REFERENCES

Andre, J. C., deMoor, G., Lacarrere,P., Therry, G. and duVachat, R., 1978: Modeling the 24 hour evolution of the mean and turbulent structures of the planetary boundary layer. J. of Atmospheric Sciences, 35, 1861-1883.

Arya, S. P., 1981: Parameterizing the height of the Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Journal of Applied MeL ,vol 20, 1192-1202.

Arya, S. P., 1982: Atmospheric Boundary Layers over Homogeneous Terrain. Ch. 6 in Engineering Meteorology (E. Plate,ed.), Elsevier, New York.233-268.

Atkinson, B. W., 1981: Meso -scale Atmospheric circulations,Academic Press,London, 495.

Ayer, H. S., 1961: On the dissipation of drainage wind system in the valley in morning hours. Journal of Meteorology. 18, (4): 560-563.

Barr, S., R. E. Luna, VI. E. Clements, H. W. Church, and H. D. Sivinski, 1976:Workshop on research needs for atmospheric transport and diffusion in complex terrain, Albuquerque, New Mexico, NTIS CONF-7609160, U.S.A.

Barr, S., W. E. Clements, 1984:Diffusion modeling: Principles of application. In Atmospheric Science and Power Production,(Ed. Darryl Randerson), U. S. Dept. of Energy, DOE/TIC -27601: 584-619 .

Bean, B. R., A. S. Frisch, L. G. MCAllister, and J.R. Pollard, 1973: Planetary Boundary Layer turbulence studies from acoustic echo sounder and in situ measurements. Boundary Layer Meteor., 4, 449-474. '-

Benoit, R., 1977: On the Integral of the Surface Layer Profile Gradient Functions, 1. Appl. Meteor., vol. 16, 859-860.

Bjorklund, 1. R. and J.F. Bowers, 1979: User's Instructions for the SHORTZ and LONGZ computer programs- Volume -1. TR-79-131- 01, H.E. Cramer Company, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, 332.

Black, T.A.,Tanner,C.B.,and Gardner,W.R. 1970: Evapotranspiration from a snap bean crop Agron.J.,62, 62-69.

Briggs, G.A., 1969:Plume Rise. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Division of Technical Information. 81.

155

Briggs, G.A., 1971:Plume Rise: A recent critical review.In: Consequences of Effluent Release, K.E. Cower (Editor). Nuc1e..Qr Safety, 12 (1): 15-24.

Briggs, G. A., 1975:Plume rise predictions. Presented at American Meteorological Society Workshop on Meteorology and Environmental Assessment, Sept 29 - Oct 3, 1975, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. (NOAA/ATDL Contribution No. 75/15). 53.

Brighton, P.W.M., 1977: Boundary layer and stratified flow over obstacles. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Cambridge, England.

Brighton, P. W .M., 1978: Strongly Stratified Flow Past Three Dimensional Obstacles. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 104: 289-307.

Brun,L.J.,Kanemasu,E.T. and Powers,W.L. 1973: Estimating transpiration resistance. Agron. J. 65, 326-328

Burt, E. W.,1977:·Valley model user's Guide. EPA-450/2-77-018, u.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC,112

Carras, J. N. and D.J. Williams 1984: Experimental studies of plume dispersion in convective conditions. Atmospheric Environment, 18:135-144.

Carson, D. J. 1973: The deveiopment of a dry inversion capped convectively unstable boundary layer.Quart.J.Roy.Met.Soc; 9, 450-467.

Caughey, S.J., Wyngaard,J.C. and Kaimal, J.C.1979: Turbulence in the Evolving Stable Boundary Layer J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 1041-1052.

Cermak, J. E., E. J. Plate, 1963: Investigations to develop wind tunnel techniques for measuring atmospheric gaseous diffusion in model vegetative surface. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, ARS, Contract No. 12-13-100-4546(41), July 1963, 10.

