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REFORESTATIONWITH THE PERMACULTURE
OF OIL-BEARING TREESA WAPON AGAINST GLOBAL WARMING
PROF. HANS-JÜRGEN FRANKEJATROPHA-RESEARCH-NETARACAJU - BRAZIL – 2008
E-Mail: [email protected]: 00-55-79-3243-2209
REFORESTATIONWITH THE PERMACULTURE OF OIL-BEARING TREES k
A WAPON AGAINST GLOBAL WARMING
INNOVATIVE GREEN-BELT-POLITICSIN SOUTH-EUROPE AND TURKEY
TO STOP DESERTIFICATIONThe process of Global Warming is quasi irresistible , therefore we must act now. Recent Forest-Fire-Catastrophes in Portugal, Spain, Greece and Turkey
are beginning to motivate Governments , Communities and Non-Governmantal- Organisations to rethink strategies , aiming the implantation of innovative green-belt-politics , to stop the process of latent desertification.
JATROPHA-EXPERIMENT IN LUXORIn the desert of Egypt near Luxor a group of international cientists made
studies about more than 30 desert-trees, to identify a specie with adequate characteristic to survive in desert regions. The winner was the oil-bearing tree JATROPHA CURCAS. Jatropha is a tree with deep roots , drought-resistent and able to survive with brakish water. This jatropha-plantation near Luxor, using water from o sewage-plant really demonstrated high yield pro year, reaching about 3.000 liters of plant-oil .
Based on the result of this experimental plantation research-groups are developing concepts to meliorate the yield of this wild specie , which needs some more genetical studies. The team of desert-research in the Jacob Blaustein Institute in Israel is just researching the genome of desert-trees with deep roots.
It would be interesting fore the biofdiesel-industry to receive soon seedlings of jatropha curcas , with melioration of the deep-root-system, inoculating characteristics of some other desert-trees like pistachio or argan-tree, with elevated condition to create deep tap-roots. By this way we can make great plantations in wasteland or dry-regions like caatinga or cerrado in Brazil or even in the borderland in the south of Turkey near the frontier with Syria.
NECESSITY OF AN INTERNATIONAL TASK-FORCE
The Government of Turkey must convocate an international Task-Force to develop a national MEGA-PROGRAM JATROPHA, like the Mega-Programa Jatropha of the Brasilian Association of the Biodiesel-Industry ABIODIESEL.
ECO-SYSTEM-HAZARDS
DRY-LAND
FOREST FIRE
WATER-DEFICIENCY
PERMACULTURE WITH OIL-BEARING TREES
STRATEGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ATURKISH JATROPHA-PROGRAM
REGIONAL PRODUCTION OF JATROPHA-DIESEL BRINGS ENERGY-AUTONOMY
The Region between the Taurus-Mountains and the Frontier with Syria is just a district with cultivation of olives. The countrymen of this region are able to diversify , able to plant also oilbearing trees for the production of biodiesel, to help by this way, to increase a local energy-autonomy, avoiding an expensive import of fossil petroleum.
CREATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME IN REMOTE REGIONS
The creation of nurseries and great plantations will increase regional working-power and meliorate the income of local familar agriculture . By this way we can avoid migration from remote regions.
REVITALISATION OF WASTELAND COMBATE OF GLOBAL WARMING
The generation of extensive areas with the clouding of the hot and dry ground can help to reduce the temperature of microrregions and will be an important contribution , to downsize global warming.
INCREASE OF WATER QUANTITY IN DRY AREAS WITH DEEP-ROOT TREES
Jatropha, Jojoba , Pongamia are species with deep roots , producing a more permeable land, with increase of water-retention , creating less drought and a better climate –situation.
MORE PRODUCTIVITY WITH CULTURE-MIX
Plantations in form of green fences will avoid erosion and create good conditions for a crop-mix , avoiding competion between DISH and TANK. Jatropha , Jojoba and Pongamia are durable perma-cultures with lifetime beween 50 and 150 years.
CREATION OF LUCRATIVE PERMACULTURE CAN PUSH REVITALISATION-PROGRAMS
Politics of revitalisation of wasteland often are suffering boycott, because with lack of profit nobody will participate in ecological projects.
