsteadofthrowingMendeleyev’sPeriodicTa-bleaway,itisnowtimetoseeitasbeingsubsumedbyalargersystem,called Cosmic Radiation, withwhich the present state of humanunderstandingispregnant.

What Is Cosmic Radiation?First,let’sgetasummaryofwhat

wemeanby“cosmicradiation.”Asastartingpoint,Vernadskydi-

videstheuniverseintomaterialphe-nomenaandenergeticphenomena.Energetic phenomena, themselves,aregenerallyinvisibletothesenses,althoughtheireffectsareverysen-sible. They include the variousfields—the electric, magnetic, andgravitationalfieldsfoundintheSo-larSystemandelsewhere—andalsotheelectromagneticradiations,cov-ering the entire spectrum of fre-quencies.Material phenomena in-cludewhathappenswhenyourunintoatree.Also,theelaborationofcrystalstructure,and thechemicalpropertiesof thegeneralphasesof

Pat Rawlings/NASA

AfirststopininterplanetarytravelwillbetheMoon,fromwherethefuturejourneystoMarswillbelaunched.ButbeforetheMarsmission,wemustlearnmoreaboutcosmicradiation.Here,anartist’sdrawingofaMooncolony,withalunarminingfacilitythatharvestsoxygenfromtheresource-richvolcanicsoiloftheeasternMareSerenitatis.

MaxPlanck(left)presentsAlbertEinsteinwiththeMax-Planckmedal,Berlin,in1929.Planckestab-lishedaprofessorshipforEinsteinin1914,whenPlanckwasdeanoftheUniversityofBerlin,andthetwoanti-positivistscientistsplayedmusicto-gether.

22 Spring2010 21st Century Science & Technology

matter,constitutematerialphenom-ena.Thus, thecosmic raysdiscov-eredbyVictorHess,beingthehigh-velocitynucleiofall theatomsonthePeriodicTable,wouldbeclassedasmaterialphenomena.

Ourownbiological senseappa-ratus isdesigned tobesensitive totheinteractionbetweenthematerialandenergetic.Forexample,asyoureadthispage,whichisamaterialbody, light is reflecting off of thepage into your eyes.Your eyes donot,themselves,perceivelight,butperceiveapagewithwordswrittenon it. The light transmits a signalfromthepage,toreceptorsinyoureyes,whichthenconvertthesignalintoadifferentform,whichcanthenbetransportedtoyourbrain.There,yourmindhastheopportunitytoin-terpret the signal—which itselfprobablybearslittleopticalresem-blancetowhatyouthinkthispagelooks like! But, the energetic lightsignal,whichcannotitselfbeseen,

Vernadsky’s tomb at the NovodiévitchiCemeterynearMoscow,wheremanyfa-mousRussianfiguresareburied.

DmitriMendeleyevin1897.Hisgeniuscre-atedthePeriodicTableoftheElements,whichremainsvalidtoday.

FIGURE 1The Periodic Table of the Elements

EachcolumnofthismodernPeriodicTablecontainselementsthathavesimilarchemicalproperties.Thisamazinglyinsightfulconstructionwillbesubsumed,soon,byamorecomprehensivetable,whichwillincludethelivingandcognitivedomains.

21st Century Science & Technology Spring2010 23

registerstheexistenceofthematerialobjectbeforeyou,tothematerialobjectofyourbiologicalsenses.

Theconcepts“material”and“energetic”are thuswellde-fined.Materialisthestuffyoucansense,andenergeticiswhyyoucansenseit.Energeticphenomenaaregenerallycontinu-ous, while material phenomena are generally discrete.Whowouldmistakethelightemittedfromalightbulb,forthelightbulbitself?

But,arethesetwoconceptsreallysowelldefined?