Cermak J. E., 1966:Laboratory simulation of atmospheric motions in the lowest one hundred meters. Meeting on Ground-Wind load problems in relation to Launch Vehicles, Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, U.S.A., 7-8 Jan. 1966.

Cermak J. E., 1. A. Peterka, 1967:Simulation ·of stably stratified wind fields over complex terrain. 48th Annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union, April 1967.

Cermak 1. E., M. M. Orgill, L. O. Grant, 1970:Laboratory simulation of atmospheric motion and transport over complex topography as related to cloud seeding operations. Proc. of Second National Conf. on Weather Modification, Santa Barbara, CA, U.S.A., Apr. 6, 1970.

Cermak J. E., 1976 : Aerodynamics of buildings. Ann.Rev.Fluid Mech., 8 : 75-106.

156

Clarke, R.H., 1970 : Observational Studies in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Quart. J. Roy. Met. soc.96,91-114.

Clarke, R.H. 1979 : A model for short and medium range dispersion of radionuc1ides released to the atmosphere. (First report of a working group on atmospheric dispersion) National Radiological Protection Board Report NRPB- R91. .

Clements W. E., and S. Barr,1976:Atmospheric transport and dispersal at a site dominated by complex terrain.PrO<::. Third Symp. on Atmospheric Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Quality, Oct. 19-22, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.,430-435.

Clements W.E., C.l.Nappo 1980: Observations of a drainage flow event on a high altitude simple slope J. Climatological Application Meteorology, 22(2): 331-335.

CRSTER : User's Manual for single source (CRSTER) mode1,U. S. EPA Report Nq. EPA-45-/2-7-013 (NTIS Acc. No.PB 271360), July 1977.

Deardroff,J.W., 1972 : Parameterization of the planetary boundary layer for use in general circulation models Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 93-106.

Deardroff,J.W. and Vlillis,G.E. 1975: A parameterization of diffusion into the mixed layer; J. App!. Meteor., 14, 1451-1458.

DeBass, A. F., and A.G.M., Driedonks, 1985 : Internal gravity waves in a stable stratified boundary layer. Boundary Layer Meteor., 31, 303-323.

DeNevers, N. and J.R.Morris 1975: "Rollback Modeling: Basic and Modified." J. Air Poll. Control Assn., 25, 943-947

Dickerson M. H., P. H. Gudiksen, 1983:Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain Technical Progress Report FY-1979 through FY-1983, ASCOT 84-1.367.

Dickerson M. H., P. H. Gudiksen, 1983:Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain Technical Progress Report FY-1979 through FY-1983, UCID-19851, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 367

Donaldson C.duP., 1973:Construction of a dynamic model of the production of atmospheric turbulence and· the dispersal of atmospheric pollutants. In: Workshop on Micrometeorology, D. A. Haugen (ed.),AMS,392.

Doran J. C., T. W. Horst, P. W. Nickola~ 1978(a): Variations in measured values of lateral diffusion parameters. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 17: 825-831.

157

Doran J. C., T. W. Horst, P. W. Nickola, 1978(b):Experimental observations of the dependence of lateral and vertical dispersion characteristics on source height. Atmospheric Environment, 12: 2259-2263.

Drake,R.L., D.J. McNaughton ,C. Huang,1979: Mathematical models for atmospheric pollutants. Appendix D: Available Air Quality Models, EPRI,EA-1131, Research Project 805. m,o: 100-_

Drake, R. L., C. H. Huang and W. E. Da~is, 1981: Green River Ambient Assessment Program - Progress Report for the Regional and Mesoscale Flow Modeling Components. PNL-3988, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA, 123.

Drazin, P. G., 1961:0n the steady flow of a fluid of variable density past an obstacle. Tell us, 13: 239-251.

Durst, C. S .1933 :The breakdown of steep wind gradient inversions Quart. J. Roy Meteorl. Soc., 59, 131-136.

