Regeneration and Communities Some More New Thinking A SURF Presentation on Thursday 22 February 2007

Regeneration and CommunitiesRegeneration and CommunitiesSome Some MoreMore New Thinking New Thinking

A SURF Presentation on Thursday 22 February 2007A SURF Presentation on Thursday 22 February 2007

Leslie Huckfield Research Leslie Huckfield Research 22

The Regeneration Statement shows the The Regeneration Statement shows the Executive Response in the Key AreasExecutive Response in the Key Areas


•Not a Party Political BroadcastNot a Party Political Broadcast

• In awe at expenditure and priorities of so many CouncilsIn awe at expenditure and priorities of so many Councils

•Executive chosen vehicle a variant on Big MunicipalismExecutive chosen vehicle a variant on Big Municipalism

•Early Days - URCs stimulate economic activity Early Days - URCs stimulate economic activity BUT BUT

•Not as effective as Urban Development Corporations Not as effective as Urban Development Corporations

•Not good at Social Regeneration -SIMD shows problems Not good at Social Regeneration -SIMD shows problems

•URC funding, bidding costly. Others better raising funds URC funding, bidding costly. Others better raising funds

•Some overawed with political complexity Some overawed with political complexity

•URCs not good involving communities – wider outputs URCs not good involving communities – wider outputs

• Involving local communities not a magic wandInvolving local communities not a magic wand

•Time move on from Big Municipalism – new structuresTime move on from Big Municipalism – new structures

CLARIFY POSITIONCLARIFY POSITION


• 2006 2006 Scottish Index of Multiple DeprivationScottish Index of Multiple Deprivation shows many shows many areas in continuing crisis. areas in continuing crisis.

• 15% most deprived data zones contain 36% (257,041) of 15% most deprived data zones contain 36% (257,041) of Scotland income deprived and 33% (134,347) of Scotland Scotland income deprived and 33% (134,347) of Scotland employment deprived working age population.employment deprived working age population.

• URC Business Plan outputs - SIMD ranking, incapacity URC Business Plan outputs - SIMD ranking, incapacity benefit, health measures, but also average income, average benefit, health measures, but also average income, average property prices, % owner occupied stock property prices, % owner occupied stock

•Employment, Current Income, Health and Education Employment, Current Income, Health and Education Domains show 80% data zones in 2004 still in 15% in 2006Domains show 80% data zones in 2004 still in 15% in 2006

•Glasgow, N. Lanarkshire, Inverclyde feature regularlyGlasgow, N. Lanarkshire, Inverclyde feature regularly

•Most deprived Health Data Zone in Craigmillar Most deprived Health Data Zone in Craigmillar

NOT SOCIAL REGENERATION NOT SOCIAL REGENERATION


Mortality Mortality • Inequalities in Mortality in Scotland 1981-1991Inequalities in Mortality in Scotland 1981-1991 reveals reveals

violence, drugs, alcohol, suicide mean men now more likely violence, drugs, alcohol, suicide mean men now more likely to die in 20s and 30s than 20 years ago.to die in 20s and 30s than 20 years ago.

• 1981 to 2001 death rates among 15 to 29 males - up 5% in 1981 to 2001 death rates among 15 to 29 males - up 5% in the first decade and another 10% in the past 10 years. the first decade and another 10% in the past 10 years.

• Mortality rate among 15 to 29-year-old females rose by 6% Mortality rate among 15 to 29-year-old females rose by 6% 1991-2001.1991-2001.

• Mortality rates in Clydeside 9% higher than Scottish Mortality rates in Clydeside 9% higher than Scottish average in 1981, but by 2001 difference had almost average in 1981, but by 2001 difference had almost doubled. doubled.

• Now death rates in Clydeside 17% above national rate. Now death rates in Clydeside 17% above national rate. • Report - bulk of increases are due to suicide and drugs.Report - bulk of increases are due to suicide and drugs.


