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Regional Factsheet Ethnic Minorities in the UK - Wales Celebrating 15 years of Action on Race 1995-2010

Regional Factsheet - Race | · Regional Factsheet Ethnic Minorities in the UK ... Simple steps to get started on race equality ... 9.0% 2.5% 1.4% 12.3% 7.3%

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Regional FactsheetEthnic Minorities in the UK - Wales

Celebrating 15 years of Action on Race 1995-2010

1995 - 2010

About Race for Opportunity (RfO)RfO is committed to improving employment opportunities for ethnic minorities across the UK. It is the only race diversity campaign that has access to and influence over the leaders of the UK’s best known organisations.

The campaign aims to:

• make clear the economic and business argument for organisations investing in race diversity;

• highlighttheresponsibility and role of leaders in delivering race diversity;

• communicate the need to speed up progress on the introduction of policies that further better representation of ethnic minorities;

• raiseawareness of the barriers preventing the BAME community from making progress in the workplace.

“There is an overwhelming opportunity for employers who embrace race diversity and inclusion to harness the diverse talent that exists in the UK today. The Race for Opportunity campaign in collaboration with its network members will continue to set the stage for race equality and progression in the UK and this challenge is one that I am very pleased to be part of.”

Ruby McGregor-Smith CEO, MITIE Group PLC and Chair, Race for Opportunity.

This factsheet is all about ethnic minority people in Wales and it contains information that is readily available in the public domain.

Inside

[ 1 ] Landscape Data ........................................................................................................... 04

1.1 The Welsh picture ........................................................................................................ 04

1.2 An overall snapshot of the UK ................................................................................. 04

[ 2 ] Where do ethnic minority people live in Wales? .............................................. 05

[ 3 ] Focus on Cardiff ........................................................................................................... 06

[ 4 ] Education ........................................................................................................................07

4.1 Where do ethnic minority students study in Wales? ......................................... 08

[ 5 ] Religion ........................................................................................................................... 09

5.1 A snapshot of Wales .................................................................................................... 09

5.2 The UK overall picture ................................................................................................ 09

[ 6 ] Employment ................................................................................................................... 10

6.1 Ethnic minority employment rate in Wales ........................................................... 10

6.2 Employment Rate - UK ................................................................................................. 10

[ 7 ] Simple steps to get started on race equality ......................................................11

Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 12

Race for Opportunity Members ..............................................................13

Regional Factsheet • Wales

04 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

[ 1 ] Landscape Data

Regional Factsheet • Wales

1.2 An overall

snapshot of the UKLondon has the

largest ethnic minority population in the UK.

Of the 6.4 million ethnic minorities in the UK nearly half, 42.3%,

live in London.

Source: NOMIS – number and proportion of ethnic minority population in NUTS1 regions in the UK - 2008

East of England

East Midlands

London

North East

North West

Northern IrelandScotland

South East

South West

Wales

West Midlands

Yorkshire and the Humber

435,400

371,100

2,735,800

100,900

543,500

29,800

145,700

583,700

163,400

91,500

792,500

471,900

7.7%

8.5%

36.2%

4.0%

8.0%

1.7%

2.9%

7.1%

3.2%

3.1%

14.8%

9.2%

6.7%

5.7%

42.3%

1.6%

8.4%

0.5%

2.3%

9.0%

2.5%

1.4%

12.3%

7.3%

Region Ethnic MinorityPopulation

Representation ofEthnic Minorities

Proportion of UKEthnic Minority

Population

Number, Representation and Proportion of Ethnic Minority Populationin NUTS1 Regions in the UK - 2008

United Kingdom 6,465,100 10.7% 100.0

1.1 The Welsh picture

Wales is increasingly diverse. Approximately 2 per cent of the population is from an ethnic minority group.

• Asians (including Asian British) were the largest ethnic minority group in 2001, accounting for 41 per cent of the total ethnic minority population.

• Thenextlargestgroupwas‘Mixed’,whichaccountedfor29percentoftheethnicminoritypopulation.(The‘Mixed’populationincludedWhiteandBlackCaribbean,WhiteandBlackAfrican,WhiteandAsianand‘MixedOther’).