Thefundamental,andmoststudied,oftheso-called energetic phenomena, is light.SuchscientistsasChristiaanHuygens,Thom-asYoung, andAugustin-JeanFresnel estab-lishedthatlightisnotcomposedofparticlesshooting in straight lines, but represents awavemotion.Thiswasprofoundlydemon-stratedinexperimentsontheinterferenceofthelightwaves(seebox,p.24).Thisconceptrequired(andstilldoes,inthisauthor’sopin-ion)amaterialsubstrateinwhichthewavescanbecomemanifest,inmuchthewaythatwaterwavesnecessitatetheexistenceofwa-ter.Withoutthewater,whatwouldbewav-ing?Hence, lightspreadsasaspace-fillingwave structure, and is thus continuous inspace,neverhavingaspecificlocation.Any“points”oflightrepresentaneventofcon-structiveinterferenceamongwaves.

But,whenMaxPlanckdecided toworkoutthelawsgoverningthetypesofradiationthatareemittedbyaheatedbody, thefre-quencyofwhichdependsuponitstempera-ture,hehadtogivethissupposedlycontinu-ous phenomenon of light a discrete form.

Heshowedthat,inthetransformationoftheactionofmaterialoscillationintothatofelectromagneticradiation,therewasasmallest amount of action that could be thus transformed,whichhecalledthequantum.Itisasif,whenyoupresstheac-celeratorofyourcar,youhavetopressdownuntilyou’regivingenoughgastogo1mileperhour,andyourcarinstantaneouslyachievesthatspeed,neverhavinggoneahalfmileperhour!Thesmallestamountofenergythatcouldbetransferredbythe

Courtesy of Victor Hess papers, Fordham University Library.

Thediscovererofcosmicradiation,VictorHess(center)demonstratinghiscosmicrayapparatustostudentsatFordhamUniversity,wherehewasaprofessorofphys-icsfrom1938tohisdeathin1964.

Portrait by Bernard Vaillant

ChristiaanHuygens(1629-1695)

Engraving by Ambroise Tardieu

Augustin-JeanFresnel(1788-1827)

Painting by Sir Thomas Lawrence

ThomasYoung(1773-1829)

Huygens,Young,andFresnelestablishedthatlightisnotcomposedofparticlesinstraightlines,butrepresentsawavemotion(seebox,p.24).

24 Spring2010 21st Century Science & Technology

Two-Slit InterferenceWavephenomenaarecharacterizedbywhatiscalled“in-

terference.”Transversewaves, suchas thoseproducedonthe surface of water, are composed of both peaks andtroughs. If twowavescrosseachother, theheightsof thewaves“add” toeachother, insuchaway that twopeakscrossing will produce a wave whose height is enhanced,while a peak crossing a trough will produce one whoseheightisdiminished.Ifonewaveencountersabarrierwithtwoholes,eachholewillbecomethesourceofanewsetofwaves,andthustwowavesetswillpropagateontheothersideofthebarrier.Ifascreenissetupfartheronthatside,thewaveswillproduceaninterferencepattern.

Intheimageshownhere,drawnbyThomasYoung,twosetsofwaterwavesemanatefromtheslitsatAandB.Eachofthecirclesdrawnrepresentsapeakofacircularwave.Atthefarendisascreen.BetweenpointsDandEisthetallestwave,betweenC-DandE-Fareshortertallwaves,andsoforth.But,atpointsC, D, E,andF, thewavescompletelycanceleachother.

Abeamoflightpassedthroughtwothinslitswillalsopro-ducesuchapatternonascreen.Thus,itwashypothesizedthatthelightmusthavethesamewavecharacteristicsaswa-ter.Thisopenedupthequestion,though,astowhat,exactly,waswaving?

—Peter Martinson

ThomasYoung’ssketchofwaveinterference.Eachseriesofcurvesrepresentsawavepeak,andwherewavepeakscrossisahighpointofconstructiveinterference.

Constructive Destructive

radiation was proportional to its frequency. Hence, at verysmallscales,light,andallotherenergeticphenomena,hadthepropertiesofadiscretepart—thecontinuityof thissupposedwavephenomenonhadbrokendown.