URC Structures Costly As Funding ReducesURC Structures Costly As Funding Reduces•Pathfinder Status brings Executive Funding – Raploch £6mn, Pathfinder Status brings Executive Funding – Raploch £6mn,

Craigmillar £7mn, Clydebank £7mn. Craigmillar £7mn, Clydebank £7mn.

•Up to £0.5mn for operations. Buying expertise not in house. Up to £0.5mn for operations. Buying expertise not in house.

•Scottish Enterprise - £187,000 management supportScottish Enterprise - £187,000 management support

•Communities Scotland - £75,000 consultancy support Communities Scotland - £75,000 consultancy support

•Cost of bidding too – 3 or 5 times £0.5mn. Cost of bidding too – 3 or 5 times £0.5mn.

•Raploch Total Public Injection £73mn from 2004 to 2012 Raploch Total Public Injection £73mn from 2004 to 2012

•All this as funding drying up. EU more than 50% reduction. All this as funding drying up. EU more than 50% reduction. Highland £117mn Lowlands and Uplands £434mn. Highland £117mn Lowlands and Uplands £434mn.

•Big Lottery – Olympic Games will eat into £257mn till 2009Big Lottery – Olympic Games will eat into £257mn till 2009

•Barnett Formula revision so dependent on Scotland’s needsBarnett Formula revision so dependent on Scotland’s needs

•Already competition for Community Regeneration Fund etc.Already competition for Community Regeneration Fund etc.


Local Communities Important Local Communities Important • Many Executive initiatives, including People and Place, not Many Executive initiatives, including People and Place, not

taking account of growing community pressures. taking account of growing community pressures.

• After Community Voices, new Communities Alliance – After Community Voices, new Communities Alliance – Local People Leading. Local People Leading.

• Communities Scotland National Standards for Community Communities Scotland National Standards for Community Engagement - “The standards are measurable performance Engagement - “The standards are measurable performance statements which can be used by everyone involved in statements which can be used by everyone involved in community engagement to improve the quality and process community engagement to improve the quality and process of the engagement”.of the engagement”.

• Whole presentation a plea for more diversity in platforms Whole presentation a plea for more diversity in platforms for regeneration, for regeneration, with more community involvementwith more community involvement


•Scottish Executive in August 2003 issued Consultation Scottish Executive in August 2003 issued Consultation

Document on Urban Regeneration Companies called Document on Urban Regeneration Companies called “Challenging Practice, Testing Innovation”. “Challenging Practice, Testing Innovation”.

•Executive’s conclusion from the consultation, published Executive’s conclusion from the consultation, published

in June 2004, was: in June 2004, was:

““It is clear that a “one size fits all” approach is not It is clear that a “one size fits all” approach is not supported and URCs are not seen as a panacea for all supported and URCs are not seen as a panacea for all regeneration activities but should be considered as one of a regeneration activities but should be considered as one of a selection of tools which can be used to accelerate growth selection of tools which can be used to accelerate growth and deliver regeneration”. and deliver regeneration”.

Urban Regeneration Companies Urban Regeneration Companies – – the Scottish Executive Solutionthe Scottish Executive Solution


ONE SIZE DOES NOT FIT ALLONE SIZE DOES NOT FIT ALL • Malcolm Chisholm’s Ministerial Forward to “People and Malcolm Chisholm’s Ministerial Forward to “People and

Place”, the Executive’s Regeneration Policy Statement of Place”, the Executive’s Regeneration Policy Statement of March 2006, says on page 6: March 2006, says on page 6:

• ““Partnership.Partnership. No one body, whether local or national, holds No one body, whether local or national, holds all of the levers or has all of the answers. And regeneration all of the levers or has all of the answers. And regeneration is not just about public sector organisations and public is not just about public sector organisations and public sector expenditure. ………. Successful regeneration is sector expenditure. ………. Successful regeneration is based on a partnership between different players in both based on a partnership between different players in both the private and public sectors. It needs to be structured in a the private and public sectors. It needs to be structured in a way that harnesses and focuses partnership working way that harnesses and focuses partnership working between and across these various organisations”. between and across these various organisations”.