Egan, B. A., 1975:Turbulent diffusion in complex terrain. In: Lectures on Air Pollution and Environmental Impact Analyses. American Meteorological Society, September 30-0ctober 3, 1975, Boston, U.S.A.

Egan B. A., 1984:Transport and diffusion in complex terrain (Review). Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 30: 3-28.

Environmental Research and Technology, Inc., 1982: User's Guide to the Rough Terrain Diffusion Model (RTDM). ERT No. M2209- 585, Environmental Research and Technology, Inc., Concord, MA, 225.

Federer,C.A.,1975: A soil plant-atmosphere model for transpiration and availability of soil water, Water Resources Res., 15, 555..;562

Fujita, T., 1967: Mesoscale aspects of orographic influences on flow and precipitation patterns. Proc. of Symp. on Mountain Meteorology, AMS, U.S.A.

Garrett, A. J., 1982: Observations in the nocturnal boundary layer Boundary Layer Meteorology,2221-48.

Gifford, F.A., 1961 :Use of routine meteorological observations for estimating atmospheric dispersion. Nuclear Safety, 2: 47-51.

Gifford, F. A., 1976: Turbulent diffusion-typing schemes: A review. Nuclear Safety, 17 (1): 68-86.

Glandening, J.W.,J.A.Businger,and R.J.Farber, 1984: Improving plume rise prediction accuracy for stable atmosphere with complex vertical structure, JAPCA,34: 1128-1133.

158

Golay, M. W. 1982: Numerical modeling of the buoyant plumes in a turbulent, stratified atmosphere, Atmospheric Environment, 16: 2373-2381.

Gossard, E. E., J. E., Gayner, R.I. Zamora, and W.D. Neff, 1985: Fine structure of elevated stable layers observed by sounder and in situ tower sensors. J. Atoms ,Sci., 42, 2156-2169.

Gudiksen, P.H., M. H. Dickerson, 1983:Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain {ASCOT), Technical Progress Report, FY- 1979 through FY-1983, (Editors P. H. Gudiksen and M. H. Dickerson), Executive Summary.41.

Haltiner, G.J.,and Martin F.L., 1957: Dynamical and Physical Meteorology , McGraw-Hill, New York 470.

Hanna, S. R., 1978: Some statistics of Lagrangian aJid Eulerian wind fluctuations. Journal of Applied Meteorology 18: 518-525.

Hanna S.R., 1980:Measured sigma y and sigma theta in complex terrain near the TVA Windows Creek, Alabama, steam plant. Atmospheric Environment, 14: 401-407.

Hanna, S. R., 1981: Lagrangian and Eulerian time-scale relations in the day-time boundary layer. Journal of Applied Meteorology 20: 242-249.

Hanna, S. R., 1982:Review of atmaspheric diffusion models for regulatory applications. WMO - No. 581, Technical Note No. 177, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 42.

Hanna,S. R., G. A. Briggs, and R. P. Hosker Jr., 1982: Handbook on atmospheric diffusion. U. S. Dept. of Energy, DOE/TIC-11223, 102.

Harrison, R.M., C. D. Holman, B.A. McCorteny, and J.F.R. Mclevenn 1978: Nocturnal depletion of photochemical ozone at a rural site. Atmos. Environ., 12, 2021-2026.

Hay, J. S., and F. Pasquill, 1959: DiffusiQn from continuous source in relation to the spectrum and scale of turbulence. Advances in Geophysics Vol. 6, Academic Press, New

. York, 345-365.

Henderson Sellers, B. 1987: Modeling of plume rise and dispersion-The university of Salford model-USEPA. Lectures note in Engineering, edited by C.A. Breffia and S.A., Orszag, Berlin: Springer - Verlag-.

Hewson, E. W. and G. C. Gill, 1944: Meteorological Investigations in Columbia River Valley near Trail, British Columbia -Part- II. Report submitted to the Trail Smelter Arbitral Tribunal,Bulletin 453, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC, 228.