• Ethnic minorities constitute a larger proportion of younger age groups than older groups – 3.3 per cent of 0- 24-year-olds compared with 0.5 per cent of over 75-year-olds.

• Infact,‘Mixed’groupshavetheyoungestagestructureandBlackCaribbeanshavetheoldest.ReflectingthelengthytimeoverwhichethnicminoritygroupshavesettledinWales,three-quartersoftheWhiteBritish,MixedWhite/BlackCaribbeangroupwereborninWales,aswerethemajorityofpeopleofOtherMixedandOtherBlackethnicbackgrounds.

• International migration to and from Wales is nothing new. In the 1880s, Somali seamen were drawn to Cardiff to work in the docks and the city is now host to the largest British-born Somali population in the UK.

Source: EHRC - Equality Issues in Wales: a research

review , Spring 2009

05 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

More than 10% of the UK workforce is from an ethnic minority background and over 20% of the emerging workforce (children in primary and secondary school education), are from an ethnic minority background. In addition to this, 16% of UK-domiciled students at university in the UK are from an ethnic minority background. Britain’s current and future talent pool is racially diverse and progressive employers understand that it makes good business sense to utilise and grow this pool of talent.

[ 2 ] Where do ethnic minority people live in Wales?

The ethnic minority population is highly concentrated geographically. Just over half live in Cardiff and Newport (25,700 and 6,600 respectively), where they account for a much higher proportion of the population at 8.4 per cent and 4.8 per cent of the population respectively.

Regional Factsheet • Wales

• Swansea has an ethnic minority population of 4,800 people equating to 2.2 per cent of the population and making Swansea the third most popular city for ethnic minorities.

• In contrast, ethnic minority groups account for less than

1 per cent of the population in rural areas, such as the Isle of Anglesey, Pembrokeshire and Powys, and in the Heads of the Valleys (Merthyr Tydfil and Blaenau Gwent).

Source: Equality Issues in Wales: a research review-

EHRC Spring 2009

06 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

[ 3 ] Focus on Cardiff

• Pakistani’s mainly arrived in Cardiff during the 1950s. The population of 4,264 people live mainly in Grangetown, Plasnewydd, Riverside Cathays and Penylan.

Source: Finding Common Ground, Hughes & Mahil 2007

• As mentioned previously, the Somali community has been in Wales since the 1880s when sailors, working merchant seaman, settled in Wales and married local Welsh women.

• The Somali community in Cardiff has the largest British-born Somali population in the UK and is one of the oldest minority ethnic groups in Wales. Most of the Somali community settled in Butetown, Grangetown, Riverside, Adamsdown and Plasnewydd, with a small percentage dispersing beyond these areas. The Somali community comprises 2,189 people in Cardiff according to the 2001 Census.

Source: Finding Common Ground, Hughes & Mahil 2007

• The African-Caribbean community has been Cardiff since the early 20th Century with most people arriving as economic immigrants in the 1950s. The population was largely concentrated in Butetown until the 1990s when it began to disperse to other parts of the city. At the 2001 Census most of the 3,500 African-Caribbean's lived in Grangetown, Butetown, Pentwyn and Riverside.

Source:Finding Common Ground, Hughes & Mahil 2007

• Bangladeshi families came to the UK in the early 1970s. There were 2,546 Bangladeshi people in Cardiff recorded in the 2001 Census, mostly living in Riverside, Plasnewydd, Grangetown and Canton.

Source: Finding Common Ground, Hughes & Mahil 2007

• The British Indian community, of which the Gujarat community is a part, has been in Cardiff since the late 1940s. Most of the Indian community came from India, but in the 1980s many people came from East Africa. The British Indian community of 3,829 people is widely spread throughout Cardiff, with the majority of people living in Grangetown, Riverside, Cathays, Canton, Heath and Gabalfa.

Source: Finding Common Ground, Hughes & Mahil 2007

Regional Factsheet • Wales

07 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

[ 4 ] Education

The Welsh Assembly Government (WAG) shows that 93.2 per cent of pupils in primary schools were White and 4.9 per cent were from an ethnic minority background.