AlthoughtherewasanattempttoignorePlanck’shypothesis,experimentsaroundtheworldbegantoresultinparadoxesofexactlytheformheforecast.Finally,Einsteinbrokethestand-offin1905,whenhedemonstratedthatthephotoelectriceffectcould be efficiently explained, if it were assumed that lighttransferedenergytotheejectedelectronsintheformofquan-tumpackets.Astheintensityofthelightwasincreased,noin-creaseinthekineticenergyof theejectedelectronswasob-served.Hence,eachelectronwasgivenaspecificamountof

kick, which coincided with an individual quantum transfer.Thatamountofkickwouldonlychangeifthefrequencyofthelightwerechanged.

So,herewasoneexampleofanenergeticphenomenon,act-ingasadiscreteobject.

Whataboutmatter?Asimilarcategoryofparadoxwaspop-pingupalloverthestudyofatomicphenomena,specificallyinthespectraoftheelementsandtheirisotopesandions.LouisdeBroglietookfromPlanckthehypothesisthattheuniverseishar-monicallyorganized,anddeterminedawavestructureforele-mentaryparticles,suchastheelectron.Heforecastthatabeamofelectronsfocussedonathincrystal—thedistancebetweenwhoseatom-pointswascomparabletothe“wavelength”ofthe

21st Century Science & Technology Spring2010 25

electronbeam—wouldproduceaninter-ferencepatternontheotherside,analo-goustolightinterference,andthenhecal-culatedthecharacteristicsofthatpattern.Theexperimentwasperformedwithsuchabeamofelectrons,andexactlytheresultforecastbydeBrogliewasobtained.Thus,all matter, including the lowly electron,has wave characteristics, just like lightandallotherenergeticphenomena.

If electrons, supposedly tiny particles,canbeinducedtoactlikenon-localizedwavephenomena,thenwhatexactlyarethey? Indeed, what is matter itself, andhowisitdifferentfromenergeticphenom-ena? Ifbothmaterialandenergeticphe-nomenahave thecharacteristicsofbothcorpuscles and space-filling wave func-tions, then how can it be said that thespace between planets, which is filledwithanenormousvarietyofradiation,isempty?Itisasemptyasyourtypicaluni-versityphysicsprofessor’shead!

The New Periodic TableThisconsiderationmusttaketheformofacentralthemein

theinvestigationofcosmicradiation,anditsinteractionwithlife.OrganismsonourEartharenotopportunistic,hyperactivecombinationsofdeadchemicals.Theyrepresenttheorganizedexpressionofauniversalphaseofphysicalspace-time,withinwhichmatter functionsdifferently than in theabioticphase.Doessuchlivingmatteralsohaveanopportunitytomanifestbothfieldandcorpuscularcharacteristics?Ormustlivingmat-tertakeabackseattothequantumparadoxesthathavetorturedthepositivistsforthepasthundredyears?IthinkthatwouldbeveryinsultingtoanentirephaseoftheCreator’suniverse!

Atthesametime,theprocessofphotosynthesisisonlyone,albeitaveryimportantone,ofmanyaspectsoftheinteractionbetween living matter and cosmicradiation.Areasofinvestigationwillbedescribedbelow,whichdemon-stratethatthisinteractionisperhapsthe dominant expression of life intheuniverse.Indeed,itmayturnouttobeincorrecttodiscuss“theinter-actionoflifeandcosmicradiation,”insteadof,simply,“cosmiclifepro-cesses.”InsteadofviewingtheBio-sphere as some separate entitywhich interacts with cosmic phe-nomena,itverywellmightbemoreaccurate toviewcosmicradiation,generallyanduniversally,asanas-pectoflifeintheuniverse,andthuslife on Earth is itself inseparablefromtheseradiations.Asoneofmycollaboratorsrecentlyexpressedit,investigating life by shielding itfrom various radiations, could be

likeinvestigatingawhirlpoolbyshield-ingitfromwater.