159

Hicks B. B., K. S. Rao, R. J. Dobosy, R. P. Hosker, Jr., J. A. Herwehe, W. R. Pendergrass, 1989:A puff-trajectory modekfor reactive gas dispersion with application to UF6 releases into the atmosphere. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERLARL-168. NOAAI ATDL Contribution, 87 (24). 136.

Hinds, W.T. 1970: Diffusion over Coastal Mountains of Southern California. Atmospheric Environment, 2, 541-558.

Hino, M., 1968: Computer experiment on smoke diffusion over a complicated topography. Atmospheric Environment, 2, 541-558.

Holtzworth, G. C., 1974: Meteorological Episodes of Slowest Dilution in Contiguous United States, Report EPA - 650/4-74- 002. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

Hosker, Jr. R. P., S. Barr, 1980:Using laboratory flow models to simulate terrain-influenced meteorology_ In:Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain (ASCOT) information survey, (Ed. M.H. Dickerson). NOAA I ATDL contribution no. 80/31. ASCOT-80-3.25

Hosker, Jr. R.P., 1984:Flow and diffusion.Jlear obstacles. In: Atmospheric Science and Power Production, (Ed. Darryl Randerson), U. S. Deptt. of Energy TIC-27601, 241-325.

Hovind E. L., M. 'W. Edelstein, and V. C. Sutherland, 1979: Workshop on Atmospheric Dispersion Models in Complex Terrain. EPA-600/9-79-041, U.S. EPA, U.S.A.

Hsiung, J. and H. Case, 1981: User's Manual for Pacific Gas and Electric PLUME 5 Model. Pacific Gas and Electricity Company, San Francisco, CA, 203.

Hunt, J. C. R., W. H. Snyder, and R. E. Lawson, Jr., 1978: Flow structure and turbulent diffusion around a Three Dimensional Hill; Fluid modeling study on effects of stratification ;Part-I Flow Structure. EPA-600/4-78-041.U.S.EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, 65.

Hunt J. C. R., 1. S. Puttock, W. H. Snyder, 1979: Turbulent diffusion from a point source in stratified and neutral flows around a three-dimensional hill - Part I. Diffusion equation analysis. Atmospheric Environment, 13: 1227-1239.

Hunt J. C. R., W. H. Snyder, 1980:Experiments on stably and neutrally stratified flow over a model three-dimensional hill. J. Flui,d Mech., 96(4): 671-704.

Irwin J. S., 1979:A theoretical variation of the wind profile power-law exponent as a function of surface roughness and stability. Atmospheric Environment, 13: 191-194.

Irwin J. S., 1983:Estimating plume dispersion - A comparison of several sigma schemes.J. Clim. Appl. Meteo,22: 92-114.

160

Isaacs, R. G., A. Bass and B. A. Egan, 1979: Application of potential Flow Theory to a Gaussian Point Source Diffusion Model in a Complex Terrain. Extended Abstracts, Fourth Symposium on Turbulence, Diffusion, - and Air Pollution, American Meteorological Society. Boston, MA, 189-'196.

Izumi, Y. and M. L. Barad, 1963 : Wind and Temperature variations During Development of a low level Jet. 1. AppL MeL, 2, 668-673.

Jackson, P. S. and Hunt, J. C. R., 1975 : Turbulent wind flow over a low hill. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc 101, 929-955.

Kaimal, J. S., J. C. Wyngaard, D. A. Haugen, O. R. Coate, Y.Izumi J. J. Chauey, and C. 1. Readings. 1976: Turbulence Structure in the Convective Boundary Layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 33: 2152- 2169 .

Kimura, F., 1989:A simulation of wind and air pollution over complex terrain using a hydrostatic numerical model.Atmospheric Environment, 23 (4): 723-730.

Knox,J.B.,1974: Numerical modeling of the transport, diffusion, and deposition of pollutants for regional and extended scales. J. Air Pollution Contr. Association,24(7),660-664.

