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Index

Abbott, Kenneth W., 68action politique territorialisée, 149Adam, David, 96Adams, Carolyn T., 62Advanced Boiling Water reactor

(ABWR), 16Advanced gas-cooled Reactor (AGR),

16, 85–6AEG/KWU, 123Alderman, Liz, 149Alford, Robert R., 71Almond, Gabriel, 39Alstom, 148–9American Nuclear Regulatory Agency,

112Anderson, Charles W., 56, 69Arab oil embargo, 125, 152Areva, 24, 77, 112, 139, 155, 156–7,

157, 161, 164–6, 165, 166, 177–8,178, 188, 200

see also FramatomeArgonne National Laboratory,

121Arte France, 157, 158Arter, David, 71As Low As Reasonably Achievable

(ALARA), 110Atomic Energy Act, 4, 121,

123Atomic Energy Commission (AEC),

121–2, 125, 142atomic fission, 121atomic weapons, 3, 121–2‘Atoms for Peace’, 122authority, 65, 67–8

based governance (seeauthority-based governance)

limits of, 102–4, 135–6authority-based governance, 100–2,

132–6in Finland, 184–5in France, 163–5in the US, 132–6

Babcock and Wilcox, 122Bache, Ian, 49, 82back end cycle, 17Baker, Andrew, 22Baldwin, Robert, 43Bang, Henrick, 50, 52Barjot, Dominique, 150Baron, Frank, 148Bayerische Landesbank, 187–8BBC, 2, 28, 96, 98Bell, Stephen, 43, 47, 48, 49, 52, 59,

64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 96, 130, 194Bemelmans-Videc, Marie-Louise, 63Bennett, A., 74Bernell, David, 116, 128Bernstein, Marver, 21Bevir, Mark, 41, 50, 51, 71Bezes, Paul, 148Binks, Keith, 35Blair, David, 107Blair, Tony, 96Blanchard, Odile, 126, 134Blue Ribbon commission, 143BNP Paribas, 187Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs), 16Börzel, Tanja A., 42Bouckaert, Geert, 71, 73, 115, 148, 172Boyle, Mirian J., 151, 169BP, 27, 118, 120Brady, H.E., 79Braun, Chaim, 134Bredimas, Alexandre, 156breeder reactors, 14Brigham, John, 63, 69British Electricity Authority (BEA), 85British Energy, 88, 90British Nuclear Fuels limited (BNFL),

87–8Brown, Don W., 63, 69Brown, Gordon, 96Brown, Louise, 44Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, The,

122

234

Index 235

Bunn, Matthew, 33Bupp, Irvin C., 4, 124, 154, 201Burness, Stewart H., 23Burrows, Andrew S., 14Bush, George W., 131, 133, 134, 137,

139, 143BWR technology, 122

Camco, 31Canadian Deuterium

Uranium/CANDU reactors, 16capital costs, of nuclear power plants,

9, 23–5Carboni, Julia L., 44, 113Carrigan, Christopher, 21, 45case studies, 74–80

data collection and analysis, 78–80and governance, 74–80importance of, 74selection of, 75–8

Castells, Manuel, 41Castles, Francis G., 71Central Electricity Generating Board

(CEGB), 83, 86centralized economic system, 115centralized market economies (CMEs),

73–4Central Planning Council, 147Centrica, 92, 108Chen, Xi, 22Chernobyl nuclear disaster, 1, 4, 35,

175–6, 183Chernus, Ira, 122Chhotray, Vashuda, 6, 7, 38, 41, 43Chirac, Jacques, 147, 163Church Rock uranium mine, 18Chyba, Christopher F., 134civil nuclear power programme, 122Clarke, Mark, 102Clarke, Thomas, 87Climate Change Act, 89coal ash, 18coal-fired power plants, 117, 123Coface, 188Cogema, 139Coglianese, Cary, 21, 45Cold War, 171collibration, 53Collier, D., 79

