Referencing your work using

Harvard

A printable copy of the on-line referencing tool

Version (1.3 – 30/09/2008)

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Contents Referencing Books 3 Referencing Journals 7 Referencing Electronic Media 10 Referencing Electronic resources 13 Referencing Government and Official Documents 17 Referencing Other Resources 19 Secondary Referencing 23 Referencing direct quotes 24

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Books

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Journals

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Electronic media

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Electronic resources

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Referencing Government and Official Documents

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Other resources

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Secondary Referencing

If you are reading a source by one author (in our example McKechnie (1998)) and they cite or quote work by another author (in our example Wing, Lee and Chen (1994)) you may in turn cite or quote the original work (e.g. that of Wing et al. (1994)) as a SECONDARY REFERENCE.

It is always best practice to try and locate the original reference and secondary references should only be used if it is difficult to access the original work. You must remember that in a secondary reference you are seeing the original author's work from someone else's perspective.

This panel shows you how to reference a secondary or indirect reference type. It should be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for the appropriate referencing types used.

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Direct Quotes

This panel shows you how to reference a direct quotation. It should be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for the appropriate referencing types used.

Do not confuse quotations with citations. A citation is the practice of referring to the work of other authors in the text of your assignments.

A direct quotation is where you copy the exact words used by an author and place them unaltered directly into your work. Direct quotations need to be in quotation marks as shown in the example here.

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