Lamb R. G., 1979:The effects of release height on material dispersion in the convective planetary boundary layer. Fourth Symp. Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Pollution, Reno,NV, U.S.A., AMS, 5

Lange, R.,1973; ADPIC: A three dimensional computer code for the study of pollutant dispersal and deposition under complex conditions. Lawrence Livermore Laboratories,CA, 1973. UCRL-51462. '

Lewellen W. S., M. Teske, 1976:Second-order closure modeling of diffusion in the atmospheric boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 10: 69-90.

Lewellen W. S. and R. 1. Sykes 1983: Second order closure model exercise for the Kincadic Power plant plume, EPRI report,EA - 3079, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California.

Mahrt, L. 1983: Atmospheric boundary layer Rev. Geophy. Space Physics 21.

McBean ,G. A.,Bernhardt, K.,Bdin, S., Lityanska, Z.,Van Ulden A. P.,and Wyngaard, 1. C., 1979: The Planetary Boundary Layer 201 pp.WMO Tech. Note No. 165, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva.

Mellor G. L., T. Yamada, 1974:A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers. 1. Atmospheric Sci., 31:1791-1806.

161

Meroney R. N., J. E. Cermak, 1967:Wind tunnel modeling of flow and diffusion over San Nicolas island, CA, U.S.A. Technical Report, Contract Nl23 (61756) 50192A (PMR) , Sept. 1967.

Meroney R. N., 1970:Wind tunnel studies of the air flow (ind gaseous plume diffusion in the leading edge and downstream regions of a model forest. 9th Conf. on Agricultural Meteorology, Seattle, Washington, U.S·.A., Sept. 1969. Atmospheric Environment, 4: 597-614 ..

Meroney R. N., T. Yamada, 1971 :Wind tunnel and numerical experiments of two-dimensional stratified airflow over a heated island. Symp. on Environmental and Geophysical Heat Transfer, Annual meeting of the ASME, Nov.28-Dec.2, 1971, Washington, D. c., U.S.A.

Meroney R. N., 1979: Fieid verification and iaboratory simulation of airflow patterns in complex terrain.Proc.Fourth Symp. on Turbulence, Diffusion, and Air Pollution ,Jan. 15-18, Reno, Nevada, U.S.A., 592-595.

Meroney R. N., 1980:Physical siniulation of dispersion in complex terrain and valley drainage flow situations. 11th Int. Tech. Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Applications, Nov. 25-28, 1980, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Meroney R. N., 1982:Wind-tunnel experiments on dense gas dispersion. Also in: Dense Gas Dispersion, R. E. Britter and R. F. griffiths, eds., Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co. 1982. J. Hazardous Materials, 6: 85-106.

Monin, A. S. and A. M. Yaglom 1971: Statistical Fluid Mechanics of turbulence, Vol I, Lumley, 1. L. (ed.). MIT Press Cambridge Mass.

Monteith, 1. L. 1973: Principles of Environmental Physics, E. Arnold Ltd., London.

Monteith, J. L., 1965: Evaporation and Environmental.In Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology, Vol. 19 , Cambridge, 'Cambridge University press.

Moore, D. 1. 1980: Lectures on plume rise in Atmospheric Planetary Boundary Layer Physics, Development in Atmospheric Sciences, (Longhetto, A., ed.) Amsterdam, . Elsevier.

Morrow, P. A., and Slatyer, R. O. 1971: Leaf resistance measurements with diffusion porometers. Precautions in calibration and use, Agric. Meteorology, 8, 223-233.

Nieuwstadt, F. T. M., 1981: The height of the stable boundary layer. Reprints, Fifth Symposium on Turbulence, Diffusion, and Air Pollution. American Meteorological Society, Atlanta, March 1981, 104-105.

Oke, T. R., 1978: Boundary Layer Climates, New York, Methuen.