Collings, Daniel, 90Combustion Engineering, 122Commissariat a I’Energie Atomique et

aux énergies (CEA), 151, 154, 157,168–9

communes, 149Compagnie Generale des Matiéres

Nucléaire (COGEMA), 155Congressional Budget Office (CBO),

23, 34, 140Congressional Research Service (CRS),

34Construction and Operating License

(COL), 133Contract for Difference (CfD), 106–7,

108Contracts, turnkey, 124–5, 141, 177,

208Cooke, Stephanie, 165, 169, 201Cooper, Mark, 29co-regulation, 46Corps des Mines, 148, 156–7Cour des Comptes (Court of Auditors),

23, 24, 156, 157Cowen, Robin, 122Craig, J. Dean, 117Crédit Lyonnais, 148Crick, Martin, 116, 150Cummins, Tom, 102

Damgaard, Bodil, 52, 60Darst, Robert, 176, 177, 189data analysis, 78–80data collection, 78–80David, Paul A., 75Dawson, Jane L., 176, 177, 189Deakin, Nicholas, 43de Chatillon, Renaud Abord, 157Decision in Principle (DiP), 175–6,

179, 185decommissioning, 32–5De Gaulle, Charles, 146–7, 163Deiterich, Katherine R., 77Del Sesto, Steven L., 5, 121départements, 149Department of Business, Enterprise

and Regulatory Reform (BERR), 97Department of Energy and Climate

Change, 84, 93

236 Index

Department of Trade and Industry, 27Derian, Jean-Claude, 4, 124, 154, 201d’Estaing, Valéry Giscard, 147, 155Detroit Edison, 126Deutsch, Karl W., 39dirigsme, 148, 158, 162, 163Dolgin, Janet L., 77Dominion Virginia, 126Doosan Heavy Industries, 161double perspective, 46Duke Energy, 18, 126, 139Dunsire, Andrew, 53Duquesne Light Company, 123

Economist, The, 178Edelenbos, Jurian, 45, 74, 168Eggers, William D., 42Électricité de France (EDF), 78, 88, 92,

107, 108, 112, 126, 147, 148,150–3, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155,156, 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164,165–6, 166, 167, 200, 202, 206

electricity, 25–6Electricity Act 1989, 104electricity industry, 116–28

average US electricity prices, 120electricity supplied by fuel type, 118in Finland, 172–9in France, 150–8Great Britain, 82–4history of nuclear power in the US,

121–5power output of US reactors, 123revival of nuclear power in the US,

125–8in the US, 116–28

Electricity Market Act, 174Electricity Market Reform (EMR), 76Electricity Regulation Commission

(CRE), 153Electricity Supply Act 1919, 82Energy Act, 162–3Energy Act 2013, 107Energy Authority, 85, 174energy consumption, in the U.S., 114Energy Information Administration,

18, 118, 120, 151Energy Policy Act (EPACT), 131,

136–8, 204–5

Energy White Paper, 90, 96Enpain Schneider group, 155Environment Agency (EA), 95Environmental Protection Agency, 17,

136E.On, 92, 107, 156, 178Eurobarometer, 158, 182Eurojoki DiP, 177European Commission (EC), 87, 107,

188European Large Combustion Plants

Directive (LCPD), 89European Pressurized Reactor (EPR),

16, 156, 160–1, 167European Union Emissions Trading

Scheme (EU ETS), 27European Union (EU), 53, 176, 203,

206Evans, P., 62Executive Order (EO), 134, 135

Fages, Fabrice, 153fast reactors, 14Federal Credit Reform Act, 138Federal Energy Policy Act, 116Federal Energy Regulatory