Cosmicradiationcanbedividedintocategories, such as the various fields(electric, magnetic, gravitational, mor-phogenetic, etc.), the domains of theelectromagneticspectrum(radio,micro-wave,infrared,visible,ultraviolet,X-ray,gammaray,etc.),andso-calledenergeticparticles(cosmicrays,radioactivedecayproducts,etc.).Itisalsonecessarytosub-sumeeachofthesecategoriesbythedo-main of action, in terms ofVernadsky’sthreephasespaces:theabiotic,theBio-sphere,andtheNoösphere.Forexample,ultravioletlight(UV)isactiveonapurelychemicalbasis,inthebreakingofchemi-calbonds;but it isalsoactive in livingprocesses,suchasinthevisionofmanyinsects;anditisalsousedbymaninhisstudy of various organic systems, likechlorophyll, through UV fluorescenceexperiments.Thesethreetypesofeventsmustbeclassedasdifferentphases, al-thoughofthesamewavelengthranges.

Starting from here, we can begin to build up harmoniesamongsetsofelements.InthetraditionofMendeleyev’snote-cardmethod,wecanbeginamassingpropertiesofthecata-logof radiations, including their relations toboth livingandcognitivephasesofspace-time.Mendeleyevcreatedata-bleofelements,arrangingtheirascendingmassesaccordingtothecharacteristicpropertiestheyexhibitinchemistry.

His table was incomplete, as Mendeleyev himself wouldreadilypointoutwerehealivetoday.Forexample,thereisnoconvenientwaytorepresenttheexpandingarmadaofisotopesinthistable;muchlessisthereawayofshowinghoweachele-mentorisotopecameintobeing.TheAmericanphysicalchem-istWilliamDraperHarkinstookissuewiththisin1917,bynot-

Louis de Broglie (1892-1987) tookPlanck’s hypothesis that the universe isharmonicallyorganized,anddeterminedawavestructureforelementaryparticles.

FIGURE 2The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Liferespondstoallwavelengthsoftheelectromagneticspectrum.

19

3 33 35 37 39 311 313 3150

17 15 13 1 1–1 1–3 1–5

VISIBLE

wavelength (meters)

frequency (hertz)

26 Spring2010 21st Century Science & Technology

ing that the cosmic abundances of theelementsvaryinsuchawaythattheeven-numberedelementsarefarmoreabundantthantheodd.Heconcluded,rightly,thattheabundancesarenotdeterminedbymass,butby“factorsin-volvedintheformationanddisintegrationoftheatoms.”Thus,thereisnorepresentationinMendeleyev’stableyet,oftheevo-lutionofisotopes,throughthestagesofsundryradioactivede-cayseries.

Mendeleyev’sstudent,Vernadsky,hypothesized thatanewsystemoforganizingtheelementscouldbedeveloped,ifthedistributionofmineralsintheEarth’scrustbylivingprocessesweretakenasacrucialproperty.VernadskycriticizedAmericangeochemist FrankWigglesworth Clarke’s wonderful tables ofgeochemistryforexactlythisomission,andforassumingthatthedistributionsweremerelygeochemical,insteadofbiogeo-chemical.2ThisstrategywasenhancedbytherecognitionthatorganismsintheBiosphereactivelyselectspecificisotopesoftheelements,whichimpliestheabilityoflifetoselectonthebasisofsomecriteriaotherthansimplychemical.Anewtablemustthusreflectthedominantrolethatlivingprocessesplayinthemotionsandtransformationsofallmatter.