ROLE OF HOUSING ASSOCIATIONSROLE OF HOUSING ASSOCIATIONS “ “People and Place” continues on page 24: People and Place” continues on page 24:

“ “PPP is not however the only mechanism for PPP is not however the only mechanism for levering private sector investment. Registered levering private sector investment. Registered Social Landlords (RSLs) across Scotland have a Social Landlords (RSLs) across Scotland have a track record of attracting private sector investment track record of attracting private sector investment in social housing. This has been accelerated in social housing. This has been accelerated through the Executive’s Community Ownership through the Executive’s Community Ownership Programme, which transfers the ownership and Programme, which transfers the ownership and management of council housing to independent, management of council housing to independent, not-for-profit registered social landlords.not-for-profit registered social landlords.


COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENTCOMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

““People and Place” also continues on page 54/55:People and Place” also continues on page 54/55:

“ “Involving Communities. Involving Communities. Experience of Experience of regeneration in Scotland …shows clearly that .. regeneration in Scotland …shows clearly that .. sound reasons for ensuring effective community sound reasons for ensuring effective community engagement in planning and delivering services. engagement in planning and delivering services. Some regeneration mistakes of the past can be Some regeneration mistakes of the past can be attributed to imposing a particular approach to attributed to imposing a particular approach to regeneration on local people, or to spending regeneration on local people, or to spending inadequate time and effort on building local capacity inadequate time and effort on building local capacity to be fully involved in the design and to be fully involved in the design and implementation of regeneration plans.”implementation of regeneration plans.”


OTHERS NOT INTERESTED? OTHERS NOT INTERESTED? • Places for PeoplePlaces for People - one of largest property management and - one of largest property management and development companies in UK - 58,625 homes owned or managed. development companies in UK - 58,625 homes owned or managed. Different tenures. £2.3bn asset base. 2,500 staffDifferent tenures. £2.3bn asset base. 2,500 staff

•Sanctuary Housing GroupSanctuary Housing Group - managing 53,000 homes in England and - managing 53,000 homes in England and Scotland. General rented, sheltered, supported, student, keyworker Scotland. General rented, sheltered, supported, student, keyworker accommodation. 35 years experience.accommodation. 35 years experience.

•Home GroupHome Group – rented and supported housing and low-cost home – rented and supported housing and low-cost home ownership. 3000 staff, 60 offices in England and Scotland. Manages ownership. 3000 staff, 60 offices in England and Scotland. Manages 45,000 homes. Developing another 175045,000 homes. Developing another 1750

•Link GroupLink Group committed to £60mn for 700 new or improved homes in committed to £60mn for 700 new or improved homes in next 5 years.next 5 years. Link committed to investing £2mn over 10-year period to Link committed to investing £2mn over 10-year period to promote Wider Role activities.promote Wider Role activities.

•Sympathetic Developers too - OgilvieSympathetic Developers too - Ogilvie


NOT THE CAPABILITIES ? NOT THE CAPABILITIES ?

•RIVERSIDE INVERCLYDE - RIVERSIDE INVERCLYDE - £400m regeneration programme £400m regeneration programme which over next 10 years will deliver to Inverclyde 2,500 new which over next 10 years will deliver to Inverclyde 2,500 new quality homes, 2,500 new jobs and more than 530,000 square feet quality homes, 2,500 new jobs and more than 530,000 square feet

of business accommodationof business accommodation •CLYDE GATEWAY 2004-29 CLYDE GATEWAY 2004-29 - 10,000 new housing units, - 10,000 new housing units, 400,000 square metres business/commercial property, 50,000 400,000 square metres business/commercial property, 50,000 square metres retail/services facilities supporting leisure, public square metres retail/services facilities supporting leisure, public and cultural. Transport and infrastructure.and cultural. Transport and infrastructure.

•CRAIGMILLAR REGENERATIONCRAIGMILLAR REGENERATION – 3,200 new homes, 1 new – 3,200 new homes, 1 new secondary school, and 3 new primary schools, new town centre secondary school, and 3 new primary schools, new town centre with 300,000 sq ft of retail, leisure and office space, a new library, with 300,000 sq ft of retail, leisure and office space, a new library, and providing for community and life long learning facilities.and providing for community and life long learning facilities.