Commission (FERC), 116order 888, 117

Federal Register, 115federalism, 114Fennovoima Oyi, 178–9, 191Fenwick, John, 47, 186, 194Ferguson, Charles D., 15, 17, 31, 35Fernie, John, 125Fieldhouse, Richard W., 14Finegold, Kenneth, 49Finland

authority-based governance in,184–5

electricity consumption in, 187electricity generation by fuel in, 173electricity industry in, 172–9Electricity Market Act, 174electrification in, 172–3environmental movement in, 186governing a revival of nuclear

power in, 179–91government and governance in,

171–2

Index 237

hydropower in, 173Kyoto Protocol and, 176limits to authority in, 185limits to nodality in, 183–4limits to organizational capacity in,

190–1limits to treasure in, 186–9nodality-based governance in,

179–84Nordic tradition of government, 77Nuclear Energy Act, 175–6and nuclear power exploration, 11nuclear power in, 174–6nuclear safety and, 183organizational capacity-based

governance, 189–91revival of nuclear power in, 176–9treasure-based governance in, 185–9

Fishback, Price, 116Flamanville 3, 24Flinders, Mathew, 49, 82fluorine, 19Fortum Sähkönsiirto Oy (Fortum),

174–5, 178, 187, 200Fossil Fuel Levy (FFL), 87Framatome, 123, 155, 156

see also ArevaFrance

authority-based governance in,163–5

electricity industry in, 150–8electricity production by source in,

151government and governance in,

146–50limits to authority in, 164–5limits to nodality in, 162–3limits to organizational capacity in,

169limits to treasure in, 167Napoleonic tradition of

government, 78nodality-based governance in,

158–63and nuclear power exploration, 11nuclear power in, 154–6organizational capacity-based

governance in, 168–9

power reactors orders andcommissioning dates in, 152

revival of nuclear power in, 156–8treasure-based governance in,

166–7Franco-Américaine de Constructions

Atomiques. see FramatomeFreeman, Gary, 71Friedland, Roger, 71front-end cycle, 17Frost, Robert L., 150Fukushima nuclear disaster, 1–2, 5, 22,

35, 177

Gamble, Andrew, 81gas-graphite technology, 3, 4, 154Gaullist movement, 147Gaz de France (GDF), 150GDF Suez, 78, 92, 148, 153, 164–5,

165, 206General Atomics, 122General Electric (GE), 16, 121, 122,

124–5, 125, 148–9Generation III reactors, 16Generation II reactors, 16Generation II+ reactors, 16Generation I reactors, 16Generation IV reactors, 16Generic Design Assessment (GDA),

110, 112Gen IV International Forum, 16Geoghegan, David, 35George, A., 74Gerring, John, 8, 74Gias, Thomas L., 77Goldsmith, Stephen, 42governance, 6–7

authority-based, 132–6case studies, 74–80and energy infrastructure, 8–9in Finland, 171–2in France, 146–50in Great Britain, 81–2and institutions, 39–41interpretative, 50–2, 194limits of, 7–9, 56–7, 197–9metagovernance, 52–6network, 42nodality-based, 128–32

238 Index

governance – continuedorganizational capacity-based,

142–4research design, 70–4social interaction in, 7society-centric, 44–7state-centric, 47–9treasure-based, 137–42in the US, 115waves of, 41–56

governmentin Finland, 171–2in France, 146–50in the US, 115

Government Accountability Office, 34Gowing, Margaret, 3, 4, 14, 84, 85, 95,

201grand chantier, 166grand corps, 148Great Britain

authority based governance, 100–4electricity industry, 82–4energy challenge, 89–91governance in, 81–2liberal governing tradition, 76nodality based governance, 93–100nuclear power, 84–9organizational capability-based

governance, 109–12and revival of nuclear power, 10–11treasure based governance, 105–9

Green, Richard, 85Greenberg, Michael, 130Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions,

89Grubler, A., 24, 156Gunningham, Neil, 45

Hajer, Maarten A., 43, 67Hall, Paul A., 40Hammerschmid, Gerhard, 72hard law, 68Harvey, Charles, 148Harvey, David, 82Hawkins, Arthur, 86Hawkins, Keith, 46Hay, Colin, 40heavy water reactor (HWR), 15