Wegoastepfurther.Alllivingprocessesdepend,fundamen-tally,onthecatalogofcosmicradiation,asdemonstratedpro-foundlybyphotosynthesis.Therefore,thePeriodicTableitselfcanandwillbereorganizedintoanewsystem,whichtakesascrucialelementsthoseeffectsofthetransformationofcosmicradiationwithin the threephase spacesof theuniverse—the

2. Vernadsky also hypothesized that the granite bedrock of continents, which floats atop the denser basalt layers forming ocean bedrock, was generated by living processes. A manned mission to Mars, beginning with industrialization of the Moon, will be necessary to determine whether or not granite even exists on other planetary bodies. As yet, none has been found. See, for example, Rosing, et al. (200�).

abiotic,living,andwillfulcognition.Mendeleyev’sworkwasextremelyimportant,butwasnecessarilyboundedbythecon-temporarystateofexperimentalwork.Morethanonecenturylater,wearenowpoisedtoincludewhatseemsliketherestoftheuniverse.Inthisway,asLaRouchehasdescribedit,wecannowbegintogetthisuniverseorganized.

The Shape of LifeToconclude,letuslookatoneexampleof“CosmicLifePro-

cesses,”withthepromisethattherewillbealotmoretocomeintheadvancingweeksandmonths.

Russian molecular biologistAlexander Gurwitsch demon-stratedthatmitosisincells,duringthedevelopmentalstageoftheorganism,canbeinducedthroughinteractionwithothercellsinactivemitosisphases.Hediscoveredthatthiseffectiscausedbytheemissionofradiationfromonecelltoanother,thewavelengthofwhichhefoundtobethatofultravioletlight.Henamedthisphenomenonmitogeneticradiation(“M-rays”).Later,hewentontodemonstratethatthemitosisofcellswasaffected,spatially,bytheothermitosingcellsintheenviron-ment.Hecarriedouttheseexperimentsunderthehypothesisthatthereexistedamorphogeneticfield,whichwasanalogoustothefieldsfoundinphysics,butwasnotanyoneofthem.Heproposedthatthestudyofthisfield,whichwasuniquelybio-logical,wouldenlargeourunderstandingoffieldsingeneral.

Gurwitsch’sM-raysareboundtoveryspecificwavelengths.Outsidethatrange,thereisclearevidenceofamore-or-lessbehavioralinfluenceonlivingorganismsfromothercategoriesof cosmic radiation, under the topic of Circadian Rhythms.AmericanbiologistFrankBrown’sexperimentsdidnotneces-

William Draper Harkins (1873-1951), aphysicalchemistattheUniversityofChi-cago,notedthatthecosmicabundancesof theelementsvarysuchthat theeven-numbered elements are far more abun-dantthantheodd-numberedones.

AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF THE LITHOSPHERE

Source: Source: Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, TheDataofGeochemistry, (Washington, D.C.: The U.S. Geological Survey, �9��), p. �2.

OneofFrankWigglesworthClarke’stablesofgeochemistry.

21st Century Science & Technology Spring2010 27

sarily revealmorphologicalchanges,but these rhythms

apparently registered all energetic phenomena, includingelectricandmagneticfields,cosmicrays,andextremesintheelectromagneticspectrum(suchasgammarays).Besidessim-plebehavioraleffects,reproductivecyclesarealsodrivenbylunar,annual,andothercosmiccycles.

Oneclearhintatamodeofdirectactioncomesfromade-scriptionbyRussianbiologistVladimirVoeikovofA.A.Ko-zlov’swork,whichdemonstratedthationizingradiationcouldbenecessaryforthedivisionofcells.Gurwitsch’sM-raysareintheultravioletrange,betweenabout3electronvoltsand100electronvolts.Kozlovpointedoutthat,ifabetaparticleexceeds263,000eVinwater,itwillproduceCerenkovradia-tion,whichisabout4-5eV—rightatthelowend,andthusthesweetspot,ofmitosis-drivingM-rays.Hence,ifagammaraycouldenterthecellandtriggerabetadecayfromoneoftheatomsthere,thiswouldgeneratepotentialM-rays,andthusdriveamitosis.Theexperimenthasnotyetbeencarriedout, tomyknowledge,but itpresentsaclearavenuedownwhich the development of the Biosphere could be driven,weretheCreatoroftheuniversesoinclined.

