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Counselors create working partnerships
to help clients grow their dreams into tangible realities.
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 2
An ideal therapeutic relationship includes:
Congruence and genuineness
Unconditional positive regard and acceptance
Accurate empathic understanding
Corey, G., (2009). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. Cengage Learning
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 3
Validation is important in forming a working alliance as well as:
Teaching new skills
Attentive body language and non-verbal behavior
Guidance and challenging
Bedi, R.P., (2006). Concept mapping: the client’s perspective on counseling alliance formation Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53:1 pp. 26-35
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 4
Validation
Education
Nonverbal gestures
Presentation and body language
Guidance and challenging
Referrals and recommended materials
Honesty
Emotional Support and Care
Session Administration
Clients personal responsibility
Setting
Bedi, R.P., (2006). Concept mapping: the client’s perspective on counseling alliance formation
Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53:1 pp. 26-35
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 5
I plan to:
Observe carefully and listen actively
Avoid assumptions
Value personal choice and self determination no matter what level of disability
Learn what clients have to teach about their life journeys
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 6
Skilled helping starts by asking clients to tell their story -
What does the big picture look like to them?
Gerard Egan
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 7
Use a mix of tuning in, listening, empathy, probing, and summarizing.
Respect their perspective on their own story.
Help clients talk about their past as it relates to the present.
Look for experiences, thoughts, feelings and behavior.
Egan, G., (2010). The Skilled Helper: A problem-Management and Opportunity-development approach to helping
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 9
Skilled helpers encourage clients to reframe problems –
Look for opportunities
Challenge unused strengths
How has the experience of disability affected their lives?
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 10
What does it mean to them to have a disability?
What experiences, thoughts, and feelings have they had as a consequence of having a disability?
How is this style of thinking working for them?
Would they consider thinking of it in a new way?
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 11
The new vision for people with disabilities:
Independence, productivity, self-determination, integration, and inclusion
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 12
Self-determination – the practice of individuals with intellectual disabilities making important decisions in their lives
Productivity – the value of work or study in peoples lives and receiving appropriate wages for that work
14Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011
Integration – contrasts with segregation. It can focus on bringing the behavior and appearance of people with disabilities more in line with community norms
Inclusion – the inclusion of all people into the community; society creates supports that allow people to be themselves
16Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011
Skilled helpers assist people to think about their preferred future -
and then nurture that vision.
Gerard Egan
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 17
Help clients set goals they can visualize as pieces of a larger picture.
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 18
Each step in the job seeking and skill building process may seem scary -
So skilled helpers need to create opportunities for clients to move from “I can’t” to “I can”.
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 19
Self-mastery - performance accomplishments
Learning by observation - vicarious experiences
Encouragement – verbal persuasion
Emotional experiences - emotional arousal
O’Sullivan, D., & Strauser, D.R., (2007), Operationalizing Self-Efficacy, Related Social Cognitive Variables, and Moderating Effects , Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, vol.52, no.4.
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 20
Ensure clients have the skills they need –
decision making and goal setting, as well as vocational skills
Provide encouragement
Use success as a reinforcer
Use interventions that fit client learning styles
Egan, G., (2010). The Skilled Helper: A problem-Management and Opportunity-development approach to helping
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 21
Ideally as clients accomplish each step, they grow in pride and self-worth,
self-efficacy, and self-determination.
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 22
Maintaining progress comes from watering the garden
Help clients plan adequate support to reach their goals
Financial
Emotional
Physical
Educational
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 23
“The existential view of human nature is captured, in part, by the notion that the significance of our existence is never fixed once and for all; rather we continually re-create ourselves through our projects.”
GerardCorey
Anne Barnwell March 30, 2011 24