Asimilarbreakdownisevidentinsecondaryschools(94.2percentWhiteand3.8percentfromethnicminorities)andinspecialschools(93.3percentWhite,4.4percentfromethnicminorities).

According to WAG (2007), 4 per cent of students in Welsh further education institutions were of an ethnic minority origin in August 2005, while 2 per cent of work-based learners were of an ethnic minority origin.

In2002/03,Whitestudentsmadeup92percentoftheundergraduatepopulationinWales,and71percentofthepostgraduatepopulation.

Asian students were the most numerous ethnic minority group among both undergraduate and postgraduate students (3 per cent and 13 per cent respectively).

Chinesestudentsmadeup9percentofthepostgraduatepopulation.EightypercentofthesestudentscamefromoutsidetheEU:

There were almost 4,800 students with a minority ethnic background coming to Wales from outside the EU. This is a large proportion of the total minority ethnic population in Wales.

AhigherpercentageofpupilsfromaChineseorChineseBritishethnicbackgroundachievetheCoreSubjectIndicator(CSI)thananyotherethnicgroupatalltheKeyStages.

The resident ethnic minority population is more likely to have degree level qualifications than the White population. Source: Equality Issues in Wales: a research review - EHRC

In2007,lowerpercentagesofethnicminoritythanWhitestudentsinYear12(normallyaged16/17)weremovingontoformaleducationandtraining,andmorewereknownnottobeineducation,employmentortraining(4.9percentcomparedwith3.2percentofWhitestudents). In Year 13 (normally aged 17/18) a slightly higher percentage from ethnic minority groups continued in full-time education (81 per cent compared with78 per cent of White students).

TheleastpopularrouteforWhitestudentswaswork-basedtrainingnonemployedstatus,andtheleastpopularrouteforthosefromethnicminoritygroupswaswork-basedtrainingemployedstatus. Source: Careers Wales, 2007

Ethnic minority learners (both males and females and from all age groups) are well represented in school sixth forms, further education institutions and local education authorities, although learners from ethnic minorities under 30 are significantly under-represented in work-based learning. Source: Welsh Assembly Government, 2006

Regional Factsheet • Wales

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4.1 Where do ethnic minority students study in Wales?

The representation of ethnic minorities is below the national 16.0% average at all 11 Welsh universities, including Cardiff, Swansea and Bangor universities. Despite BAME representation at Cardiff University being nearly half that of that national average at 8.8%, it is higher than the representation of ethnic minorities in the local population (5.4%).

Bangor University

2 4 6 8 10

The University of Wales, Lampeter

Cardiff University

University of Wales Institute, Cardiff

The University of Glamorgan

The University of Wales, Newport

Swansea University

Swansea Metropolitan University

Glyndwr University

Aberystwyth University

Trinity College, Carmarthen

9.4%

8.8%

8.4%

5.5%

5.2%

5.0%

4.2%

3.5%

3.4%

1.4%

4.8%

Total Ethnic Minority Representation

All UK Unis. - 16.0%Wales Pop. (18-24) - 5.4%

^

Ethnic Minorities in Wales (2007 - 08)

“More BAME students join the unemployed after graduation than White graduates and male Chinese and Pakistani students are twice as likely as the average to be unemployed” (2006)Source: www.aimhigher.ac.uk/sites/practitioner/resources/Conf%20Summary%20Report%20final%20(2).pdf

Source: 2007-08 ‘HESA Student Record’ published by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA).

Regional Factsheet • Wales

09 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

Almost one in five people (18.5 per cent) in Wales in 2001 reported that they had no religious belief. Amongst those with a religious belief, Christianity is by far the dominant religion, accounting for 71.9 per cent of believers.

• Muslims are the next largest group, but only account for just under 1 per cent of the total population – less than 22,000 people.

• Buddhism and Hinduism each have 5,400 adherents, whilst Judaism and Sikhism each have just over 2,000.