Hecht, Gabrielle, 5, 14, 95, 148, 150,151, 154, 155, 160, 166

Heidenheimer, Arnold J., 62Helco, Hugh, 62Helm, Dieter, 84Hendriks, Frank, 71, 200Hendry, Charles, 98Hèritier, Adrienne, 68, 100Hesse, Joachim J., 71Hewlett, Richard G., 122, 123Heywood, Jack E.S., 147, 150High Level Wastes (HLW), 33Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU), 15Hindmoor, Andrew, 43, 47, 48, 52,

53, 59, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 130,194

Hinnings, C. Robert, 22Hirschberg, Stefan, 36historical institutionalists, 40Hitachi, 92HM Government, 98Hobson, J.M., 62Holl, Jack M., 122, 123Hollande, François, 147, 162, 164,

206Hood, Chris, 10, 42, 60, 62, 64, 65, 66,

67, 69, 76, 108–9, 144, 167, 169,203

Horizon Partnership, 92Howlett, Michael, 62Hughes, Thomas P., 26, 82, 116Hultsman, Nathan E., 24hydraulic fracturing, 120hydropower, 173

Iberdrola, 92Immergut, Ellen M., 40, 68Independent System Operators (ISO),

117see also Regional Transmission

Organizations (RTO)Infrastructure Planning Commission

(IPC), 101–2Ingram, Helen, 60, 64, 66, 67, 69,

100Initial Public Offering (IPO), 153institutionalism, 39–41

actor-centred, 46sociological, 39

Index 239

institutionsdefined, 39and governance, 39–41rational choice institutionalists, 39

Interagency Review Group on NuclearWaste (IRG), 142–3

Intermediate Level Wastes (ILW), 33International Atomic Energy Agency

(IAEA), 153, 175interpretative governance, 50–2,

194investor-owned utilities, 117

Jackson, Ian, 20, 33, 35Jasper, James M., 3, 5, 72, 75, 125,

145, 150, 152, 154, 155, 201,202

Jenkins-Smith, Hank, 183Jentoft, Svein, 54, 55Jepperson, Ronald L., 71, 72, 82Jersey Central Power and Light, 124Jessop, Bob, 40, 52, 53, 57, 70, 168,

189, 196, 208John, Peter, 49, 63, 66, 67, 80, 98Johnston-Miller, Karen, 47, 186, 194Joint Electricity Authorities (JEA),

82–3Jolly, David, 149Jones, Michael D., 183Jorant, Caroline, 97Jordana, Jacint, 45JP Morgan, 187

Kassim, Hussein, 63Kelly, Josie, 54Kemp, Ray, 33, 35, 86Kettunen, Pekka, 172Kickert, Walter J.M., 44, 71Kidd, S., 34Kitchens, Carl, 116Kiviniemi, Markku, 172Kjær, Anne M., 41, 43Klijn, Erik-Hans, 42, 44, 45, 55, 74,

168Kling, Gerhard, 148Knight, Ben, 98Kojo, Matti, 189Kolb, Felix, 175, 183Kooiman, Jan, 54, 55

Koomey, Jonathan, 24Koppenjan, Joop. F.M., 44, 45, 168Kunnas, Jan, 173Kyoto Protocol, 89, 176