SOME ALTERNATIVES NEEDEDSOME ALTERNATIVES NEEDED

Executive already expressedExecutive already expressed •Willingness to consider other solutionsWillingness to consider other solutions•Importance of Partnership Importance of Partnership •Should involve local communities. Ethnic minoritiesShould involve local communities. Ethnic minorities

Need for recognition that Housing Associations and other Need for recognition that Housing Associations and other organisations equally well placed as regeneration platforms to organisations equally well placed as regeneration platforms to become URC or structures which Executive might support. become URC or structures which Executive might support.

Scotland developing range of more localised structures for Scotland developing range of more localised structures for greater community involvement. greater community involvement.

Land Reform movement creating Community Interest Land Reform movement creating Community Interest Companies, Development Trusts and Social Enterprises - now Companies, Development Trusts and Social Enterprises - now spreading throughout Scotland. spreading throughout Scotland.


PERFORMANCE AND DELIVERY PERFORMANCE AND DELIVERY

Housing Associations better track record:Housing Associations better track record:

• Involving local communities. Ethnic minorities. Involving local communities. Ethnic minorities.

•Funding with better gearing. Finding balance after Housing Funding with better gearing. Finding balance after Housing Association Grant, especially in England. Use own money. Association Grant, especially in England. Use own money.

•Delivery of wider range of social outputsDelivery of wider range of social outputs

•Providing “ladder” from Social Rented through Shared Providing “ladder” from Social Rented through Shared Equity to Owner Occupation. Providing other loans. Equity to Owner Occupation. Providing other loans.

•Affordable Housing – Glen Bramley’s work shows 8,000 Affordable Housing – Glen Bramley’s work shows 8,000 demand annually. One third of Scottish housebuilding demand annually. One third of Scottish housebuilding

•Glasgow – only 38% able to afford to buy. Glasgow – only 38% able to afford to buy.

•Edinburgh 2005 City Profile – 21,000 households waitingEdinburgh 2005 City Profile – 21,000 households waiting


THE WRONG DEBATE THE WRONG DEBATE • Scotland’s Regeneration Agenda should not be Scotland’s Regeneration Agenda should not be

debate about who has the skills, but which structures debate about who has the skills, but which structures might produce most effective results.might produce most effective results.

• URC structures moved on from English model of URC structures moved on from English model of Urban Development Corporations – appointed by Urban Development Corporations – appointed by Whitehall, with local community as bystanders – but Whitehall, with local community as bystanders – but not moved far enough. not moved far enough.

• Little reason suggested alternatives should not Little reason suggested alternatives should not proceed under existing legislation. proceed under existing legislation.

• Not even the need for new sources of funding. Most Not even the need for new sources of funding. Most funding ingredients already in place. funding ingredients already in place.


ROYAL SOCIETY CONFERENCE - ROYAL SOCIETY CONFERENCE - PROF PACIONEPROF PACIONE•

57,000:57,000: Incapacity Benefit. Incapacity Benefit. 51,000:51,000: Income Support Income Support

40%:40%: Earnings of males in most deprived 15% of Earnings of males in most deprived 15% of Scotland 40% lower than rest of countryScotland 40% lower than rest of country

46.4%:46.4%: Families in Glasgow with lone parents, Families in Glasgow with lone parents, compared to 25.7% across Scotlandcompared to 25.7% across Scotland

One in four:One in four: Scottish children living in poverty - on Scottish children living in poverty - on less than 60% of average income after housing costsless than 60% of average income after housing costs

54:54: Male life expectancy in poorest parts of Glasgow. Male life expectancy in poorest parts of Glasgow. 87.7 in most affluent areas87.7 in most affluent areas

One-third:One-third: The proportion of murders that take place The proportion of murders that take place in Glasgow in Glasgow

Should look at alternativesShould look at alternatives

Documents

Regeneration and Communities Some More New Thinking A SURF Presentation on Thursday 22 February 2007