Source: Equality Issues in Wales: a research review - EHRC

• Half the Muslim population lives in Cardiff, and Muslims are also highly concentrated within the city.

Source: Equality Issues in Wales: a research review - EHRC

[ 5 ] Religion

5.1 A snapshot of Wales

Christian - 71.9%

Religion not stated - 8.1%

No Religion - 18.5%

Other - 0.2%

Sikh - 0.1%

Muslim - 0.7%

Jewish - 0.1%

Hindu - 0.2%

Buddhist - 0.2%

Religions within Wales

Religions within the UK

Christian - 71.6%

Buddhist - 0.3%

Hindu - 1%

Jewish - 0.5%

Muslim - 2.7%

Sikh - 0.6%

Other - 0.3%

No Religion/Religion not stated - 23%

5.2 The UK overall picture

In the UK, 2.7% of the population stated their religion as Muslim making this the most common religion after Christianity. Figures for England, alone, show that 3.1% of the population stated their religion as Muslim.

Source: Census 2001 – Profiles - UK

Source: Census 2001 – Profiles - UK

Regional Factsheet • Wales

10 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

[ 6 ] Employment

6.1 Ethnic minority employment rate in Wales

Of the ethnic minority population in Wales as a whole, 64 per cent are employedin full-time work compared with 70 per cent of the White population.

• The Chinese population in Wales has a high percentage (29.5per cent) of their population working in skilled trade occupations.

• EthnicminoritypopulationsinWalesareoverwhelminglyconcentratedinsectorsassociatedwithpoortermsandconditionsandlowpay–healthandsocialwork(20.4percent);hotelsandcatering(16.9percent)andinwholesaleandretailtrade,repairofmotorvehicles(16.8percent).

• Chinese people and Bangladeshi people are heavily concentrated in the Hotels and Catering sector. Fifty per cent of Chinese women and58 per cent of Chinese men work in this industry

• ThebiggestsingleemployerofethnicminoritygroupsinWalesishealthandsocialwork(20.4percent).OverathirdofIndianwomenandmenworkedinthissector,asdomorethanafifthoftheBlackAfricanandBlackCaribbeanpopulations(28.0and20.3percentrespectively).

• Half of both Black Caribbean and Black African women are employed in public sector services.

Sources: Equality Issues in Wales: a research review – EHRC, Spring 2009

• Part-timeemploymentratesfortheethnicminoritypopulationarealsolowerthanthe Whitepopulation–17.9percentofethnicminoritygroupsworkparttimecomparedwith21percentoftheWhitepopulation(Sullivanetal,2005).

• Overall people from ethnic minority groups in Wales are more likely to be self-employed than the White population.

• TheethnicminoritypopulationinWalesasawholeismostlikelytobeemployedwithinprofessionaloccupations(19.6percent),inmanagerialandseniorofficeroccupations(14.6percent)andinassociateprofessionalandtechnicaloccupations(12.8percent).

• Males from ethnic minority groups who are employed are even more likely to be found in professional occupations (23.0 per cent) or as managers and senior officials

(16.9 per cent),

• Femalesfromethnicminoritygroupsarefoundinassociateprofessionalandtechnicaloccupations(15.8percent),professionaloccupations(15.8percent)andadministrativeandsecretarialoccupations(14.3percent).

• People of Indian origin are especially likely to work in professional occupations (49

per cent of men and 29 per cent of women).

• Ethnicminorityprofessionalsaremoststronglyrepresentedinthehealthandsocialworksector.

6.2 Employment Rate - UK

The UK ethnic minority employment rate is 59.2% Source: Ethnic Minorities in the Labour Market: Quarter 3, 2009 - Ethnic Minority Analysis Team,

November 2009

Regional Factsheet • Wales

11 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

Leadership

• Consider appointing a Diversity / Race Diversity Champion to lead on the race agenda within your organisation.

• Develop a clear business case for working on race and link it to business objectives.

• Develop an action plan on race and integrate it into the key performance indicators of your managers.

People and Employees

• Tell your recruitment agencies, recruitment consultants and head-hunters that your organisation

is committed to racial equality and ask them to send you lists containing diverse candidates.