Labour Party, The, 28, 89, 99, 101, 203Lammi, Harri, 176, 182, 189Lane, Jan-Eric, 42Langley, Kevin, 33Large, John, 185Large Combustion Plants Directive, 27Lascoumes, Pierre, 59, 63Lauvergeon, Anne, 24law

hard, 68soft, 68

Le Galès, Patrick, 59, 63, 73Lehtonen, Markku, 75Le Monde, 24, 157Lessard, Roger, 80Levi-Faur, David, 41, 45Lægreid, Per, 42liberal market economies (LMEs), 73–4Lidström, Anders, 71, 200light water reactor (LWR), 15light water technology, 5, 122Lilienthal, David E., 3, 121limits of authority

in Finland, 185in France, 164–5in the United States, 135–6

limits of governancecosts and benefits, 208–9

limits of nodalityin Finland, 183–4in France, 162–3in the United States, 131–2

limits of organizational capacityin Finland, 190–1in France, 169in the United States, 143–4

limits of treasurein Finland, 186–9in France, 167in the United States, 139–42

Linder, Stephen, 63loan guarantee scheme, 137–8Localism Act, 102Lodge, Martin, 43, 45, 46

240 Index

logics of appropriateness, 39Long Island Lighting Company, 132Loughlin, John, 71, 72, 76, 148, 171,

200Loviisa nuclear power plant, 174–5Low Enriched Uranium (LEU), 15Low Level Wastes (LLW), 32–3Lowry, David, 33Lucas, Nicholas J.D., 150, 151, 155,

156, 160, 164, 169Lukes, Steven, 56Luoma-aho, Vilma, 182

Macalister, Terry, 99Maclean, Mari, 148Magnox reactors, 16, 85Mahoney, James, 41, 79Majone, Giandomenico, 45Malaska, Pertti, 174Mallory, James M., 56Manhattan project, 121Mankala principle, 174, 177, 187Mann, Michael, 47, 61, 62March, James G., 39, 40, 51, 95, 104,

109Margetts, Helen Z., 10, 60, 62, 64, 65,

66, 67, 69, 76, 108–9, 144, 167,169, 203

Marinetto, Mike, 43Marsh, David, 51, 53, 82Marshall, Catherine, 74Martinez, Cecilia, 121Martiskainen, Mari, 75Mathews, Felicity, 52, 62, 74Mayntz, Renate, 46, 72McAnulla, S., 51McCallion, Kenneth F., 23, 130, 133McGregor, D., 64McMahon Act. see Atomic Energy

ActMcTavish, Duncan, 47, 186, 194Medvedev, Zhores, 3, 35Messmer plan, 152, 156, 160metagovernance, 9, 52–6

assumptions, 52–3comparative study of, 195–200defined, 54, 115described, 52forms of, 55

instruments, techniques and toolsof, 129

and nuclear power in Great Britain,91–3

of revival of nuclear power, 128in theory and practice, 194–5treasure-based approach to, 108

Meuleman, Louis, 52, 53, 54Meyer, Renate, 72Miliband, Ed, 100mill tailings, 32Milward, H. Brinton, 44Ministry of Energy, 86, 162, 163,

166Ministry of Fuel and Power, 85Mitterrand, François, 147, 156Mixed Oxides (MOX), 15moderators, 14Mols, Frank, 66, 130Montgomery, W. David, 23Morris, Marc, 48Morselm, Henri, 150MOX fuel, 18Mudd, Gavin M., 18municipally owned utilities, 117Myllyntaus, Timo, 172, 173

Napoleonic tradition, 73National Academy of Sciences (NAS),

20, 142National Audit Office, 88National Clean Air Plan, 135National Clean Power Plan, 135National Coalition Party, 172National Commission for Public

Debate, 161National Energy Policy Development

Group (NEPDG), 27, 126National Grid, 103, 150natural gas-fired power plants, 27Nelkin, Dorothy, 155Nelsen, Arthur, 108neptunium, 15Neste, 174network governance, 42, 44Neville, Simon, 68Newman, Janet, 51New Public Management, 42

Index 241

nodality, 65, 66–7based governance (see

nodality-based governance)limits of, 99–100, 131–2, 162–3,

183–4nodality-based governance, 93–9,

128–32in Finland, 179–84in France, 158–63in the United States, 128–32

Non-Physical Traders, 83Nordea, 187Nordic style societies, 72–3NORDPool, 174, 177Nordqvist, Bror, 173Norris, Robert S., 14North, Douglass C., 39Nuclear Decommissioning Authority