TheseM-rayscouldbeinducedinanotherway—bycosmicrays.ThePierreAugerObservatoryinArgentinadetectstheairshowerscausedbycosmicraysintwoways.First,barrelsofwaterprovideanenvironmentinwhichthesecondaryparti-clesoftheairshowercanmovefasterthanlight,whichpro-duces Cerenkov radiation.There is every reason to assumethat, inside a cell, these secondaries produce a Cerenkovevent,andthusM-rays.Second,theprimariescausenitrogenintheatmospheretoproducesub-ozonelayerultravioletra-diation,whichcan reachup to4wattson theground.ThiscouldalsobeapotentialsourceofM-rays.3

�. This process, specifically, draws again into consideration the importance of the creation and maintenance of the Earth’s atmosphere, which has the ability to convert high-energy cosmic rays into forms that are usable by organisms in morphogenesis.

While this is not proof that mor-phogenesis is driven from outerspace, it provides a very importantmode of connection between theprocessesindistantsystems,suchasthe Crab Nebula, with life here onEarth.HerewehavearichterritoryofexperimenttofilloutpartofournewPeriodicTable,underthecategoryofUltraviolet Radiation in the Bio-sphere.

A New Understanding of Our Universe

Humancivilizationisonthebrinkof a new understanding of its uni-verse.Theeffectsofcosmicradiationwillsoonberecognizedtoimpactvir-tually all aspects of scientific work.But, the recognition of this truth re-quirestheoverthrowofthenow-dom-

inantpositionthatthepositivistoutlookhasheldoverscience.WemustreturntoPlanck’spolemicagainstthepositivists,thathumanreasondoesnotlieintheworldofsenseperceptions,butinahigher,unsensedworld.

ThisconcepttodayseesitsmostdevelopedstateintheideasofLyndonLaRouche,whohasassertedtheprimacyofascienceof

Alexander Gurwitsch (1874-1954),aRussianmolecularbi-ologist,demonstratedthatplantcellsinmitosisareaffectedbyothercells in theenvironmentthatareundergoingmitosis,anexpressionofaphenomenonhecalledmitogeneticradiation.

ORNL

Amicrographshowingcondensedchromosomesinblue and the mitotic spindle in green during pro-metaphaseofmitosis.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission

RussianbiologistVladimirVoeikov,whotranslatedGurwitsch’sworkandcontinuedhisresearch,reportsontheworkofA.A.Kozlov and mitogenetic radiation. Kozlov’s research demon-strates thatCerenkov radiation, theblue lightproducedbyabetaparticleexceeding263,000eVinwater,possesesjustaboutthesameenergyinelectronvoltsasmitogeneticradiation,sug-gestingthatbetadecayfromagammarayhittingacellcoulddrivemitosis.Here,Cerenkovradiationinaresearchreactor.

28 Spring2010 21st Century Science & Technology

physicaleconomy,overallotherphysicalsciences.Itisinthedomainofthatscience,thatthepropertiesofhumancognitionare studiedasawillful,causal representationofwhatcanbecalledcosmiccreation.Acoreofthebuddingphysicalecono-mist’scurriculum,isthestudyofthecreativeprocessesofahu-manmind,asrepresentedinspecificcasesofscientificdiscov-ery.Itisthoseprocesses,whichthephysicaleconomistmustseektoprovoke,promote,anddefendinthedesignofpublicpolicy.

Assuch,theearliestlessoninacourseofphysicaleconom-ics,isthatabsolutelynoknowledgeisderivedfromsenseper-ceptions,butthoseperceptionsmustratherbeassumedtobefraudulent—inaverylawfulway.Trueknowledgecomesfromthehumanmind,whichusesthosesensesaswhatLaRoucheterms“instrumentation,”theparadoxicaljuxtapositionofwhichmustbedecipheredbythecreativemind.Inthesameway,askillfullawyerwillpittwoobviouslylyingwitnessesintoargu-mentagainsteachother,inordertomakeobviouswherethetruthdoesn’treside.But,thoselyingsenseperceptions,takenbythemselves,canneverbeusedtomathematicallypredictanas-yet-unknown, causal phenomenon. Only an hypothesis,generatedbythecreativeindividualworker,informedthroughtheerrorsinherentinseveralsenseperceptions,hasthatpredic-tivequality.