162

Orgill M. M., J. E. Cermak, 1972:Atmospheric flow and diffusion over mountainous terrain. AIAA 5th Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference held in Boston, June 26-28, 1972.

Orlanski, 1., 1975: A Rational Subdivision of Scales for Atmospheric Processes, Bull. Amer. Meteorological Society, Vol. 56. 527-530.

Padmanabhamurty and MandaI, 1981: On the dispersal capacity of the air environment over metropolitan Calcutta, Mausam, 32, 4, 431-444.

Pasquill F., 1961 :The estimation of the dispersion of wind borne material. Meteorological Mag., 90: 33-

Pasquill F., 1974:Atmospheric Diffusion, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York. 277.

Pasquill F., 1976:Atmospheric diffusion parameters in Gaussian plume modeling, Part II. EPA-600/4176-0306, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.A., 44.

Pasquill, F. and Smith, F. B., 1983: Atmospheric diffusion, 3rd ed. 437, Ellis Horwood, Chichester.

Pennel, "W'. T. and M. A. Lemone, 1974: An Experimental study of Turbulence Structure in the Fair Weather Trade Wind Boundary Layer. J. Atmos. sci, 31, 1308-1323 .

. Pielke R. A., R. W. Arritt, M. Segal, M. D. Moran, R. T. McNider, 1987:Mesosca1e numerical modeling of pollutant transport in complex terrain. Boundary-Layer Meteorology,4l: 59-74.

Pierce T. E., D. B. Turner, 1980:User's guide of MPTER, A Multiple Point Gaussian Dispersion Algorithm with Optional Terrain Adjustment. EPA-600/8-80-016, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, U.S.A.,247.

Porteill, R. V., 1977: Mixing heights, Wind speeds and Ventilation coefficients for Canada, pp 87, Climatological studies No. 31, Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.

Randall, D. A., and Arakawa, 1976: A parameterization of the planetary boundary layer for numerical models for the atmosphere~ UCLA Atmospheric General Circulation Model.

. Rao, K. S., M. A. Schaub, 1989:0bserved variations of sigma theta and sigme phi in the nocturnal drainage flow in a deep river valley. To appear in Boundary-Layer Meteorology.

163

Rao, K. S., R. M. Eckman, R. P. Hoker, Jr., 1989: Simulation of tacer concentration data in the Brush Creek drainage flow using an Integral Puff model. J. Appl. Meteorology, 28 : 609-616.

Reid, J. D., 1979:Markov chain simulations of vertical dispersion in the neutral surface layer for surface and elevated releases. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 16: 3-22.

Reynolds, S. D., R. E. Morris, T. C. Myers and M. K. Liu 1984 a: Evaluation of three first order closure models-Plainssite, EPRI Report, EA-3078, Electric Power Research

. Institute, Palo Alto, California.

Reynolds, S. D., C. Seigneur,T.E.Stoeckenius,G.E. Moore, R. G.Johnsen,and R.J. Londergan 1984 b: Operational validation of Gaussian Plume models at a Plains site. EPRI report EA-3076, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California.

Riley, J. J., H. T. Liu, E. W. Geller,1976: A Numerical and Experimental study of stably stratified flow around complex terrain. EPA-600/4-76-021 , U. S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, 41.

., Roberts, O. F. T., 1923:The theoretical scattering of smoke in a turbulent atmosphere. Proc. Royal Soc., A, 104, pp 640-Ruff, R. E., K. C. Nitz, F. I. Ludwig, C. M. Bhumralkar, J. D. Shannon, C. AI,to Sheih,. Yee, R. Kumar, and D. J. McNaughton 1984: Regional air quality model and evaluation. EPRI report EA-3671, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California.

Schatzmann, M., and A, J. Policastry 1984: An advanced integral model for cooling tower plume dispersion, Atmospheric Environment, 18: 663-674.