(NDA), 33, 88Nuclear Energy Act, 175–6Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), 31, 35,

158, 179nuclear fission, 15nuclear fuel cycle, 17–21

back end cycle, 17front-end cycle, 17

nuclear fuelsfabrication, 18–19reprocessing, 19–20supply, 31–2

Nuclear Generation Decommissioning(NGD), 87

Nuclear Investors Conference(NIC), 97

Nuclear Liabilities Fund (NFL), 87nuclear power

brief history of, 3–6British, 84–9and climatic change, 5described, 13–15electricity industry and, 116–28in energy provision, 1in Finland, 174–6, 179–91focus on, 1–2in France, 154–8and governance, 7government and governance of, 115history in the US, 121–5and military necessity, 3

public opinion of, 2revival in the US, 125–8US Congress on exporting, 4

nuclear power plantscapital costs associated with, 9categories, 14in Great Britain, 3operating costs associated with,

25–30vs. generation technology, 5

nuclear reactors, 3moderators, 14plutonium used as fuel, 15types of, 15–17uranium used as fuel, 15US Navy, 3

Nuclear Regulatory Commission,17, 32

nuclear reprocessing, 19–20nuclear safety, 35–6nuclear technology, 201Nuclear Waste Policy Act, 143nuclear wastes, 19Nuttall, William (Bill) J., 156

Obama, Barack, 127, 131, 134, 143,205

Obinger, Herbert, 71Ocasio, William, 40OECD, 31, 45Office of Naval Reactors, 123Office of Nuclear Development

(OND), 109Office of Nuclear Regulation (ONR),

21, 110–12O’Keefe, Daniel J., 130Olkilouto 3, 24, 35, 177–9, 187,

190Olkiluoto power plant, 174Olsen, Johan P., 39, 40, 51Ongaro, Edoardo, 71Onkalo geological depository, 176,

189Openshaw, Stan, 125operating costs, and nuclear power,

25–30electricity, 25–6fuel costs, 27

organization, 65, 69–70

242 Index

organizational capability-basedgovernance, 109–12

organizational capacity, 143–4organizational capacity-based

governance, 142–4in Finland, 189–91in France, 168–9in the US, 142–4

Organization for EconomicCooperation and Development(OECD), 31

Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), 158O’Riordan, Tim R., 86, 87Orszag, Paul R., 34Osborne, Stephen, 44O’Toole, Laurence J. Jr., 42, 44Owen, Anthony D., 17, 31, 32,

122

Painter, Martin, 59, 62, 71, 115Parsons, Craig, 40Peltzman, Steve, 45Perez-Diaz, Victor M., 71Performance and Innovation Unit, 90Perkaus, James F., 126, 134Perri 6, 70Peters, B. Guy, 38, 40, 41, 47, 48,

52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 63, 67, 71, 72,73, 76, 115, 128, 148, 171, 200,207

Peterson, Mark A., 77Pfeifer, Sylvia, 107Pierre, Jon, 38, 41, 42, 47, 48, 57, 62Planning Act (2008), 101–2Plelelis, Christos, 87plutonium, 15

production, 20Pohjolan Voima Oy (PVO), 174policy instruments, 60, 62–4

authority, 65, 67–8nodality, 65, 66–7organization, 65, 69–70treasure, 65, 68–9

policy techniques, 63policy tools, 63political economy of nuclear power

construction costs, 23–5nuclear fuel supply, 31–2operating costs, 25–30

radioactive waste anddecommissioning, 32–5

regulation and regulatory costs,21–3

Politics as a Vocation (Weber), 62Pollak, Michael, 155Pollitt, Chris, 43, 71, 73, 115, 148, 172Pompidou, Georges, 147, 155Ponts et Chaussées, 148, 156Poortinga, Wouter, 2Pope, Daniel, 23Porras-Gómez, Antonio-Martin, 53, 69Posiva Oy, 189Posner, Richard A., 21Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs), 16Princeton Conference, 142Production d’Electricité d’Origine