The Governments of States with interest, to push the bioenergy-production, need to cooperate with university-research, to find out an optimized concept and masterplan for a lucrative mixture of oil-bearing trees and plantation-regulations , to avoid great areas of monoculture for the industry of biocombustibles worldwide. With a good mix of oil-bearing trees we can solve this task.
EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME
INCREASE OF WATER
LUCRATIVE PERMACULTURE
MIX OF DIFFERENTOILBEARING TREES
JOJOBA-FARMING
JACOB BLAUSTEIN INSTITUT OF DESERT RESEARCHSTUDIES THE GNOM OF DESERT-TREES
Gen-Technology is able to criate green belts , to stop the desert. The life of millions of people is endangered , if we are not able to live together with the danger of drought in regions with few water. In the middle of the Negev-Desert the Jacab Blaustein Institut is making advanced research to study the charteristics of desert-plants and trees, even the metabolic engineering of micro-algae like cyanobacterias.
PISTACHIO-TREE NEAR THE INSTITUT
BIOTECHNOLOGY OF PLANTS AND TREES OF DESERT-REGIONS
The scientists in Bersheva / Israel are making studies about the genome of different trees, with deap roots and with high lifetime .
The hard conditions of survival in desert-regions is leading to a strong selection of species and only the best adapted plants in the desert will resiste . These plants and trees are developping especial genetic characteristics , to subsiste with stress, strong solar irradiation, extrem heat, long periods of dryness and saliniferous soils .
Near the Jacob Blaustein Institut exist um pistachio-tree, more than 300 years old. Cientist began to decrypt the genetical code of this pistachio. They discovered a gene , responsible for the stress-resistance of this tree and detected it in the pullulate. They called the enzyme with the name " Dehydrin" . With this information began a lot of research. Mapping this Dehydrin-Gen they resolved, to transplant this genetical information in other plants. By this way other species are able to survive better in deserts or semi-arid regions. This innovation allows , to produce food in dry regions or to melhorate the yield of oil-bearing trees, like jatropha, jojoba or pongamia, enabeling these species , to survive in dry regions and to produce plantoil with higher yield. By this way semi-arid regions can participate in strategies against global warming, permitting great plantations of lucrative permacultures in the Sahel, in the Brazilian Cerrado or in the Sertão.
HOW TO TRANSFORM THE GNOM OF OIL-BEARING TREES LIKE JATROPHA , CREATING DEEP TAP-ROOTS ?
SEMI-ARID REGIONS NEAR MOUNTAINS HAVE ALWAYS A LOT OF GROUND-WATER , BUT THE FARMING NEEDS IN THE BEGINNING ARTIFICIAL IRRIGATION. PERMACULTURES WITH DEEP-ROOTS CAN SURVIVE IN THE SEMI-DESERT.
OLIVE-TREE – 1700 YEARS OLD
2. STEP: TRANSFER OF KNOW – HOW OF JATROPHA FARMING
JATROPHA-DIESEL – NET : COMPETENCE – NETWORKEXPERIENCES FROM EUROPE, INDIA , AFRICA AND LATINAMERICA
MINI BIODIESEL – UNITS
MEDIUM – SCALE – REFINERY TO PRODUCEBIODIESEL WITH EU-NORM EN 14214
HOW TO TRANSFER TECHNOLGY FOR A FUTURE JATROPHA – PILOT-PROJECT IN TURKEY
The Turkish Goverment and the Association ALBIYOBIR need to organize in a 5 Year-Program a national MEGA-PROJECT JATROPHA , aiming with priority the Region of the South of Turkey, near the frontier with Syria, forming a PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP ( Companies, Cooperatives and Research-Insitutions, with help of an International Consultant-Team). Important is the future cooperation with Germany, Israel and Brazil. Turkey can realize this enterprise in a few years. Jatropha needs 4 years to produce. The lifetime of Jatropha: 50 years , of Jojoba : 150 years. In Permaculture-Farming we can develop a crop-mix, to avoid monoculture.
1.STEP: CREATION OF MEGA-NURSERIES OF JATROPHA IN DIFFERENT REGIONS
3. STEP :DECENTRALISATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING IN UNITS
SMALL: 20.000.000 LITERS ( 7.000 HECTARE ) TO MEDIUM: 50.000.000 LITERS (16.000 HECTARE)