This is thewayall future scientistsmust think, inorder tomakesenseofourgrowinguniverse.

Peter Martinson is a member of the LaRouche Youth Move-

ment’s “basement” team. peter.j.martison@gmail.comReferences ____________________________________F. Brown, “Living Clocks,” Science, Vol. ��0 (�959).Alexander Gurwitsch and Lydia Gurwitsch, “Twenty Years of Mitogenetic Radiation: Emergence, Development, and Per-spectives,” translated by Vladimir Voeikov and Lev Belouss-ov, 21stCenturyScience&Technology, Fall �999, p. ��.William Draper Harkins, “The Structure of Atoms,” Science, Vol. ��, No. ��92, p. ��9, (�9�7).————, “The Structure of Atoms II,” Science, Vol. ��, No. ��9�, p. ���, (�9�7).Lyndon LaRouche, “The Escape from Hilbert’s ‘Zeta’ ‘X’: Mapping the Cosmos,” EIR, March �9, 20�0Max Planck, EightLecturesonTheoreticalPhysics, trans-lated by A.P. Wills (New York: Columbia University Press, �9�5).M. Rosing, D. Bird, N. Sleep, W. Glassley, F. Albarede, “The Rise of Continents—an Essay on the Geological Conse-quences of Photosynthesis,” Palaeogeography,Palaeocli-matology,Palaeoecology; Vol. 2�2, p. 99 (200�).Vladimir Vernadsky, “On Some Fundamental Problems of Biogeochemistry,” 21st Century Science & Technology, Winter 2005-200�, p. �9. http://www.2�stcenturysciencetech.com/200�_articles/Biogeochemistry.pdf________, “Problems of Biogeochemistry II: On the Funda-mental Material-Energetic Distinction Between Living and Nonliving Natural Bodies of the Biosphere,” 21stCenturyScience&Technology, Winter 2000-0�, p. 20. http://www.2�stcenturysciencetech.com/translations/ProblemsBiogeo chemistry.pdf________, “On the States of Physical Space,” 21stCenturyScience&Technology, Winter 2007-08, p. �0. http://www.2�stcenturysciencetech.com/Articles%202008/States_of_Space.pdfInterview with Prof. Vladimir Voeikov, 21stCenturyScience&Technology, Spring 2000, p. 58.On the Fight Around the Quantum:Guido Bacciagaluppi, and Antony Valentini, QuantumThe-oryattheCrossroads:Reconsideringthe1927SolvayCon-ference (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009).

Louis de Broglie, “Wave Nature of the Electron,” Nobel Prize Lecture, �929 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/�929/index.html

Albert Einstein, “On a Heuristic Point of View about the Creation and Conversion of Light,” AnnalenderPhysik, Vol. �7, p. ��2 (�905).

Max Planck, “On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum,” An-nalen der Physik, Vol. �, p. 55� (�90�).

Pierre Auger Observatory

Gurwitsch’smitogeneticradiationcouldalsobeinducedbycosmicrays.ThePierreAugerObservatorydetectscosmicraysbyusingsensitivelightsensorstoobservethefaintfluorescencecausedbycollisionsofcosmicrayshowerswithairmoleculesintheatmosphere,asshownintheillustration.TheObser-vatoryhas1,600particledetectorsspaceduniformlyover3,000squarekilo-meterstorecordcosmicrayshowers.

LyndonLaRouche,whoinitatedtheCosmicRayProject,putshumancreativityatthecenterofphysicaleconomy.Here,aseminarwithLaRoucheYouthMovementmembersinEurope.