Nucléaire (PEON) Committee, 154Progress Energy, 126Public Perspective, 158Public Service Commission of Georgia,

126Public Utility Commissions (PUCs),

116–17, 126, 130Purdue, Michael, 86PWR technology, 122, 155

radioactive wastes, 20, 32–5, 142, 189radon gas, 17Ramesh, M., 62RAOS Voima Oy, 178rational choice institutionalists, 39RBMK technology, 4, 16Reay, Trish, 22Rees, Joseph, 45Regional Transmission Organizations

(RTO), 117see also Independent System

Operators (ISO)regulation, and nuclear power, 21–3regulatory costs, and nuclear power,

21–3regulatory theory, 21Reid, Harry, 98, 143–4, 144Renewables Obligation Certificates

(ROC), 90–1research design, 70–4Rhodes, Rod A.W., 39, 43, 50–1, 51,

53, 57, 67, 71, 82

Index 243

Richardson, Jeremy, 56, 71Roberts, Karlene H., 26Robinson, Mike E., 151, 169Rodgers, Howard, 27, 120Rosatom, 178–9, 208Rosenbaum, Walter A., 127Rossman, Gretchen B., 74Rothstein, Bo, 39Rothwell, Geoffrey S., 75Rousselly, François, 161Rubin, Alissa J., 149Rüdig, Wolfgang, 75RWE NPower, 92, 107, 156

Saarinen, Myria, 153Salamon, Lester M., 44, 59, 62, 63, 64,

70, 100Sarkozy, Nicolas, 147, 161–2, 206Savage, Scott J., 117Savas, Emmanual S., 43Saward, Michael, 73, 95Säynässalo, Erika, 72, 172, 176Scharpf, Fritz W., 46, 67, 72Schmidt, Suzanne K., 39, 71Schneider, Anne, 60, 64, 66, 67, 69,

100Schneider, Mycle, 161Scott, Inara, 116, 128Scottish and Southern Electricity

(SSE), 92, 107Scottish National Party (SNP), 104Seawright, J., 79Second World War, 121, 148, 150SEK, 188Seldon, Anthony, 90self-regulation, 45Separative Work Unit (SWU), 18Service Observation et Statisiques or

SOeS, 151Sharpe, Lawrence J., 71Siemens, 156, 177–8Simpson, John, 3, 14, 16, 28, 85,

97, 99Sinatra inference, 8, 74–5Single European Act, 153Sinisalo, J., 24Sizewell B., 86, 87, 100Skelcher, Chris, 42, 45Skocpol, Thelda, 49

Smith, Martin J., 47, 48, 52Smith, Rebecca, 18Snidal, Duncan, 68Snowden, Peter, 90Social Democratic Party, 172Socialist Party, 155society-centric governance, 44–7sociological institutionalism/

institutionalists, 39soft law, 68Sordi, Bernardo, 72Sørensen, Eva, 53, 54, 55, 66, 105, 109Soskice, David, 73, 196South Carolina Electric and Gas

Company, 125Southern Company, 125South Texas Nuclear, 126Sovacool, Benjamin K., 18, 19, 24, 34Soviet Obninsk AES reactor, 3Soviet Union, 121, 171

and nuclear technology, 4Stark, Alistair, 53state capacity, 61–5

defined, 61policy instruments, 62–4policy techniques, 63policy tools, 63

state-centred corporatism, 72state-centric governance, 47–9Statistical Review of World Energy, 118Statistics Finland, 174, 176Steam Generating Heavy Water

Reactor (SGHWR), 85–6Steinmo, Sven, 40Stigler, George J., 21, 45Stivers, Caroline, 56Stoker, Gerry, 6, 7, 28, 38, 41, 43, 44,