Schiermeier, F. A., T. F. Lavery, D. G. Strimaitis, A. Venkatram, B. R. Green, and B. A. Egan,1983:EPA model development for stable plume impingement on elevated terrain obstacles. NATO/CCMS Int. Tecti. Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Applications, Sept. 27-30, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Scorer, R. S., 1955:Theory of airflow over mountains: iv.Separation of flow from the surface. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 81: 340-350.

Scorer, R. S. 1968: Air Pollution. Pergaman. -,.

Sheppard, P. A., 1956: Airflow over mountains.Q. J. R.Meteorol. S, 82: 528-529.

Smith, R. B., 1980: Linear theory of stratified hydrostatic flow past an isolated mountain. Tellus 32: 348-364.

Snyder, W. R., 1972:Similarity criteria fOI-the application of fluid models to the study of air pollution meteorology. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 3: 113-134.

164

Snyder W. H., R. E. Britter, J. C. R. Hunt, 1980:A fluid modeling study of the flow structure and plume impingement on a three-dimensional hill in stably stratified flow. Proc. of Fifth Int. Conference on Wind Energy, Pargamon Press, New York, U.S.A., 319-329.

Snyder W. H., 1981 :Guide1ine of fluid modeling of atmospheric diffusion. EPA-600/8-81-099, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, U.S.A. 185.

Synder, W. H., 1983: Fluid Modeling of Terrain Aerodynamics and Plume Dispersion-A Perspective view. Extended Abstracts, Sixth Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, 317-320.

"

Synder, W. H. and R. E. Lawson, Jr., 1983: Stable Plume dispersion over an isolated Hill-Releases Above the dividing-Streamline Height. Appendix A to Fourth Milestone Report-1984, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park,NC, 72.

Snyder, W. H., J. C. R. Hunt, 1984:Turbulentdiffusion from a point source in stratified and neutral flows around a three-dimensional hill-II. Laboratory measurements of surface concentrations. Atmospheric Environment, 18: (10) 1969-2002.

Snyder, W. H., and R. E. Britter, 1987:A wind tunnel study of the flow structure and dispersion from sources upwind of 3-dimensional hills. Atmospheric Environment 21: 735-751.

Start, G. E., C. R. Dickson and N. R. Ricks, 1974: Effluent Diffusion over Mountanolls Terrain and within Mountain Canyons. Preprints, Symposium on Atmospheric Diffusion and Air Pollution, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, 226-232.

Start, G. E., C. R. Dickson and L. L. Wnendell, 1975: Diffusion in a Canyon within Rough Mountainous Terrain. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 14: 333-346.

'-

Strimaitis, D. G., J. S. Scire and A. Bass, 1983: COMPLEX/PFM Air Quality Model User's Guide. EPA-600/S8-83-'OlS, U.S., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, 115.

Sutton O. G., 1932:A theory of eddy diffusion in the atmosphere. Proc. of~Royal Soc. A, 135,143-. .

Sykes, R. I., 1978: Stratification effects in boundary layer over hills. Proc. Royal Society. A 361, 225.

Sykes, R. I., W. S. Lewellen, S. F. Parker and D. S. Henn, 1989:A hierarchy of . dynamic plume models incorpornting uncertainty. Vol. 2: Stack exhaust model (SEM). A.R.A.P. Division of California Research and Technology, Inc. ,final Report E A-6095, vol. 2, Princton, New Jersey.

165

Taylor, G. I., 1921:Diffusion by continuous movements. Proc. of the London Math. Soc., Ser 2., 20: 196-212.

Taylor, P.A., 1977: Some numerical studies of surface boundary layer flow over gentle topography. Boundary layer Meteorology, 11, 439-465.

Tennekes, H., 1973: The Logarithmic wind profile, J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 30, 234-238.

Tennekes, H., 1976:0bservations on the dynamics of and statistics of simple box models with a variable inversion lid. Third symp. Atmospheric Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Quality, Oct. 19-22, 1976, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.