• Explicitly state in your recruitment marketing materials that individuals from diverse backgrounds

are welcome in your organisation.

• Monitor the ethnicity of your workforce and compare it to the local population.

Customers, Clients and Service Users

• Ensure your marketing teams or policy makers are signed up to your organisation’s commitment to

race equality.

• Review your advertising and promotional material to ensure they reflect the diverse marketplace, both in the content and images used.

• Consider including ethnic minorities in your focus groups and evaluation sessions for promotional or marketing campaigns.

Community Involvement

• Review the community impact work being done by your organisation and check whether they impact

on diverse communities.

• As education and skills are the critical components of any workforce, consider partnering with a local school where ethnic minority children could benefit from increased educational attainment.

• Develop links with local universities that have relatively high proportions of ethnic minority students and offer work placements/experiences.

Supplier Diversity

• Do an audit of your current suppliers to find out whether you have awarded any contracts to ethnic minority owned businesses.

• Consider publishing clear guidance notes to help ethnic minority businesses tender for contracts

with your organisation.

• Send your procurement officers to local supplier events to raise their awareness of products/services available from local ethnic minority suppliers.

[ 7 ] Simple steps to get started on Race Equality

Regional Factsheet • Wales

12 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

Regional Factsheet • Wales

Acknowledgements

This publication has been made possible through funding from the Department for Local Communities and Government (DCLG) Tackling Race Inequalities Fund (TRIF)

“Modern Wales has been built on the foundations laid by workers and families from all nations drawn to our nation by the traditional industries. A modern Wales acknowledges, understands and appreciates the differences in people, whether citizens, customers or employees. We aim to reflect the diversity of the communities we serve and gain the diversity advantage by creating an environment that maximises the potential of all without anyone being disadvantaged.”Owen Evans, Director for Wales, Business in the Community

Contact details:Business in the Community2nd Floor, Riverside House,31 Cathedral Road,Cardiff CF11 9HBTel: 029 2078 0050

13 I Race for Opportunity (RfO) | Regional Factsheet

AccentureAddeccoAddleshaw Goddard LLPAdvantage West MidlandsAmerican Express PLCArriva plcASDAAston CarterAvon & Somerset ConstabularyAvon Fire BrigadeB&QBaker & McKenzieBank of EnglandBarclays Bank PLCBBCBDO Stoy HaywardBIS (Department for Business, Innovation & Skills)Biotechnology & Biological Science Research CouncilBirmingham City UniversityBP InternationalBritannia Building SocietyBritish AirwaysBritish ArmyBritish EnergyBritish LibraryBristol City Council BTBUPACapgeminiCapital OneCentricaCiscoCitiCitizens Advice Communities & Local GovernmentCo-operative Financial Services plcCo-operative (The)Credit SuisseCummins Engine Company LtdDeloitte LLPDepartment for Children, Schools and FamiliesDepartment for Environment, Food & Rural AffairsDepartment for Work and PensionsDepartment of HealthDerby CollegeDeutsche BankEast of England Development AgencyEDF Energy

Education LeedsEnglish PartnershipsEnterprise Rent-A-CarEnvironment AgencyErnst & Young LLPEvershedsFreshfields Bruckhaus DeringerFSAFujitsu ServicesGlaxoSmithKlineGoldman Sachs InternationalGovernment Office For The North WestGoogleGuardian Media GroupHealthcare CommissionHerbert SmithHome OfficeHM Revenue & CustomsHM TreasuryHSBC Bank PlcIBM UK LtdJohn Lewis PartnershipJP MorganKPMGLaw Society England and WalesLearning & Skills CouncilLegal & General Investment MgmtLeicestershire ConstabularyLinklatersLloyds Banking GroupLondon 2012London AmbulanceLondon Borough of BrentLovellsMarks & Spencer plcMcDonald’s Restaurants LtdMerrill Lynch EuropeMetropolitan PoliceMichael Page Financial ServicesMidcounties Co-operative (The)Midlands HeartMinistry of DefenceMinistry of JusticeMITIEMDPGA (MoD Police & Guarding Agency)Morgan Stanley International LtdNational GridNational Museum of Science and IndustryNational Portrait GalleryNationwide Building SocietyNetwork RailNHS Employers

