Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Designing residential fire safety &the challenging area of extra care facilities
21st January 2015
Andy NicholsonBEng, Mst, CEng, MIFireE
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Agenda
About the Fire Surgery
Fire statistics
Residential fire safety design
Extra care facilities
Case study
Summary
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
About The Fire Surgery
Small Fire Engineering design consultancy based in the City of LondonThe company commenced trading in October 2011 18 years experience in multidisciplinary firmsWe specialise in designing unique fire strategiesPrincipal author of BS 9999
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Residential Fire Statistics
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
The general approach
Prescriptive Guidance
Approved Document B ‘Fire safety’
B1 – Means of warning and escapeB2 – Internal fire spread (linings)B3 – Internal fire spread (structure)B4 – External fire spreadB5 – Access and facilities for the fire service
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Evacuation Principal
Defend in Place - only the apartment of fire origin will escape. All other residents remain in place within their fire protected apartment.
The associated active and passive measures within the building, such as periods of fire resistance and the type of fire alarm and detection systems are therefore derived to support this concept.
Mainly localised fire alarm and detection and high levels of compartmentation
No or little fire safety management
No consideration for those with disabilities
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
BS 9991
Published December 2011
Comprehensive guidance
Brings together the latest thinking
Mechanical smoke extract shafts for common corridors
Open plan apartment design
Includes for sheltered housing and extra care
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
NHBC produced a fire engineering design guideBased on fire potential the main points are:Residential Sprinklers throughoutIncreased smoke detection12m x 16m max flat sizeThorough consultation with approversCFD analysis required
Open plan apartments
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Common escape routes
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Smoke shafts
0.6m2 shaftsDuty and Stand by fansIncreasing travel distanceUse of mechanical assisted smoke shaftColt shaft or FDS shaftPush pull systemCFD analysisCorridor length 15-20m
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Extra Care Facilities
The recommendations in this standard cover those buildings that are designed for independent living.
Where residents are likely to be less mobile, have other impairments or are otherwise vulnerable to emergency situations, designers need to consider the characteristics of the residents of the building and incorporate an appropriate range of fire precautionary measures that will secure a full level of fire safety that is compatible with both the residents’ needs and abilities and a feasible and reasonable supporting management regime.
Residents are likely to display varying levels of physical ability and mental cognizance and many will therefore require assistance to respond to a fire event
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Recommendations
Design as self contained flatsTravel distances limited to 9m and 7.5m (no extension with sprinklers)Adequate refuge spaces (possibly more than one)Use of lifts for evacuationFree swing self closing fire doorsStorage points for scootersNo open plan flat designFire alarms from units relayed to a central pointWarden or remote monitoring centre to investigateExtra care housing should contain sprinkler coverage in all areas.
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Fire safety management (FSM)
Fire safety in buildings is a balance between the technical systems within the building and how the building is used and managedPrevention is better than cure - ErasmusAll buildings require some level of FSMIn social housing higher levels would be expected due to riskImportant to understand the competency and resource availability of staffEffective management of fire safety can contribute to the protection of the building in many ways:
By working to prevent fires occurring in the first place,By monitoring the fire risk on an on-going basis and taking appropriate action to eliminate or reduce risk,By ensuring that all of the fire safety measures in the building are kept in working order,By training staff By taking command in the event of a fire until the fire and rescue service arrives,
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Quantifying fire safety management
How do you assess Fire Safety Management?
Response to certain questionsReview of existing documentationRelationship with the Fire ServiceHistory of fires
BS 9999 Management levelsQuality of management is given a levelsLevel 1 – highestLevel 2 – Normally acceptableLevel 3 - very basic
The amount of reliance can then be integratedIdentify Responsible person under the RRO
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
The risk to the individual
The fire risk to those in extra care is high
Fire Safety Order not applicable in private domestic dwellings
Quality Care Commission has additional responsibilities
Can/should we do more to safe guard the risk to the individual
“designers need to consider the characteristics of the residents of the building and incorporate an appropriate range of fire precautionary measures that will secure a full level of fire safety that is compatible with both the residents”
As Low As Reasonably Practical
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Case Study - Cottesmore House
Standard design for private residential Low travel distance and evacuation lift to BS 9999Defend in place fire strategyStandalone alarmsNo sprinkler protection
Ground floor communal spacesLimited 24 hour managementVery high needs of individualsA number of key stakeholdersCommunal alarm throughoutAssisted evacuation strategy
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Strategy
Occupants brought to Cottesmore house will not be placed at any greater risk then their previous residence.
Decision to move to defend in placeRemove the communal alarms in corridorsInvestigate retrospective sprinklersDetermine roles and responsibilitiesDevelop an operational fire safety manualUndertake an occupant fire risk assessment
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Individual fire risk assessment
The process involves a meeting with the tenant and their carers/family to understand mobility and cognitive impairments and mitigating measures put in place to reduce the risk to as low as reasonably possible
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Fire Safety Manual
Developed to identify responsible person between the landlord and tenantUseful document to show clear roles and responsibilities of all people in the buildingSet down clear lines of communication and expectationsProvides a good audit trail for decision making and review
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Assisted living - Lewisham
Registration no:07713184Fire Engineering Design Consultants – treating your fire safety concerns
Summary
• Defend in place strategy• Layout of apartments• Design of common corridor• Use of sprinklers important• Undertake individual risk assessments• Assess level of management• Understand roles and responsibilities• Develop a Fire Safety Manual
Treating your fire safety concerns