Tennekes, H., 1982: Similarity Relations, Scaling· Laws .and Spectral Dynamics, in Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modelling,eds. F. T.M. Nieuwstadt and H. van Dop, pp 37-68.D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, Holland.

Tran, K. T., R. C. Sklarew, A. J. Fabrick, and J. C. Wilson, 1979: User's Guide to IMPACT -Art Integrated Model for Plumt<..s and Atmospheric chemistry in Complex Terrain. Form and substance, Inc., Westlake Village, CA, 94.

Turner, D. B., 1964:A diffusion model for an urban area. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 3: 83-

Turner, D. B., 1970:Workbook of atmospheric dispersion estimates. U.S. Deptt. of Health, Education, and Welfare,Public Health Service, AP-26. 81.

Turner, D. B., 1979:Atmospheric dispersion modding-A critical review. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association 29: 502-519. .

van Bavel, C. H. M. and Hellel, D. I., 1976: The combination concept and its experimental verification, Water Resources Res. ,2, 455-461

Vander Hoven, I., 1976: A survey of field measurements of atmospheric diffusion under low wind speed inversion conditions. Nuclear safety vol. 17, no. 2, March-April 1976.

Van Haren, L., and F. T. Nieuwstadt, 1989:The behaviour of passive and buoyant plumes in a convective boundary layer, as simulated with a large eddy model. Journal of Applied Meteorology 28: 818.· '-.

Van Valin, C. C., R. F. Pueschel, E. W., Barrett and G. M., Williams, 1982: Field observations of stratified Atmospheric flow Above an Obstacle. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 24: 331-343.

Venkatram, A., 1978:Estimating the convective velocity scale for diffusion applications. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 15: 447-452.

166

Venkatram, A., 1978: An examination -of box models for rur quality simulation. Atmospheric Environment,12: 2243-2249.

Venkatram, A., 1980: Estimating the Monin-Obukkov length in the stable boundary layer for dispersion calculations. Boundary Layer Meteorology, 19, 481-485.

Whi ternan, C. D., Mckee, 1977: Observations of vertical atmospheric structure in a deep mountain valley. Arch. Met. Geophy.B, 26: 29-50.

Whiteman, C. D., Mckee, 1979: Temperature inversion in Colorado Mountain Valleys-Implications for air pollution dispersion. Proc. 10th Int. Tech. Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, NATO/CCMS, Oct. 23-26, 1979, Rome, Italy, 217-224, P, 0: 999-

Whiteman, C. D., 1980: Break up of temperature inversions in Colorado Mountain Valleys, US ISSN 0067-0340, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co, 250.

Whiteman, C. D., 1982: Break up of temperature iIiversions in deep mountain valleys: Part-I. Observations, J. App!. Meteorol 21; 270-289~

Whiteman, C. D., 1982: Break up of temperature inversions in deep mountain valleys: Part-II. Observations, J. App!. Meteorol. 21; 290-302. ,

Whiteman, C. D. and K. J., Allwine, 198:.t: VALMET- A Valley Air Pollution Mode. PNL-4728, Pacific North West Laboratory, Richland, WA, 163.

Yamada, T., G. Mellor, 1975:A simulation of the Wangar atmospheric boundary-layer data.J. Atmospheric Sci., 32: 2309-2329.

Yamada, T., 1979:A numerical study of the effects of complex terrain on dynamics of airflow and pollutant dispersion. Proc. of the Fourth Symp. Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Pollution. AMS, 10.

Yamada, T., S. Bunker, 1988:Development of a nested grid,second moment turbulence closure model and application to the 1982 ASCOT Brush Creek data simulation.Journal of Applied Meteorology, 27: 562-578.

Zannetti, P., 1981:An improved puff algorithm for plume dispersion simulation. Journal of Applied Meteorology,20: 1203-1211.

Zilitinkevich, S.S., 1972: On the determination of the height of the Ekman Boundary Layer: Boundary Layer Meteorology, 3, 141- 145.

167