Northumbrian WaterNorth West Development AgencyNottingham Trent University OCS GroupOfComOffice of Fair TradingOffice of National StatisticsOne NorthEastOpen UniversityOrange PCSOTC Computing LtdPearson plcPertemps Recruitment PartnershipsPricewaterhouseCoopersProcter & GambleProvident FinancialPrudentialRolls-Royce Military Aero EnginesRoyal Air ForceRoyal Bank of Scotland GroupRoyal NavySainsbury’s Supermarkets LtdSantanderSerious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA)Severn TrentSheffield Hallam UniversityShell Companies in the UKSimmons & SimmonsSlaughter & MaySodexhoState Street CorporationThe Insolvency ServiceThomson ReutersTransport for LondonUBS Investment BankUniversity of BradfordUniversity of BristolUniversity of Central LancashireUniversity of DurhamUniversity of TeessideUniversity of West of EnglandUnum ProvidentVodafone LtdWelsh Assembly GovernmentWest Midlands PoliceWestminster City Council WPPWragge & Co

Champion Members are in BOLDList of RfO Members 08/03/2010

Race for Opportunity Members 2010

For further information on the Race for Opportunity campaign.Please visit www.raceforopportunity.org.uk or telephone 020 7566 8661

opportunity now is part of Business in the Community

Business in the Community - mobilising business for good.We inspire, engage, support and challenge companies on responsible business, working through four areas: Marketplace, Workplace, Environment and Community. With more than 850 companies in membership, we represent 1 in 5 of the UK private sector workforce and convene a network of global partners.

[email protected]

Business in the Community137 Shepherdess WalkLondon N1 7RQT +44 (0) 20 7566 8650F +44 (0) 20 7253 1877 E [email protected]

October 2008

designed and produced by scs marketing ltd | t: 01323 471050Product code: 01OPP000435

[email protected]

© Race for Opportunity March 2010 | design and print OSCCreative Product code: 01RfO000436

Race for Opportunityis part of Business in the Community

Registered Details137 Shepherdess Walk, London N1 7RQ. Telephone: 020 7566 8650Registered Charity No: 297716. Company Limited by Guarantee No: 1619253

opportunity now is part of Business in the Community

Business in the Community - mobilising business for good.We inspire, engage, support and challenge companies on responsible business, working through four areas: Marketplace, Workplace, Environment and Community. With more than 850 companies in membership, we represent 1 in 5 of the UK private sector workforce and convene a network of global partners.

[email protected]

Business in the Community137 Shepherdess WalkLondon N1 7RQT +44 (0) 20 7566 8650F +44 (0) 20 7253 1877 E [email protected]

October 2008

designed and produced by scs marketing ltd | t: 01323 471050Product code: 01OPP000435

Race for Opportunity Board Members

MITIEMs Ruby McGregor-SmithCEO and Chair RfO

ASDA Ms Sarah DickinsRetail People Director

Barclays Bank PLC Mr Vivek Ramachandran Head of UK Cash and Trade

British ArmyColonel Mark AbrahamAssistant Director Employment

BT Mr Ray Lerclerq Chief Financial Officer, Global Services

EDF Energy Mr Patrick ClarkeDirector of Connections

KPMG Ms Michelle Quest Head of People for the UK

Department of Health Mr Surinder SharmaNational Director for Equality & Human Rights

Appointment Commission Ms Anne WattsCBE, Chair

Paradoes Mr Denys RaynerCEO

Pertemps People Management Ms Carmen Watson, Managing Director - Commercial Division

Roast Mr Iqbal WahhabCEO

Sainsbury’s Supermarkets Ltd Mr Jat Sahota Head of Corporate Responsibility

Shell Companies in the UK Mr James Smith, Chairman

The Royal Bank of Scotland GroupMr Ron Teerlink Chief Administrative Officer

Transport for London Mr Andrew Quincey Director of Group Procurement