AUTHORS: Alexis Ramirez ,Willian Coro, John Illecas, Jorge
Salazar, DATE: July 16th 2015SESSION 1: TRANSLATION IIHIGHLIGHTS:
Literal translation Communicative translation Semantic translation
Adaptation Transposition EquivalentNOTES /SPARKSLiteral
translation: this method translates each word from the source
language to target language. Therefore it is produced an inelegant
and inaccurate translation with not clear message. But it is
acceptable to use it when the meaning is not affect or produce an
unnatural expression in the target language. Moreover, in this kind
of translation we can find true and false friends. The first one
refers to words which have similar form and meaning in both
languages. E.g. university: Universidad. The second one refers to
words which have similar form in both languages but the meaning it
is different. E.g. arm: brazo Communicative translation It is a
translation method that is focused on the reader. This translation
method is also the best translation method because is focused on
render the ideas of the text to give a clear message to the person
who is going to read the final product. In this procedure the sense
or the main idea in the source langue is always there, but in this
translation method it is rendered in the target language to give
and understandable message making the text comprehensible for the
person that is going to read the final product. E.g.: sl: that
green car is cheap = tl: aquel automvil verde es barato.Semantic
translation: it is a translation technique that helps the
translator to render the translation work. It is more complex than
communicative translation method because this method is focused on
transmits the writers ideas. Moreover this method is specifically
used in scientific texts that demand to convey the writers ideas
from source language to target language respecting the syntactic
and semantic structures in both languages. Adaptation: a translator
uses this kind of method when any word is not clear. In this case
he or she uses adaptation to express the same idea in different
way. It must be familiar or appropriate to another language.
Adaptation takes two forms. The first one involves modifying the
concept. The second one is the creation of analogous situation. It
is used in plays, poetry and proverbs. In proverbs is essential to
know how to adapt the words to maintain the meaning.E.g.It is
raining cats and dogs Est lloviendo a cntaros Transposition: In
this method the translator expresses the same idea in many natural
way. Here we cant change or distort the meaning. Transposition is
used between English and Spanish because of the preferred position
of the verb in the sentence: This requires that the translator
knows that is possible to replace a word category in the target
language without altering the meaning of the source text, to
express the same idea in a natural way. E.g. How are you? Whats
going on? Whats up? Hi, How are you doing? My point of view
According to He believes that I think thatEquivalents: there are
three kinds of equivalents. Those are:Cultural equivalent: this
procedure changes a source cultural word by a target cultural word
that exists in both languages. As a result it gets an approximate
cultural translation. It is used more in publicity, propaganda and
general texts.E.g. SL word: Apple PieTL word: tarta de manzana
Functional equivalent: This procedure is used when there is not a
real equivalent in the target language for technical words.
Therefore, it gives a function to technical word to clarify its
meaning. Example:SL technical word: KeyboardFunction: to insert
information through a keyboard.Descriptive equivalent: This
procedure is used when is not a direct cultural word equivalent in
the target language. So the translator makes a description and
gives a function to source cultural word. As a result it gets a
clear meaning of the source cultural word. Examples:Machete: (not
equivalent)Description: Latin American heavy instrumentFunction:
cutting or aggression REFLECTIONEach unit of the syllabus the
different translation methods were analyzed and studied by the
students with the guide of the teacher. There was a meaningful
learning where we created our knowledge since the books knowledge
that allowed us to put it on practice to discover how it works.