48, 49, 51, 52, 68, 97, 99, 100Stone & Webster, 139strategic relational approach, 40STUK, 175, 178, 183, 185, 190Submarine Propulsion Project, 121Svenska Handelsbanken, 187

tailings, 17Taylor, Andrew, 47Taylor, Rosemary C.R., 40, 47Taylor, Simon, 87Technicatome, 155

244 Index

Teichel, Holgar, 156Teisman, Geert R., 45, 74Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), 77,

123, 125–6Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO), 77,

174–9, 185, 188Teräväinena, Tuula, 75Terhi, Oskari, 173Termeer, Katrien, 44, 168Thatcher, Mark, 73Thelen, Kathleen, 47, 72thermal reactors, 14thermonuclear weapons, 122Thomas, Steve, 5, 23, 28, 77, 83, 88Thompson, George, 84Thornton, Patricia H., 40Three Mile Island nuclear disaster, 1,

5, 35Tilton, John E., 31TNS Sofres, 158Toke, David, 76tools of government, 10The Tools of Government (Salamon), 64Torfing, Jacob, 52, 60Toshiba, 88tradition of government, 71–4treasure

based governance (see treasure-basedgovernance)

government, 65, 68–9limits of, 107–9, 139–42, 167,

186–9treasure-based governance, 105–7,

137–42in Finland, 185–9in France, 166–7in the United States, 137–42

turnkey contracts, 124–5, 141, 177,208

UNGG (Uranium Naturel Graphite Gaz),16

Union for a Popular Movement(UMP), 147

Union of Concerned Scientists, 23United Kingdom, 2United Kingdom Atomic Energy

Authority (UKAEA), 85–6United Nations, 35, 174

United Statesauthority-based governance in,

132–5electricity industry in, 77, 116–21electricity utilities in, 117electrification in, 116government and governance in, 115history of nuclear power in, 121–5hybrid tradition of government, 77limits of authority in, 135–6limits of nodality in, 131–2marginal fuel by market in, 119metagoverning a revival of nuclear

power in, 128nodality-based governance in,

128–31nuclear fuels reprocessing, 19on nuclear power civil applications,

3–4nuclear revival, 11organizational capacity-based

governance in, 142–4revival of nuclear power in, 125–8treasure-based governance in,

137–42United States Geological Survey, 18United States National Research

Council, 20UNSCEAR (United Nations Scientific

Committee on the Effects ofAtomic Radiation), 35

uranium, 15enrichment, 18–19mining, 17–18price determination, 31

uranium hexafluoride (HEX), 18–19URENCO, 19US constitution, 115US Department of Energy (DOE), 16US Navy, 122US Nuclear Regulatory Commission

(NRC), 32, 125–6, 130, 132–3, 142

Van Asselt, Marjolein, 44van der Doelen, F.C.J., 66Van Ham, Hans, 45Vedung, Evert Oskar, 64, 66, 69Verhoest, Koen, 42Vogtle, 77

Index 245

Voimaosakeyhtiö SF, 178Vos, Martia, 182VVER technology, 4

Walker, Jack L., 77Walls, John, 56Walters, William, 48Wang, Qiang, 22, 45Watkiss, Dan, 33Watts Bar, 77weapons

atomic, 121–2thermonuclear, 122

Weber, Max, 62Weingast, Barry R., 39Weiss, Linda, 62

Westinghouse, 88, 122–4, 155,175

Whitehead, Mark, 53Williams, Roger, 5, 14, 23, 85, 95, 105,

125, 201Williamson, Oliver E., 42Winskel, Mark, 83Wintour, Patrick, 96, 99Wollmann, Helmutt, 149World Bank, 114World Nuclear Association, 17, 19, 27,

32, 75, 140, 178World Nuclear News, 33, 108, 143,

157, 161, 162, 166, 177, 178

Yin, Robert K., 74